oeru: pacific innovation for more affordable education for all
DESCRIPTION
Public lecture prepared for presentation at USPTRANSCRIPT
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The OER university (#OERu)
Anthony Mackintosh
Wayne Mackintosh
Pacific innovation for more affordable education for all
Commonwealth of LearningChair in OER
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USP – An outstanding open education pioneer
Public domain flags sourced from http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:SVG_sovereign_state_flags
USP
Pacific regionrepresents70% of OERuCountries
Prof James MarajFormer USP VC
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A return to tradition?
WE MUST BE FREE
WE MUST BE OPEN
Woodleywonderworks, http://www.flickr.com/photos/wwworks/1291468732/
Share, Remix, Reuse“Legitimate plagiarism? ”
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4
We don't need no education?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pink_floyd_live_8_london.jpg
Sharing to LEARN | Learning to SHARE
In the open source world,we have a few of “rock stars”In open education, is seemseveryone wants to be a rock star
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Opensource.svg Tradmark of opensource.org
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Heckert_GNU_white.svg GNU logo used under FSF permissions
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The OER Foundation
The Open Education Resource (OER) Foundation is an independent, not-for-profit organisation that provides leadership, networking and support for educators and educational institutions to achieve their objectives through Open Education.
“OER is a sustainable and renewable resource”
OERs are materials used to support education that may be freely accessed, reused, modified and shared by anyone. Stephen Downes 2011
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WikiEducator
We're turning the digital divide into digital dividends using free content and open networks. We hope you can help us.
Voted best educational wiki, Steven Downes, Dec 2007
Inaugural recipient of the award for Exemplary Open Education Resource (OER) practices
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OER is a renewable & sustainable resource
Jason Scragz http://www.flickr.com/photos/scragz/132300147/
James Woolley http://www.flickr.com/photos/xtrato/6159728957
How do we achieve sustainable OER projects?
How will your institution remain sustainablewithout OER?
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Doing the OERu numbers
Luis Argerich http://www.flickr.com/photos/lrargerich/3029485203James Cridland http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/2272701122
OERu (USQ)(OERu using
course- based portfolio)
Otago Polytechnic(Tuition cost)
USA(Median Tuition
cost 4-year public
university)
BA (Hons) US$6,759 US$19,452 US$26,312
Cost of a 4-year degree(Excluding text book and living costs)
(Note: USA figures based on Delta Cost Project for 2008)
James Cridland http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/2272701122DaveBleasdale http://www.flickr.com/photos/sidelong/3465884519/in/photostream/
“ As a founding anchor partner in the OERu, USQ is proud to give students worldwide, the ability to access university level courses and where cost has been removed as a barrier to learning.”
Jan Thomas, Vice-Chancellor USQ
OERu Model +30% of full-tuition cost (NZ U$5835; USP US$3000?)
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Smart philanthropy
Luis Argerich http://www.flickr.com/photos/lrargerich/3029485203James Cridland http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/2272701122James Cridland http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/2272701122Asenat29 http://www.flickr.com/photos/72153088@N08/6510934443/
Giving is receivingParallel learning universe|New business
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11Wayne Mackintosh, personal image
Bootstrapping OERu for future sustainability
Compelling vision aligned with core university valuesOpen source everything
Generate competitive advantage for network partners
Minimise risk – recurrent cost for OERu partners is guaranteed
Smart solutions for scalability – ie no new staff needed for growth
Design an ecosystem for mainstreaming OER
Leverage the network effect
Don't innovate on too many fronts
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Reasons for joining the OERu
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Strike the right balance
OPENeducation = SUSTAINABLE
education
OER + OEP
=
=
Quality
Cost Access
Pink Sherbet Photography: http://www.flickr.com/photos/pinksherbet/233228813/Fdecomite: http://www.flickr.com/photos/fdecomite/2361500377/in/photostream/
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Tragedy of the commons?
Richard Taylor http://www.flickr.com/photos/34094515@N00/374081831/
Will the academy remain thirsty on the village green ?
Elliot Brown http://www.flickr.com/photos/ell-r-brown/with/4328818484/
“They hang the man and flog the womanWho steals the goose from off the commonBut leave the greater villain looseWho steals the common from off the goose.”Anonymous protest poem 1764 or 1821.
Shoulders of giants …
Eben MoglenIsaac NewtonLuis SteothisBernard Shouters - Robert Merton•Anonymous note
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Appropriating the public domain
Your copyRIGHT
Statute of Queen Anne1709
© University of Auckland, Department of Anthropology, Anthropology Photographic Archive
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Sharing knowledge freely2008 Bourewa excavationsDirected by Prof Patrick Nunn
P. Nunn
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Disruptive innovation?
WE MUST BE FREE
WE MUST BE OPEN
The fundamentals stay the same … just the way we do business changes.”
Kungfuman http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kodachrome_200.jpg
June 22, 2009, Kodak announced Kodachrome would no longer be manufactured.
Findicons http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Camera_Icon.png
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ElementaryTechTeacher, http://www.flickr.com/photos/7855946@N08/3264547221/
Innovation & new technology
Ice harvesting
Once the largest industry in AmericaIn 1850 – invention of “artificial” ice makers
(Reusable) digital learning resources
Ice harvesting or new innovation?
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Red Open Education herrings
RED HERRING“rhetorical tactic of diverting attention away from an item of significance” Wikipedia
Andrew Gray http://www.flickr.com/photos/shimgray/2237055822/
Laurel Russwurm http://www.flickr.com/photos/laurelrusswurm/4132122784/#/
The sky is falling
Poor quality
(a.k.a poor qualitymaterials are embarrassing)
Slide 10
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Awareness of open education concepts
New Zealand
International
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
92%
78%
8%
22%
Yes No / Not sure
Did you know about the conceptof OER before today?
New Zealand
International
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
84%
82%
16%
18%
Yes No / Not sure
Did you know aboutCreative Commons licenses before today?
The majority of educators are aware of the concepts of OER andCreative Commons Licenses
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Reuse, use and knowledge of CC
New Zealand
International
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
92%
78%
8%
22%
Yes No / Not sure
Have you used Creative CommonsContent before?
New Zealand
International
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
84%
82%
16%
18%
Yes No / Not sure
Have you applied a Creative Commonslicense before?
Self evaluation of knowledge ofCreative Commonslicenses
New Zealand
Interational
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
48%
61%
28%
32%
24%
7%
Beginner Intermediate Advanced
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Open policy and copyright exceptions for education
New Zealand
International
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
96%
95%
4%
5%
Agree Disagree
Content funded from taxpayerrevenue should be released freelyfor use by everyone
New Zealand
International
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
72%
81%
28%
19%
Agree Disagree
It is fair and reasonable for educatorsto have unrestricted permissions toCOPY materials forteaching & learning
Majority agreement that learning materials funded from public money should be released freely and majority support for educational copyright exceptions
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Perceived barriers to OER adoption
New Zealand
International
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
12%
22%
88%
78%
Agree Disagree
I'm reluctant to share teaching materialsbecause I don't have time
New Zealand
International
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
12%
22%
88%
78%
Agree Disagree
I'm reluctant to share teaching materialsbecause there are no incentivesfor me to do so
New Zealand
International
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
0%
13%
100%
87%
Agree Disagree
I'm reluctant to use OER becausethere is no guarantee of thequality
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The business of open education
New Zealand
International
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
12%
22%
88%
78%
Agree Disagree
Education institutions which give awayteaching materials will loose their competitive advantage (e.g. reduced student registrations)
Majority opinion of educators suggests that institutions generate competive advantage through the learning services they offer (not the teaching materials)
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OERu
A model reincarnated?University of LondonExternal System
OPEN IPOPEN web
Today the original “examination-only” conceptsuddenly looks very modern – Sir John Daniel
Captain-tucker http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Danaus_plexippus_emerging_from_chrysalis_01.jpg
Derek Ramsey: WMF Commons: File:Monarch_Butterfly_Danaus_plexippus_Pupation_2419px.jpgDerek Ramsey: WMF Commons: File:Monarch_Butterfly_Danaus_plexippus_Pupation_2419px.jpg Armon: WMF Commons File:Monarch_Butterfly_Chrysalis.JPG
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The OER university concept
Adapted from Taylor 2007
Free learning opportunities for all students worldwide
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The BIG & small context
juicyverve http://www.flickr.com/photos/juicyverve/2531105062/
Unsatisfied demand
Growing OER base
Existing protocols(e.g. APL)
Francisca Uloa http://www.flickr.com/photos/alosojos/346887379/
Jimmy Flink http://www.flickr.com/photos/jimmyroq/146827389/
bucklava http://www.flickr.com/photos/9229859@N02/2762432629/
Free-tuition courses
OER cost behaviours
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Unsatisfied demand for HE
http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/613445810/sizes/m/in/photostream/
100 million additional placesBy 2025
Slide 10
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Slide 16
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Cost levers for OERu
Luis Argerich http://www.flickr.com/photos/lrargerich/3029485203James Cridland http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/2272701122
MarginalCost=ZERO
Collaborative development=Cheaper than going it alone
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So what have we got? ...
Open Access Journals
OpenCourseWare
OER and OEP
Melissa Sanders http://www.flickr.com/photos/themissiah/3491328675/Ricky http://www.flickr.com/photos/8656572@N04/4855311898/
Open Distance Learning experience
Open protocols for APL
INPUTS for the OERu logic model:
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The OER university concept
Adapted from Taylor 2007
Free learning opportunities for all students worldwide
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OERu – Logic model & plan for action
+200 participants
+46 Countries
23 Feb 2011
http://wikieducator.org/OERu
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The OERu logic model
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OERu 2011.11 meeting of anchor partners
Bachelor of general studiesPrototype courses during 2012Formal launch of the OERu 2013
OERu anchor partner decisions
160 people from41 countries
Slide 16
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The view from an OERu partner
Traditional modelTraditional model OERu model
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Open planning for open education futures
The cast of players at OERu meeting gives this event and its outcomes instant credibility
Remote Tweets: @dendroglyph
I can feel the buzz in the room in Dunedin, NZ. Let the Genie out of the bottle!
Public domain and free content images sourced from http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page
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Rules of the OERu game ...
Dawn Huczek: http://www.flickr.com/photos/31064702@N05/4697850589/in/photostream/
Credential OER learners (cost recovery)
Course credit transfer among OERu partners (for agreed credential)
Assemble minimum of 2 OER-based courses (for agreed credential)
Gold or silver member of the OER Foundation
OERTen partners agree ...
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Mechanics of OERu operations ...
Dawn Huczek: http://www.flickr.com/photos/31064702@N05/4697850589/in/photostream/
Recognition of prior learning (RPL) protocols provideprecedent for recognising OER learning, however:
- Existing RPL systems are expensive- Don't scale well.
OERu does not confer degrees (anchor partners do)
OERu anchor partners retain decision-making autonomy, eg:- Price for assessment and credential services- Local matriculation requirements- Courses and credentials provided under OERu network
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Technology requirements to set learning free
Slide 19Major Nelson: http://flickr.com/photos/majornelson/134012349/
Collaborative development environment
Support multiple delivery platforms (LMSs CMSs)
Detailed version control
Scalability
Open planning and development
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Open planning and implementation
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OERu course materials in WikiEducator
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Online and print-based delivery
Blogs LMS
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OERu learning environment
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Peer learning support
Ask OERu
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Next steps …
Recurrent cost recouped
No new money required
OERu is low cost, low risk But high IMPACT innovation
Hugiene Matters http://www.flickr.com/photos/hygienematters/4273036775/
Next steps …Calibrating sustainable innovation …
Slide 20Dongio: Watercolour painter dedicated to the public domain
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Free learning for all students worldwide
“This is not theoretical speculation,it is entirely viable.” Jim Taylor AM
You are free to join us ...
Paul (Dex) http://www.flickr.com/photos/dexxus/3146028811/
Compilation: Chad Miller, James Almond, Wayne MackintoshSee: http://wikieducator.org/File:OER-University-concept.png
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Crossing the OER chasm
Sharing to LEARN | learning to Share
OER advocates | Organisational implementation
All that is necessary for the closed and unsustainable education systems to triumph is for good organisations to do nothing. Edmund Burke (Paraphrased)
A transformational leadership dilemma ....
Embrace your responsibility to lead