olume 7 #5 number 78 boom of oem ngvs , world #1orld fair t 2008 ngv event ope o 1,000,000 hane...

II World Fair

Comes up the biggest

2008 NGV event

Europe

Close to 1,000,000

methane vehicles

Volume 7 #5

Number 78

July 2008

Boom of OEM NGVs

Italy, world #1 24,220 sold in 2006. 59,619 in 2007 –

+145%. 2008, a further 30% increase.

2 July 2008 Gas Vehicles Report

BRAZILAv. Rio Branco, 131 Sala 1.701CEP: 20040-006 ■ Rio de Janeiro - RJTel: + (55 21) [email protected] ■ www.folhadognv.com

KOREA300-5 ■ Changchon-Ri ■ Namsan-MyunChuncheon-Si ■ Kangwon-Do ■ 200-911 KOREATel./Fax: +82-33-260-3419E-mail: [email protected]

ARGENTINAUspallata 711 ■ CP 1268 ■ Capital Federal ■ ArgentinaTel./Fax: +54 11 43074559 /5201/ 43006137 E-mail: [email protected]

Visit: www.ngvguide.com - www.ngvgroup.comSubscriptions: [email protected]

Printed: Rigraph S.R.L.• Constitución 4, 28.511 Madrid - España• Tilcara 3.146, Buenos AiresMember of NGVA E

NGV news

Info from the IANGV

Turin is the Italian city with the highest number of natural gas buses

CNG – Fuel # 1 for 150 Years and Decades to Come

GNV 2009 Madrid, international conference and exhibition

NGVAmerica

News, Products, Technology

Statistics balance

Worldwide statistics

European numbers

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The GVR: 2008 Journalistic timetable and NGV events

#Edition Month Deadline Special Report Events with massive distribution

The Gas Ve hi cles Re port is a pu bli ca tion of NGV Com mu ni ca tionsGroup, pu blis hing hou se and fairs-con fe ren ces or ga ni zer:www.ngv group .com. In Eu ro pe, it al so pro du ces the In ter na tio nalNGV Gui de. In Ko rea, Asian NGV Com mu ni ca tions. In Ar gen ti na, theGroup pu blis hes Pren sa Ve hi cu lar, Ar gen ti ne CNG Gui de, maps,books and bro chu res. In Bra zil, it pu blis hes Fol ha do GNV,Bra zi lian NGV Gui de, maps, pos ters, among ot hers. Sig ned ar ti clesare ex clu si ve res pon si bi lity of the aut hors, as well as ad ver ti singcom pa nies and agen cies are res pon si ble for the pu blis hed ads.

PERUAv. Brasil 3222 Oficina 403A Magdalena del MarRUC: 20513085576 ■ CP: Lima [email protected]

72 January November 30th LNG vehicles and fuelling facilities 73 February December 20th NG buses: how OEMs see the market place74 March January 25th Biogas projects in Europe 78th International Motor Show, 6-16 March Geneva, Switzerland75 April February 22nd Opinions from compressor manufacturers 14th ENGVA Conference, April Madrid, Spain76 May March 25th The world of valve and other component manufacturers 77 June April 18th Methane markets in Europe, USA, and Canada NGV 2008. 3-5 June, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil78 July June 8th NGV 2008 balance79 August June 25th Vehicle conversion market in Europe: the companies and the technology80 September July 25th Special edition for Torino event 2nd World Fair of NGV, biogas & H2V, 25-27 September, Turin, Italy81 October August 25th Balance of the Torino event82 November September 19th The voice of cylinder suppliers83 December October 24th NGV statistics balance: the progress of 2008 activities


English

EuropeThe G8 Environment Ministers signified their support for a long-term target of halving globalgreenhouse gas emissions by2050.German MEP Matthias Grootehas proposed to the EuropeanParliament’s (EP) EnvironmentCommittee to issue tighter limits onEuro 6 emissions from trucks andbuses. He also suggested that thenorm should be implemented 18months before April 2013.

GermanyIn 2009, Opel will introduce a new1.6-liter turbo CNG engine withabout 110 kW/150 hp plus 210Nm of torque. Developed by GeneralMotors Powertrain in Turin, thebrand new model joins the firm’spresent CNG engine, having thesame displacement plus an output of69 kW/94 hp. Seven years after itsfirst NGV production in 2001, Opelproduced 50,000 NGVs. A newrecord was registered last yearwhen over 12,000 Combo CNG andZafira CNG were sold. This represents

a 50% increase in sales compared tothe previous year. Meanwhile,Mercedes-Benz introduced a newNGV model: the B 170 NGTBlueEfficiency bi-fuel sedan with apower range of 85 kW (116 hp). Thetotal driving range achieved from bothfuels is 1,000 km, of which 300 kmare on CNG. The fuel consumptionper 100 km varies between 4.9kg forCNG and 7.3 litres for gasoline.

The NetherlandsMinister of Transport CamielEurlings has expressed his supportto the alternative fuels industry suchas CNG and ethanol, by offering €1.8 M financing in his budget.Eurlings expects that CNG andethanol pump stations will be available throughout the country. Meanwhile, the Utrecht Provinceprovides € 2.4 M funding for theinstallation of 24 refuelling stationsfor these alternative fuels.

UKAfter being marketed in mainlandEurope, Volkswagen Caddy EcoFuel

NGV newswill be introduced to the UK marketlater this year. The Caddy Ecofuelcan operate on either CNG/bio-methane or gasoline. With a fuelstoring capacity of 26 kg CNG plus a2.0-litre 109 PS gasoline engine,the vehicle range is of around 350miles before needing to be refuelled.

Manchester congestion charge comingThe SMMT's Policy Department saysit expects that Government ministerswill confirm Manchester's congestioncharging scheme any day now. Thisis part of the Transport InnovationFund process and will be a two-ringarrangement, starting in 2013.Richard Leese, leader ofManchester City Council says thatthose who must travel during charg-ing hours will find their journeys 20%faster. There will be public consulta-tion process across GreaterManchester if the government givesthe scheme the go-ahead. So far itseems aimed at cars only and thereare plans to spend cash on othertypes of transport at the same time.NGVs are exempted.

6 Gas Vehicles ReportJuly 2008

EuropaI ministri dell’ambiente G8 hanno significato il loro sostegno a un obiettivo a lungo termine volto adimezzare le emissioni di gas a effetto serra entro il 2050.Il membro tedesco del Parlamentoeuropeo Matthias Groote ha proposto al comitato dell'ambientedel Parlamento Europeo di emetterelimiti più severi sulle emissioni Euro6 provenienti da autocarri e autobus. Ha inoltre suggerito diimplementare la norma diciotto mesiin anticipo, ossia in aprile 2013.

GermaniaNel 2009, Opel introdurrà un nuovomotore 1.6 litri turbo a GNC con

circa 110 kW/150 hp più unatorque di 210 Nm. Sviluppato daGeneral Motors Powertrain a Torino,il nuovissimo modello si rifà all’attuale motore GNC dell’azienda,con lo stesso dislocamento e un output di 69 kW/94 hp.Sette anni dopo la sua prima produzione di veicoli a gas naturalenel 2001, Opel ne ha prodotto50,000 unità. Un nuovo record èstato registrato l’anno scorso, conuna vendita superiore a 12,000unità dei modelli Combo e Zafira aGNC. Ciò rappresenta un incrementodel 50% delle vendite rispetto all'anno precedente.

Nel frattempo, Mercedes-Benz ha

Notizie NGVItalian

introdotto un nuovo modello ametano: la berlina B 170 NGTBlueEfficiency bi-fuel con una potenzadi 85 kW (116 hp). L’autonomia raggiunta da ambedue i combustibiliè pari a 1,000 km, di cui 300 km aGNC. Il consumo di combustibile per100 km varia tra i 4,9 kg per il GNCe 7,3 litri per la benzina.

OlandaIl ministro dei trasporti CamielEurlings ha espresso il suo sostegnoall’industria dei combustibili alternativicome GNC ed etanolo e nel suobudget ha incluso un finanziamentodi 1,8 Euro. Eurlings si aspetta chesiano disponibili in tutto il paesestazioni di rifornimento di GNC edetanolo. Nel frattempo, la Provincia diUtrecht provvede a un finanziamentodi 2,4 milioni di Euro per l’installazione di 24 stazioni di rifornimento per questi combustibilialternativi.

Regno UnitoDopo essere stata commercializzatain Europa continentale, quest’anno ilmodello Volkswagen Caddy EcoFuelsarà introdotto anche nel RegnoUnito. Questa automobile può funzionare sia a GNC/boimetano, siaa benzina. Con una capacità di riserva di 26 kg di GNC più unmotore a benzina di 2,0 litri, questoveicolo può circolare circa 350miglia prima di essere rifornito.

Tassa sulla congestione: introduzioneprevista anche a Manchester Il dipartimento di politica dellaSocietà di fabbricanti di motori(SMMT) dice che i ministri delGoverno confermeranno in questigiorni l'introduzione della tassa sullacongestione a Manchester. Essarientra nel processo di innovazionedei trasporti (Transport InnovationFund) e sarà parte di una disposizione a due fasi, che inizia nel2013. Secondo Richard Leese,leader della Municipalità diManchester, coloro che viaggerannodurante le ore in cui viene applicatala tassa, guadagneranno il 20% ditempo. Se il Governo dà il via liberaal progetto, sarà organizzata unaconsultazione pubblica a Manchestere dintorni. Per il momento questoprogetto riguarda soltanto le automobili ed esistono piani concernenti gli altri tipi di veicoli.I veicoli a metano non sono taccatida questa misura.


Erdgasfahrzeug-NewsGerman

EuropaDie Umweltminister der G8-Länder habenangedeutet, dass sie eine langfristigeZielsetzung zur Halbierung des globalenTreibhausgas-Ausstoßes bis 2050 unterstützen würden.Matthias Groote, deutsches Mitglied desEuropäischen Parlaments, hat demUmweltkomitee der EU vorgeschlagen,strengere Grenzwerte im Rahmen derEURO-6-Norm für Lastwagen und Bussefestzulegen. Außerdem empfahl er, dieNorm 18 Monate vor April 2013einzuführen.

DeutschlandIm Jahr 2009 lanciert Opel einen neuen1.6-Liter-Turbo-CNG-Motor, mit ungefähr110kW/150PS und einem Drehmomentvon 210Nm. Das neue Modell wird vonGeneral Motors Powertrain in Turinentwickelt und gesellt sich zum aktuellenCNG-Motor des Unternehmens, der überdie gleiche Reichweite und eine Leistungvon 69kW/94PS verfügt.Sieben Jahre nach der Herstellung desersten CNG-Autos hat Opel 50'000Erdgasfahrzeuge produziert. Letztes Jahrwurde ein neuer Rekord erzielt mit demVerkauf von über 12'000 Combo CNG

und Zafira CNG. Dies entspricht einerVerkaufszunahme von 50% im Vergleichzum Vorjahr. Inzwischen hat Mercedes Benz ein neuesErdgasmodell eingeführt: den bivalentenSedan B170 NGT BlueEFFICIENCY miteiner Leistung von 85 kW (116 PS). DieGesamtreichweite aus beiden Kraftstoffenbeträgt 1000km, davon 300 mit CNG.Der Kraftstoffkonsum pro 100km beträgt4.9kg für CNG, respektive 7.3 Liter fürBenzin.

HollandVerkehrsminister Camiel Eurlings sprachsich für die Unterstützung der Industriealternativer Brennstoffe wie Erdgas undEthanol aus und sieht in seinem Budgeteine Finanzierung in der Höhe von 1.8 MEuro vor. Eurlings nimmt an, dass Erdgas-und Ethanoltankstellen bald im ganzenLand zur Verfügung stehen werden.Mittlerweile stellt die Provinz Utrecht zurFinanzierung von 24 Tankstellen für alter-native Kraftstoffe 2.4 M Euro zurVerfügung.

GroßbritannienNach seinem Marktauftritt auf demeuropäischen Festland wird der

Volkswagen Caddy EcoFuel im späterenVerlauf dieses Jahres in Großbritannieneingeführt. Der Caddy EcoFuel funktion-iert mit CNG/Biomethan oder Benzin.Mit einer Speicherkapazität von 26 kgCNG und einem 2.0 Liter Benzinmotorbeträgt die Reichweite des Fahrzeugsungefähr 350 Meilen.

Manchester: Congestion Charge inAussichtDas Politik-Departement der britischenSociety of Motor Manufacturers &Traders SMMT rechnet damit, dass dieRegierungsminister in Kürze den Plan zurEinführung einer Congestion Charge inManchester bestätigen. Das Programmist Teil des Prozesses zur Förderung vonNeuerungen im Verkehr und soll im Jahr2013 als Zwei-Zonen-System starten.Richard Leese, Vorsitzender desStadtrats von Manchester, sagt voraus,dass sich die Transportdauer währendden gebührenpflichtigen Zeitabschnittenum 20% verkürzen wird. Ein öffentlichesUmfrage-Verfahren in Manchester undUmgebung soll darüber entscheiden, obdie Regierung dem Programm grünesLicht erteilt. Bis jetzt ist es nur fürPersonenwagen vorgesehen, gleichzeitigeInvestitionen in alternative Transportmittelsind geplant. Erdgasfahrzeuge sind vonder Gebührenpflicht ausgenommen.

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Noticias del GNVEuropaLos ministros de medio ambiente delG8 indicaron su respaldo a un objetivo a largo plazo para reducir ala mitad las emisiones de gases deefecto invernadero para el 2050.Matthias Groote, miembro alemándel Parlamento Europeo propuso queel respectivo Comité de MedioAmbiente sancione más estrictoslímites, bajo el Euro 6, a las emisiones de buses y camiones.También sugirió que la normadebería ser implementada 18 mesesantes, abril de 2013.

AlemaniaEn 2009 Opel presentará un nuevomotor GNV de 1.6litros, de110KW/150HP y 210 Nm detorque. Desarrollado por GeneralMotors Powertrain en Turín, elnuevo modelo se agrega al actualmotor a gas natural, con idénticodesplazamiento más un output de69Kw/94HP. Siete años despuésdel primer NGV producido en 2001,Opel ha fabricado 50.000 GNVs. Unnuevo récord fue establecido el año

pasado, cuando más de 12.000Combo CNG yZafira CNG fueron vendidos. Esto representa un aumento del 50% en ventas comparado al año previo.Mientras tanto, Mercedes Benzintrodujo un nuevo modelo a gas natural: el B 170 NGT BlueEfficiency,sedán bi-fuel con una potencia de85KW (116HP). La autonomía quese alcanza con ambos combustibleses de 1.000km, de los cuales 300a GNC. El consumo por 100km varíaentre los 4.9kg de GNV y 7,3 litrosde gasolina.

HolandaEl Ministro de Transporte, CamielEurlings, expresó su soporte a laindustria de combustibles alterna-tivos como el gas natural y etanol,ofreciendo en su presupuesto unfinanciamiento de 1.8 millones deeuros. Eurlings espera que esta-ciones de GNC y etanol se establez-can en todo el país. Por otra parte,le provincia de Utrecht provee 2,4millones de euros para la instalaciónde 24 estaciones de carga.

Spanish

Gran BretañaLuego de su comercialización enEuropa continental, será introducidoen el mercado británico este año elVolkswagen Caddy EcoFuel. El vehículo puede operar conGNC/biometano o gasolina. Con unacapacidad de carga de 26kg demetano y un motor de 2.0 litros, elvehículo alcanza las 350 millas sinnecesidad de recarga.

Llega el Manchester congestionchargeEl Departamento de Política de laSociedad de Fabricantes de Motoresdijo esperar ya que los ministrosgubernamentales confirmarán elesquema del Manchester CongestionCharge. Esto forma parte del proceso de Innovación en elTransporte y comenzará en 2013.Richard Leese, responsable delCouncil de la ciudad de Manchestersostiene que quienes circulendurante las horas de aplicación viajarán un 20% más rápido. Al momento se apunta a automóvilesy existen planes para los otros tiposde vehículos. Los GNVs están exentos de pago.


Nouvelles des NGVsFrench

EuropeLes Ministres de l’Environnement du G8ont accordé leurs soutiens dans la volonté de réduire les émissions des gaz àeffet de serre à 50 % de la valeuractuelle et cela pour 2050. L’AllemandMEP Mathias Groote a proposé au Comitédu Parlement Européen del’Environnement(EP) de lancer des limitesplus étroites dans le cadre des valeurs dEuro 6 des camions et des bus. Il a aussisuggéré que la norme soit mise envigueur 18 mois plus tôt qu’avril 2013.

AllemagneEn 2009, Opel introduira un nouveaumoteur CNG de 1.6 litre turbo d’une puissance de 110 KW/150 CV dotéd’un couple de 210 Nm. Développé parGeneral Motors Powertrain à Turin , letout nouveau modèle rejoint le moteurCNG actuel de la firme qui possède lamême cylindrée mais d’une puissanceinférieur qui est de 69 KW / 94 CV.Sept années après sa première production de NGVs ,Opel a produit50.000 NGVs. Un nouveau record a étéenregistré l’année dernière lorsque12.000 Combo CNG et Zafira CNG ontété vendus. Ceci représente une

augmentation de 50 % des ventes comparées à l’année dernière.Entretemps, Mercedes-Benz a introduitun nouveau modèle NGV, le B 170 NGTBlue-Efficiency sedan bi-carburant d’unepuissance de 85 KW-116 CV. Le rayond’action total des deux carburants est de1000 Km dont 300 pour le CNG. La consommation de carburant au 100km est de 4.9 kg de CNG et 7.3 litresd’essence.

Les Pays-BasCamiel Eurlings, Ministre des Transports, a exprimé son soutien à l’industrie descarburants alternatifs tel que le CNG etl’éthanol, en offrant 1,8 M € de financement de son budget. Il espère quedes stations de distribution de GNG etd’éthanol soient disponibles dans tous lepays. Entretemps la Province d’Utrechtassure une aide de 2,4 M € à l’installation de 24 stations de distributionde ces carburants alternatifs.

Le Royaume-UniAprès avoir été commercialisé dans denombreux pays d’Europe, VolkswagenCaddy EcoFuel va être introduit sur lemarché britannique vers la fin de cette

année. Ce véhicule fonctionnera soit auCNG/biométhane soit à l’essence. Avecune capacité de stockage de 26 Kg deCNG doté d’un moteur de 2 litres 109PS en essence le rayon d’action duvéhicule sera de 350 miles .

La taxe de congestion est d’actualité àManchesterLe SMMT’s Policy Departement déclarequ’il attend une confirmation desMinistres du Gouvernement au sujet del’application tous les jours du plan de taxation relatif à la congestion deManchester. Ceci est une partie duprocédé du Fond d’Innovation duTransport et sera un processus doubleprenant cours en 2013. Richard Leese,leader du Manchester City Council,déclare que ceux qui ne doivent pas circuler durant les heures de pointe trouveront leur trajet plus rapide de20%. Il y aura une consultation publiquedans le grand Manchester si leGouvernement donne à ce plan le feuvert. Il vise les voitures seulement maisdes projets existent pour étendre ce système à d’autres types de transport aumême moment. Les NGVs ne sont pasconcernés par ce système.

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Notícias do GNVPortuguese

EuropaOs ministros do meio-ambiente do G8 indicaram seuapoio a um objetivo a longo prazo para reduzir pelametade as emissões de gases do efeito estufa para 2050.Matthias Groote, membro alemão do ParlamentoEuropeu propôs que o respectivo Comitê de Meio-Ambiente sancione limites mais rigorosos, sob o Euro 6,as emissões de ônibus e caminhões. Também sugeriuque a norma deveria ser implementada 18 meses antes,em abril de 2013.

AlemanhaEn 2009 a Opel apresentará um novo motor GNV de1.6litros, de 110KW/150HP e 210 Nm de torque.Desenvolvido pela General Motors Powertrain em Turim,o novo modelo se agrega ao atual motor a gás natural,com idêntico deslocamento mais um output de69Kw/94HP. Sete anos depois do primeiro GNV produzido em 2001, Opel fabricou 50.000 GNVs. Um novo recorde foi estabelecido no ano passado, quando mais de 12.000 Combo CNG e Zafira CNGforam vendidos. Isto representa um aumento de 50%nas vendas comparado ao ano anterior.Enquanto isso, a Mercedes Benz introduziu um novomodelo a gás natural: o B 170 NGT BlueEfficiency,sedán bi-fuel com una potência de 85KW (116HP). Aautonomia que se alcança com ambos combustíveis é de1.000km, dos quais 300 a GNC. O consumo por 100kmvaria entre os 4.9kg de GNV e 7,3 litros de gasolina.

HolandaO Ministro do Transporte, Camiel Eurlings, expressouseu apoio à indústria de combustíveis alternativos comoo gás natural e etanol, oferecendo em seu orçamentoum financiamento de 1.8 milhões de euros. Eurlings espera que postos de GNC e etanol se estabeleçam em todo o país.Além disso, a província de Utrecht dispõe 2,4 milhõesde euros para a instalação de 24 postos de abastecimento.

Grã-BretanhaDepois de sua comercialização na Europa continental,será introduzido no mercado britânico este ano oVolkswagen Caddy EcoFuel. O veículo pode operar comGNC/biometano ou gasolina. Com uma capacidade deabastecimento de 26kg de metano e um motor de 2.0litros, o veículo alcança as 350 milhas sem necessidadede reabastecimento.

Chega o Manchester congestion chargeO Departamento de Política da Sociedade de Fabricantesde Motores disse que espera já que os ministros governamentais irão confirmar o esquema doManchester Congestion Charge. Isso faz parte doprocesso de Inovação no Transporte e começará em2013. Richard Leese, responsável pelo conselho dacidade de Manchester afirma que aqueles que circularem durante as horas de aplicação viajarão 20%mais rápido. No momento é destinado a automóveis eexistem planos para outros tipos de veículos. Os GNVsestão isentos de pagamento.

15July 2008 Gas Vehicles Report

Polish

Nowosći rynku NGVEuropaMinistrowie grupy G8 podpisali dokument zawierający nowe normyemisji gazów cieplarnianych, do roku2050. Niemiecki członek ParlamentuEuropejskiego, Matthias Grootezaproponował Komisji OchronyŚrodowiska nowe normy dla Euro 6,które powinny obowiązywać półtoraroku przed kwietniem 2013 dla autobusów i cię�arówek.

NiemcyW 2009 roku, Opel przedstawi nowymodel silnika 1,6l turbo CNG o parametrach 110 kW/150 KM oraz210 Nm momentu obrotowego.Silnik ten jest udoskonalany obecniew turyńskim zakładzie GeneralMotors Powertrain. Zakłada sięrównie� model 1,6l, ale 69 kW/94KM.

7 lat po wprowadzeniu do produkcji(2001), Opel do tej pory wypuścił narynek 50 tys. pojazdów z napędemna gaz ziemny. Nowym rekordem jest12 tys. sztuk Opla Combo oraz ZafiryCNG, zanotowane w zeszłym roku.Stanowi to 50% wzrost sprzeda�yaut z napędem na CNG Opla.

Poza tym, Mercedes-Benz przedstawił nowy model NGV: B 170NGT BlueEfficiency bi-fuel sedan omocy 85 kW (116 KM). Pojazdmo�e na jednym tankowaniu przejechać 1 tys. km, zaś na samymCNG 300km. Zu�ycie paliwa wahasię ok. 4kg CNG/ 100km oraz 7,3 lbenzyny na 100km.

HolandiaMinister Transportu Camiel Eurlingshwyraził swoje poparcie dla idei paliwalternatywnych, jak CNG i etanol,oferując € 1,8 M difinansowania zbud�etu państwa. Eurlings oczekuje,�e stacje tankowania tymi obomarodzajami paliw staną się dostępne wcałym kraju. Poza tym prowincja Utrecht przeznaczyła € 2,4 M na zbudowanie24 stacji tankowania paliwami alternatywnymi.

UKPo wprowadzeniu do sprzeda�y wEuropie, równie� w Wielkiej Brytaniibędzie włączony do oferty modelVolkswagen Caddy EcoFuel (podkoniec roku). Caddy Ecofuel mo�e

być zasilany zarówno CNG/biometanem oraz benzyną. Zbiornikimogą pomieścić 26 kg CNG.2-litrowy silnik benzynowy ma moc109 KM, zaś auto mo�e przejechacbez tankowania 350 mil.

Manchester congestion charge comingSMMT – Departament Policji wManchesterze czeka na oficjalnepotwierdzenie z ministerstwa dot.

opracowanego przez nich planu dot.wprowadzenia opłat za transport.Jest to część większego planu dot.12013 roku o nazwie TransportInnovation Fund. Richard Leese,przewodniczący rady miastaManchester powiedział, �e osoby,ktorę będą unikały przejazdów wgodzinach szczytu, zaoszczędzą 20%czasu. Jeśli rząd przyjmie projektrady miasta, będą koniecznepóźniejsze konsultacje społeczne.


Russian

Международные газомоторные новостиЕвропаМинистры окружающей среды стран

«большой восьмерки» подписалисоглашение о поддержке долговременнойпрограммы. Ее цель – к 2050 г. уменьшитьуровень выбросов «парниковых» газов двое.Немецкий министр окружающей средыМатиас Гроте предложил Европейскомупарламентскому комитету по вопросамокружающей среды ввести в рамках Евро 6более жесткие предельно допустимыенормы эмиссии для грузовиков иавтобусов. Он также посоветовалприменить новые стандарты на

восемнадцать месяцев раньше, то есть вапреле 2013 г.

ГерманияВ 2009 г. Opel представит новыйтурбодвигатель на КПГ объемом 1,6 л имощностью 110 кВт/150 л.с., которыйразвивает максимальный крутящий момент210 Нм. Новый брэнд разработанкомпанией General Motors Powertrain вТурине. Он присоединится к ужесуществующему КПГ двигателю, которыйимеет тот же объем и мощность 69 кВт/ 94 л.с.Оpel производит автомобили с газовым

двигателем уже семь лет. За это время ихчисло составило 50 тысяч. Новый рекордбыл поставлен в прошлом году, когда былореализовано более 12 тысяч автомобилейCombo CNG и Zafira CNG. Это повысилоуровень продаж на 50% в сравнении спредыдущим годом. Тем временем Mercedes-Benz представилновую модель на природном газе. Седан В170 NGT BlueEfficiency работает на двухвидах топлива. Мощность двигателя 85 кВт(116 л.с.) Полного бака обоих видовтоплива хватит на 1 тысячу км пути, приэтом только КПГ – 300 км. Потребление на100 км составляет 4,9 кг для природногогаза и 7,3 л для бензина.

НидерландыМинистр транспорта Камиел Эурлингс

поддержал такие альтернативные видытоплива, как КПГ и этанол. На эти цели избюджета министерства выделено 1,8 млневро. Эурлинг выразил надежду, чтогазонапорные станции с КПГ и этаноломбудут доступны во всех уголках страны. В то же время провинция Утрехт вкладываетв строительство 24 заправочных станций дляэтих видов топлива 2,4 млн евро.

ВеликобританияПосле того, как Volkswagen Caddy EcoFuelбыл представлен в континентальнойЕвропе, к концу этого года он придет наанглийский рынок. Этот автомобиль можетработать на КПГ/биометане или бензине.Полный бак вмещает 26 кг КПГ плюсбензиновый двигатель. Мощность 2,0литрового двигателя составляет 109 л.с.Полного бака хватит на 350 миль.

Манчестер вводит налог на проезд вместах частых пробокДепартамент политики Обществапроизводителей и продавцов автомобилей(the Society of Motor Manufacturers andTraders) предполагает, что в ближайшеевремя государственные министры могутпринять схему налогообложения на проездпо самым перегруженным дорогамМанчестера. Это нововведение входит впроцесс формирования транспортногоинновационного фонда, который будетпроходит в два этапа, начиная с 2013 г.Ричард Лиз, председатель городскогосовета Манчестера, считает, что не все изтех, кому приходится ездить в часыпробок, почувствуют, что они сталипередвигаться быстрее на 20%. ВокругБольшого Манчестера начнутсяобщественные дискуссии, еслиправительства даст ход новой налоговойсхеме. Пока что можно предположить, чтоона будет касаться только автомобилей.Полученные деньги направят на другиевиды транспорта. Автопарк на природномгазе от налога освободят.


NGV NieuwsDutch

EuropaDe G8 ministers van milieubeheerhebben hun steun toegezegd vooreen doel op lange termijn over dehalvering van broeikasgassen in dewereld in 2050.Het Duitse lid van het EuropeseParlement, Matthias Groote heefteen voorstel gedaan aan de milieucommissie van het EuropeseParlement om strengere limieten testellen voor Euro 6 emissies van trucksen bussen. Ook stelde hij voor dat dezenorm 18 maanden eerder ingesteldzou kunnen worden in april 2013.

DuitslandIn 2009 zal Opel een nieuwe 1.6 L.Turbo CNG motor introduceren metongeveer 110 kw/150 pk met eenkoppel van 210 Nm. Ontwikkeld doorGeneral Motor’s Powertrain in Turijn,plaatst dit nieuwe model zich bij dehuidige CNG motor van deze firmamet dezelfde cilinderinhoud plus eenvermogen van 69 kw/94 pk.Zeven jaar na de eerste NGV pro-ductie in 2001, produceerde Opel50.000 NGV’s. Een nieuw recordwerd vorig jaar bereikt, toen ermeer dan 12.000 Combo CNG enZafira CNG werden verkocht. Ditbetekent een stijging van 50% inverkoop vergeleken met het jaardaarvoor.Intussen heeft Mercedes-Benz eennieuw NGV model: the B 170 NGTBlueEfficiency bi-fuel sedan met eenvermogen van 85 kw/116 pk. Detotale actieradius bereikt door beidebrandstoffen is 1.000 km waarvan300 km op CNG. Het brandstofver-bruik per 100 km ligt tussen 4.9 kgvoor CNG en 7,3 liter voor gasolie.

NederlandDe minister van verkeer, CamielEurlings heeft zijn steun uitgesprokenaan de alternatieve brandstof industrie zoals CNG en ethanol door€ 1,8 M aan te bieden. Eurlingsverwacht dat er in het hele landCNG en ethanol pompstations zullenkomen. Intussen draagt de provincieUtrecht zo’n € 2,4 M bij voor deinstallatie van 24 tankstations voordeze alternatieve brandstoffen

Verenigd KoninkrijkNa op de markt te zijn gebracht ophet vaste land van Europa zal deCaddy EcoFuel ook op de markt worden gebracht in het Verenigd

Koninkrijk, later dit jaar. De CaddyEcoFuel kan zowel op CNG/biomethaan als ook op gasolie rijden.Met een hoeveelheid brandstof van26 kg.CNG plus een 20 l./109 pkdieselmotor is de actieradius zo’n350 mijl.

In Manchester komt een verkeersopstopping belastingDe beleidsafdeling van verenigde autofabrikanten verwacht dat deregeringsministers elk moment een

belastingschema zal afkondigen. Dit is een gedeelte van het transportinnovatie fonds proces en zal beginnenin 2013. Richard Leese, leider van deManchester gemeenteraad zegt dat zijdie moeten reizen gedurende belasteuren hun bestemming 20% eerderzullen bereiken. Er komt een publiekeconsultatie procedure in GrootManchester, wanneer de regeringaccoord gaat met het schema. Tot zover lijkt het alleen te gaan om auto’sen er zijn plannen om geld te besteden aan ander vormen vantransport. NGV’s zijn uitgezonderd vandeze regels.

June 3, 2008

I have been in the energy businessfor 48 years and the NGV andEnvironmental business for the last16 of those years.

The last seven years in our business have been an unbelievablesuccess story for the industry.And with oil at 130 $/Bbl and theworld FINALLY recognising the environmental, geopolitical and theever ending growth challenges weface (example is the BRIC countriesgrowth), NGV’s are being recognized as one of the solutionsto the world’s energy and environmental problems.

Natural Gas Vehicles appeared onthe scene as a practical alternativeto gasoline and diesel poweredvehicles during the Second WorldWar. It took 60 years to grow theworld wide NGV population to only1.7 million vehicles by 2001.Those of us who have been in the

industry for a long time, rememberwell all the efforts expended todevelop standards, vehicles, fuelinginfrastructure, industry associations,government support and an awareness of the many benefits ofNGVs compared to conventionalfuelled vehicles. These activitiessuccessfully positioned the industryfor the rapid growth that we arenow enjoying today.

Between 2001 and today something happened to drive theNGV population to over 7 millionvehicles, an astounding annualgrowth rate of 26%.

So, what happened? Many countries in the world finallybecame aware that NGVs were animportant part of the solution tothe major global challenges.Specifically:

s They improve energy choice flexibilitys They improve security of energysupplys They improve world economicstability (dampen oil price fluctuations)s They improve balance of paymentss They can use renewable energy(biomethane)

By John Lyon

IANGV Past President


Info from the InternationalAssociation for Natural Gas Vehicles

TOMASETTO ACHILLE S.A.ARGENTINA

Bronze

IANGV Sponsors

Gold

s They reduce greenhouse gasesby 25%s They reduces harmful vehicleemissionsToday’s industry projections showthat at a conservative growth rateof 18% per year, there will be 65million NGVs by 2020, representing9% of the world’s vehicle populationand reducing oil demand by 7 million barrels per day.

In addition to readily available vehicle conversion packages, agrowing number of automobilecompanies are realizing the hugepotential market and are now producing excellent and competitivenatural gas vehicles.

Many gas producing and gas delivery companies are now recognizing that by 2020 NGVs willrepresent a 400 billion cubic meterper year market (16% of today’stotal world gas demand).Aggressive market developmentstrategies by these energy companies are key to the successof the NGV industry.

All the elements are in place forthe continued rapid growth of theNGV industry, however there issubstantial competition from other

John Lyon remarks at openingceremony of NGV2008 in Rio


fuels and many roadblocks thatmust be overcome. In order toachieve our objective of 65 millionNGVs by 2020, we as an industrymust work diligently together toprovide the market with what itneeds and to ensure the marketplace is aware of the benefits ofNGVs. Specifically:

s Governments must implementand support long term NGV (natural gas and biomethane)strategiess Vehicle OEMs should increaseproduction of NGVs and continue todevelop new modelss We need to increase availabilityof economic, reliable, safe and environmentally friendly vehicle conversionss We need to aggressively developthe CNG refueling infrastructures The natural gas industry needsto develop strategies to aggressivelyadvance the use of NGVs: A 400billion M³ per year market.

Industry associations are critical tothe success of NGV’s rapid growth.The IANGV is the “umbrella” association for the industry whichworks with Regional and Nationalassociations to achieve the industry’s objective

IANGV OBJECTIVEGrow NGV market share to 9%(65M NGVs) of worldwide vehiclepopulation by 2020 through:

s Government lobbying and policyassistances Providing industry information tomembers and stakeholderss Standards development, harmonization, and disseminations Organizing industry conferences,including our own conference heldevery two years (Rio 2008, Rome2010, South Korea 2012)s Collecting relevant statistical datas Facilitating technical informationexchanges Marketing and industry awareness activities

It is critical that the NGV industrydoes everything it can to contributeto an improved world environment

Thank you


In Italy, mobility – and traffic inparticular, is one of the mosturgent problems facing citizens.What policies have the city andGTT adopted to rationalize trafficand reduce environmental impact?The policies adopted by the city andGTT to resolve traffic problems andmobility in general coincide perfectlyin our common attempt to find anefficient solution. Traffic is a seriousproblem to which GTT aims to find aconcrete answer by using all thetools at its disposal. First of all, weneed to remember a few facts: 8tram services on 200 km of tracks,80 road services covering a total of1,100 km and one metro service,which in a few years will cover 13.6km (currently 10 km) are a goodstarting point with regard to publictransport, since they amount toaround 640,000 journeys a dayusing our facilities. As a percentage,this means around 30% of all journeys are made using publictransport: a figure that is similar toin other major Italian cities withmuch bigger metro systems, butwhich still needs to grow. We areworking not just to complete Line 1of the metro and thus increase ouroffer in terms of numbers, but alsoto improve efficiency, for example,with the management and control oftraffic and transport through the useof “infomobility” services, which willenable an overall reduction in congestion and an improvement inpublic transport performance. Fromthis perspective, the policies of themunicipal government – which

include more lanes for restrictedvehicles and, above all, effective controls using electronic accessdevices- have already led to a 10%increase in the speed of public transport in all controlled areas.Our future efforts will be to improvethe provision of real-time informationfor users, a more convincing andaggressive commercial strategystressing the advantages of publictransport both in economic termsand from a lifestyle point of view.

What is the policy of a majortransport company with regard tothe environment?The Turin Transport Group aims toguarantee and satisfy mobilityrequirements while at the same timeprotecting the right to a better quality of life with a clean and healthyenvironment. Respecting people andthe environment in which they liveand work are factors which provideGTT with an opportunity to achievestrategic growth and pursue thecompany’s development objectives.To this end, GTT is committed todeveloping its own activities in linewith the requirements and principlesof environmental management standard ISO 14001. It goes withoutsaying that these theories need tobe backed by concrete examples: themetro, controlled by the VAL (LightAutomatic Vehicle) system is withoutdoubt the most important innovationof the last few years. It is automatedand provides such excellent standards of security and comfortthat as many as 80,000 people use

it every day, in other words customers who have opted for anefficient and state-of-the-art publicservice. Tram Line 4 is the other biginvestment made by the City of Turin.It goes from north to south, connecting peripheral districts andpassing through the city centre. The trams are modern, comfortableand offer a high level of quality. The introduction of this new line hasallowed us to acquire 10,000 newcustomers a day, 10,000 peoplewho have decided to leave their carsat home and use the new publictransport system. Moving on to road transportation,we need to remember the NGV project. In fact, Turin is the Italiancity with the highest number of natural gas buses: 285 units in all.Natural gas is the fuel that gives offthe least pollution, and at GTT weare also working on gas refuelling byintroducing facilities in Turin organised in such a way as to makeeven this type of motoring competitive. These are facilities thatcan be used for refuelling privatecars as well as public transport vehicles. Furthermore, there are 23electric buses in use on the city network (Line Star 1 and 2) withzero emissions and an inductivecharging system which were initiallylaunched as prototypes offering ashuttle service between park-and-ridecar parks and the centre of the city.The attention paid by GTT in establishing an effective environmentalprotection policy is also evident inthe reduction in energy consumption

The Italian OEM methane vehicles market is #1 in the world. In2006, 24,220 NGVs were sold directly by the manufacturers.During 2007 the amount rose to 59,619 –an increase of145,4%. (Corriere de la Sera, Federmetano). From January to end ofApril 2007 the new registered NGVs were 20,176 and in thesame period of this 2008, 26,001: a further increase of 30%.(ANFIA, The GVR). This reality makes the national media to informabout the boom, explaining it mainly to environmental (free circulation) and economics (fuel price as well as incentives). In this frame will be held the II WorldFair of NGV, biogas and H2V in Fiera Lingotto, Turin, next 25-27 September, under thepatronage of Regione Piemonte, Provincia di Torino, Città di Torino, Consiglio Nazionale dellaRicerche, Politecnico di Torino and ISO-CUNA. One of the main supporters of the event is GTT, TurinTransport Group. Giancarlo Guiati, GTT President, gave us his opinions in an interview.

Turin is the Italian city with the highest number of natural gas buses


and the complete conversion of allthe heating systems of the facilitiesto run on natural gas.

What is GTT’s position withregard to the use of natural gas,biogas and hydrogen?As already mentioned, Turin has thebiggest fleet of buses running on natural gas, which goes to show howconvenient NGV propulsion is to ourservice. We launched the project in2001 with a limited number ofbuses (100) but which has permittedindustrial production by Irisbus.Natural gas has a number of guaranteed advantages: it is a fuelwhich is formed ecologically, withoutthe need of any type of refining, it

does not pollute like other vehiclefuels, it is not transported by roadfrom refineries to service stations,which helps to reduce pollution fromheavy traffic and it is the least polluting fuel in terms of toxics andnoise. These are just some of thereasons that have persuaded GTT tocontinue with its NGV transportationpolicy by expanding the size of itsfleet. Biogas has never been used, noteven experimentally. But hydrogen, isa different matter. After long andcomplicated experiments, a hydrogenbus entered regular service in Italyfor the first time during the Olympicsand Paralympics and the following

Giancarlo Guiati

GTT numbers

® Urban and suburban buses inTurin and 26 other localities®Railroad transport (33 cities)Automatized Metro (the first in Italy)®Turin parking (50,000 vehicles)®190 million passengers/year5400 employees (of which 2800drivers)®930.1 million euro in investments for 2008-2010

months. The experimental serviceenabled the hydrogen bus to travelall round the centre of the city. Byentering into regular service, the“hydrogen bus” project has achievedits main objective. Above all, itenabled a new bill to be passed in Italywhich will make it easier for others toundertake new experiments.

GTT is a sponsor of the II WorldFair of NGVs and H2Vs, which willbe held in Turin from 25 to 27September this year. What areyour expectations of this initiative?It is without doubt an initiative which,apart from the commercial aspect,is intended to create more awarenessfor themes concerned with the linkbetween transportation and the environment, the impact of the firston the second, the development ofnew technologies for providing a better quality of life, both in terms ofcomfortable travel and environmentalprotection. It is important to understand the studies, technologiesand research methods being used inthe sector to help it remain at theforefront of innovation and thereforeprovide a solid support to bodiessuch as GTT, which over the yearshas shown itself to be fully aware ofthe use of vehicles of this type.


The world economic developmentrequires more and more mobilitywhich in turn translates into expansion of world transportationsystem, increase of hydrocarbon fuelconsumption, further air pollution, oilreserves depletion, and finally fuelprices. There are a number of vital questions and problems in the globaltransportation market. How long willoil and gas proven reserves last?What fuel is most required? Arethere real commercially viable alternatives to oil-based fuels? Whatare the most promising NGV markets in the world? Some of thosequestions are rhetorical now. Some still remain unanswered andchallenging.Analysis of various informationsources may bring the reader intopessimism. It is almost impossible tofind a single figure that would bequoted internationally from one trustworthy source into another.After a long approximation we cameto the following figures: recoverableoil reserves are estimated to have2.16 trillion barrels (Tb); proven oilreserves – 1.11 Tb. As far as natural gas is considered recoverablereserves may have 316.5 trillion cm,whereas proven reserves arebelieved to be about 166. trillion cm.In the recent 50 years the world oilmarket has witnessed a number ofoil prices rises and falls. NGVRUShas put the question "When will oilcost $US 100 per barrel?" only twoyears ago. We expected this mighthappen by the end of 2008. Wewere wrong. The barrel of oilreached the $US 100 price tag bythe end of December 2007. Since 2001 the oil price grew fivetimes from $US 22 to $US100/barrel in a relatively short historical period.How long mineral oil will remain theprimary source of commercial energy? No one will give a correctanswer. However, we have a chance

CNG-Fuel #1 for 150 years anddecades to come

By Eugene Pronin

Director, Gasificationand Use of GasDirectorate,Gazprom, Russia

to follow the pattern. At dawn of oilera (mid XIX century) it took 1 barrelof oil to produce 50 barrels. Todaythe energy return is 5 barrels of produced oil per each barrel consumed. Does it mean that weproduce ten times less oil? No. Itmeans that we spend ten timesmore energy and money then earlier.Once the energy return equals 1:1,there would no more business senseto produce mineral oil. The growth of financial, energeticand environmental costs of oilinevitably involves adequate changeson gasoline and diesel retail markets. Natural gas is not anexception and its local retail pricesare also climbing up. However in themajority of the NGV nations the average CNG price makes 30% to60% of the oil based fuels.The environmental benefits of naturalgas compared to diesel or gasolineare proved for many years now.There is no soot in the natural gasengine exhaust. NOx, CO and CHemissions of gas engines, both dedicated and dual-fuel (natural gas -diesel) are lower than those of theoriginal models. In 1998 theSwedish scientists have demonstrated that from environmental point of view naturalgas is 75% safer than diesel and50% safer than gasoline. Compared to engines that use traditional oil-based transportationfuels, methane engines are 60% to80% less detrimental for the Earthozone layer and cause 50% less acid

rains or 25% less green-house effect.In a nut shell, natural gas – com-pressed or liquefied – is and for thecoming 30 years will continue beingthe best available and commerciallyviable alternative to gasoline, dieseloil, aviation kerosene and even LPG. Hydrogen, DME, GTL, biomethaneand other natural or manufactureshydrocarbons will be exotic andexpensive local fuels for many yearsfrom now, because of the amount ofenergy required to produce them.Today even with an oil price at a'100 US$ - per - Barrel' level all thehydrocarbon alternatives except forCNG and LPG are way too expensivefor the end customer.Russia has no immunity to air pollution, oil depletion or sky-rocketingprices. We learned thinking in termsof energy security 70 years ago. Atthose years Russian, Italian, Germanand Dutch engineers started experimenting with CNG. It would bewrong to state that the mentionedcountries were the first to use natural gas.Natural gas keeps working since 6thcentury before Christ, when it wasused in ancient China for cookingand heating. By the way the Chinesemade the first known bamboo gaspipelines. It is also known thatZoroastrians had been using the natural gas Eternal Flames in theirtemples and shrines centuries ago.Today Russia holds the 12th place inthe world in terms of NGV population.We now have 95 thousand NGVsand 221 CNG filling stations. Thesales of compressed natural gas forvehicles grow about 25 % each year.

n average monthly consumption ofCNG in Russia is about 26 millionnormal cubic meters. To secure the sustainable development of the national NGVmarket into the near future Gazpromhas developed a program accordingto which it has to commission by2015 additional 200 filling stationsand 90 mobile refueling units. 1700new jobs will become available. 40new vehicle conversion/servicingand cylinder requalification shops willbe built. Getting back to history, one has torecall that Etienne Lenoir created thefirst practical internal combustion


engine in 1858. I.e. 150 years ago.That very first engine used coal gasas a fuel. Later on in 1860 hadpatented his engine. Lenoir's ideaswere later used by Nikolaus Otto,Eugen Langen, Paul Heinlein to create new on-road and airbornevehicles.In September 2008 in Moscowthere will be the 6th InternationalGASSUF Trade Show. This yearGazprom will also host an NGVConference dedicated to EtienneLenoir's first gas engine. The conferencewill be preceded by the NGV convoyfrom Saint-Petersburg to Moscow.We invite the NGV community toparticipate in those events.

Next year, a big international NGVevent will be held in Madrid, Spain.Under the theme “Towards a cleanand sustainable mobility”, the exhibition and conference will be heldfrom Wednesday 17th – Friday 19thJune 2009, at Pavilion 1 of theMadrid Fair. This happenings willbring together the activities of NGVAEurope and the 3rd World Fair ofNGV, Biogas and H2V. NGVA Europe is the association thatgather institutions and companieswhich support the use of natural gasin transport sector. It will presentthe most important forum of thisregion, and brings a high quality conference and topics with depthwhich are allowed through the experiences that the association has. On the other hand, the expo represents the continuity of the successful fairs in Bolzano (2005)and Turin (2008), displaying the latest technologies and services fora clean, technically proved andaffordable transport.


The selected venueMadridThe stakeholders of the capital cityof Spain endorse participation ofactivities with an environmentally-friendly approach. Hundreds ofbuses, taxis, and refuse trucksalready operate on natural gas on itsstreets and broad avenues. NG is

also used in vehicles for airporttransport and also in other applications units. Numerous projects of public fueling stationssoon will be incorporated in existingfuel supply network. The concernsand work of local administrations inthe environmental field, along withinnovations from OEMs and the

Leading type 4 cylinder technology

and complete storage systems

• Transit busses, trucks and passenger cars

• Gas transportation and stationary storage

• CNG and hydrogen

COMPOSITES MOVE MORE GAS

www.rafs.no

GNV 2009 Madrid, internationalconference and exhibition

FCC refuelling station in Madrid


Towards a clean and sustainable mobility

17-19JUNIOJUNE

2009Feria de MadridMadrid FairPabellón 1 Pavilion 1

[email protected]

Hacia una movilidadlimpia y sostenible

Un evento de An event of

Organizado por Organized by

industry targeted on reducing emissionsare expressed and strengthened in GNV2009 Madrid. An event that contributesto the hosting-city candidate of the2016 Olympic Games.

SpainMadrilenians are not alone in thiscommitment. In Spain, natural gas isused in over 1,400 public servicevehicles, which are facilitated by 35refuelling stations. The idea ofIberian Blue Corridors for LNG HDVsis really growing. The application ofnatural gas in vehicles in Spainavoids the yearly emission of 23tonnes CO, 300 tonness NOx and17 tonness of particulate matterinto the atmosphere, in addition to7,000 tonness CO2, and the dis-placement of 31 M litres of dieseloil. Barcelona, Valencia and morethan 15 cities already benefit fromthis efficient alternative energy.

EuropeEU standards lead to continue emissions reduction generated bytransport. Additionally, natural gas is aneffective, abundant and safe alternativefuel for the transport sector. Most vehicle manufacturers in theregion produce NGVs in differentsizes and applications. Fuelling stations network in Europe expandssteadily, whereas the equipmentmanufacturers produce and exportat global level. In several countries,the employment of biogas as well asresearch and development of hydrogen for vehicles worth noticing. Currently, NG refueling stations canbe find in 1,044 European cities, itmeans that 50% of the “methanisedcities” in the world is located inEurope. The constant rise in oil pricebroaden the road to energy alternatives.

Contact: [email protected];www.gnv2009madrid.com


Info from the United States

NGV Purchasing Cooperative

CALSTART (a non-profit organization that works withthe public and private sectors to develop advancedtransportation technologies) is partnering with otherNGV stakeholders to create a Natural Gas VehicleCooperative Purchase Program to coordinate the highvolume purchase of light- and medium-duty vehicles bypublic and private fleets. It is proposed to conductthis program mostly within California, but will includeArizona and Nevada to increase potential demand,with the possibility of expanding it beyond these statesif this effort is successful and if there is funding available. The Cooperative will assist fleets in “greening” their fleets with cleaner alternative fuel vehicles at affordable prices. In addition, theCooperative wants to aggregate large enough numbersto incentivize dealers and manufacturers to not onlyparticipate in the Cooperative, but help them expandthe market for these vehicles. Although all major

OEMs except Honda have left the natural gas vehicle market, the void has been filled with lowervolume manufacturers who supply EPA or CARBcertified engines and vehicle upfits. However, availability and type of product is not always well-known by fleets, nor are the low volume manufacturers’ and upfitters’ products as readilyaccepted by fleets. There also is the challenge ofhigher cost from lower volumes and single orders.The value of driving higher volumes, seeking commonalities to simplify production and reducecost, and trigger competition can serve to re-energize the natural gas vehicle market, speedthe number of cleaner vehicles on the road anddecrease air pollution problems in these states.The NGV Cooperative is currently developing bidspecifications for dealers and will publish purchasingguidelines for fleets later in 2008. Membership is simple, free, and open to all fleets.


Honda Announces H2 Fuel Cell Vehicles

On Monday,Honda's newFCX Clarity, a zero-at-thetailpipe-emissionhydrogen fuelcell car, rolledoff a Japanese production lineand is headedto southern California.Honda expects to lease out a "few dozen" units thisyear and about 200 units within three years. InCalifornia, a three-year lease will run $600 amonth, which includes maintenance and collisioncoverage. For the Clarity's release in California,Honda said it received 50,000 applications throughits website but considered only buyers living nearhydrogen fuel stations in Torrance, Santa Monicaand Irvine. Initially, the Clarity will go only to a chosen few starting July and then launch in Japanthis fall. The FCX Clarity is produced at the Honda’s NewModel Center in Japan. A new dedicated fuel cellvehicle assembly line was established, whichincludes processes unique to a fuel cell vehiclesuch as the installation of the fuel cell stack andhydrogen tank. The fuel cell stack itself is producedat Honda Engineering Co., Ltd.

Tel: +44 (0) 1895 457 553Enquiries to:

[email protected].

www.halehamilton.com

Dispenser ManifoldsPriority Fill ManifoldsPressure

RegulatorsRelief Valves & Manifolds

Dispenser ManifoldsPriority Fill ManifoldsPressure

RegulatorsRelief Valves & Manifolds


RHPS has always focusedon the manufacturing andsupply of pressure regulators for high flowand high pressure applications, says SalesManager Wouter Pronk.The majority of the RHPSpressure regulators areused in the general industry. Also the nichemarkets of the clean gassystems, the medicalworld, the semiconductorindustry, the military andaerospace industry and thepharmaceutical industrybecame important for theCompany. The last 10years the alternative fuelsindustry, and especially the(CNG) market became veryimportant for RHPS.Wouter Prong explainswhere to use RHPS pressure regulators, safety

relief valves and priorityvalves:• To control the inlet pressure of the compressor• To control the inlet pressure in several stagesin the compressor• To control filling of threebank system with priorityvalve• To control the backpressureover gas dryers• To control maximum filling pressure• Relief valve on maximumfilling pressure• Monitor regulator onmaximum filling pressure• Temperature compensationof maximum filling pressure• To prevent pressureshocks in dispenser andcompressor with differentialpressure regulator• To reduce pressure topilot-pressure for actuators.

• To reduce high flow low-pressure CNG in mother daughter systems• Safety relief valvesbetween stages in compressors• Dome loaded pressureregulators between storageand dual dispensers

StockRHPS carries a large stockof parts. We assemble toorder in order to remainflexible.

TestingEach and every pressureregulator is tested at highand low pressures.

QualityRHPS is an ISO9001:2000 approvedcompany regarding designand manufacturing of pressure control valves.

RHPS made the first stepsin the CNG market inSweden Gothenburg some10 years ago.

After Sweden, we jumpedto the south of Europe,Italy, the largest CNG market in Europe. TheRHPS representative RTIdid a good job in the ItalianMarket. It was in Italy thatRHPS supplied the firstlarge quantities of pressure regulators forCNG applications. TheRHPS pressure regulatorsbecame specified in filling

stations by Italian governmental regulations. The next step wasGermany, where RHPSstarted to supply to theErdgas Mobile project.

From that moment the useof pressure regulators inCNG applications startedto spread over the world,from South America,North America to Asia.By now we –concludedWouter- are supplyinghundreds and hundreds ofpressure regulators toSouth America andPakistan.

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Typical RHPS’ CNG regulator

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"Today's solution for a better transport"12th Conference and Exhibition of the International Association for Natural Gas Vehicles -IANGV

June 8-10, 2010New Rome Fair, Pavilions 9, 10 and outdoor area – Italy

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RHPS pressure regulators for high flow and high pressure applications


The compressor manufacturerFornovogas, from Reggio Emilia, Italy,informed that this is the fourth yearin a row that they redouble theirturnover.According to the Head of the company, Ferdinando Bauzone, apartfrom NGV global growth, the reasons for the success of the firmlie in the fact that “our product isreally flexible: the Gasvector DA 300model, for instance, works with 0-70 bar aspiration pressure, with45-400 KW rated power delivering300-5,000 Nm3/h, whereas the SA200 operates with 0-200 bar pressures, 22-55Kw and produces50-2,000 Nm3/h”.These compressors –Bauzone continues- are the more compact inthe market, non-lubricated (ecological) and extremely quiet.Their installation, also, is very simple since they do not vibrate: our customers are surprised that,even with the machine working, one

can place a coin on its side on the compressor and…. it does not fall!Our experience of over 40 years,even as refueling stations operators, tells us that our task is to

ease the lives of those who sell CNGand this is widely attained by usingour compressors: we are expanding steadily in Europe, AsianSouth East.

Four years in a row of 100% growth

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Bauzone statement: “ We see the things in a different way… your way.”

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Dal 25 al 27 settembre 2008September 25-27, 2008

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NGV’s statistics balanceBest growth in NGV population by number

Best growth in fuelling station population by number

NGV x 1.000Round up figures

World’s top 10 NGV countries

Best growth in fuelling station population by % Best growth in NGV population by %

www.ngvgroup.com • Visit the biggest NGV portal in the world

Last ten years evolution

Argentina 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007NGVs 365.591 418.916 480.764 544.748 630.548 755.671 879.587 1.164.839 1.348.126 1.459.236 1.429.973 1.678.230Stations 515 570 646 770 871 982 1.049 1.152 1.330 1.494 1.636 1.744CNG sold (MNm3) 1.092 1.270 1.412 1.508 1.681 1.851 2.041 2.649 3.062 3.186 3.061 245Brazil 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007NGVs ... ... ... ... ... 284.751 380.515 642.844 826.364 1.052.295 1.325.823 1.467.219Stations ... ... ... ... ... 265 506 667 905 1.206 1.411 1.575CNG sold (MNm3) ... ... ... ... 251 635 959 1.340 1.573 1.937 2.305 215Germany 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007NGV 1.059 2.040 3.245 (*) 6.829 10.509 14.420 19.105 27.175 38.933 54.772Stations 30 50 120 130 250 350 400 500 630 720CNG sold in MWh 132.472 165.127 239.871 325.546 424.697 527.314 685.836 963.204 1.400.000Italy 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007NGV (LDVs) 260.000 260.000 260.000 263.119 296.358 327.643 344.306 335.205 326.104 358.488 410.000 432.900Stations 262 276 281 298 323 344 402 456 498 535 589 609CNG sold (MNm3) 310 330 335 340 400 448 448 442 442 468 520 588Sweden 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007NGVs 204 657 1.079 1.374 1.725 2.000 3.309 4.248 5.298 7.897 11.511 14.536Stations 3 7 12 15 18 21 29 35 47 62 70 115CNG and CBG sold (Nm3x1000) 9.862 11.335 13.950 16.678 20.125 25.434 28.872 35.450 43.856 4.500Switzerland 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007NGVs 20 30 60 80 100 150 350 650 1.250 1.965 3.313 5.830Stations 3 3 7 13 14 20 26 37 50 64 78 97CNG and CBG sold (Nm3x1000) 220 451 840 994 1.575 1.859 2.281 3.054 4.422 658

Peru Iran Bulgaria Bangladesh Thailand Armenia Colombia Switzerland Pakistan China2007 23.958 611.516 40.255 160.000 55.864 96.100 251.688 5.830 1.650.000 200.8732006 4.656 148.392 12.500 50.530 21.799 47.688 138.000 3.313 1.000.000 127.120

Peru Bulgaria Thailand Iran Pakistan India Colombia Bangladesh Switzerland Armenia2007 22 56 166 347 1847 325 313 200 97 1722006 3 17 76 179 965 198 202 149 70 128


Notes Numbers of cars/LDVs in Czech Republic andSwitzerland were estimated for end year 2007 figures.In the other vehicles section, Czech Rep.ublic has 19forklifts and 2 ice resurfacers, New Zealand has 6tractors, 3 motorbikes, 12 motorcaravans, and 16forklifts.

Worldwide NGV statistics

Rough estimate due to lack of precise data in many marketsNm3: Normal cubic metreTWh: Terawatt hours (10^18 Watt)PJ: Peta-Joule (10^15 Joules)Mtoe: Million tonnes of oil equivalent

Probable annual magnitude of worldconsumption of methane as a vehicle fuel

BillionNm3 TWh PJ Mtoe %

Total 24,4 243 877 20,0 100,0Cars 15,9 159 573 13,7 65,3Buses 6,4 63 230 5,5 26,2Trucks 1,5 14 52 1,2 5,0Other 0,6 6 22 0,5 2,6

CountryNatural Gas Vehicles Refuelling stations

VRAAverage monthlygas consumption

(MNm3)Last update

Total Cars/LDVs MD/HD Buses MD/HD Trucks Others Total Public PrivateUnder construc-

tionArgentina 1.703.156 1.703.156 1.771 1.771 32 232,09 April 2008Pakistan 1.650.000 1.599.960 40 50.000 1.923 1.923 200 January 2008Brazil 1.532.844 1.532.844 1.624 1.624 7 207,69 May 2008India 821.872 315.200 12.000 715 493.957 325 6 319 60 52,00 March 2008Iran 730.107 727.442 2.653 12 402 380 22 758 April 2008Italy 432.900 430.000 2.100 800 609 574 35 80 199 49,00 March 2007China 336.062 95.545 45.321 100 195.096 561 453 108 1 193,33 January 2008Colombia 251.688 175.384 13.800 9.660 52.844 377 377 1 45,00 March 2008Bangladesh 180.000 46.602 1.553 8.355 123.490 229 6 223 13 13 21,36 April 2008Ukraine 120.000 7.000 30.500 29.500 53.000 224 204 20 46,00 December 2007Armenia 101.352 69.971 9.831 19.626 1.924 214 9 205 8 23,80 March 2008USA 100.000 86.500 11.000 2.500 1.100 1.100 4.347 55,00 December 2007Russia 95.000 18.000 8.000 35.000 34.000 222 214 8 5 8 24,00 December 2007Bolivia 92.468 92.468 115 115 46 23,50 April 2008Egypt 87.733 58.370 5.367 3.356 20.640 115 111 4 18 30,00 March 2008Thailand 78.775 67.043 3.247 6.818 1.667 202 178 24 82 June 2008Germany 64.454 50.620 1.444 11.900 490 781 781 804 10,76 December 2007Uzbekistan 47.000 47.000 43 43 4,25 December 2007Venezuela 44.146 44.146 148 148 8,15 December 2006Bulgaria 40.255 40.000 200 20 35 56 56 15 7,00 December 2007Japan 34.203 13.168 1.402 18.481 1.152 327 294 33 680 March 2008Malaysia 28.405 28.309 90 6 60 58 2 85 10 11,00 September 2007Peru 32.419 32.408 11 31 31 3,17 March 2008Korea 15.523 137 15.097 289 121 121 13 December 2007Sweden 14.536 13.407 760 369 115 86 29 21 4,50 December 2007Canada 12.140 9.500 240 0 2.400 101 85 16 3.745 December 2007Myanmar (Burma) 10.900 2.902 6.373 1.625 20 20 December 2006Tajikistan 10.600 10.600 53 53 4,13 December 2007France 10.150 7.500 2.000 650 125 15 110 1.290 March 2007Chile 8.064 8.055 9 15 15 1 3,20 December 2007Kyrgyzstan 6.000 6.000 6 6 0,60 December 2007Switzerland 5.830 5638 138 54 97 95 2 6 117 0,66 December 2007Belarus 5.500 5.500 25 25 3,00 December 2007Moldova 5.000 5.000 14 14 1,00 December 2007Trinidad & Tobago 3.500 3.500 10 10 0,80 December 2006Mexico 3.037 3.037 3 3 2 22 0,02 October 2005Georgia 3.000 3.000 4 4 December 2007Turkey 2.567 2.564 3 6 2 4 1 0,40 December 2007Indonesia 2.453 1.755 238 210 250 9 9 3 March 2008Australia 2.453 130 1.263 1.060 146 127 19 130 March 2007Spain 1.526 122 760 611 33 35 1 34 21 2,00 August 2007Poland 1.470 800 240 430 28 28 5 19 0,76 December 2007Singapore 1.102 1.086 12 2 2 1 1 2 December 2007Austria 1.022 1.020 0 2 98 48 50 30 58 0,15 March 2007Czech Republic 1.000 750 213 7 30 29 17 12 5 69 0,31 April 2008Netherlands 858 740 95 15 8 16 14 2 10 428 June 2008Latvia 500 30 10 187 273 4 4 11 December 2007United Kingdom 448 101 14 333 19 18 1 115 0,62 March 2007Greece 416 0 416 0 1 1 December 2007Portugal 379 36 314 29 6 6 4 May 2007Slovakia 337 102 220 15 7 6 1 2 0,62 April 2007United Arab Emirates 305 305 0 0 2 1 1 March 2007Belgium 300 300 9 4 5 60 November 2005New Zealand 283 180 66 37 14 14 March 2007Finland 250 145 95 10 9 8 1 1 11 0,375 December 2007Norway 180 70 110 9 4 5 December 2007Croatia 130 130 1 1 0,01 December 2007Algeria 125 125 3 3 October 2004Luxembourg 115 79 36 4 2 2 2 0,06 June 2007Hungary 122 30 92 3 3 December 2007Serbia 210 208 2 7 4 3 4 0,015 December 2007Ireland 81 81 2 2 1 September 2003Iceland 77 65 2 10 1 1 0,03 December 2007Nigeria 60 60 2 2 May 2005Macedonia 50 7 43 1 1 0,02 March 2007Lichtenstein 41 15 26 1 1 0,10 February 2007Philippines 36 11 25 3 1 2 February 2006Tunesia 34 32 2 1 1 October 2007Bosnia & Herzegovina 7 7 3 0 3 2 February 2007Lithuania 7 2 5 0 10 0,008 October 2007Montenegro 6 6 0 1 1 March 2006Mozambique 4 4 1 1 May 2007Taiwan 4 4 1 1 April 2005Tanzania 3 3 July 2007Dominican Republic 1 1 1 May 2007Total 8.737.581 7.370.010 177.486 151.132 1.038.953 12.652 11.322 1.329 1.401 12.292 1.070,48 June 2008


Cities with CNG refuelling stations

Europe Worlwide


Country's share of the world's total NGVs and fuelling stations

Country Number of cities Last update

Germany 530 Dec. '06Argentina 316 Apr. '08Brazil 255 May '08Iran 182 Apr. '08Russia 172 Aug. '07Italy 150 Dec. '06China 74 Sept. '04Colombia 55 Oct. '05Pakistan 50 Apr. '08Armenia 37 Mar. '08Thailand 37 May '08Korea 34 May. '05Sweden 30 Dec. '04Austria 30 Dec. '06France 26 Aug. '02Venezuela 26 Dec. '06Switzerland 19 Dec. '07Czech Republic 18 Oct. '07Egypt 16 Apr '06Spain 13 Jan. '06Bulgaria 12 Mar. '06Trinidad & Tobago 11 Dec. '07India 8 Oct.' 06Bangladesh 8 Nov. '05Finland 7 Dec. '07Netherlands 6 Oct. '05Malaysia 6 Oct. '06Bolivia 6 Apr. '08Slovakia 6 Apr. 07Chile 5 Dec. '07United Kingdom 5 Nov. '04Portugal 5 Jul. '04Norway 3 Oct. '04Hungary 2 Aug. '02Luxembourg 2 Jan. '06Mexico 2 Jun. '05Turkey 2 Aug. '04Serbia 5 Dec. '07United Arab Emirates 2 Oct. '06Peru 2 Apr. '08Croatia 1 Oct. '05Iceland 1 Oct. '05Liechtenstein 1 Sept. '04Macedonia 1 Jan. '05Philippines 1 Oct.'05Singapore 1 Jul. '05Taiwan 1 Apr'. 05Total 2.182

1.110

2.182


Last updateTotal

% of total NGVsin the world

Total% of total fuelling sta-

tions in the worldArgentina 1.703.156 19.49% 1.771 14.00% March 2008Pakistan 1.650.000 18.88% 1.923 15.21% January 2008Brazil 1.532.844 17.54% 1.619 12.80% March 2008India 821.872 9.41% 325 2.57% March 2008Iran 730.107 8.36% 402 3.18% April 2008Italy 432.900 4.95% 609 4.82% March 2007China 336.062 3.85% 561 4.44% January 2008Colombia 251.688 2.88% 377 2.98% March 2008Bangladesh 180.000 2.06% 229 29 April 2008Ukraine 120.000 1.37% 224 1.77% December 2007Armenia 101.352 1.16% 214 1.69% March 2008USA 100.000 1.14% 1.100 8.70% December 2007Russia 95.000 1.09% 222 1.76% December 2007Bolivia 92.468 1.06% 115 0.91% February 2008Egypt 87.733 1.00% 115 0.91% March 2008Thailand 78.775 0.90% 202 1.60% May 2008Germany 64.454 0.74% 781 6.18% December 2008Uzbekistan 47.000 0.54% 43 0.34% December 2007Venezuela 44.146 0.51% 148 1.17% December 2006Bulgaria 40.255 0.46% 56 0.44% December 2007Japan 34.203 0.39% 327 2.59% March 2008Malaysia 28.405 0.33% 60 0.47% September 2007Peru 32.419 0.37% 31 0.25% March 2008Korea 15.523 0.18% 121 0.96% December 2007Sweden 14.536 0.17% 115 0.91% December 2007Canada 12.140 0.14% 101 0.80% December 2007Myanmar (Burma) 10.900 0.12% 20 0.16% December 2006Tajikistan 10.600 0.12% 53 0.42% December 2007France 10.150 0.12% 125 0.99% March 2007Chile 8.064 0.09% 15 0.12% December 2007Kyrgyzstan 6.000 0.07% 6 0.05% December 2007Switzerland 5.830 0.07% 97 0.77% December 2007Belarus 5.500 0.06% 25 0.20% December 2007Moldova 5.000 0.06% 14 0.11% December 2007Trinidad & Tobago 3.500 0.04% 10 0.08% December 2006Mexico 3.037 0.03% 3 0.02% October 2005Georgia 3.000 0.03% 4 0.03% December 2007Turkey 2.567 0.03% 6 0.05% December 2007Indonesia 2.453 0.03% 9 0.07% March 2008Australia 2.453 0.03% 146 1.15% March 2007Spain 1.526 0.02% 35 0.28% August 2007Poland 1.470 0.02% 28 0.22% December 2007Singapore 1.102 0.01% 1 0.01% December 2007Austria 1.022 0.01% 98 0.77% March 2007Czech Republic 1.000 0.01% 29 0.23% April 2008Netherlands 858 0.01% 16 0.13% June 2008Latvia 500 0.01% 4 0.03% December 2007United Kingdom 448 0.01% 19 0.15% March 2007Greece 416 0.00% 1 0.01% December 2007Portugal 379 0.00% 6 0.05% May 2007Slovakia 337 0.00% 7 0.06% April 2007United Arab Emirates 305 0.00% 2 0.02% March 2007Belgium 300 0.00% 9 0.07% November 2005New Zealand 283 0.00% 14 0.11% March 2007Finland 250 0.00% 9 0.07% December 2007Norway 180 0.00% 9 0.07% December 2007Croatia 130 0.00% 1 0.01% December 2007Algeria 125 0.00% 3 0.02% October 2004Luxembourg 115 0.00% 4 0.03% June 2007Hungary 122 0.00% 3 0.02% December 2007Serbia 210 0.00% 7 0.06% December 2007Ireland 81 0.00% 2 0.02% September 2003Iceland 77 0.00% 1 0.01% December 2007Nigeria 60 0.00% 2 0.02% May 2005Macedonia 50 0.00% 1 0.01% March 2007Lichtenstein 41 0.00% 1 0.01% February 2007Philippines 36 0.00% 3 0.02% February 2006Tunesia 34 0.00% 1 0.01% October 2007Bosnia & Herzegovina 7 0.00% 3 0.02% February 2007Lithuania 7 0.00% 0 0.00% October 2007Montenegro 6 0.00% 1 0.01% March 2006Mozambique 4 0.00% 1 0.01% May 2007Taiwan 4 0.00% 1 0.01% April 2005Tanzania 3 0.00% 0.00% July 2007Dominican Republic 1 0.00% 1 0.01% May 2007Total 8.737.581 100.00% 12.647 100.00% June 2008


Worldwide fuel prices Ratio price differential of NG to other fuels

Notes: (a): In these countries the local gauge unit is Euro/kg,the conversion factor depends on the normal density ofgaseous natural gas in each country. Otherwise, the conversion factor used to convert kg to Nm3 is 0.73.(b): In Brasil, Korea and Egypt diesel is only allowed in heavyduty engines, buses and trucks.(c): In Austria, the fuel taxes since 1-1-2004 are 0.066Euro/m3 for CNG, 0.302 Euro/lt for diesel (containing max.10mg/kg sulphur) and 0.417 Euro/litre for unleaded gasoline.The highest gasoline price for ROZ100 is 1,26 Euro/litre (theabove premium price i(d): VAT and additional fuel taxes are included in premium andregular gasoline price. For CNG price, VAT is already included;there is no additional tax for CNG.(e): Premium and regular gasoline contain 25% alcohol. The price of aditive gasoline is 0.67 Euro/litre. Alcohol forvehicles cost is 0.33 Euro/litre.(f): Bulgarian CNG price is 0,45 Euro/kg. The normal density ofCNG in Bulgaria is 0.71 kg/Nm3, the energy content is 9.3kWH/Nm3. Gasoline energy conten is 8.79 kWH/litre and9.83kWH/litre for diesel.(g): Exclusive annual taxi's patent fee. Private owners = 786US$/year (647 Euro/year).Commercial fleet= 360 US$/year(296 Euro/year). (h): For all the above fuels, 19% VAT is applicable. Additionaly,there is a special tax for each litre or m3 fuel consists of 32%for unleaded gasoline, 10% for diesel, and 15% for CNG.(i): Normal density of CNG in Croatia is 0.753 kg/m3. LNGprice in October 2007 was 15.40 CZK/litre.(j): The excise tax for premium gasoline is not yet incorporated.The excise taxes for regular gasoline, diesel and CNG areincluded. Also, 22% VAT is included in the CNG price. (k): In May 2005, CNG price was first made public in Finland.Before, CNG was only sold to private fleets.Normal density of

1 NM3 CNg is 0.73 kg.(l): CNG prices include VAT but no other taxes. Owners of dieselvehicles weighing more than 10 metric tons must pay an extratax in Iceland, depending on vehicle weight and milage.(m): Iranian fuel energy contents: CNG= 13.9kWH/kg =10.78kWH/m3; diesel = 10.44 kWH/litre; gasoline =9.79kWH/litre. The normal density of CNG is 0.775kg/Nm3.(n): Italian CNG's normal density is 0.72 kg/Nm3. CNG price is0.80 Euro/kg. The energy contents are: CNG=9.3kWh/m3 and13 kEh/kg; diesel=9.7 kWh/lt; gasoline=8.7 kWh/lt. LPG pricein Dec. 06 was 0.60 Euro/litre.(o): The 5% VAT is not yet included. Normally, CNG pricedepends on the consumption volume of the customers. The fuelenergy contents are: CNG=15,4kWh/kg=12,5kWh/Nm3; gasoline=9.6kWh/litre; diesl=10.6kWh/litre. The normal densityof NCG is 0.81kg/Nm3.(p): There is no excise duty on CNG consumption. VAT is included in the CNG price.(q): The market was liberalised on January 1st, 2004. CNGprice increased from 0.45 Euro/m³ to 0.55 Euro/m³(r): The normal density of 1 Nm3 CNG is 0,76 kg in Serbia andMontenegro. The price of LPG is 0.45 Euro/litre and 0.88Euro/litre for EURO diesel in March 2006.(s): The normal density of 1 Nm3 CNG in Singapore is 0.76 kg.CNG price is exclusive 7% GST.(t): Slovak's fuel retail prices include 19% VAT(u): The normal density of 1 Nm3 CNG in Spain is 0.796 kg;fuel energy content (pcs) of CNG is11.77kWh/Nm3=14.79kWh/kg; for diesel is 10.26kWh/litreand for gasoline is 9.23kWh/litre. CNG price in March 06 was0.707 Euro/kg. LNG price was 0.50 Euro/kg without(v): The annual road tax in Sweden is about 500 Euro higher fordiesel cars (varies by vehicle weight) than for gasoline cars.This higher road tax compensates lower fuel taxes on diesel.

CNG cars have the same annual road tax as gasoline cars. CNG energy cont(w): The normal density of Swiss biogas and CNG is 0.79 kg/Nm3. Energy content of CNG is 10.3kWH/Nm3 and 13.04kWh/kg, 1 litre diesel is9.81kWh/litre and 1 litre gasoline is 8.97kWh/litre. Biogas price in Cot. 07was 0.98 Euro/kg = 0.77 Euro/Nm3 (x): Thai's CNG normal density is 0.98 kg/Nm3.The energy contents are:CNG=10.53 kWh/Nm3, gasoline=9.42 kWh/litre, diesel=10.76 kWh/litre.(y): All taxes included. Fuel energy content in Turkey: CNG = 10.24 kWH/Nm3;diesel = 9.95kWH/litre; gasoline = 8.93 kWH/litre; LPG = 7.15kWH/litre. LPG priceis 0.75 Euro/litre in November 2005. Normal density of CNG is 0.7172 kg/Nm3.(z): VAT inclusive. The taxes are 0.69 Euro/litre for ultralow sulphur unleadedpetrol/diesel, 0.75 Euro/litre for conventional unleaded petrol, 0.77 Euro/litrefor diesel, 0.39 Euro/litre for bio-diesl and bio-ethanol, and 0.09 Euro/Nm3 forCNG. The normal de (a1): The local gauges in the US are gallon (diesel andgasoline) and GGE (gallon equivalent gasoline for CNG). The conversion factor is1 US gallon = 3.79 litre.

Notes: This calculation in this table was made based on the ratiobetween CNG and the respective oil prices. Also, the energy content of each fuels in each country was taken into consideration.

Assumption made for fuel price calculation

CH4 content in natural gas is 97%CNG energy content is 9.6 kWh/Nm3Gasoline energy content is 8.6 kWh/litreDiesel energy content is 9.85 kWH/litreThese conversion units are used in CNG price equivalent to gasoline and diesel, except the exact units of each countries are notified in the foot notes.


CountryPremiumGasoline

(Euro/litre)Regular Gasoline

(Euro/litre)Diesel

(Euro/litre)CNG

(Euro/Nm³)CNG price equiv-

alent per litregasoline

CNG priceequivalent per

litre dieselArgentina 0,49 0,42 0,36 0,17 0,15 0,17Armenia 0,79 0,73 0,71 0,27 0,24 0,28Austria (a,c) 1,16 1,15 1,06 0,82 0,73 0,84Bangladesh 0,52 0,49 0,34 0,10 0,09 0,10Belarus 0,69 0,55 0,55 0,27 0,24 0,28Belgium 1,34 1,33 1,04 0,50 0,45 0,51Bolivia 0,51 0,39 0,16 0,14 0,16Bosnia & Herzegovina (d) 0,81 0,64 0,74 0,25 0,22 0,26Brazil (b,e) 1,05 0,98 0,73 0,53 0,47 0,54Bulgaria (a, f) 1,14 1,04 1,05 0,45 0,43 0,48Canada 0,39 0,30 0,20 0,18 0,21Chile (g) 0,56 0,56 0,34 0,22 0,20 0,23China 0,48 0,43 0,40 0,26 0,23 0,27Colombia (h) 0,91 0,67 0,62 0,56 0,64Croatia (a, i) 1,05 1,01 0,92 0,33 0,30 0,34Czech Republic (j) 1,15 1,09 0,56 0,50 0,57Egypt (b) 0.19 0,13 0.08 0,06 0,05 0,06Finland (k) 1,37 1,33 1,13 0,72 0,65 0,74France (a) 1,48 1,37 1,15 0,58 0,52 0,60Germany (a) 1,42 1,22 1,33 0,67 0,54 0,69Iceland (l) 1,47 1,39 1,41 0,90 0,81 0,92India 0,91 0,94 0,67 0,39 0,35 0,40Indonesia 0,56 0,50 0,62 0,19 0,17 0,19Iran (m) 0,110 0,080 0,013 0,016 0,015 0,015Italy (n) 1,32 1,21 1,10 0,58 0,54 0,60Japan (o) 1,02 0,96 0,83 0,46 0,35 0,39Korea (b) 1,18 1,18 0,44 0,39 0,45Kyrgyzstan 0,46 0,40 0,32 0,23 0,21 0,24Latvia 0,79 0,82 0,23 0,21 0,24Liechtenstein 0,95 0,93 0,95 0,80 0,72 0,82Luxembourg 1,08 1,06 0,87 0,58 0,52 0,60Malaysia 0,54 0,37 0,50 0,17 0,15 0,17Mexico 0,47 0,43 0,34 0,20 0,18 0,21Moldova 0,50 0,43 0,18 0,16 0,18Netherlands (a) 1,73 1,68 1,46 0,51 0,46 0,52Norway 1,48 1,43 1,32 0,46 0,41 0,47Pakistan (a) 0,65 0,46 0,31 0,28 0,32Philippines 0,62 0,57 0,53 0,24 0,22 0,25Poland (p) 1,03 0,99 0,92 0,29 0,26 0,30Portugal (q) 1,13 1,07 1,01 0,55 0,49 0,56Russia 0,55 0,46 0,48 0,19 0,17 0,19Serbia (a, r) 1,18 1,18 1,14 0,43 0,38 0,44Singapore (a, s) 0,82 0,81 0,59 0,36 0,32 0,37Slovakia (t) 1,15 1,12 1,10 0,57 0,51 0,58Spain (u) 1,20 1,09 0,98 0,56 0,44 0,49Sweden (v) 1,19 1,16 1,11 1,04 0,83 0,93Switzerland (a, w) 1,13 1,10 1,20 0,86 0,75 0,82Tajikistan 0,55 0,45 0,21 0,19 0,22Thailand (a, x) 0,71 0,63 0,61 0,18 0,16 0,18Trinidad & Tobago 0,36 0,33 0,18 0,14 0,13 0,14Turkey (y) 1,70 1,60 1,26 0,78 0,68 0,76Ukraine 0,44 0,40 0,40 0,15 0,13 0,15United Kingdom (z) 1,38 1,28 1,34 0,64 0,57 0,66U.S.A. (a1) 0,63 0,75 0,33 0,29 0,46Uzbekistan 0,49 0,34 0,34 0,11 0,10 0,11Venezuela 0,093 0,055 0.002 0,002 0,002

Country CNG/PremiumGasoline

CNG/RegularGasoline CNG/Diesel

Argentina 31.08% 48.45%Armenia 30.62% 33.13% 39.02%Austria 63.33% 63.88% 79.37%Bangladesh 17.23% 18.28% 30.18%Belarus 35.05% 43.98% 50.37%Belgium 33.43% 33.68% 49.33%Bolivia 28.10% 42.09%Bosnia & Herzegovina 27.65% 34.99% 34.66%Brazil 45.22% 48.45%Bulgaria 37.35% 40.94% 45.30%Canada 45.94% 68.40%Chile 35.19% 35.19% 66.39%China 48.52% 54.17% 66.69%Colombia 61.03% 94.95%Croatia 28.15% 29.27% 36.80%Czech Republic 43.62% 52.71%Egypt 28.29% 41.35% 76.95%Finland 47.08% 48.50% 65.38%France 35.11% 37.93% 51.75%Germany 38.03% 44.26% 51.81%Iceland 54.85% 58.00% 65.49%India 38.39% 37.17% 59.72%Indonesia 30.39% 34.04% 31.44%Iran 13.21% 18.16% 121.06%Italy 40.82% 44.53% 54.62%Japan 34.64% 36.80% 47.00%Korea 33.40% 38.26%Kyrgyzstan 44.79% 51.51% 73.75%Latvia 26.08% 28.78%Liechtenstein 75.44% 77.06% 86.40%Luxembourg 48.11% 49.02% 68.40%Malaysia 28.20% 41.16% 34.89%Mexico 38.12% 41.67% 60.36%Moldova 32.25% 42.95%Netherlands 26.46% 27.25% 35.91%Norway 27.84% 28.82% 35.76%Pakistan 42.72% 69.15%Philippines 34.68% 37.72% 46.46%Poland 25.22% 26.24% 32.34%Portugal 43.60% 46.05% 55.87%Russia 30.95% 37.00% 40.61%Serbia 32.45% 32.45% 38.48%Singapore 39.33% 39.81% 62.61%Slovakia 44.40% 45.59% 53.17%Spain 36.60% 51.38% 49.81%Sweden 69.60% 71.40% 83.69%Switzerland 66.28% 68.09% 68.26%Tajikistan 34.20% 47.88%Thailand 22.68% 25.56% 30.15%Trinidad & Tobago 34.84% 38.01% 79.80%Turkey 40.01% 42.51% 60.15%Ukraine 30.54% 33.59% 38.48%United Kingdom 41.55% 44.79% 49.00%U.S.A. 46.87% 61.17%Uzbekistan 20.11% 28.98% 33.20%Venezuela 1.93% 3.73%

European NGV statistics



Fuel prices in Europe Notes: (a): In these countries the local gauge unit is Euro/kg, the conversion factor depends on the normal density of gaseous natural gasin each country. Otherwise, the conversion factor used to convert kg toNm3 is 0.73.(b): In Austria, the fuel taxes since 1-1-2004 are 0.066 Euro/m3 forCNG, 0.302 Euro/lt for diesel (containing max. 10mg/kg sulphur) and0.417 Euro/litre for unleaded gasoline.(c): Normal density of CNG in Croatia is 0.753 kg/m3. CNG price inOctober 2005 is 0.43 Euro/kg.(d): The excise tax for premium gasoline is not yet incorporated. Theexcise taxes for gasoline, diesel and CNG are included. Also, 22% VAT isincluded in the CNG price. (e): In May 2005, CNG price is first made public in Finland. Before, CNGis only sold to private fleets.(f): CNG prices include VAT but no other taxes. Owners of diesel vehiclesweighing more than 10 metric tons must pay an extra tax in Iceland,depending on vehicle weight and milage.(g): Italian CNG's normal density is 0.72 kg/Nm3. CNG price is 0.80Euro/kg. The energy contents are: CNG=9.3kWh/m3 and 13 kEh/kg;diesel=9.7 kWh/lt; gasoline=8.7 kWh/lt. LPG price in Dec. 06 was 0.60Euro/litre.(h): CNG prices include VAT but no other taxes. Owners of diesel vehiclesweighing more than 10 metric tons must pay an extra tax, depending onvehicle weight and milage.(i): There is no excise duty on CNG consumption in Poland. VAT is includ-ed in the CNG price.(i): The market was liberalised in Portugal on January 1st, 2004. CNGprice increased from 0.45 Euro/m³ to 0.55 Euro/m³(j): There are three kinds of premium gasoline: Super Gasoline (SG) 98octane, SG 95 octane and Premim Gasoline (PG) 95 octane. For diesel,Serbia & Montenegro has Diesel (D2) and Euro Diesel (ED).(k): Slovak's fuel retail prices include 19% VAT(l): The normal density of 1 Nm3 CNG in Spain is 0.796 kg; fuel energycontent (pcs) of CNG is 11.77kWh/Nm3=14.79kWh/kg; for diesel is10.26kWh/litre and for gasoline is 9.23kWh/litre. CNG price in March 06was 0.707 Euro/kg. LNG price was 0.50 Euro/kg wi(m): The annual road tax in Sweden is about 500 Euro higher for dieselcars (varies by vehicle weight) than for gasoline cars. This higher road taxcompensates lower fuel taxes on diesel. CNG cars have the same annualroad tax as gasoline cars.(n): Biogas price inSwitzerlad in July 07was 1.00 Euro/kg and 1.15Euro/litre for biodiesel (5% biofuel) .The normal density of biogas and CNGis 0.79 kg/Nm3. (o): All taxes included. (p): VAT exclusive.


VRAAverage monthlygas consumption

(MNm3)Last update

Total Cars/LDVs MD/HD Buses MD/HD Trucks Others Total Public Private Under con-struction

Italy 432.900 430.000 2.100 800 609 574 35 80 199 49,00 March 2007Ukraine 120.000 7.000 30.500 29.500 53.000 224 204 20 46,00 December 2007Armenia 101.352 69.971 9.831 19.626 1.924 214 9 205 8 23,80 March 2008Russia 95.000 18.000 8.000 35.000 34.000 222 214 8 5 8 24,00 December 2007Germany 64.454 50.620 1.444 11.900 490 781 781 804 10,76 December 2007Uzbekistan 47.000 47.000 43 43 4,25 December 2007Bulgaria 40.255 40.000 200 20 35 56 56 15 7,00 December 2007Sweden 14.536 13.407 760 369 115 86 29 21 4,50 December 2007France 10.150 7.500 2.000 650 125 15 110 1.290 March 2007Switzerland 5.830 5638 138 54 97 95 2 6 117 0,66 December 2007Belarus 5.500 5.500 25 25 3,00 December 2007Moldova 5.000 5.000 14 14 1,00 December 2007Georgia 3.000 3.000 4 4 December 2007Turkey 2.567 2.564 3 6 2 4 1 0,40 December 2007Spain 1.526 122 760 611 33 35 1 34 21 2,00 August 2007Poland 1.470 800 240 430 28 28 5 19 0,76 December 2007Austria 1.022 1.020 0 2 98 48 50 30 58 0,15 March 2007Czech Republic 1.000 750 213 7 30 29 17 12 5 69 0,31 April 2008Netherlands 858 740 95 15 8 16 14 2 10 428 June 2008Latvia 500 30 10 187 273 4 4 11 December 2007United Kingdom 448 101 14 333 19 18 1 115 0,62 March 2007Greece 416 0 416 0 1 1 December 2007Portugal 379 36 314 29 6 6 4 May 2007Slovakia 337 102 220 15 7 6 1 2 0,62 April 2007Belgium 300 300 9 4 5 60 November 2005Finland 250 145 95 10 9 8 1 1 11 0,375 December 2007Serbia 210 208 2 7 4 3 4 0,015 December 2007Norway 180 70 110 9 4 5 December 2007Croatia 130 130 1 1 0,01 December 2007Hungary 122 30 92 3 3 December 2007Luxembourg 115 79 36 4 2 2 2 0,06 June 2007Ireland 81 81 2 2 1 September 2003Iceland 77 65 2 10 1 1 0,03 December 2007Macedonia 50 7 43 1 1 0,02 March 2007Lichtenstein 41 15 26 1 1 0,10 February 2007Bosnia & Herzegovina 7 7 3 0 3 2 February 2007Total 957.076 710.046 57.669 99.568 89.793 2.829 2.288 541 178 3.244 179,44 June 2008

CountryPremiumGasoline

(Euro/litre)

RegularGasoline

(Euro/litre)

Diesel(Euro/litre)

CNG(Euro/Nm³)

CNG price perlitre gasoline

CNG price perlitre diesel

Austria (a,b) 1,16 1,15 1,06 0,82 0,73 0,84Belarus 0,69 0,55 0,55 0,27 0,24 0,28Belgium 1,34 1,33 1,04 0,50 0,45 0,51Bosnia & Herzegovina (d) 0,81 0.64 0,74 0,25 0,22 0,26Bulgaria (a) 1,14 1,04 1,05 0,45 0,43 0,48Croatia (a, c) 1,05 1,01 0,92 0,33 0,30 0,34Czech Republic (d) 1,15 1,09 0,56 0,50 0,57Finland (e) 1,37 1,33 1,13 0,72 0,65 0,74France (a) 1,48 1,37 1,15 0,58 0,52 0,60Germany (a) 1,42 1,22 1,33 0,67 0,54 0,69Iceland (f) 1,47 1,39 1,41 0,90 0,81 0,92Italy (g) 1,32 1,21 1,10 0,58 0,54 0,60Latvia 0,79 0,82 0,23 0,21 0,24Liechtenstein 0,95 0,93 0,95 0,80 0,72 0,82Luxembourg 1,09 1,07 0,88 0,58 0,52 0,60Moldova 0,50 0,43 0,18 0,16 0,18Netherlands (a) 1,73 1,68 1,46 0,51 0,46 0,52Norway 1,48 1,43 1,32 0,46 0,41 0,47Poland (h) 1,03 0,99 0,92 0,29 0,26 0,30Portugal (i) 1,13 1,07 1,01 0,55 0,49 0,56Russia 0,55 0,46 0,48 0,19 0,17 0,19Serbia (a, j) 1,18 1,18 1,14 0,43 0,38 0,44Slovakia (k) 1,15 1,12 1,10 0,57 0,51 0,58Spain (l) 1,20 1,09 0,98 0,56 0,44 0,49Sweden (m) 1,19 1,16 1,11 1,04 0,83 0,93Switzerland (a, n) 1,13 1,10 1,20 0,86 0,75 0,82Turkey (o) 1,70 1,60 1,26 0,78 0,68 0,76Ukraine 0,44 0,40 0,40 0,15 0,13 0,15United Kingdom (a, p) 1,38 1,28 1,34 0,64 0,57 0,66

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