oh betari box is not just a square

P bar Y Safety Consultants Alberta Canada

Oh Betari Box is not just a Squarein Law Enforcement Training!

How is your department HASAW Practice working for you!


At the end of the this training you and have the KNOWLEDGE COMPETENCY


Everything on the job comes to SAHAW

• SAHAW ( Safety and Health at Work )


THEY SAID I DID was it WRONG!• People have two ways of dealing with a situation – the Emotional

(the one that feels), and the Rational (the one that thinks). These two work together and are balanced most of the time. However, when people are particularly upset or when they feel threatened, the emotional mind takes over. This means that we lose much of our ability to rationalize and think clearly. There are a number of reasons why this can take place, and this can be the result of what is commonly known as triggers to aggression.

• The human brain reacts to fear by sending out signals to the body. These signals then release chemicals, in order to prepare our bodies for responsive action. This physiological response to fear, anger and aggression is very much due to our emotional response, and this is largely due to the ‘make-up’ of our brain.


The I or You back fire approach


EMOTIONAL V RATIONAL

Reptilian Brain• Intellectual capacity and complex thought is a feature of the development and

possessed by humans it has made us theoretically smarter than the rest of the animal kingdom. When we are out of control with anger and rage, the reptilian brain overrides the rational thought. The human body engages upon its primitive emotions, the core centre of the brain and is unable to rationalise.

Mammal Brain• The mammalian brain is the advanced development of the Reptilian brain and is also

know as ‘Neocoretex’. Reasoning, charm, sensitivity and body language all use functions af the mammalian brain when trying to resolve a conflict situation; when anger and frustration become apparent, the reptilian brain takes over and rage/violence occurs.

• Chemical changes occur when you are surprised or under stress.• Stimulation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system occurs.• Your instinct is to run (flight) or to make a stand (fight).


As Peace Officers you have INHIBITORSThings that prevent people from losing their temper.• Social or legal consequences• Self control• Personal values• Fear that the other person will

fight back• Experience• Training


Every spot in your interaction leads to another path


Frustration that leads to Anger

Anger has a similar effect on people as does fear; the body is geared up for action. Frustration leads to anger, that leads to aggression and finally that leads to violence.


Ego is always standing at the front door and egging on the event


Frustration• Typically occurs when an individuals motivated behaviour is blocked and as

a consequence they begin to behave irrationally. The response can go two ways, firstly they may use problem solving methods such as, talking to an individual to achieve a personal goal, promotion, free travel, entry into stadiums to overcome the barrier; Secondly, the individual may resort to more aggressive behaviour such as physical or verbal abuse.

Anger• Anger can be described as an emotion which arises when a threat or

conflict is about to occur, research has found that this emotion is experienced by all humans.

Studies describe three types of anger:• Self-Preservation• Deliberate• Character Traits, disliking or irritation, arrogance or instincts


Aggression• Aggression is behaviour with intent to cause harm or

pain, both physical or verbal abuse. There are two types of aggression:• Hostile, Affective and Retaliatory• Instrumental, Predatory and Goal-OrientatedViolence• Violence is best described as the exertion of physical

force to injure or abuse.• Violent Behaviour is defined as overt and intentional

physically aggressive behaviour against another person.


CUDSA the Ideas


Trigger not like Roy Rogers Horse• Triggers are often small things that, when combined with other

problems, can spark off aggression. Therefore, if a person is already feeling afraid, during an emergency or humiliated because they are being requested to be searched or evicted from the venue/stadium, it is likely that their behaviour will be aggressive towards you. This will require you to be positive in your communication skills and also assertive in your approach.

• Spectators or fans attending events may feel that somebody else is talking down to them, ignoring them or taking control of them. You need to be tactful and fair in your approach. Be firm and assertive, never let your emotions take over, always rationalize the situation and be professional in your approach. Always attempt to find the ‘win win’ solution when dealing with our customers.


Filtering is taking Place


Part of SurvivalFight or Flight• If we are seriously threatened, our bodies prepare us for flight

action by releasing adrenaline.• When adrenaline is in the body, it makes the heart pump blood

more quickly into our muscles. Our eyes open wide in order to take in as much information as possible and focus on the threat.

• Our thought process becomes less rational, and our ability to perform complex physical skills is seriously reduced. Overall, our body is geared up for a fight or flight action. This involves either standing our ground (Fight) or running (Flight).

• This fight or flight reaction is a natural animal instinct, man has had this since prehistoric times and it is this that has helped his survival.


You and the Subject are thinking MASLOW


Path Blocked or Open


Effective Communication Help


Remember your LEAPS skills

Positive communication will go a long way towards preventing conflict; you can achieve this by applying the following LEAPS :• L - Looking, listening and communicating professionally.• E - Empathy, show an understanding to the person and try

to put yourself in their situation• A - Asking questions, this will allow you to act consistently

and fairly with people.• P - Paraphrasing the facts into your own words.• S - Summarising, always consider the facts involved and

work effectively as a team, if required to do so.


Common is adding problems


Patterns are forming or falling


Type of Blocks in the wayThere are a number of reasons why there are blocks in communication:• Physical Blocks: Noise and distraction in the environment. This can be due

to a number of reasons, physical noise refers to the physical distraction within the environment, this can make it difficult to concentrate and understand what people are trying to communicate to you Some examples of the things that could cause discomfort are: stressful situation, emergency situation, excessive noise, excessive heat or distress.

• Alcohol and Drugs: This is likely to be the biggest block to communication, and the most likely source of conflict that you will encounter in your enforcement role. Alcohol and certain drugs reduce people’s inhibitions. They can affect a person’s ability to understand what is being said to them. Alcohol has a depressant effect, this results in slower reactions to normal stimulus. Alcohol and drugs can make people unreasonable and unpredictable.


You can reduce if you want• You can reduce the chance of conflict by developing self

and situation awareness. This means, that you have an understanding of your own actions and of the changing situation (your working environment).

• If self-awareness is allowing you to evaluate your own reactions, when you are stressed, frustrated or angry when confronted with a threatening situation, it is important that you can control and maintain your own self control. If we can train and develop our actions objectively we will hopefully achieve a ‘win win’ situation, without entering a conflicting situation.


You and THEM You are in the spotlightHow you will feel in a conflict situation?• In a conflict situation you may experience:• Tunnel vision• Time distortion• Dry mouth• Change in skin colour / temperature• Tremors – loss of fine motor control• Butterflies in stomach• Memory loss


In SAHAW you have SAFEThe S-A-F-E model helps us to evaluate a potentially threatening situation and choose the best response of action to be carried out:• S – Stand back – Don’t rush into potentially hazardous situations,

assessment of the situation must be undertaken.• A – Assess the threat – Identify potentially dangerous situations (refer

to SOP).• F – Find a friend – think about what assistance is available to you,

Colleagues, Stadia Response Team, Peace Officer and finally the Control room.

• E – Evaluate and then respond professionally – consider your options – decide what options are open to you and what might work for you. Stadium/Venue control will support you throughout and always attempt to keep those around you to control the situation.


SAHAW SOP ASSESSMENTS-O-P involves breaking threats down into three categories• S – Spectators/Supporters: assess the threat from the people you are

dealing with:• Are they suffering from the effects of Drugs?• Are they suffering from the effects of Alcohol?• Do the people that you are about to deal with appear to be fitter or stronger than

yourself? (Are you out numbered)• What is their emotional state? (Refer to the flashpoints previously covered)• Who are their friends or who will possibly support them?

• O – Objects or Offensive weapons: Assess the situation with regard to any objects that could be potential offensive weapons used against you at a venue or stadium event.

• P – Place/Venue/Stadium: Finally, assess the situation from the point of view of the venue locations and environments that you are operating in.


Know when to holdem Know when to foldem

Some conflict can be avoided by working pro-actively. Always avoid rushing into potentially hostile situations, as this might result in you becoming engaged in conflict, and try to approach the problem with a ‘win win’ solution, always consider the following:Be aware of flashpoints and SOP• Gather information and pass this on to customers and colleagues• Take each situation on its own merits• Work as a team – Communicate Effectively, Share Best Practice,

Share Policy and Procedure Information. • Take Ownership


You must control the four A’s not the big F

Whenever dealing with difficult situations it will help you to remember the 4A’s:• Don’t get Angry• Manage the Abuse• Maintain a positive Attitude• Be Assertive when required to do so


Like Popcorn the key is when!Signs of anger or aggression When people are becoming angry or aggressive you are likely to see some or all of the following behaviours:• Closing in – invading space• Standing squared - shoulders parallel to the person• Excessive eye contact• Pointing or a clenched fist• Head and chin pushed forward• Raised voices• Swearing and abusive language• Abuse directed towards an individual

Signals of non-aggressive behaviour• It follows that; behaviour, which shows non-aggression, consists of the following:• Comfortable distance• Relaxed shoulders• Standing to the side• Calm voice• Open hands• Normal eye contact


Attitude and Behaviour cycle• If the person recognizes

that you have negative behaviour towards them then this will in turn affect them, and as a result a negative attitude will emerge in their behaviour towards you.


Open palm first and always

Open palms gesture:• An open-handed gesture is a very powerful signal,

indicating that you don’t want to fight. It is connected to the reason why we shake hands in greeting. This originated from a time when people always carried weapons.

• When approaching someone they would show an extended and open right palm, this was to prove that they were not threatening the other person with a weapon. This gradually turned into a handshake.


PROXEMICS


Not in MY Air SpaceThe distances shown for these zones are averages and can vary quite a lot from person to person. Distances also vary between cultures. Most of us are only comfortable with close family or partners in our intimate space.• If somebody is trying to intimidate or threaten you, he or she will attempt to move into your

intimate space. The open PALMS stance will help you to maintain a more comfortable space between yourself and the other person.

• Intimate Space (0 - 0.5 metres)• Normal Space (0.5 - 1.2 metres)• Management Space (1.2 - 3 metres)

Invasion of space• Physically uncomfortable• Trapped• Unsafe• Threatened• Emotionally involved in situation


The Circle of Action and Re-action


Remember in HIGH RiskWhen attempting to resolve a conflict remember:• Maintain self control• Signal non - aggression (open palms)• Remember ‘SAFE’• Empathize• Active listening• The ‘don’t explain’ rationale• Remember ‘LEAPS’

Team work dealing with conflict situation• Remember these three step when in a team:• Positioning of your colleagues supporting you• Support , consider the location of the response or Peace Officer• Communication, Information and Anticipation, consider the 3 principles never be

complacent when dealing with a difficult situation


Use your BRAIN Constable


Danger is CLOSE by


No Time for Roses


Bryrnes Theory


Exit is not the same Ejection

Exit Strategy• Always consider an exit

strategy comprising of:• A ready made reason

to leave• A prepared exit from

danger• An option to walk away


Zones are Critical to Remember


Ejection is the last page

Exit Strategy in your SAHAW • Always consider an exit strategy comprising of:• A ready made reason to leave• A prepared exit from danger• An option to walk away


Think of OPTIONS not ACTIONSEjection Options• There will always be a number of options open to you, when dealing with a difficult

situation allow yourself to consider the following:• Do nothing; sitting on the fence is not going to be the best option especially when

trying to promote a professional image of yourself and your organisation.• Keep observing; take note of what’s taking place, identify the seat number and study

the offender. You might be required to provide an accurate description of the offending person and of the offence, which has taken place.

• Give advice and warning to the remainder of the team and also to the Supervisor.• Evaluate the situation and decide whether this is an arrestable offence or whether it

will require ejection only?• Will the Response team and the Peace Officer be required for the ejection?• Request for support i.e. the above options will possibly lead you to carrying out the

Initial action .This will require support from your Supervisor or fellow team members.


The GAP and You Constable


BAP


Everyone Talks Every One Walks

oh betari box is not just a square

Leadership & Management