STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, MANAGEMENT OF RESOURCES

and OVER CONSUMPTION

OLAGUER, MAI NICOLE R.III-B BSMT

STATE OF THE PHILIPPINE ENVIRONMENT

Credits: Department of Environment and Natural Resources

SECTION 16 ARTICLE II, 1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION

“The State shall protect and advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature.”

ENVIRONMENT FRAMEWORK

1. Improved conservation, protection and rehabilitation of natural resources

2. Improved environmental quality for a cleaner and healthier environment

3. Enhanced resilience of natural systems and improved adaptive capacities of human communities to cope with environmental hazards including climate related risks

ENVIRONMENT FRAMEWORK

Philippine Development Plan: 2011-2016

FORESTRY

Situationer:

• Philippine forest at 7.2 M ha or 24% of country’s land area

• 8 M ha of forestlands degraded (26% of land area)

Forest Management

Government Actions:

• Total log ban in natural forests to conserve & protect (E.O. 23)

• Created National Anti-Illegal Logging Task Force

Forest Management

• Confiscated 10.6 M bd. ft. of logs/lumber valued at P 317 M

• Filed 269 cases for illegal logging

• Closed 215 wood processing plants

Government Actions:

Forest Management

• Established National Greening Program, biggest reforestation in Philippine history (E.O. 26)

Plant 1.5 B trees in 1.5 M ha in 6 years (27.8% higher than past 50 years).

For 2011, target is 50 M trees in 100,000 ha.

Government Actions:

Forest Management

CLEAN AIR

• Total Suspended Particulates (TSP) in Metro Manila is 166 micrograms/normal cubic meters (μg/Ncm) in 1st half of 2010

84% beyond standard of 90 μg/Ncm (WHO)

Other polluted cities: San Fernando, Calapan, Cebu, Zamboanga, Davao

Situationer – Major urban centers are polluted

Clean Air

• 80% of pollution due to vehicular emissions

• Per WB, 18M Filipinos exposed to air pollution, with health cost & loss of income of P 7.6 B/year

Situationer – Major urban centers are polluted

Clean Air

Government Actions:

More stringent air emission standards for Compression & Spark-Ignition Engines (motorcycles & tricycles)

• Strengthened enforcement & regulations

Agreement with Earth Day Network to make EDSA “Linis Hangin Zone.” (cellphone to catch smoke-belchers)

Clean Air

DENR, LTO, MMDA, etc. worked to reduce traffic & ensure compliance with emission testing to reduce vehicular emissions

Government Actions:

• Strengthened enforcement of regulations

Clean Air

• Strengthened enforcement of regulations

Developed program with ADB to provide credit for conversion of tricycle engines to electric

Government Actions:

Clean Air

• As of June 2011, pollution reduced by 32% from 166 to 113 μg/Ncm.

Government Actions:

Clean Air

1st Sem 2010 2nd Sem 2010 1st Sem 20118090

100110120130140150160170180

166

133.5

113

90

Total Suspended Particulates (TSP) Level

ActualStandard

TSp

leve

l (ug

/Ncm

)

CLEAN WATER

• Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), or demand for oxygen in water, for 19 major rivers in 2010 at 27 milligrams/liter, 4x the standard at 7 mg/L

Clean WaterSituationer – Waterways/esteros in major urban centers unfit for human activity

Government Actions:

Initiated “Adopt an Estero Program”

Before After

Estero de Paco, Manila (ABS-CBN Foundation)

Clean Water

Before After

Estero de Paco, Manila

Adopt an Estero Program

Government Actions:

Clean Water

Before After

Estero de Paco, Manila

Adopt an Estero Program

Government Actions:

Clean Water

226 Major companies have adopted waterways

nationwide (Examples: Jollibee, San

Miguel Foundation, Toyota, Masinloc Power Corp.)

Adopt an Estero Program

Government Actions :

Clean Water

• Reduced solid wastes

Required Philippine Plastic Industry to develop program for retrieval/collection/ recycling of plastics

Launched “Reusable Bag Campaign for Greener Environment” with major malls & supermarkets

Government Actions:

Clean Water

• Reduced solid wastes

Agreement with 11 Metro Manila LGUs for solid waste management systems in subdivisions/ condominiums. Initially, 4,717 homeowners associations identified

Government Actions:

Clean Water

GEOHAZARD

• Philippines is prone to natural disasters due to geographical location & geological attributes: landslides, flooding, earthquakes, tsunami, etc.

Situationer:

Geohazard

• Completed geo-hazard mapping of all provinces/ cities/municipalities at 1:50,000 scale

• Distributed 65,000 map sheets to all LGUs

• More detailed mapping started for 88 landslide-prone cities/municipalities (scale of 1:10,000)

Government Actions:

Geohazard

• Conducted coastal geohazard assessment of 46 coastal municipalities

MINERAL REFORMS

• Started cleansing of idle mining applications under “use it or lose it” policy. Additional 5.2 M ha have been opened for new and serious investors, resulting from cleansing/denial of 2,136 pending and idle mining applications (97% of total)

• Suspended acceptance and processing of new mining applications to ensure successful implementation of the on-going cleansing of mining applications

Mineral Reforms Situationer:

Mineral Reforms

• Cleansing the remaining idle mining applications under the “use it or lose it” policy.

Government Actions:

AGRICULTURE

Situationer:

Agriculture

Government Actions:

• Seminars• Cloud seeding

Agriculture

GOOD GOVERNANCE

• Removed opportunities for graft and corruption

Policy shift to donate confiscated logs/lumber to DepEd, instead of auctiono Donated 2.282 M bd. ft. of confiscated logs/lumber to

DepEd, LGUs, and other government offices (additional 5.5 M bd.ft. for donation)

o Produced 9,699 armchairs, 174 school desks, 171 tables, 55 cabinets & repaired 197 buildings (i.e., schools, chapel, mun. buildings & CENRO Offices), etc)

Government Actions:

Good Governance

• Removed opportunities for graft and corruption

Rationalized and reduced DENR checkpoints from 274 to 118 or by 57%

Government Actions:

Good Governance

• Removed opportunities for graft and corruption

Installed 902 Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) cameras up to field offices

Eliminated face-to-face transactions

Government Actions:

Good Governance

• Strengthened prosecution and justice system

Strengthened capacities of DENR personnel, prosecutors & judges through trainings with the Supreme Court

Government Actions:

Good Governance

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT &

MANAGEMENT OF RESOURCES

The only rational way of planning the country's national progress is through sustainable development: meeting the needs of citizens of today without limiting the options of future generations to fulfill their needs. It is development without destruction; it is the achievement of material progress without compromising the life-support functions of natural systems; it is the pursuit of higher levels of quality of life while preserving or even enhancing environmental quality. It is the only true development.

Sustainable Development

• Sustainable development underpins the long-term stability of an economy • Meeting the needs of the present without sacrificing the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (World Commission on Environment, 1987) • Encourages growth in the economy while promoting environmental protection from the pressures of such economic growth

Sustainable Development

Sustainable development stresses the need to view environmental protection and economic growth as mutually compatible. This implies that growth objectives should be compatible not only to the needs of society but also to the natural dynamics and carrying capacities of ecosystems. The goal of the PSSD is to achieve economic growth with adequate protection of the country's biological resources and its diversity, vital ecosystem functions, and over-all environmental quality.

Goal

GENERAL STRATEGIES

• Integration of Environmental Considerations In Decision-Making

• Proper Pricing of Natural Resources• Property Rights Reform• Establishment of an Integrated Protected Areas

System• Rehabilitation of Degraded Ecosystems

• Strengthening of Residuals Management in Industry (Pollution Control)

• Integration of Population Concerns and Social Welfare In Development Planning

• Inducing Growth In the Rural Areas• Promotion of Environmental Education• Strengthening of Citizens' Participation and

Constituency Building

OVER CONSUMPTION

THE STRUGGLE FOR THE

ENVIRONMENTIS THE STRUGGLE FOR

THEPEOPLE.