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4. N*T@Z77 9P>=> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 884.1. 8.#($.(#+#4%"&+, 4:K,-.%" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

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7.5.4. 9#"%4%I, B#+&5+BI + .42$4%"&+, 0"$4&4% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222

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7.7.1. ="G&4-.3 B#"%4%4/ 14$.#+&I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –7.7.2. S"1"A+ B#"%4%4/ 14$.#+&I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243

") )B+-"&+, 0"$4&41".,23-.%" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –b) 8+-.,6".+0"5+? 0"$4&41".,23-.%" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244

7.7.3. 9"#"1+;6" B#"%4%4/ 14$.#+&I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246

8. RCE7O7!>Z7[ 9P>=> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2508.1. ="G&4-.3 2,;+.+6"5++ 12? B#"%" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –8.2. *#4%&+ 2,;+.+6"5++ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2518.3. =+1I 2,;+.+6"5++ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254

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9. S>@RUYCT7C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2709.1. O,4#+? "#;(6,&."5++ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2769.2. O,4#+? 1,64$#".++ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280

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+--2,14%"&+/ +2+ D,6+&+-.-$(J J#+-B#(1,&5+J. 3 Frank J. Law and the Modern Mind. New York, 1930; Cohen F. Transcendental

Nonsense and the Functional Approach< // Columbia Law Review. 1935. N<35. P. 823; Hägerström A. Inquiries into the Nature of Laws and Morals. Uppsala, 1953; Jaehner T. Der Mythos vom Recht und seine empirischen Grundlagen. München, 1993. S. 2, 203.

4 Kelsen H. Allgemeine Theorie der Normen. Wien, 1979. P. 206–207. 5 Grzegorczyk 8. Le droit comme interprétation officielle de la réalité<// Droits. 1989.

N 31. 6 86., &"B#.: Teubner G. Law as an Autopoietic System. Oxford, 1993. 7 T"+:42,, +0%,-.,& P. 9"(&1. 86., &"B#., ,;4 #":4.(: Jurisprudence: 5 vols. St.

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8 86., &"B#.: Broekman J. 1) Rechtsphilosophie< // Historisches Wörterbuch derPhilosophie</ Ed. J. Ritter, K. Grunder. Basel, 1992. Vol. VIII (R-Sc). P. 315–327; 2) Recht-stheorie<// Ibid. P. 342–353.

9 ) «&,4D+5+"23&46 B#"%,» -6.: Romano S. L’ordre juridique. Paris, 1975 (1-, +01. &" +."23?&-$46<— 1918< ;.); Rigaux F. Le droit au singulier et au pluriel<// Revue Interdisciplinaire d’Etudes Juridiques. 1982. N 9. P. 1–61; Griffiths J. What is Legal Pluralism?< // Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law. 1986. P. 1–41; Gijssels J. Recht, ruim bekeken. Antwerpen, 1991. P. 15–21.

10 @"$, &"B#+6,#, 12? @,230,&", " % 4B#,1,2,&&4/ 6,#, + 12? '"#." (Sum-mers R. S. Legal Institutions in H. L. A. Hart’s Concept of Law<// Notre Dame Law Review. 2000. N 75. P. 1807–1827, 4-4:,&&4 P. 1826–1827).

11 @"$, &"B#+6,#, 12? !"$-" =,:,#". 12 Jackson <. S. Law, Fact and Narrative Coherence. Merseyside, 1988. 13 Krygier M. Law as Tradition Law and Philosophy. 1986. N 5. P. 237–262.<— T"

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18 T"14 :I.3 :2";41"#&I6 ."$+6 (A,&I6, $"$ T4#:,#. '_#-.,# % E,#6"&++, $4.4#I/ 0"K+K"2, + 4A,&3 (6,24, (-."#,2(J .,4#+J, % ,;4 -2(A",< — A+-.I/ B#" %4%4/ B40+.+%+06. O"$+, (A,&I, %I-.(B"J. $"$ «-B"##+&;-B"#.&,#I», %I-&(G1"? $422,; -4%,#H,&-.%4%".3 -%4J .,M&+$( + "#;(6,&."5+J, + .,6 -"6I6 B"#"14$-"23&4 +;#"J. %"G&(J, M4.? &"B#?6(J &, %I#"G,&&(J #423 % #"0#":4.$, &4%IM (&, B40+.+%+-.-$+M) .,4#+/. O4 G, -"64, -2,1(,. -$"0".3 4 93,#, R,;#"&,, $4.4#I/, $"0"24-3, :I2 ,1+&-.%,&&I6 B#4.+%&+$46 ,%#4B,/-$4/ B#"%4%4/ +&.,-;#"5++, B41%41+%H+6 D(&1"6,&. B41 L.( B40+5+J % &"(A&4/ D4#6, + 1,2"%H+6 L.4 ."2"&.2+%4.

19 Alexy R. Begriff und Geltung des Rechts. Freiburg; München, 1992.

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20 Ladeur G. L. Perspectives on a Post-Modern Theory of Law<// Autopoietic Law. A<New Approach to Law and Society</ Ed. G. Teubner. Berlin; New York, 1988. P. 242–282 (4-4:,&&4 &" -. 247, ;1, 4& 14:"%2?,.: «T,6,5$+/ $4&-.+.(5+4&&I/ B40+.+%+06 :I2 % 4-4:,&&4-.+ B#+%+2,;+#4%"&&4/ G,#.%4/ ."$4/ B#45,1(#I»).

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23 Bergh G. C. J. J. van den. Geleerd recht. Een geschiedenis van de Europese recht - swetenschap in vogelvlucht. Deventer, 1994. P. 29–30.

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25 Taylor 8. Sources of the Self. The Making of Modern Identity. Cambridge, 1989.

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26 )B#,1,2,&+, B#"%" «$"$ +;#I» % -6I-2, «1%+G,&+? % B#,1,2"M #"6$+» (mou-vement dans un cadre) +-B42304%"2+ )-. + ="& 1, @,#x4% % 4A,&3 :2+0$46 0&"A,&++ (Ost F., van de Kerchove M. Le droit ou les paradoxes du jeu. Paris, 1992. P. 10–11).

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27 \.+6, B4-%+1+646(, ;2"%&I6 4:#"046 + 4:]?-&?,.-?, B4A,6( #"02+A&I, B41 M41I + B,#-B,$.+%I, $4.4#I, B#,1-."%2,&I % .,$-."M &" .,6( B#"%4%4/ $46-6(&+$"5++, -.423 B24M4 -44.&4-?.-? 1#(; - 1#(;46, $"$ -B#"%,12+%4 B41A,#$+%"2 QL%+1 TL2$,& (Nelken D. Law as Communication: Constituting the Field< // Law as Communication</ Ed. D. Nelken. Dartmouth, 1996. P. 3).

28 Lyons J. Semantics. Vol. I. Cambridge, 1977. P. 32.29 Habermas J. The Theory of Communicative Action. Vol. 2. Lifeworld and System:

A Critique of Functionalist Reason</ Tr. T. McCarthy. Boston, 1987. 30 Shirato T., Yell S. Communication and Culture. London, 2000.

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31 86., &"B#., .#(1I [&" F#4$6"&" + 6&4;4A+-2,&&I, B(:2+$"5++ &" L.( .,6( B#,1-."%+.,2,/ D,6+&+-.-$4/ J#+-B#(1,&5++, B#"%4%4/ -,6+4.+$+ (F,#&"#1 QG,$-4&, P4:,#." @,%,2304&) + B#"%4%4/ 6,.41424;++ (N#"&-(" W,&+, V40,D \---,#, W"$ .,# '"/1,, *42.,# %"& E,#%,&).

32 Perelman 8., Olbrechts-Tyteca L. The New Rhetoric: A Treatise on Argumentation</ Tr. J. Wilkinson, P. Weaver. Notre Dame; London, 1969; Peczenik A. Grundlagen der juristischen Argumentation. Wien, 1983; Alexy R. A Theory of Legal Argumentation: The Theory of Rational Discourse as Theory of Legal Justification</ Tr. R. Adler, D. N. Mac-Cormick. Oxford, 1989.

33 Habermas J. The Theory of Communicative Action. Vol. 1. Reason and the Rationalization of Society; Vol. 2. Lifeworld and System: A Critique of Functionalist Reason</ Tr. T. McCarthy. Boston, 1984–1987.<— 9,#%4, &,6,5$4, +01"&+,: Theorie des kommunikativen Handels. Bd. 1. Handlungsrationalität und gesellschaftliche Rationalisierung; Bd. 2. Zur Kritik der funktionalistischen Vernuft. Frankfurt/M, 1981.

34 Habermas J. Between Facts and Norms. Contributions to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy</ Tr. W. Rehg. Cambridge, 1996. P. 631.<— 9,#%4, &,6,5$4,

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+01"&+,: Faktizität und Geltung. Beiträge zur Diskurstheorie des Rechts und des demokratischen Rechtstaats. Frankfurt, 1992.

35 Habermas J. Between Facts and Norms... P. 3–4.

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37 Luhmann N. The Autopoiesis of Social Systems<// Luhmann N. Essays on Self-Reference. New York, 1990. P. 1–20; Teubner G. Law as an Autopoietic System. Oxford, 1993.

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2 Ibid. P. 36–37.

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5 = $"A,-.%, B#+6,#" -45+"23&4;4 ?%2,&+? >23D P4-- +-B42304%"2 H"M6".&(J +;#(, $4.4#"? B#,1B42";",. &,%4064G&4/ +;#( % 41+&4A,-.%,. \." +;#", ."$ G, $"$ + :423H+&-.%4 1#(;+M +;#, +6,,. -6I-2 .423$4 B#+ &"2+A++ A,24%,A,-$4;4 %0"+64-1,/-.%+?. \.4 %0"+641,/-.%+, ,-.3 &,A.4 :423H,,, A,6 -(66" +042+#4%"&&IM 1#(; 4. 1#(;" +&1+%+1("23&IM 1,/-.%+/ (Ross A. On Law and Justice. Berkeley; Los Angeles, 1958. P. 13–14).

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7 8#. c +1,?6+ )-.+&" + F,&."6" (Austin J. The Province of Jurisprudence Deter-mined and the Uses of the Study of Jurisprudence. London, 1955. P. 1–361; Bentham J. Of Laws in General. London, 1970). '4#4H,, #,0J6, +1,/ )-.+&" + F,&."6" -6. %: Cotterrell R. The Politics of Jurisprudence. London, 1989. P. 52–82.

8 Kelsen H. Pure Theory of Law. Berkley, 1967. P. 193–217.9 O"$4%" B40+5+? -$"&1+&"%-$+M #,"2+-.4%. 86., &"B#.: Hägerström A. Inquires

into the Nature of Laws and Morals. Uppsala, 1953; Lundstedt V. Die Unwissenschaftlichkeit der Rechtswissenschaft. Vol. 1. 1932.

10 O"$4%" B40+5+? "6,#+$"&-$+M #,"2+-.4%. 86., &"B#.: Holmes O. W. The Path of Law<// Harvard Law Review. 1897. P. 457–478 («9#,1-$"0"&+? .4;4, A.4 -(1I D"$-.+A,-$+ :(1(. 1,2".3, + &+A,;4 :42,, .4;4<— %4. A.4 ? #"0(6,J B41 B#"%46»).

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12 Hart H. L. A. The Concept of Law. Oxford, 1961. P. 77–96.<— =6,-., - .,6 .,#-6+&I «B,#%+A&4, B#"%+24» + «%.4#+A&4, B#"%+24» -."2+ 4:K,B#+&?.I6+ % .46 0&"A,&++, $4.4#4, % &+M %$2"1I%"2 '"#.. = 4:K,6 B#+2";".,23&I, «B,#%+A&I/» + «%.4#+A&I/» 64;(. B41#"0(6,%".3 #"02+A&I, %+1I -%?0,/: %#,6,&&(J (%.4#+A-&4, +1,. B4-2, B,#%+A&4;4); D(&$5+4&"23&(J (%.4#+A&4, 6,&,, %"G&4, A,6 B,# %+A &4,) +2+ +,#"#M+A,-$(J (%.4#+A&4, -.4+. &" :42,, &+0$46 (#4%&,, A,6 B,#%+A&4,). ) #"02+A&IM %"#+"&."M %4064G&4;4 B4&+6"&+? L.+M 4.&4H,&+/ -6.: Bobbio N. Nouvelles réflexions sur les normes primaires et secondaires<// La règle de droit</ Ed. C. Perelman. Bruxelles, 1971. P. 104–122.<— = &"-.4?K,6 +01"&++ 1"&&I, .,#6+&I +-B4230(J.-? % B#,124G,&&46 '"#.46 0&"A,&++ (D(&$5+4&"23&46) + &, B41#"0(6,%"J. +,#"#M+A&4-.+ +2+ %#,6,&&4;4 B4#?1$". T4 &, % -6I-2, «D(&$-5+4&"23&4-.+», B#,124G,&&4/ F4::+4, % #"6$"M $4.4#4/ %.4#+A&4, B#"%+24 142G-&4 :I.3 6,&,, 0&"A+6I6, A,6 B,#%+A&4,. P"0(6,,.-?, 01,-3 64G&4 %I1%+&(.3 .,0+- 4 .46, A.4 % B,#%+A&IM B#"%+2"M 0"$2JA",.-? -"6" -(K&4-.3 B#"%", +<B4-L.46( B,#%+A&I, B#"%+2" +6,J. B,#%4-.,B,&&(J %"G&4-.3. )1&"$4 :,0 %.4#+A&IM B#"%+2 6I +6,2+ :I .423$4 ."$+, &4#6".+%&I, -+-.,6I, $"$ 64#"23, &4 &, B#"%4. 94L.46( %.4#+A&I, B#"%+2" ."$ G, %"G&I 12? B#"%4%4/ -+-.,6I, $"$ + B#"%+2" B,#%+A&I,. )&+ B#4-.4 %IB42&?J. #"0&I, D(&$5++, + % L.46 -6I-2, %.4#+A&I, B#"%+2" ?%2?J.-? «6,."B#"%+2"6+»< — B#"%+2"6+ 4 B#"%+2"M. = $4&5, $4&54%, +<-"6 F4::+4 B#+-4,1+&?,.-? $ L.46( B4&+6"&+J .,#6+&4% «B,#%+A&4,» +<«%.4-#+A&4,» (Ibid. P. 112). = -%4,/ B4-2,1&,/ #":4., @,230,& B#+0&",. 1"&&4, #"0;#"&+A,&+, B,#%+A&IM + %.4#+A&IM B#"%+2 (&, 1,2"? B#+ L.46 --I24$ &" '"#." +2+ &" 1#(;+M "%.4#4%). T4 12? @,230,&" B,#%+A&I6+ ?%2?J.-? ."$G, +< -"&$5+4&+#4%"&&I, 4:?0"&&4-.+, %4024G,&&I, &" 4D+5+"23&IM 2+5 (-(1,/, A+&4%&+$4% + .. B.), B4-$423$( &4#6" % B,#%(J 4A,#,13 "1#,-(,.-? +6,&&4 +6, "<(G, B4.46, 4B4-#,14%"&&4, 4:IA&I6 ;#"G1"&"6 (Kelsen H. General Theory of Law. Oxford, 1991. P. 142–143).

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16 Kelsen H. What is justice? Berkeley, 1960. P. 268.17 86., &"B#., B#,1I1(K(J 5+.".( +0 @,230,&".

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18 9#+0&"&+, 1#(;+6+ ;#(BB"6+, 4:K,-.%"6+, ;4-(1"#-.%"6+ &, +6,,. 0&"-A,&+? % $"A,-.%, $#+.,#+?, &4 4A,%+1&4, A.4 ."$4, (&,)B#+0&"&+, 64G,. 4$"0".3 -, #3,0&4, %2+?&+, &" (&,)B#+&?.+, B#"%+2 % 1"&&46 4:K,-.%,.

19 7&.,#,-&I, +--2,14%"&+? B4 L.46( %4B#4-( :I2+ B#4%,1,&I !"$-46 =,:,#46: 12? &,;4 J#+1+A,-$"? B#4D,--+?, %$2JA"? B#,B41"%".,23-$(J + 14$.-#+&"23&(J #":4.( (A,&4;4-J#+-.", ?%2?,.-? .+B+A&I6 B#+0&"$46 #"0%+.4/ B#"%4%4/ -+-.,6I (Weber M. Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. Tübingen, 1972. S. 503–513).

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21 94 %4B#4-( #"02+A+/ 6,G1( #"0%+.I6+ B#"%4%I6+ -+-.,6"6+ % 0"%+-+64-.+ 4. #"0&IM B40+5+/ J#+1+A,-$+M B#4D,--+/ 64G&4 4:#".+.3-? $ "&;2+/-$46( 4:K,6( B#"%( % ,;4 4.&4H,&++ $ $4&.+&,&."23&46( B#"%( (Weber M. Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. S. 509–510; Caenegem R. C. van. Judges, Legislators and Professors. Chapters in European legal history. Cambridge, 1987).

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22 86. 4-4:4: Kelsen H. Pure Theory of Law. Los Angeles, 1967. P. 279–319.<— @,230,& -A+."2 4H+:4A&4/ 2J:(J +1,J 4 1("2+06, B#"%" + ;4-(1"#-.%", &, ;4%4#? (G, 4 B2J#"2+06, B#"%4B4#?1$4% % B#,1,2"M 41&4/ + .4/ G, .,##+.4#++.

23 F,&(" N#+16"& B#"%+23&4 4.6,A",., A.4 -4%#,6,&&I, %400#,&+? &" ."$+, -.42BI 641,#&+06", $"$ +&1+%+1("23&"? -%4:41", #"%,&-.%4, 1,64$#".+? + B#" %4 %4, ;4-(1"#-.%4, +6,J. 41&( 4:K(J A,#.(. E4-(1"#-.%4 (.#".+24 -%4J 5,&. #"23&(J #423, " B#"%4 (G, &, #"--6".#+%",.-? $"$ B#"%4 ;4-(1"#-.%"; L$4&46+A,-$+, B41M41I ;24:"2+0+#(J. -%4+ B40+5++, " $466(&+."#&I, .,4#++ -4-#,14.4A+%"J. -%4, %&+6"&+, &" ;464;,&&IM 4:K&4-.?M - 4:K+6+ 5,&&4-.?6+ + 4:K+6+ B#4,$."6+, .4;1" $"$ B#45,1(#&I, .,4#++ 1,2"J. "$5,&. &" 0&"A+64-.+ ;#"G1"&-$4;4 4:K,-.%" - (A,.46 %40#"-."JK,/ #42+ ;24:"2+0"5++ (Frydman B. Les transformations du droit. Bruxelles, 1999. P. 97).

24 ) #"0%+.++ B2J#"2+-.+A,-$+M (A,&+/ % C%#4B, -6.: Arnaud A. Pour une pensée juridique européenne. Paris, 1991.

25 Griffiths J. What is Legal Pluralism?<// Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law. 1986. N 56; Rigaux F. Le droit au singulier et pluriel< // Revue interdisciplinaire d’études juridiques. 1982. N 61; Sousa Santos B. Droit: une carte de la lecture déformée. Pour une conception post-moderne du droit<// Droit et société. 1988. N 10; Verdier R.Le droit au singulier et au pluriel. Juridicité et cultures juridiques<// Droits. 1990. N 73–76; Gijssels J. Recht, ruim bekeken. Antwerpen, 1991.

26 Q%, +0 .#,M 4-4:,&&4-.,/, $4.4#I,, -4;2"-&4 P"0(, M"#"$.,#+0(J. B#"%4%I, -+-.,6I (Raz J. Practical Reason and Norms. Princeton, 1990. P. 150–154).

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27 Hägerström A. Inquiries into the Nature of Laws and Morals. Uppsala, 1953. P.<101–102.

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28 Griffiths J. What is Legal Pluralism?<// Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law. 1986. N 1. P. 38.

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31 Cotterrell R. A Legal Concept of Community< // Canadian Journal of Law and Society</ Revue Canadienne Droit et Société. 1997. N 12. P. 80–81.

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33 Moore S. Law as Process: An Anthropological Approach. London, 1978. P. 55–56.34 Griffiths J. What is Legal Pluralism? P. 38.35 E#+DD+.- B42";",., A.4 L.4 -"64#,;(2+#4%"&+, 64G&4 #"--6".#+%".3 - .4A$+

0#,&+? B#"%" -4;2"-&4 (#4%&J ,;4 1+DD,#,&5+"5++ 4. 4-."23&IM %+14% 1,?.,23&4-.+ % 1"&&4/ -D,#, + - .4A$+ 0#,&+? .4;4, &"-$423$4 4&4 -%?0"&4 -4 -B,5+"23&I6+ +&-.+.(."6+ (Ibid. P. 38). \.4 4.-I2",. &"- $ %4B#4-( +&-.+.(5+4&"2+0"5++, &4 %-, G, 14%423&4 -2":4 + #"-B2I%A".4. Q,24 % .46, A.4 E#+DD+.- &, -4;2"-,& -< #"0;#"&+A,&+,6 «B#"%4%IM» + «%&,B#"%4%IM» D4#6 -45+"23&4;4 $4&.#42? (Ibid. P. 39; Griffiths J. The Division of Labor in Social Control< // Toward a General Theory of Social Control</ Ed. D. Black. Vol. 1. Fundamentals. Orlando, 1984. P. 37–70). \.4. %0;2?1 A"-.+A&4 4-&4%"& &" LB+-.,6424;+A,-$+M B#,1B4-I2$"M<— &" %,#, % %4064G&4-.3 B4-.#4+.3 .,4#+J +-$2JA+.,23&4 &" L6B+#+A,-$+M &":2J1,&+?M. *.%,#G1"? &,%4064G&4-.3 ."$4;4 #"02+A,&+?, 6I 64G,6 ;4%4#+.3 4: L.4/ &,%4064G&4-.+ ."$G, + 4.&4-+.,23&4 1#(;+M -M4G+M 6,G1( -4:4/ %,K,/. T4 ."$ $"$ &"6 &(G&" .,4#+?, $4.4#"? 64;2" :I B42&45,&&4 4M%".+.3 + 4B+-".3 #,"23&4-.3, &"6 B#+M41+.-? A"-.+A&4 $4&-.#(+#4%".3 L.( #,"23&4-.3, «&"%?0I%".3» #,"23&4-.+ -%4+ $#+.,#++, +<B4L.46( 6I 64G,6 #"02+A".3 .4, A.4 - 1#(;4/ .4A$+ 0#,&+? #"02+A".3 &,230?.

36 E#+DD+.- -B#"%,12+%4 (.%,#G1",.: «71,? 4 .46, A.4 0"$4& ;4-(1"#-.%"<— L.4 B#"%4 “B4 4B#,1,2,&+J”, ?%2?,.-? A,#.4/ +1,424;++ B#"%4%4;4 5,&.#"2+06" + &, +6,,. B41 -4:4/ &+$"$+M L6B+#+A,-$+M 4-&4%"&+/» (Griffiths J. What is Legal Pluralism? P. 38).

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37 P"0 4.6,A",. %"G&4-.3 B#"%" 12? B4-.#4,&+? B42+.+A,-$4/ 4:K&4-.+. )& B#+%?0I%",. B#"%4 &, -.423$4 $ ;4-(1"#-.%(, -$423$4 $ «B42+.+A,c$4/ 4:K&4-.+» (Raz J. On The Nature of Law<// ARSP. 1996. P. 7–9).

38 Foblets M.-C. Salem’s Circumcision: the Encounter of Cultures in a Civil Law Action. A Belgian Case-study<// Living Law in the Low Countries, Special issue of the Dutch and Belgian Law and Society Journal Recht der Werkelijkheid. 1991. P. 43–56.<— )1&"$4 N4:2,.- -$24&?,.-? $ :42,, B2J#"2+-.+A,-$46( B41M41(, ;1, B#"%4 ;4-(1"#-.%" &, ?%2?,.-? $(23.(#&4 146+&+#(JK+6.

39 C-415/93 Bosman v KBVB, UEFA, RFC Liège. 15.12.1995 (C%#4B,/-$+/ -(1 -B#" %,12+%4-.+; 1"2,,<—C88).

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* Q%+G,&+, &"0"1 14 :,-$4&,A&4-.+ (+3#.).<— E.'&. 2*..45 Teubner G. 1) Law as an Autopoetic System. Oxford, 1993. P. 5; 2)<Münchhausen

Juris prudence< // Rechtshistorisches Journal. 1986. N 5. S. 351.<— 86. ."$G,: Ker-chove M. van de, Ost F. Legal System between Order and Disorder. Oxford, 1994. P. 65–72.

46 Teubner G. Law as an Autopoetic System. P. 10–11. 47 Ibid. P. 9. 48 C%#4B,/-$"? $46+--+?, 84%,. 6+&+-.#4% C%#4-4J0", C%#4B,/-$+/ -(1 -B#"-

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49 Ibid. P. 65. 50 Ibid. P. 21.

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51 Ibid. P. 33. 52 Ibid. P. 34.

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53 Ibid. P. 29–30 (-4 --I2$4/ &" R(6"&").

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63 Teubner G. Law as an Autopoetic System. P. 99.64 Mayntz R. Politicshe Steuerung und gesellschaftliche Steuerungsprobleme:

An mer kung zu einen theoretischen Paradigma< // Jahrbuch für Staats und Verwal-tungswissenschaft. 1987. N 1. S. 102.

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68 \.4 (.%,#G1,&+, (..< ,. 6&,&+, 4 .46, A.4 &, %-, B411",.-? D"$.+A,-$4/ #,;2"6,&."5++) -$24&&I :,04;4%4#4A&4 B#+&+6".3 QG40,D P"0 (Practical Reason and Norms. Princeton, 1990. P. 150–151) +, - &,$4.4#I6+ &J"&-"6+ (-6. &+G,), ."$G, >.+,&0" + P(+0 !"&,#4 (A Theory of Legal Sentences. Dordrecht, 1998. P. 105).

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69 @4&,A&4, -4;2"-&4 @,230,&(, -+-.,6" :(1,. 0"$#I." B4-.423$(, B4-$423$( -(K,-.%(,. (&,;".+%&4,) (B#"%2,&+, B4%,1,&+,6< — -%4:41". )1&"$4 >.+,&0" +<P(+0 !"&,#4 -B#"%,12+%4 (.%,#G1"J., A.4 L.4 %400#,&+, 0"B#,K",. ;4-(1"#-.%( (A#,G1".3 B40+.+%&I, B#"%+2" B4%,1,&+? + .,6 -"6I6 4;#"&+A+%",. +6B2+5+.&(J 5,23 ;4-(1"#-.%" #,;(2+#4%".3 %-_ (Ibid. P. 156).

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)1&"$4 -(K,-.%(,. + .#,.+/ (#4%,&3, &" $4.4#46 6&4;+, B#"-%4%I, -+-.,6I .,M&+A,-$+ 0"$#I.I. O"$"? «.,M&+A,-$"? 0"$#I-.4-.3» 40&"A",., A.4 B#"%4%"? -+-.,6" 2+$%+1+#(,. -4:-.%,&&I, B#4:,2I, 4B#,1,2??, % $"$+M -2(A"?M, $"$ + $,6 %&(.#+ &,, 64;(. :I.3 +-B42304%"&I B#"%+2" 1#(;+M -+-.,6. \.4 &, 0&"A+., A.4 B#"-%4%"? -+-.,6" +-$2JA",. +-B42304%"&+, &,J#+1+A,-$+M B#"%+2. P,A3 +1,. 4 .46, A.4 4&" $4&.#42+#(,. L.4 +-B42304%"&+,, B#,12"-;"? 4:K+, B#"%+2", B40%42?JK+, .#"&-D4#6+#4%".3 &,J#+1+A,--$+, B#"%+2" % J#+1+A,-$+,. = -4%#,6,&&IM B#"%4%IM -+-.,6"M

70 \.4 #"02+A+, 6,G1( B,#%+A&I6 + %.4#+A&I6 0"6I$"&+,6 B#"%4%IM -+-.,6 :I24 B#4%,1,&4 F#"(L#46 % -.".3, «Openheid van en in Rechtsordes» (Rechtsfilosofie en Rechtstheorie. Netherlands Journal for Legal Philosophy and Jurisprudence. 1979. P.<128–148).

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72 86. $#+.+$(: Cotterrell R. The Concept of Legal Culture< // Comparing Legal Cultures</ Ed. D. Nelken. Dartmouth; Aldershot, 1997. P. 15–16.

73 Mulhern F. Culture</ Metaculture. Routledge; London; New York, 2000. P. xiii.74 Friedman L. M. The Concept of Legal Culture: A Reply<// Comparing Legal Cul-

tures. P. 35.75 Ibid.<— 86. ."$G,: Friedman L. M. The Legal System: A Social Science Perspective.

New York, 1975. P. 15–16.76 Blankenburg E. Civil Litigation Rates as Indicators for Legal Cultures<// Comparing

Legal Cultures. P. 65.

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80 86. 4: L.46: Hart H. L. A. The Concept of Law. Oxford, 1961. P. 189, 196; Ker-chove M. van de, Ost F. Legal System Between Order and Disorder. Oxford, 1994. P. 19.

81 Habermas J. The Inclusion of the Other. Cambridge, 1998. P. 245. 82 70 %-,/ 2+.,#".(#I &" 1"&&(J .,6( ? :I %I:#"2 ;2"%( 4 «B#"%4%IM -+-.,6"M

+ 64#"2+» +0 $&+;+: Kerchove M. van de, Ost F. Legal System Between Order and Disorder. P. 124–132.<— O"$G, 64G&4 ($"0".3 B4-2,-24%+, '":,#6"-" % ,;4 $&+;, «Between Facts and Norms» (Cambridge, 1996. P. 447–462), ;1, 4& 4:]?-&?,., B4A,6( B40+.+%&4, B#"%4 &, 64G,. :I.3 B#4-.4 -%,1,&4 $ 64#"2+, 1,64&-.#+#(,., $"$ &"#41&I/ -(%,#,&+.,. + B#"%" A,24%,$" B#,14B#,1,2?J. 1#(; 1#(;", + #"0]?-&?,., A.4 B#+&5+B 1,64$#".++ +6,,. 4-&4%(, &,0"%+-+6(J 4. 64#"23&IM B#+&5+B4%.

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T"$4&,5, -2,1(,. #"02+A".3 5,2+ $4&$#,.&IM J#+1+A,-$+M B#"%+2 + B424G,&+/, - 41&4/ -.4#4&I, + D(&$5++ 2.3"$"41 )'-)#*&<— - 1#(;4/. P"0;4%4#I 4 «5,2?M» B#"%4%4/ -+-.,6I :423H4-;4 -6I-2" &, +6,J., %,13 L." -+-.,6" &, :I2" -401"&" &"6,#,&-&4 (% 4B#,1,2,&&I/ 646,&. %#,6,&+, %-,6 -44:K,-.%46 +2+ ,;4 A"-.3J, - 4B#,1,2,&&I6+ 5,2?6+, $"$ B#,1B42";",., &"B#+6,#, .,4#+? «4:K,-.%,&&4;4 14;4%4#"»). =-, B#"%4%I, -+-.,6I #"0-%+%"2+-3 % .,A,&+, 12+.,23&4;4 B,#+41" %#,6,&+. 92"&+#(,64, B#"%4.%4#A,-.%4 -.#,6+24-3 $ 1#(;+6, B4#4/ B#4.+%4B424G&I6, 5,2?6. 8B4-4:I .42$4%"&+? + B#+6,&,&+? B#"%" &" B#"$.+$, 64-;(. -+23&4 4.2+A".3-? 4. L.+M B2"&+#(,6IM 5,2,/, %B24.3 14 B#4-.+%4B424G&4-.+. @"$ G, .4;1" 64G&4 4B#,1,2+.3 «5,2+» «0"$4&"»? P"0(6,,.-?, 01,-3 2,;$4 64;(. %40&+$&(.3 B#4:2,6I, 1"G, ,-2+ .#,:(,.-? 4B#,1,2+.3 .423$4 5,2+ 0"$4&41".,2? B#+ B#+&?.++ $4&$#,.&4;4 0"$4&41".,23&4;4 "$.". 942+.+A,-$+, $46B#46+--I

1 ) B4&?.++ D(&$5++ -6.: Krawietz W. Das positive Recht und seine Funktion. Ber-lin, 1967. S. 39–46.

2 Summers R. S. Naïve Instrumentalism and the Law<// Hacker P. M. S., Raz J. Law, Morality and Society. Essay in Honour of H. L. A. Hart. Oxford, 1977. P. 119–131.

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8"6"? 4A,%+1&"? D(&$5+? B#"%" -2,1(,. +0 -"64;4 ,;4 4B#,-1,2,&+?<— /2$.(-$6*%'* $?9*)#"3. 8 L.4/ 4-&4%&4/ D(&$5+,/ -%?0"& #?1 1#(;+M, $4.4#I, .4G, 64G&4 -A+.".3 M"#"$.,#&I6+ 12? %-?$4/ B#"%4%4/ -+-.,6I, " &, .423$4 12? &,$4.4#IM +0 &+M.

*B4#?14A+%"&+, 4:K,-.%" 40&"A",. -.#($.(#+#4%"&+, %0"+-641,/-.%+/ 6,G1( 2J136+. T" L.4 64G&4 B4-64.#,.3 - 1%(M #"0-&IM B40+5+/: - B40+5++ 4:K,-.%" + - B40+5++ +&1+%+1". = 1973 ;. R4& N(22,# &"B+-"2 #":4.( 4 D(&$5+?M B#"%", $4.4#(J 4& &"0%"2 «9#"%4 $"$ +&-.#(6,&. -45+"23&4;4 $4&.#42? + $"$ -B4-4: (2(A-H,&+? A,24%,A,-$+M %0"+644.&4H,&+/».3 \.4 &"0%"&+, 4A,&3 M4-#4H4 4.#"G",. .( 1%4/-.%,&&(J B40+5+J, - $4.4#4/ B#+M41+.-? "&"2+0+#4%".3 D(&$5++ B#"%", M4.? 4&+ + H+#,, A,6 B4$"0"&4 %<#":4., N(22,#".

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S1,-3 6I #"--64.#+6 #"02+A&I, D(&$5++ 0"$4&" % 4:K,-.%,. !I &, :(1,6 (1,2?.3 %&+6"&+, D(&$5+?6 ($".,;4#+?6) J#+1+A,--$+M 2.3"'+, ,-2+ 4&+ &, -%?0"&I - -45+,."23&I6+ D(&$5+?6+ 0"$4&". S1,-3 64G,. 4$"0".3-? B42,0&I6 (B46?&(.3 1%, D(&$5++

3 )B(:2+$4%"&4: Fuller L. Law as an instrument of social control and law as a facilitation of human interaction<// Die Funktionen des Rechts</ Hrsg. L. Legaz y Lacambra. ARSP Beiheft 8. Wiesbaden, 1974. P. 99–105.<— = L.4/ #":4., N(22,# (.%,#G1",., A.4 .#"1+5+4&&"? J#+-B#(1,&5+? -2+H$46 B#,&,:#,;",. D(&$5+,/ -401"&+? (14:-.% 12? A,24%,A,-$+M %0"+641,/-.%+/ + -2+H$46 $4&5,&.#+#(,. %&+6"&+, &" -45+"23&46 $4&.#42,.

4 86. %IH,, #"01. 3.4.

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5 T. F4::+4 &"0I%",. 1%, L.+ D(&$5++ «$4&.#42,6 %.4#4;4 B4#?1$"» + -A+.",. +M M"#"$.,#&I6+ 12? «-24G&IM &4#6".+%&IM -+-.,6» (Bobbio N. Nouvelles réflexions sur les normes primaires et secondaires<// La règle de droit</ Ed. 8. Perelman. Bruxelles, 1971. P. 118).

6 )-4:,&&4 ?#$4 L.4 4.#"0+24-3 % -#"%&+.,23&46 B#"%4%,1,&++ %.4#4/ B4-24%+&I XX %., $4;1" -."2+ %I1,2?.3 «-45+"2+-.+A,-$4, B#"%4» B#+ $2"--+D+$"5++ B#"%4%IM -+-.,6 % -D,#, A"-.&4;4 B#"%" (Hoecke M. van, Warrington M. Legal Cul-tures, Legal Paradigms and Legal Doctrine: Towards a New Model for Comparative Law<// International and Comparative Law Quarterly. 1998. N 47. P. 499).

7 Habermas J. Between Facts and Norms. Cambridge, 1996. P. 134.<— «T4#6"-.+%&4 0&"A+6I, B4-2"&+? 64;(. 5+#$(2+#4%".3 % 4:K,-.%, .423$4 B4-#,1-.%46 ?0I$" B#"%". C-2+ +M &, B,#,%41+.3 % -24G&(J -+-.,6( B#"%4%4;4 $41+#4%"&+?, $4.4#"? 4.$#I." #"%&4 12? 6+#" + 12? -+-.,6I, .4 L.+ B4-2"&+? %-.#,.?. .423$4 &,B4&+6"&+,. S1,-3 B#"%4 D(&$5+4&+#(,. $"$ “B#,4:#"04%".,23”, % B,#%(J 4A,- #,13 ;"#"&.+#(JK+/ ,1+&-.%4 + &,B#,#I%&4-.3 -,.+ $466(&+$"5+/, 4M%" .I%"-JK,/ %-, 4:K,-.%4 % 5,246» (Ibid. P. 56).

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9 Ibid. P. 66–73.

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10 Ibid. P. 73–76. 11 \." D(&$5+? B#"%" 14%423&4 4.&4-+.,23&" - -45+424;+A,-$4/ B40+5++. 7&.,-

#,-&4 4.6,.+.3, A.4 % &"(A&IM #":4."M B4 B#"%( L." .,6" &+$4;1" &, B41&+6",.-?. 12 S1,-3 6I &, :(1,6 4:-(G1".3 D,&46,& (.%,#G1,&+? 0"$4&4%, $4.4#I,, $"$

B#,1B42";",.-?, 142G&I 4-."%".3-? -+6%42+A,-$+6+. 7&4;1", $4&,A&4, B42+.+$+ -." #"J.-? (14%2,.%4#+.3 %2+?.,23&I, ;#(BBI + 1#(;+, $".,;4#++ ;#"G1"&, (.-%,#G1"? 0"$4&41".,23-.%4, $4.4#4, -44.%,.-.%(,. +M G,2"&+?6, &4 &" B#"$.+$, L.4 &+A,;4 &, 6,&?,.. ) «-+6%42+A,-$46 0"$4&41".,23-.%,» -6.: Kerchove M. van de, Ost F. 1) Legal System Between Order and Disorder. Oxford, 1994. P. 122; 2)<Jalons pour une théorie critique du droit<// Publications des Facultés universitares Saint-Louis. Bruxelles, 1987. P. 344–351.

13 Wat maakt de wet symbolisch?</ Ed. W. J. Witteveen, P. van Seters, G. van Roer-mund<// WEJ Tjecnk Willink. Zwolle, 1991. P. 253.

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9#"%+2", 4B#,1,2?JK+, B4%,1,&+,, &, 4B#,1,2?J. ,;4 A,#,0 +042+#4%"&&I, &4#6I -"6+ B4 -,:,. *A+.I%"J.-? ."$G, -45+"23-&I/ $4&.,$-. + %0"+641,/-.%+, - 1#(;+6+ "$.4#"6+. 9#"%4 -401"-,. &,$+, «4:K+, %0"+6&I, 4G+1"&+?» (N(22,#),15 +2+ «(-.4/A+%I, 4G+1"&+? B4%,1,&+?» ('":,#6"-),16 +2+ «$4&;#(L&.&4 ;,&,#"2+04-%"&&I, B4%,1,&A,-$+, 4G+1"&+?» (R(6"&).17 N(22,# -B#"%,12+%4 (.%,#G1"2, A.4 B#"%4 &, .423$4 -B4-4:-.%(,. 4:2,;A,&+J %0"+64-1,/-.%+? 6,G1( 2J136+, «&4 + %40&+$",. +0 %0"+641,/-.%+?».18

14 Szabo I. Les fonctions sociales du droit<// Die Funktionen des Rechts</ Hrsg. L. Legaz y Lacambra. ARSP, Beiheft 8. Wiesbaden, 1974. P. 77.

15 Fuller L. Law as an instrument of social control... P. 101. 16 Habermas J. Between Facts and Norms. Cambridge, 1996. P. 122, 144 (.":2. 2).<—

N(22,# 4B#,1,2?,. «4:IA"/» $"$ «(-.4?%H+,-? 4G+1"&+?, %40&+$"JK+, +0 %0"+-641,/-.%+/» (Fuller L. Law as an instrument of social control... P. 103).

17 Luhmann N. The Unity of the Legal System<// Autopoetic Law: a New Approach to Law and Society</ Ed. G. Teubner. Berlin; New York, 1988. P. 27–28.

18 Fuller L. Law as an instrument of social control... P. 103.

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19 = L.46 4.&4H,&++ -6.: Olsen H. P., Toddington S. Law in its Own Right. Oxford, 1999. P. 35–41, 115 (4-4:,&&4 $#+.+$( .,0+-" E(-."%" P"1:#(M" 4: "%.4&46++ B#"%" 4. 64#"2+).<— ) %0;2?1, P"1:#(M" -6.: Paulson S. L., Fuller L. L. Gustav Radbruch, and the «positivist» theses<// Law and Philosophy. 1994. P. 328–341.

20 Ladeur K.-H. Perspectives on a Post-Modern Theory of Law: A Critique of Niklas Luhmann, «The Unity of the Legal System»<// Autopoetic Law... P. 273.

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27 QG40,D P"0 (1,2+2 4-4:4, %&+6"&+, L.4/ #"&,, &,0"6,A,&&4/ D(&$5++ B#" %": Raz J. The Authority of Law. Oxford, 1979. P. 171–172.

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= L.4/ ;2"%, 6I -4-#,14.4A+6 &"H, %&+6"&+, &" «&4#6"M» $"$ B#"%+2"M B4%,1,&+?, +2+, $"$ &"0I%"2 +M )&4#,, &" «B#?6IM &4#6".+%&IM B#"%+2"M».2 Q#(;+, .+BI J#+1+A,-$+M B#"%+2 :(1(.

1 86. &+G,, ;2.<7.2 Honoré A. M. Real Laws<// Law, Morality and Society</ Ed. P. M. S. Hacker, J. Raz.

Oxford, 1977. P. 112.

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3 S" :42,, B42&I6 #"--64.#,&+,6 #"02+A&IM %+14% B#"%4%IM -(G1,&+/ 6I 64G,6 4.4-2".3 $ 4.2+A&4/ #":4., >.+,&0I + !"&,#4: Atienza M., Manero J. R. A<Theory of Legal Sentences. Dordrecht, 1998. P. 192.

4 ):K+/ 4:04# #"02+A&IM 4B#,1,2,&+/ B4&?.+? «&4#6I» -6. %: Wright G. H. von. Norm and Action. A Logical Inquiry. London, 1963. P. 1–16.<— 7&.,#,-&4 4.6,.+.3, A.4, % B#4.+%4B424G&4-.3 64,6( B4&+6"&+J J#+1+A,-$+M .,#6+&4%, -4;2"-&4 D4& =#+;.(, «&4#6"» +6,,. :42,, H+#4$4, 0&"A,&+,, A,6 «B#"%+24»: «&4#6(» 4&+-B4230(,. $"$ 4:K,, B4&?.+,, %$2JA"JK,, «B#"%+2"», «B#,1B+-"&+?» + «1+#,$-.+%I» (Ibid. P. 15).

5 Raz J. Practical Reasons and Norms. 1st ed. London, 1975; 2nd ed. Princeton, 1990. 6 Ibid. 1st ed. P. 36.

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9#+$"0 4D+5,#" 12? -421"."<— 4-&4%"&+, %.4#4;4 B4#?1$", +--$2JA"JK,, %-, 4-."23&I, 4-&4%"&+?. P"0 &"0I%",. L.+ «+-$2JA"-JK+, 4-&4%"&+?»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

84;2"-&4 P"0(, 4-&4%&4/ B#4:2,64/ B4&+6"&+? B#"%+2 ?%-2?,.-? B#4:2,6" 4B#,1,2,&+? .4;4, $ $"$46( .+B( 4-&4%"&+/ 4.-&4-?.-? L.+ B#"%+2" + $"$ 4&+ 4.2+A"J.-? 4. 1#(;+M 4-&4%"&+/.9 Y.4:I 4-(K,-.%+.3 ."$4/ "&"2+0, P"0 B#4%41+. #"02+A+, 6,G1( «4:?0I%"JK+6+ &4#6"6+», «#"0#,H"JK+6+ &4#6"6+» + «&4#6"-6+ B#,14-."%2,&+? B42&464A+/».10

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7 Ibid. 8 Ibid. 9 Ibid. P. 51.10 \.4 #"02+A+, -M41&4 - .,6, A.4 B#4%,2 '4MD,231 B#+ "&"2+0, B4&?.+? B#"%":

B#"%"< / 4:?0"&&4-.+ (4:?0".,23&I, &4#6I), B#+%+2,;++ (#"0#,H"JK+, &4#6I) +<%2"-.3 (&4#6I B#,14-."%2,&+? B42&464A+/) (-6. &+G,, #"01. 5.5).

11 Ibid. P. 49.

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12 Ibid. P. 79. 13 8(K,-.%(,. 6&,&+,, A.4 &,. «#"0#,H"JK+M &4#6», ."$ $"$ «-2":I,» #"0-

#,H,&+? 4-&4%"&I &" 4.-(.-.%++ &4#6I (B41#"0(6,%",.-?, A.4 .4, A.4 &, #,;2"-6,&.+#(,.-?, &+A,;4 &, 14:"%2?,. &4#6".+%&4/ 1,/-.%+.,23&4-.+), " «-+23&I,» #"0#,H,&+? + 4:?0I%"JK"? &4#6", +-$2JA,&+,6 +0 $4.4#4/ 4&+ ?%2?J.-?, 64;(. :I.3 B,#,D4#6(2+#4%"&I % 4:?0".,23&I, &4#6I - :42,, (0$+6 4M%".46, 64;(K+, +6,.3 +-$2JA,&+? (-6. &"B#., +&.,#B#,."5+J >.+,&04/ + P(+046 !"&,#4 +1,/ \$"%,-*#$+/4-E(/:(#;" + P4--" % «A Theory of Legal Sentences» (P. 90–94). )1&"$4 .4, A.4 $"-",.-? «-+23&IM» #"0#,H,&+/ (4-4:,&&4 .4;4 D"$.", A.4 4:?0I%"JK"? &4#6", +-$2JA,&+,6 +0 $4.4#4/ 4&+ ?%2?J.-?, 64G,. :I.3 B,#,D4#6(2+#4%"&"), &, ?%2?,.-? -B#"%,12+%I6 4.&4-+.,23&4 «-2":IM» #"0#,H,&+/. «8+23&I,» #"0-#,H,&+? ;4#"014 :42,, $4&$#,.&I, A,6 «-2":I,». C-2+ 0&"$ ($"0I%",. &" .4, A.4 % L.46 B"#$, 0"B#,K,&4 B42304%".3-? .#"&-B4#.&I6+ -#,1-.%"6+, " #"0#,H,&I .423$4 %,24-+B,1I, .4 ."$4/ %+1 #"0#,H,&+?, 4A,%+1&4, 4A,&3 $4&$#,.,&. «82":I,» #"0#,H,&+? B4 4B#,1,2,&+J &, 64;(. :I.3 $4&$#,.&I6+, ."$ $"$ 4&+ 4.&4-?.-? $<&,$4/ &,#,;2"6,&.+#4%"&&4/ -D,#,, % $4.4#4/ %4064G&4 :,-$4&,A&4, 6&4G,-.%4 14B(-.+6IM $4&$#,.&IM 1,/-.%+/. F42,, .4;4, -2,1(,. %I1,2+.3 .#,.3J $".,;4#+J, $4.4#(J 64G&4 &"0I%".3 «-+23&4, -2":4, #"0#,H,&+,». 9#+6,#<— -%4:41" -24%". \.4 «-+23&4,» #"0#,H,&+,, ."$ $"$ 4&4 B41#4:&4 #,;2"6,&.+#4%"&4 % B#"%,, &4 4&4 ."$G, +6,,. 4:K+, A,#.I -4 «-2":I6» #"0#,H,&+,6, B4-$423$( #,;2"6,&.+#(,. &, $4&$#,.&4, B4%,1,&+,, " 5,2(J -D,#(, ;1, %4064G&4 :,-$4&,A&4, 6&4G,-.%4 14B(-.+6IM 0"$4&46 1,/-.%+/. S1,-3 14B(-$",.-? &, $4&$#,.&4, B4%,1,&+,, ",<-$4#,,, ":-.#"$.&I/ .+B B4%,1,&+?. 8401",.-? 4B#,1,2,&&4, B42, -%4:41I ;#"G-1"& - 4:?0"&&4-.3J &,%6,H".,23-.%" 12? %-,M 2J1,/, %$2JA"? B(:2+A&I, %2"-.+.

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14 Raz J. Practical Reasons and Norms. 1st ed. P. 89–90. 15 Ibid. P. 89–97. 16 Ibid. P. 97–106.

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18 = B4-2,-24%++ $4 %.4#46( +01"&+J -%4,/ #":4.I «9#"$.+A,-$4, 6IH2,&+, + &4#6I» (1990) P"0 B+H,.: «!&4;+, A+.".,2+ -$,B.+A,-$+ 4.&,-2+-3 $ +1,, 4 .46, A.4 -(K,-.%(J. 4-&4%"&+?, $4.4#I, ? &"0I%"J +-$2JA"JK+6+» (Raz J. Practical Reasons and Norms. 2nd ed. P. 178). )& 14B(-$",., A.4 &,-$423$4 0"B(."2-? + &,$4.4#I, 646,&.I ,;4 #"--(G1,&+? :I2+ &,$4##,$.&I6+ (Ibid. P. 198). @466,&."#++, $4.4#I, 4& 1",. % -%4,6 B4-2,-24%++, B464;"J. (-.#"&+.3 &,$4.4#4, &,14B4&+6"&+,, &4 B4&?.+, +-$2JA"JK,;4 4-&4%"&+? %-, G, 4-.",.-? &,?-&I6.

19 86. B4-2,-24%+, $4 %.4#46( +01"&+J «Practical Reasons and Norms» (Ibid. P. 184).

20 Hart H. L. A. Essays in Jurisprudence and Philosophy. Oxford, 1983. 21 MacCormick N. The Concept of Law and «The Concept of Law»<// Oxford Journal

of Legal Studies. 1994. N 14. P. 11.

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24 Atienza M., Ruiz Manero J. A Theory of Legal Sentences. P. 66.

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Q"'M*%'* .*3+')#$" -%41+. %-, B#"%4 $ .4A$, 0#,&+? &4#64-B42(A".,2?. = "6,#+$"&-$46 #,"2+06, %&+6"&+, -4-#,14.4A,-&4 &" -(13?M $"$ &" &4#64B42(A".,2?M, " -$"&1+&"%-$+/ #,"2+06 :423H, 4#+,&.+#(,.-? &" ;#"G1"&. '4.? -"6"? +0%,-.&"? 5+."." («9#,1-$"0"&+, .4;4, A.4 -(13+ :(1(. 1,2".3 D"$.+A,-$+, + &, :4-2,, .4;4<— %4. A.4 ? B4&+6"J B41 B#"%46»)27 B#+&"12,G+. )2+%,#( *L&1,2( '426-(, &"+:42,, .+B+A&I6 B#,1-."%+.,2,6 .,4#++, (1,-2?JK,/ -2+H$46 6&4;4 %&+6"&+? -(13?6 $"$ &4#64B42(A".,2?6, ?%2?,.-? QG,#46 N#"&$. 84;2"-&4 N#"&$(, 2J1?6 &,4:M41+6" (%,#,&&4-.3 % G+0&+, % .46 A+-2, (%,#,&&4-.3 % %4B#4-"M B#"%".

26 Austin J. The Province of Jurisprudence Determined. London, 1954 (1st ed. Lon-don, 1832).

27 Holmes O. W. The Path of the Law<// Harvard Law Review. 1897. P. 463.

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28 Frank J. Law and the Modern Mind. New York, 1930. P. 41. 29 Kelsen H. Hauptprobleme der Staatslehre entwickelt aus der Lehre vom Rechts-

sätze. Tübingen, 1911. S. 183, 699.30 Hägerström A. Der römische Obligationsbegriff im Lichte der allgemeinen römi-

schen Rechtsanschauung. Vol. 1. 1927. P. 12. 31 Hägerström A. Inquiries into the Nature of Laws and Morals. Uppsala, 1953. P. 22.

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32 ) :42,, B42&46 "&"2+0, 4:?0"&&4-.+ $"$ «6,."D+0+A,-$4;4 B4&?.+?» -6.: Lundstedt V. Die Unwissenschaftlichkeit der Rechtswissenschaft. Vol. 1. 1932. S. 56 et seq.

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36 86., &"B#.: Binder J. Rechtsnorm und Rechtspflicht. Erlangen, 1911. S. 11; Mayer M. E. Rechtsnormen und Kulturnormen. Breslau, 1903. S. 7–8; Ross A. On Law and Justice. Berkeley; Los Angeles, 1958. P. 33.

37 Mayer M. E. Rechtsnormen und Kulturnormen. S. 6–9; Hirsh E. E. Die Steuerung menschlichen Verhaltens<// Der Beitrag der Biologie zu Fragen von Recht und Ethik</ Hrsg. M. Grunter, M. Rehbinder. Berlin, 1983. S. 285–287.

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40 86., &"B#.: Austin J. 1) The Province of Jurisprudence Determined; 2) Uses of the Study of Jurisprudence. London, 1995 (1st ed. London, 1863). P. 17, 254–257, 358–361.

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43 T" L.4 #"02+A+, ($"0"2 '"#.: Hart H. L. A. The Concept of Law. Oxford, 1961. P.< 55–56, 86–88.< — 86. ."$G,: Harris J. W. Law and Legal Science. Oxford, 1979. P.<56–57; MacCormick N., Hart H. L. A. Series «Jurists: Profiles in Legal Theory»</ Ed. W. Twinning. London, 1981. P. 33–40; MacCormick N. Legal Reasoning and Legal Theory. Oxford, 1978. P. 275–292.

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46 86., &"B#.: Kelsen H. General Theory of Norms. P. 22–25. 47 Klanderman J. Ratio, Wetenschap en Recht. Zwolle, 1986. P. 86–87.

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48 Wright G. H. von. Norm and Action. P. 39–40.

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49 86. &+G,, #"01. 7.3.2. 50 Raz J. The Concept of a Legal System. 2nd ed. Oxford, 1980. P. 49. 51 N4& =#+;. &"0I%",. -(G1,&+?, (.%,#G1"JK+, -(K,-.%4%"&+, &4#6I (B4-

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T":4# %-,M A+-.IM &4#6".+%&IM %I-$"0I%"&+/, 4.&4-?K+M--? $< 41&4/ B#"%4%4/ -+-.,6,, B42&4-.3J 4B+-I%",. L.( -+-.,-6(. N4#6(2+#4%"&+, ."$+M &4#6".+%&IM %I-$"0I%"&+/<— 0"1"A" B#"%4%4/ 14$.#+&I. 82,14%".,23&4, 1"&&(J 1+-5+B2+&( 64G&4 #"--6".#+%".3 $"$ S&2'.'6*);/H &"($(,54 $4.4#"? 0"&+6",.-? %4-B#4-"6+ +-.+&&4-.+ -(K,-.%4%"&+? &4#6 + +M .4A&4;4 -6I-2". =<B#4.+%4%,- (.%,#G1,&+J @,230,&", B#"%4%"? 14$.#+&" ?%2?,.--? &, «&4#6".+%&4/ &"($4/», " &"($4/ 4 &4#6"M. C-2+ &4#6I &, 64-;(. :I.3 +-.+&&I6+ +2+ 24G&I6+, .4 &4#6".+%&I, -(G1,&+? 64-;(. :I.3 ."$4%I6+. 8 L.4/ .4A$+ 0#,&+? &4#6I ?%2?J.-? D"$."6+, +M -(K,-.%4%"&+, +2+ &,-(K,-.%4%"&+, 64G,. :I.3 4:&"#(G,&4 +< 14$"0"&4, $"$ 6+&+6(6, % .4/ G, 6,#,, A.4 + -(K,-.%4%"&+, «D"$.4%» % 1#(;+M -45+"23&IM &"($"M.

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2".3 +2+ &, 1,2".3 K);b) 1,4&.+A,-$+/ 4B,#".4# 142G,&-.%4%"&+? +2+ %4064G&4-.+;

52 Raz J. The Concept of a Legal System. 2nd ed. P. 49.<— 84;2"-&4 P"0(, &4#6".+%&4, %I-$"0I%"&+, :(1,. + A+-.I6, + B#"$.+A,-$+6 41&4%#,6,&&4 % -2(A",, $4;1" -(-K,-.%(J. 1%" &,0"%+-+6IM &":4#" (-24%+/, $"G1I/ +0 $4.4#IM B41.%,#G1",. +-.+&&4-.3 %I-$"0I%"&+?, + ,-2+ % -+2( 41&4;4 &":4#" L.4 %I-$"0I%"&+, ?%2?,.-? A+-.I6, " % -+2( 1#(;4;4<— B#"$.+A,-$+6 (Ibid.).

53 Ibid. 54 !4G&4, $4&,A&4, ."$G, %+1,.3 % B#"%4%4/ 14$.#+&, ;,#6,&,%.+A,-$(J &"($(.

T4 $"$, &"B#+6,#, +-.4#+? ?%2?,.-? A"-.+A&4 L6B+#+A,-$4/, ."$ + ( B#"%4%4/ 14$-.#+&I 64G&4 &"/.+ L6B+#+A,-$+, 4-&4%"&+? % 0"%+-+64-.+ 4. .4;4, $"$ H+#4$4 4B#,1,2?.3 B4&?.+, «L6B+#+A,-$4;4». S1,-3 «L6B+#+A,-$4,» B#4.+%4B424G&4 &4# 6".+%&46( B4&?.+J B#"%4%4/ 14$.#+&I @,230,&".

55 S1,-3 «&4#6"» +-B4230(,.-? % -."&1"#.&46 0&"A,&++, % -%?0+ - B,#%+A&I6+ B#"%+2"6+ B4%,1,&+?. [ 4-."%2J % -.4#4&, %4B#4- 4 .46, ?%2?J.-? 2+ B#"%+2" &"1,2,&+? B42&464A+?6+ «&4#6"6+» +2+ &,.. 94 B4%41( L.4/ .,6I + 12? :42,, B42&4;4 "&"2+0" J#+1+A,-$+M %I-$"0I%"&+/ %44:K, ? --I2"J-3 &" 0"6,A".,23&(J #":4.( !"&(L2? >.+,&0I + '("&" P(+0" !"&,#4 (Atienza M., Manero J. A Theory of Legal Sentences), % $4.4#4/ B#,12";",.-? 0"$4&A,&&"? .,4#+? B#"%4%IM &4#6 +<J#+1+A,-$+M B#,124G,&+/.

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«):?0"&&4-.3» + «0"B#,.»< — L.4 B#4.+%4B424G&I, B4&?.+?. R4;+A,-$+ &,%4064G&4, A.4:I 4:?0"&&4-.3 + 0"B#,. &" 41+& + .4. G, .+B B4%,1,&+? 4.&4-+2+-3 $ 41&46( + .46( G, +&1+%+1(. O"-$4/ -2(A"/ :(1,. &"0I%".3-? "&.+&46+,/. T4 %4064G&" -+.("5+?, % $4.4#4/ &,. &+ 4:?0"&&4-.+, &+ 0"B#,.". 94%,1,&+, 64G,. :I.3 A,.$4 #"0#,H,&4 («-+23&4,» #"0#,H,&+,) +2+ B#4-.4 #"0#,H,&4, ,-2+ 4.&4-+.,23&4 &,;4 %44:K, &, -(K,-.%(,. &+$"$+M B#"%+2 («-2":4,» #"0#,H,&+,).56

56 86. 4 #"02+A++ 6,G1( -2":I6 + -+23&I6 #"0#,H,&+,6: Wright G. H. von. Norm and Action. P. 85–90; Soeteman A. Weak and strong permission in the Law< //

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T"$4&,5, &4#6" ."$G, B41A+&,&" (-24%+?6, -4;2"-&4 $4.4#I6 4&" +-B4230(,.-?. =-?$"? B#"%4%"? &4#6" ?%2?,.-? ;+B4.,.+A,--$4/.57 9,#,1 +-B42304%"&+,6 % $4&$#,.&4/ -+.("5++ &4#6" -."2-$+%",.-? - $4&$#,.&I6+ (-24%+?6+. T, -(K,-.%(,. ":-42J.&IM

The structure of Law, Series Skriften från Juridska Fakulteten i Uppsala</ Cds. A. Frändberg, M. Van Hoecke. Uppsala, 1987. P. 21–35.< — =4064G&4, >#,&1 8y.6"& B4-.(B",. B#"%+23&4, (.%,#G1"?, A.4 #"02+A+, 6,G1( -2":I6 + -+23&I6 #"0#,H,&+,6<— 2+H3 %4B#4- 6,#I, " &, 1+M4.46+?. 86. ."$G, #":4.(, % $4.4#4/ (.%,#G1",.-?, A.4 #"02+A+? % 0&"A,&++ «#"0#,H,&+?» 4B#,1,2?J.-? $4&.,$-.46 :423H,, A,6 «-+24/» +2+ «-2":4-.3J» #"0#,H,&+? $"$ ."$4%4;4: Atienza M., Manero J. R. A Theory of Legal Sentences. P. 90–115.<— )1&"$4 01,-3 6I &, 64G,6 B41#4:&4 %&+$".3 % L.+ 1+-$(--++.

57 O,#6+& «;+B4.,.+A,-$4,» +-B4230(,.-? 01,-3 % H+#4$46 -6I-2,, ."$ A.4, $"$ 6+&+6(6, 142G&I :I.3 B#4B+-"&I &,$4.4#I, (-24%+? 12? .4;4, A.4:I &4#6" :I2" %IB42&+6". )1&"$4 1"G, % (0$46 -6I-2,, % $4.4#46 D4& =#+;. 4B#,1,2?,. L.4. .,#6+& ($"$ B#4.+%4B424G&4-.3 «$".,;4#+A,-$46(»), :(1,. -46&+.,23&I6, A.4 -(K,-.%(J. &4#6I, $4.4#I, &,230? &"0%".3 «;+B4.,.+A,-$+6+»: «!I :(1,6 &"0I%".3 &4#6( ;+B4.,.+A,-$4/, ,-2+ (-24%+, ,, %IB42&,&+? :(1,. (-24%+,6, $4.4#4, 142G&4 :I.3 -4:2J1,&4 % -2(A", %40&+$&4%,&+? %4064G&4-.+ 4-(K,-.-%2,&+? ,, (&4#6I) -41,#G"&+?, &"#?1( - 1#(;+6+ (-24%+?6+» (Wright G. H. von. Norm and Action. P. 76). [ -A+."J, A.4 %-,;1" -(K,-.%(J., $"$ 6+&+6(6, «&,$4.4#I, 1"23&,/H+, 4.#+5".,23&I, (-24%+?», + -(K,-.%(J. 4&+ 14 .,M B4#, B4$" &4#6( &, B,#,D4#6(2+#(J. ."$, A.4 4&" :(1,. %$2JA".3 +M. T4 % L.46 -2(A", B#4:2,6" -%41+.-? $ B#4:2,6, D4#6(2+#4%$+, + 4$"0I%",.-? %4064G&I6, B4 -(.+, D4#-6( 2+#4%".3 %-, &4#6I $"$ $".,;4#+A,-$+,. \.4 6"24 -B4-4:-.%(,. "&"2+0( B4-&?.+? &4#6I. E"&- @,230,& (.%,#G1"2, A.4 %-, (4:K+,) &4#6I (G, ?%2?J.-? ;+-B4.,.+A,-$+6+, ."$ $"$ «%-, &4#6I ?%2?J.-? B#"%46,#&I6+ 2+H3 (-24%&4» (Kel-sen H. General Theory of Norms. P. 21).

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59 Summers R. S. How Law is Formal and Why It Matters<// Cornell Law Review. 1997. N 82. P. 1175.

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60 E"&- @,230,&< — 41+& +0 .,M, $.4 &,1445,&+2 L.( 1%4/-.%,&&(J D(&$5+J B#"%", +-$2JA+% 2J:I, B#+A+&&I,, 5,2,%I, 4.&4H,&+? +0 B#"%", 4-."%+% .423$4 B#,1B+-I%"JK+, 4.&4H,&+? (Kelsen H. General Theory of Norms. P. 9–12). O"$"? B40+5+? -%?0"&" - 14-.".4A&4 (0$+6 %0;2?146 @,230,&" &" &4#6I $"$ &" «-(G1,&+? 142G,&-.%4%"&+?», ;1, $46"&1I ?%2?J.-? «.+B+A&I6+» &4#6"6+, " 1#(;+, +M %+1I (#"0#,H"JK+,, A"-.+A&4 4.6,&?JK+, + B,#,1"JK+, B42&464A+?) 4B#,1,2?J.-? $"$ #"0&4%+1&4-.+ $46"&1 (+M 4.-(.-.%+,). 86., &"B#.: Ibid. P. 96.

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61 Summers R. S. How Law is Formal and Why It Matters. P. 1175.62 Ibid. 63 Wright G. H. von. Norm and Action. P. 83.

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64 Summers R. S. How Law is Formal and Why It Matters. P. 1179.

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65 Ibid.

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66 Hohfeld W. N. Fundamental Legal Conceptions as applied in judicial reasoning. Westport, 1978 (#,B#+&.; %B,#%I, 4B(:2+$4%"&4 %: Yale Law Journal. 1913. N 23).

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1 Kelsen H. Pure Theory of Law. Berkeley; Los Angeles, 1967. P. 203–204, 211–214 (12? B. «"»), 8, 201 (12? B. «b»), 195, 205–208 (12? B. «c»), 66–67, 201, 219–220 (12? B. «d»), 193–195 (12? B. «,»).

2 8#. 1%, #":4.I @,230,&": «General Theory of Norms» (Oxford, 1991. P. 256) +<«Pure Theory of Law» (P. 198–199), ;1, 4-&4%&"? &4#6" 4B#,1,2?,.-? $"$ «&, #,-"23&"?, " B#,1B42";",6"? &4#6"».

3 Hart H. L. A. The Concept of Law. 2nd ed. Oxford, 1994. P. 110.

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4 Kelsen H. Pure Theory of Law. P. 200.5 «9#+&(1+.,23&I, "$.I 142G&I :I.3 B#+%,1,&I % 1,/-.%+, % -44.%,.-.%++

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7 86., &"B#., +&.,#B#,."5+J @4&-.+.(5++ F,23;++ B4 %4B#4-( 0"$4&&4-.+ -." .,/, (-."&4%2,&&IM B#"%+.,23-.%46 %6,-.4 B"#2"6,&." %4 %#,6? =.4#4/ 6+ #4%4/ %4/&I, 1"2,,, % #"01. 7.7.3. Q#(;4/ B#+6,#<— .%4#A,-$4, .42$4%"&+, .4/ G, @4&-.+.(5++ - 5,23J B#4%,#$+ $4&-.+.(5+4&&4-.+ %%,1,&+? % 1991 ;. S"$4 &" 4< #"0#,H,&++ ":4#.4% % F,23;++, &,-64.#? &" 4.$"0 $4#42? B41B+-".3 ,;4 (Hoecke M. van.Ideologisch, Grenzen der Gesetzesinterpretation. Der König der Belgier und das Abtrei-bungsgesetz<// Rechtstheorie. 1991. N 22. S. 215–220).

8 Bengoetxea J. Legal System as a Regulative Ideal<// Legal System and Practical Reason. ARSP. Beiheft 53</ Ed. H.-J. Koch, U. Neumann. Stuttgart, 1994. P. 65–80.

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10 86. B4 B4%41( -.#4;4;4 4B#,1,2,&+? (B#"%4%4/) -+-.,6I: Bengoetxea J. Legal System as a Regulative Ideal. P. 66–67; Kerchove M. van de, Ost F. Legal System Between Order and Disorder. Oxford, 1994. P. 35–55.

11 Kerchove M. van de, Ost F. Legal System Between Order and Disorder. P. 10–12.

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12 86., &"B#.: Kelsen H. Pure Theory of Law. P. 209.13 Friedman L. Law as a System: Some Comments< // Vernunft und Erfahrung im

Rechtsdenken der Gegenwart</ Reason and Experience in Contemporary Legal Thought</ Eds. T. Eckhoff, L. Friedman, J. Unsitalo (Rechtstheorie. Beiheft 10). Berlin, 1986. P. 311.

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14 86., &"B#.: Ray J. Structure logique du Code civil. Paris, 1926. P. 296; Arnaud A.-J. Essai d’analyse structurale du Code civil français. Paris, 1973. P. 182.<— «S"1"A( &"($+ $"$ #"0 + -4-."%2?,. +0(A,&+, B#"%4B424G,&+/ % +M -+-.,6".+A,-$4/ %0"+64-%?0+ $"$ %0"+644:(-24%2+%"JK+M 1#(; 1#(;" + %I.,$"JK+M 1#(; +0 1#(;". ).-J1" %I.,$",. +--2,14%"&+, ;,&,"24;+A,-$4/ -%?0+ 6,G1( A"-.&4/ &4#64/ + ,, B#+&5+B46, #"%&4 $"$ + -%?0+ B#+&5+B4% - %&,H&+6+ D4#6"6+ +M %I#"G,&+?» (Puchta G. F. Cursus der Institutionen. 10th ed. Vol. 1. Leipzig, 1893 (1st ed. 1841). P. 36). F(1(A+ "%-.4#46 .,4#++ ;,&,424;++ B4&?.+/, 9(M." ?%2?2-? ;2"%&I6 B#,1-."%+.,2,6 H$42I Begriffsjurisprudenz, B#+&+6"%H,/ %&(.#,&&JJ 24;+$( B4&?.+/ + &4#6 0" -$,2,. B#"%4%4/ -+-.,6I.

15 86., &"B#.: Canaris C. W. Systemdenken und Systembegriff in der Jurisprudenz entwickelt am Beispiel des deutschen Privatrechts. Berlin, 1969. S. 46 usw., 51.

16 \.4 64G&4 &"/.+ % 2J:4/ $&+;, 4 B#"%,, &4 2(AH, %-,;4 1"&&"? B#4:2,6" #"-$#I%",.-? % .,4#++ -.(B,&,/, #"0#":4."&&4/ >1423D46 !,#$2,6 + B#+&?-.4/ E"&-46 @,230,&46 (Merkl A. J. Prolegomena einer Theorie des rechtlichcn Stufen-baues<// Die Wiener Rechtstheoretische Schule. Schriften von Hans Kelsen, Adolf Merkl, Alfred Verdross</ Hrsg. H. Klecatsky, R. Marcic, H. Schambeck. Vol. 2. Wien. S. 1311–1362).

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17 86. 1#(;+, B#+6,#I ."$+M .,4#+/: Kerchove M. van de, Ost F. Legal System Between Order and Disorder. P. 35–65.

18 )&+ #"0%+%"J. 1"&&(J +1,J %: Ibid. P. 57–60.

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19 86., &"B#., -.. 4 C%#4B,/-$4/ $4&%,&5++ 4 0"K+., B#"% A,24%,$", ."$G, B#+%,1,&&(J %4 =-,4:K,/ Q,$2"#"5++ B#"% + -%4:41 A,24%,$" 1948 ;.

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21 Kerchove M. van de, Ost F. Legal System Between Order and Disorder. P. 68. 22 Ibid. P. 69. 23 [ B#,1B4A+."J +-B42304%".3 L.4 B4&?.+, %6,-.4 .,#6+&4% «0"B(."&&"?

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24 Ibid. P. 109.25 Ibid.

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26 @4&,A&4, +;#4$+ 64;(. -4;2"-+.3-? +06,&+.3 B#"%+2", &4, 1,2"? L.4, 4&+ -401"J. &4%(J +;#(. T"B#+6,#, 64G&4 B#+1(6".3 H"M6".I, ;1, ;2"%&4/ 5,23J -."&4%+.-? -B4-4:&4-.3 +0:"%+.3-? 4. -%4+M D+;(# $"$ 64G&4 -$4#,,. «8],1"&+,» D+;(# B#4.+%&+$" 4$"0I%",.-? B#+&(1+.,23&I6, + .4., $46( (1"24-3 0"-."%+.3 B#4.+%&+$" «-],-.3» %-, -%4+ D+;(#I, B4:,G1",.. =6,-., - .,6 4-."23&I, B#"%+2" H"M6". 4-."J.-? &,+06,&&I6+. \.4 0":"%&"? +;#", &, 0"&+6"JK"? 6&4;4 %#,6,&+, &4 L.4 &, H"M6".I, 1"G, ,-2+ &" B,#%I/ %0;2?1 4&+ $"G(.-? +1,&.+A&I6+, 0" +-$2JA,&+,6 %-,;4 2+H3 41&4;4 B#"%+2": 4:?0"&&4-.+ :#".3 D+;(#I, $4.4#"? %<1#(;46 -2(A", %I-.(B",. $"$ %4064G&4-.3.

27 Q"G, ,-2+ $.4-.4 %4036,. D#"&5(0-$4, -24%4 «jeu» («+;#"») % :42,, H+#4$46 -6I-2,, .4 %-, #"%&4 &, B42(A+.-? ,1+&4/ 4:K,/ 5,2+ %&, L.4/ +;#I. 7;#" -"6" B4 -,:, ?%2?,.-? 5,23J +;#4%4/ 1,?.,23&4-.+, % .4 %#,6? $"$ B#"%4 &, ?%2?,.-? -4:-.%,&&4 5,23J B#"%". C-2+ % +;#( :(1,. %4%2,A,&4 &,A.4 +0%&,, +;#4%4, 1,/-.%+, B#,%#".+.-?, -$4#,,, % 1,/-.%+, 1#"6".(#;+A,-$4,, ;1, «"$.4# B#4:(G1",. % -%4,/ B(:2+$, 4B#,1,2,&&I/ 4:#"0, %B,A".2,&+, 4 -,:,, A,#,0 $4.4#4, #"-$#I%",.-? ,;4 -(:],$.+%&4-.3... + (B#"%2?,. +M %0"+641,/-.%+,6 B4-#,1-.%46 #,;(2+#4%"&+? %0"+6 &4;4 B#4&+$&4%,&+? % +M -4:-.%,&&(J -(:],$.+%&4-.3» (Habermas J. The Theo ry of Communicative Action. Vol. 1. Reason and the Rationalization of Society. Cambridge, 1984. P. 86).

28 Ibid. P. 85. 29 Ibid. P. 86.

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30 Q4-.".4A&4 +&.,#,-&4 .4, A.4 B+H(. ="& 1, @,#x4% + )-., 4:-(G1"? 6,."D4#( Q%4#$+&" «#46"&, &"B+-"&&I/ B4 4A,#,1+» + 1"%"? 4B#,1,2,&+, B#45,--( B#4+0%41-.%" -6I-2" (Kerchove M. van de, Ost F. Legal System Between Order and Disorder. P. 97). !I 64G,6, B4G"2(/, -4;2"-+.3-? - "&"2+046 B#"%4%4;4 D,&46,&", &4 &,230?, &"%,#&4,, -4;2"-+.3-? - (6,-.&4-.3J B4&?.+? «jeu» (+;#" + B#45,-- +;#I) $"$ 641,2+ 12? ,;4 4:]?-&,&+?, % A"-.&4-.+, +0-0" B#4:2,6 - -44.&,-,&+,6 L.4;4 B4&?.+? - 1,/-.%+.,23&4-.3J.

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31 Alchourron C., Bulygin R. Normative Systems. Wien; New York, 1971. P. 50. — Q2? "%.4#4% L.4 &,4:M41+6I, -4-."%&I, L2,6,&.I, :,0 $4.4#IM -+-.,6" &, :(1,. -(K,-.%4%".3 (Ibid. P. 69). 86. ."$G,: Bulygin R. Legal Dogmatics and the Systematization of Law< // Vernunft und Erfahrung im Rechtsdenken der Gegenwart< / Reason and Experience in Contemporary Legal Thought</ Eds. T. Eckhoff, L. Friedman, J. Unsitalo. P. 193–210.< — O"$G, 12? !"&(L2? >.+,&0I + '("&" P(+0" !"&,#4 B#"%4%I, +0#,A,&+? ?%2?J.-? «-"6I6+ L2,6,&."#&I6+ -4-."%2?JK+6+ B#"%"». 86. +M #":4.( «A Theory of Legal Sentences» (Dordrecht, 1998. P. 11).

32 O"$4/ H+#4$+/ B41M41, $(1" %$2JA,&I B#"%4%I, &4#6I, +&-.+.(.I + 1,/--.%+?, 64G&4 &"/.+, &"B#+6,#, %: Krawietz W. Recht und moderne Systemtheorie<// Vernunft und Erfahrung im Rechtsdenken der Gegenwart</ Reason and Experience in Contemporary Legal Thought</ Eds. T. Eckhoff, L. Friedman, J. Unsitalo. P 291.<— 86. ."$G, Harris J. W. Law and Legal Science. An Inquiry into the Concepts of Legal Rule and Legal System. Oxford, 1979. P. 24–25 (12? 40&"$462,&+? - #"0&I6+ .,4#+?6+); 165–171 (0"$2JA,&+, - ;4%4#?K+6 &"0%"&+,6 «=-,4:K+/ %0;2?1 &" B#"%4»).

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33 Teubner G. Evolution of Autopoietic Law<// Autopoietic Law: a New Approach to Law and Society</ Ed. G. Teubner. Berlin; New York, 1988. P. 221.

34 Teubner G. Introduction to Autopoietic Law<// Ibid. P. 3; Luhmann N. The Unity of the Legal System<// Ibid. P. 16–17.

35 Teubner G. Introduction to Autopoietic Law. P. 4. 36 Luhmann N. The Unity of the Legal System. P. 17.

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37 Ibid. P. 18. 38 Ibid. P. 19. 39 Luhmann N. Soziale Sysleme. Grundriss einer allgemeinen Theorie. Frankfurt/M,

1984. P. 93. 40 )A,%+1&4, B4&?.+, «-6I-2»< — 41&" +M -"6IM -2":IM -.4#4& "(.4 B4/,-

.+ A,-$4/ .,4#++, B4 $#"/&,/ 6,#, ( R(6"&" (Ladeur K.-H. Perspectives on a Post-Modern Theory of Law< // Autopoietic Law: a New Approach to Law and Society< / Ed. G. Teubner. P. 266–269), 1"G, &,-64.#? &" .4, A.4 R(6"& BI."2-? B#,124G+.3 14%423&4 B41#4:&I/ "&"2+0 L.4;4 B4&?.+? (Luhmann N. Meaning as Sociology’s Basic Concept< // Luhmann N. Essays on Self-Reference. New York, 1990. P. 21–79). 942&4-.3J 4.1,2?? B4&?.+, «-6I-2» 4. B4&?.+? «-(:],$.» (Ibid. P. 23), 4A,&3 .#(1&4, ,-2+ &, &,%4064G&4, -%?0".3 ."$(J .,4#+J - 1,/-.%+.,23&4-.3J. 7&.,#,-&4 0"6,.+.3, A.4 12? @,230,&" (+, %4064G&4, 12? 6&4;+M 1#(;+M .,4#,.+$4% B#"%") B4&?.+, «-6I-2» 4$"0"24-3 24%(H$4/ (-6. 1"2,, #"01. 7.2.1). 86. ."$G,: Moore R. Legal Norms and Legal Science. A Critical Study of Kelsen’s Pure Theory of Law. Honolulu, 1978. P. 104–109.

41 Luhmann N. Essays on Self-Reference. P. 23. 42 Ibid. P. 24.

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43 Ladeur K.-H. Perspectives on a Post-Modern Theory of Law. P. 262.

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44 Peczenik A. Coherence Theory of Juristic Knowledge<// Aarnio A. et al. On Co-herence Theory of Law. Lund, 1998. P. 14 (-4 --I2$4/ &": Raz J. Ethics in the Public Domain. Essays in the Morality of Law and Politics. Oxford, 1994. P. 315).

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50 Michelman F. Conceptions of Democracy in American Constitutional Argument: Voting Rights<// Florida Law Review. 1989. N 41. P. 446.

51 Michelman F. Political Truth and the Rule of Law<// Tel Aviv University Studies in Law. 1988. N 8. P. 284.

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52 Michelman F. Conceptions of Democracy in American Constitutional Argument. P. 446.

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53 Habermas J. The Inclusion of the Other. Studies in Political Theory. Cambridge, 1999 (1-, +01. &" &,6,5$46<— 1996). P. 237–264.

54 Ibid. P. 251. 55 Ibid. 56 Ibid. P. 250 ('":,#6"- "B,22+#(,. $ B4B#"%$, 20 $ -.. 2 @4&-.+.(5++ NPE). 57 Ibid. P. 249.

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58 Ibid. P. 258. 59 Ibid. P. 260–261.

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1 Laakso J. Uber die Dreidimensionalität des juristischen Denkens<// Reasoning on Legal Reasoning</ Eds. A. Peczenik, J. Uusitalo. Vammala, 1979. P. 75–85.

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4 Slama-Cazacu T. Langage et contexte. The Hague, 1961. P. 20–21.

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9 Schirato T., Yell S. Communication and Culture. London, 2000. P. XI, 1. 10 Taylor 8. Language and Society // Honneth A., Joas H. Communicative Action.

Essays on Jurgen Habermas’s The Theory of Communicative Action. Cambridge, 1991. P. 23–35 (23–29).

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11 ): «"$., #,A+» -6.: Austin J. How to Do Things with Words. Cambridge, 1962; Searle J. Speech Acts. Cambridge; New York, 1969.

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0"4-.#,&+, %&+6"&+? &" +&.,#B#,.".+%&IM "#;(6,&."M % #":4.,: Interpreting Statutes. A Comparative Study / Eds. N. MacCormick, R. S. Summers. Aldershot, 1991.<— \.4, $4&,A&4, &, 40&"A",., A.4 ? &, -4;2"-,& - ($"0"&&I6+ "%.4#"6+ %<%4-B#4-, %"G&4-.+ B#"$.+A,-$4;4 4:4-&4%"&+? + "#;(6,&."5++ % B#"%, (-6., &"B#., +M 4:4-&4%"&+, %"G&4-.+ "#;(6,&."5++: Ibid. P. 21). \.4 ."$G, &, 0&"A+., A.4 ? 4.-#+5"J B#4:2,6( .4;4, &"-$423$4 ."$+, 1,/-.%+? ?%2?J.-? +2+ 64;(. :I.3 &"0%"&I 5,&&4-.&4 &,/.#"23&I6+ +2+ 5,&&4-.&4 -%4:41&I6+ (-#. «S1,-3 6I &, :(1,6 +---2,14%".3 L.4 +&.,22,$.("23&4, 6+&&4, B42,» (Ibid. P. 22)). '4.? %IH,B#+%,1,&-&I, 5+.".I %0?.I +0 $466,&."#+,% $ J#+1+A,-$4/ &"(A&4/ #":4.,, 4&+ 64;(. :I.3 %<#"%&4/ -.,B,&+ B#+6,&,&I $ .42$4%"&+J B#"%".

16 N"$.+A,-$+ .,4#+? "#;(6,&."5++ — L.4 ."$4/ B41M41 $ B#"%(, $4.4#I/ 4M%"-.I%",. :($%"23&4 %-, B#4:2,6I .,4#++ B#"%", &4 - .4A$+ 0#,&+? 14$"0".,23-.% +<(:,G1,&+?, % B,#%(J 4A,#,13 % #"6$"M -(1,:&IM B#,&+/. 8#,1+ 6&4G,-.%" +&.,-#,-&IM #":4. &" .,6( B#"%4%4/ "#;(6,&."5++ 4-4:,&&4 64G&4 4.6,.+.3: Alexy R. A Theory of Legal Argumentation, The Theory of Rational Discourse as Theory of Legal Justification / Transl. R. Adler, N. MacCormick. Oxford, 1989. P. 323; Perelman C., Olbrechts-Tyteca L. The New Rhetoric: A Treatise on Argumentation / Transl. J. Wilkinson, P. Weaver. London, 1969.

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17 Perelman C., Olbrechts-Tyteca L. The New Rhetoric. P. 31 (L.4 B4&?.+, 4B#,1,-2?,.-? $"$ «(&+%,#-"23&4-.3 + ,1+&4;2"-+,, B#,1-."%2?,64, ;4%4#?K+6, -4;2"-+, "(1+.4#++, $4.4#4, 142G&4 :I.3 (&+%,#-"23&I6»).

18 Ogden C. K., Richards I. A. The Meaning of Meaning. London, 1960.

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22 = E,#6"&++ :423H4, 0&"A,&+, B4%-,1&,%&4;4 ?0I$" 4-&4%"&4 &" +1,, 14-.(B&4-.+ 0"$4&41".,23-.%" 12? 4:IA&IM ;#"G1"& % ."$+M 4:2"-.?M, $"$ (;424%&4, B#"%4 + B#"%" A,24%,$". =6,-., - .,6, ,-2+ $4&-.+.(5+4&&"? 0"K+." 64G,. :I.3 2(AH, 4:,-B,A,&" ?0I$46 B#"%", .4 +-B4230(,.-? +6,&&4 4& (Alexy R., Dreier R. Statutory Interpretation in the Federal Republic of Germany. P. 83–84). 94 %4B#4-( 4<#42+ «4:IA&4;4 0&"A,&+?» -24% % B#"%4%4/ +&.,#B#,."5++ % 1#(;+M -.#"&"M -6..( G, $&+;(: Ibid. P. 220 (7."2+?), 182 (N#"&5+?), 356–366 (=,2+$4:#+."&+?), 273–274 (9423H"), 314 (^%,5+?), 133 (N+&2?&1+?), 45–46 (>#;,&.+&"), 412–413 (8^>).

23 O"$+, -2(A"+ %-.#,A"J.-? &, .423$4 % E,#6"&++ (-6. B#,1I1(K(J -&4-$().

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)1&"$4 % :423H+&-.%, -2(A",% +-B42304%"&+, -+-.,6".+A,--$4;4 6,.41" &"B#"%2,&4 &" +&.,#B#,."5+J 0"$4&" % $4&.,$-., 1#(;+M .,$-.4% 0"$4&4% &" .46 G, +,#"#M+A,-$46 (#4%&,. )-.",.-?

24 9,#%I/ -.+6(2 :I2 1"& >23D46 P4--46 % ,;4 $&+;, «On Law and Justice» (London, 1958).

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Q#(;+, -B4-4:I (B"#"-)< 24;+A,-$4/ "#;(6,&."5++, +-B423-0(JK,/-? % #"6$"M -+-.,6".+A,-$4/ +&.,#B#,."5++, %$2JA"J. %< -,:?: "#;(6,&."5+J 3 fortiori,** "#;(6,&."5+J $# 2.$#'"%$0$, "#;(6,&."5+J 2$ 3%3+$0'', " ."$G, 4;#"&+A,&+, .,$-." 0"$4&", B,#%4&"A"23&4, 0&"A,&+, $4.4#4;4 -2+H$46 H+#4$4.

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C-2+, &"B#+6,#, $"$"?-2+:4 -+.("5+? #,;(2+#(,.-? 4B#,1,-2,&&4/ &4#64/, " -(13? -."2$+%",.-? - 1#(;4/ -+.("5+,/, $ $4.4-#4/ L." &4#6" $"$ ."$4%"? &, 64G,. :I.3 B#+6,&,&", .4 4& 64G,. +-B42304%".3 "#;(6,&."5+J 4. B#4.+%&4;4. 8(0+% -D,#( B#+-6,&,&+? L.4/ &4#6I 14 4B#,1,2,&&IM -+.("5+/, 0"$4&41".,23

* «F42,, B401&+/ 0"$4& 4.6,&?,. B#,1H,-.%(JK+/» (+3#.).<— E.'&. 2*..25 Vredegerecht (Justice of the Peace), Antwerpen, 18.02.1959. Tijdschrift van de

Vrederechters</ Journal des Juges de Paix. 1960. P. 98. ** O,6 :42,, (+3#.).<— E.'&. 2*..

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* = "&"24;+A&46 -2(A", (2"..).<— E.'&. 2*..26 86., &"B#., 1,24: C21/88 ECSC v Acciaierie e Ferriere Busseni, 22.02.1990 (CCJ)

Jurispr. 1990, 495. P. 523–524. 27 O"$4/ -#"%&+.,23&I/ "&"2+0 +;#",. 14-.".4A&4 %"G&(J #423, M4.? L.4 &,

%-,;1" 0"6,.&4 % #,H,&+?M, B#+&+6",6IM C%#4B,/-$+6 -(146 -B#"%,12+%4-.+. «).$"0 -(1" 4. ($"0"&+/ &" -#"%&,&+.,23&I/ "&"2+0 B#"%" B#+ 4:4-&4%"&++ #,H,&+/ &, 142G,& -$#I%".3 .4;4 D"$.", A.4 ( -(1,/ &,6"24, $42+A,-.%4 %#,-6,&+ +< -+2 (M41+. +6,&&4 &" +0(A,&+, -#"%&+.,23&4;4 B#"%", M4.? B4-2,1&,, +<&, &"M41+. 6,-." % #,H,&+?M. 8B4#I 6,G1( -.4#4&"6+ B#45,--", 4-4:,&&4 A2,-&"6+ @46+--++, A"-.4 -41,#G". %"G&I, L2,6,&.I 1+-$(--++ B4 B#4:2,6"6 -#"%-&+.,23&4;4 B#"%". 7 -"6 -(1 A"-.4 B44K#?,. ."$+, 1+-$(--++ A,#,0 1,?.,23&4-.3 &"(A&4-+--2,14%".,23-$4;4 4.1,2" -(1"» (Kutscher H. Methods of interpretation as seen by a judge at the Court of Justice<// Court of Justice of the European Communities. Luxembourg, 1976. P. 1–28).

28 86. 6&,&+, B#4$(#4#" ="23.,#" ="& E,#%,&" B4 1,2(: C106/89 Marleasing, 13.11.1990 (CCJ) Jurispr. 1990. P. 4135.<— 86. ."$G, +&.,#,-&(J -.".3J 4 .46, $"$ L." 4:?0"&&4-.3 64G,. 4.#"G".3-? &" &"5+4&"23&46 0"$4&41".,23-.%,: Danzer-Vanotti W. Richtlinienkonforme Auslegung und Rechtsfortbildung< // Steuerliche Vier-teljahresschrift. 1991. N 1. S. 15.

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30 Côté P.-A. The Interpretation of Legislation in Canada. 2nd ed. Cowansville, 1991. P. 436–446.

31 86. ."$4/ "&"2+0 %: Hoecke M. van. Norm, Kontext und Entscheidung. Leuven, 1988. S. 165–193.

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32 86., &"B#., #,H,&+,: C118/89 Firma Otto Lingenfelser v Germany, 25.06.1990 (CCJ) Jurispr. 1990. P. 2657.

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35 8.".3? 31.1 =,&-$4;4 14;4%4#" 1969 ;.; -.. 46 S"$4&" F42;"#++ 4 &4#6".+%&IM "$."M; 17-/ @"&4& @41,$-" $"&4&+A,-$4;4 B#"%"; -.. 18 E@ H."." R(+0+"&".

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36 Langan P. Maxwell on the Interpretation of Statutes. London, 1969. P. 228.37 !&,&+, 24#1" Q+B24$" B4 1,2(: Jones v Wrotham Park Estates Ltd (1980) AC

74, (1979) 1 All ER 286. — C6. ."$G,: Bell J., Engle G. Cross on Statutory Interpretation. 2nd ed. London, 1987. P. 18–19, 83–96.

38 «'4.? % -4%#,6,&&IM B#+&5+B"M .42$4%"&+? -A+.",.-? ":-42J.&4 0"$4&&I6 +-B42304%".3 5,2,%4/ 6,.41 + (.%,#G1",.-?, A.4 0"$4&41".,23&4, B424G,&+, B#+6,&?,.-? $ -+.("5++, $4;1" +6,24 6,-.4 ?-&4, &"6,#,&+, 0"$4&41".,2? B4-.(B".3 +6,&&4 ."$, M4.? L.4 + &, -4%B"1"24 :I B42&4-.3J - :($%"23&I6 .42-$4%"&+,6 0"$4&", — .,6 &, 6,&,, ? &, 1(6"J, A.4 B#4.+%4B424G&4, :(1,. B#"%+23&4 + A.4 64G&4 -A+.".3 2,;+.+6&I6 +-B42304%"&+, 5,2,%4;4 .42$4%"&+? - 5,23J %4-B#,B?.-.%4%".3 B#+6,&,&+J 1"&&4;4 0"$4&" % 1"&&4/ -+.("5++, %< $4.4#4/ %4064G&4 B#+6,&,&+, L.4;4 0"$4&" % ,;4 :($%"23&46 .42$4%"&++» (6&,&+, -(13+ !,? B4 1,2(: R. v Broadcasting Complaints Commission, ex p Owen (1985) QB 1153 at 1174). N"$.+A,-$+ L.4 -(G",. 5,2,%4, .42$4%"&+, 14 .42$4%"&+? B4 "&"24;++ + &, B#+0&",. B#"%46,#&4-.3 .,2,424;+A,-$4;4 .42$4%"&+?.

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40 Hof van Beroep Gent, 02.041976, Rechtskundig Weekblad 1976–1977. P. 435.41 Rechtbank Brugge, 07.01.1975, Rechtskundig Weekblad 1974–1975. P. 2144.<—

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42 Rechtbank Kortrijk, 05.03.1953, Rechtskundig Weekblad 1953–1954. P. 1817.<— 86. B#+6,#I +0 "&;2+/-$4;4 B#,5,1,&.&4;4 B#"%" %: Bell J. Policy Arguments in Judicial Decisions. Oxford, 1983. P. 88–90. — 9#+6,#I +0 &,6,5$4;4 B#"%" -6. %: Alexy R., Dreier R. Statutory Interpretation in the Federal Republic of Germany. P. 79.

43 «L’un des voisins ne peut, sans le consentement de l’autre, pratiquer dans le mur mitoyen aucune fenêtre ou ouverture, en quelque manière que ce soit, même à verre dormant» (:..).

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44 Rechtbank Antwerpen, 18.11.1969, Rechtskundig Weekblad 1969–1970. P. 1196.<— = E,#6"&++ N,1,#"23&I/ 4$#(G&4/ -(1 B4-."&4%+2 #,H,&+, % B#4.+%4B424G&46 -6I-2, B#+ .42$4%"&++ .4/ G, B#4:2,6I (Justizenzeitung. 1961. P. 494 usw.). 86. ."$G,: Koch, Russmann (1982) Juristische Begründungslehre. S. 128 usw.

45 86. %IH,.46 O4B4-<— 4:K,, 6,-.4, B#+&?.4, %-,6+. — E.'&. 2*..

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47 Art 165, § 1,1° + 2° Koninklijk Besluit (@4#42,%-$+/ 1,$#,.). 04.11.1963.48 Arbeidsrechtbank Antwerpen, 26.06.1979, Rechtskundig Weekblad 1979–1980.

P. 1058.49 Llewellyn G. Jurisprudence: Realism in Theory and Practice. Chicago, 1962. P. 229.

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51 86., &"B#., % >&;2++: Bell J., Rngle G. Cross on Statutory Intrerprealion. 2nd ed. London, 1987. P. 68–111; % @"&"1,: Côté P.-A. The Interpretation of Legislation in Canada. 2nd ed. Cowansville, 1991. P. 315–344; 12? &,$4.4#IM 1#(;+M -.#"&, %$2JA"? 8^>, N#"&5+J + E,#6"&+J: Interpreting Statutes. A Comparative Study.

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53 Bulygin R. Legal Dogmatics and the Systematization of Law // Vernunft und Erfahrung im Rechtsdenken der Gegenwart / Reason and Experience in Contemporary Legal Thought / Eds. T. Eckhoff, L. Friedman, J. Unsitalo. Berlin, 1986. P. 197–198.

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60 Dworkin R. Taking Rights Seriously. London, 1978. P. 22.61 86., &"B#.: Atienza M., Ruiz Manero J. A Theory of Legal Sentences. Dordrecht,

1998. P. 3–4.

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69 Gerven W. van. Beginselen van Belgisch Privaatrecht. Algemeen Deel. Antwerpen, 1969. P. 58; Foriers P. L’interprétation par analogie en droit belge<// La pensée juridique de Paul Foriers. Bruxelles, 1982. Vol. II. P. 817–818; Zippelius R. Einführung in die juristische Methodenlehre. München, 1971. P. 74; Gérard P. Droit, égalité et idéologie. Contribution à l’etude critique des principes généraux du droit. Bruxelles, 1981. P. 184.

70 Pattaro E. Les principes généraux du droit entre raison et autorité<// Arguments d’autorité et arguments de raison</ Ed. P. Vassart. Bruxelles, 1988. P. 282.<— 86. ."$G,: Stein P. Regulae iuris: From Juristic Rules to Legal Maxims. Edinburgh, 1966. P. 49–130.

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74 Hoecke M. van. Norm, Kontext und Entscheidung. Leuven, 1988. S. 204–211.

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76 Aarnio A. Taking Rules Seriously. P. 13.77 Orianne P. Introduction "u système juridique. Bruxelles, 1982. P. 75.

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78 Perelman 8. Logique juridique. Nouvelle rhétorique. Paris, 1976. P. 137.

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79 Zwalve W. J. Interpretatieproblemen voor de codificatie // Liber Memorialis Fran-çois Laurent. Bruxelles, 1989. P. 447–464.

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80 Huberlant C. Antinomies et recours aux principes généraux // Les antinomies en droit / Ed. 8. Perelman. Bruxelles, 1965. P. 212.

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91 Aarnio A. Denkweisen der Rechtswissenschaft. Wien; New York, 1979. P. 49.

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92 ): L.46 -6.: Ibid. P. 66–67. — 86. ."$G,: Aarnio A. Philosophical Perspectives in Jurisprudence // Acta Philosophica Fennica. N 36. Helsinki, 1983. P. 216 ("%.4# 4B#,1,-2?,. .,4#+J % B#"%4%4/ 14$.#+&, $"$ «&":4# B4&?.+/ + -(G1,&+/, % 4B#,1,2,&&46 B4#?1$, -+-.,6".+0+#(JK+/ B#"%4%I, &4#6I»).

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und Sozialphilosophie. 1980. P. 535–555. — 86. ."$G,: Jak$bs H. H. Wissenschaft und Gesetzgebung im bürgerlichen Recht. Paderborn, 1983. P. 164.

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97 Hoecke M. van, Warrington M. Legal Cultures, Legal Paradigms and Legal Doctrine: Towards a New Model for Comparative Law // The International and Comparative Law Quarterly. 1998. N 47. P. 498–513.

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$#+.+A,-$+M $466,&."#+,% -6.: Lagerspetz E. The Opposite Mirrors. An Essay on the Conventionalist Theory of Institutions<// Law and Philosophy Library. Vol. 22. Dordrecht, 1995. P. 113 et seq.

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8 P/))$ T.-T. ): 4:K,-.%,&&46 14;4%4#,. @&. IV. E2. 2 [6] ("&;2. +01.: Rous-seau J. J. Of the Social Contract or Principles of Political Right< / Ed. V. Gourevitch. Cambridge, 1997. P. 124).

9 Luhmann N. Legitimation durch Verfahren. Berlin, 1969. S. 28. 10 Ibid. S. 30, 251–252.

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11 Ibid. S. 33. 12 Ibid. S. 34.

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13 Fuller L. The Morality of Law. Naw Haven, 1969. P. 138. 14 Friedmann W. Legal Theory. 5th ed. London, 1967. P. 18. 15 Michelman F. Political Truth and Rule of Law<// Tel Aviv University Studies in Law.

1988. N 8. P. 284.

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7 Habermas J. Between Facts and Norms< / Transl. W. Rehg. Cambridge, 1996. P. 1–2.

8 Habermas J. The Inclusion of the Other. Cambridge, 1999. P. 260–261.

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9 Habermas J. Between Facts and Norms. P. 409. 10 Ibid. P. 396.

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11 Habermas J. The Inclusion of the Other. P. 160.

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12 Q4%423&4 +&.,#,-&I/ "&"2+0 + $#+.+$" .4;4, $"$ 8!7 %.4#;"J.-? % -D,#( B(:2+A&4;4 4:%+&,&+?, 64G&4 &"/.+ % #":4., E"#"B4&": Garapon A. Justice out of Court: The Dangers of Trial by Media<// Law as Communication</ Ed. D. Nelken. Aldershot, 1996. P. 231–245.

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** *9#"%4%"? $466(&+$"5+? 64G,. B#+&+6".3 6&4G,-.%4 D4#6:

$466(&+$"5+? 41+& &" 41+& (&"B#+6,#, % -(1, +2+ B#+ 0"$2JA,-&++ 14;4%4#"); $466(&+$"5+? 41&4;4 -4 6&4;+6+ (&"B#+6,#, B#+ +01"&++ 0"$4&41".,23&4;4 "$.", B#+&?.++ -(1,:&IM #,H,&+/ +2+ B(:2+$"5++ &"(A&IM #":4.); $466(&+$"5+? 6&4;+M - 41&+6 (&"B#+-6,#, &" %I:4#"M +2+ &" #,D,#,&1(6,); $466(&+$"5+? 6&4;+M -4 6&4;+6+ ($"$ % -2(A", - B(:2+A&I6+ B42+.+A,-$+6+ 1,:"."6+ +2+ B#+ (-."&4%2,&++ + #"0%+.++ B#"%4%4/ $(23.(#I).15 = &,$4.4#IM -2(A"?M $466(&+$"5+? :(1,. B#4M41+.3 2+546 $ 2+5(, &4 %< -D,-#, B#"%" 4&" A"K, %-,;4 B#4M41+. % B+-36,&&4/ D4#6,. ).-J1" -2,1(,. 0&"A+64-.3 +&.,#B#,."5++ .,$-.4% % B#"%,. '"#"$.,#+--.+$+ $"G14;4 .+B" $466(&+$"5++ 64;(. -+23&4 #"02+A".3-?. 9#+ +M "&"2+0, + 4:-(G1,&++ -2,1(,. %-,;1" (A+.I%".3 L.+ #"02+A+?. T"- +&.,#,-(,. -"6"? H+#4$"? D4#6" $466(&+$"5++. = 1"23&,/-H+M +--2,14%"&+? B4 L.4/ B#4:2,6".+$, -2,1(,. (1,2+.3 4-4:4,

13 T"B#+6,#, =,#M4%&I/ -(1 8^> % 1,2, XSD%?*.0*. 2.$#'" X')*%:*+,- (Weinberger v Wiesenfeld, 420 US 636, 650 (1975) (+&D4#6"5+? 4: 4-&4%"&+?M >$."); %4 6&4;+M ,%#4B,/-$+M -.#"&"M: #"-.(K"? -#,1+ ;#"G1"& B4.#,:&4-.3 % 14-.(B, $ +&D4#6"5++ 4: "16+&+-.#".+%&IM #,H,&+?M (&"B#+6,#, B4A,6( $"&1+1".(#"<! :I2" :42,, B#,1B4A.+.,23&4/, A,6 $"&1+1".(#" B, + .. 1.).

14 86., &"B#., 1+-$(--+J 4 $4&-.+.(5++ 8^>: Sunnstein C. The Partial Constitution. Cambridge MA, 1993. P. 19–20, 133–141.

15 94 B4%41( 1+-$(--++ 4: L.+M .#,M (#4%&?M - B40+5++ $466(&+$".+%&4/ .,4-#++ -6.: Ruesch J., Bateson G. Communication: The Social Matrix of Psychiatry. 2nd ed. New York, 1968 (;1, ."$G, %I1,2?,.-? «%&(.#+2+A&4-.&I/» (#4%,&3 (+&1+%+1 +--2,1(,. -4:-.%,&&I, D+0+424;+A,-$+, + B-+M424;+A,-$+, «B4-2"&+?»), A.4 12? &"H,;4 +--2,14%"&+? &,-(K,-.%,&&4).

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@4&,A&4, $466(&+$".+%&I/ B41M41 $ B#"%( &, #,H",. %-,M B#4-:2,6. !&4;+, B4&?.+?, %$2JA"? -"6( «$466(&+$"5+J», 4-."J.-?, %,#4?.&4 &,+0:,G&4, 14-.".4A&4 #"06I.I6+. 71,"23&I, (-24-%+? 12? 4B.+6"23&4/ $466(&+$"5++ 4-."J.-? (.4B+,/. =4064G-&4, A.4 -4%,#H,&&4/ $466(&+$"5++ 14-.+A3 &+$4;1" &, (1"-.-?.19

16 «9#+%#".&+$+<— L.4 +&1+%+1I, ;#(BBI +2+ #42+, $4.4#I, 64;(. 14B42&+.3 &,B4-#,1-.%,&&4, 0&"&+, B42(A".,2? 4 $466(&+$".+%&4/ -#,1,. )D+5+"23&4 +2+ &,4D+5+"23&4, 4&+ 4.-2,G+%"J. -44:K,&+?, $4.4#I, 64;(. 4$"0".3-? 0&"A+6I6+ 12? 4B#,1,2,&&4/ "(1+.4#++, %I:+#"J. ., -44:K,&+?, $4.4#I,, B4 +M 6&,&+J, «B414/1(.» "(1+.4#++, + 14&4-?. +M 14 L.4/ -"64/ "(1+.4#++; 4-."23&I, G, -4-4:K,&+? 4&+ 4.-,+%"J.» (Anderson R., Ross V. Questions of Communication. New York, 1994. P. 238–239 (-4 --I2$"6+ &" #":4.(: Westley B. H., Maclean M. S. A<Conceptual Model for Mass Communication Research<// Journalism Quarterly. 1957. N 34. P. 31–38)).

17 ): L.+M D(&1"6,&."23&IM +06,#,&+?M $466(&+$".+%&4;4 "$." -6.: Liev-rouw L. A., Finn T. A. Identifuing the Common Dimensions of Communication: The Com-munication Systems Model<// Mediation, Information and Behavior</ Eds. B. D. Ruden, L. A. Leuvrouw. New Brunswick, 1990. P. 37–65.

18 «= 2J:4/ 1"&&4/ $466(&+$"5+4&&4/ -+.("5++ $4&.,$-. 64G,. B4%2+?.3 &" $466(&+$"5+J + &"4:4#4.» (Ibid. P. 55).

19 93,# R+%, 0"$"&A+%",. -%4J $&+;( «La communauté virtuelle. Action et communication» (Combas, 1994) ($"0"&+,6 &" .#+ B4;#,H&4-.+ $466(&+$"5++ %< H+#4$46 -6I-2,: (?0I$4%"?) $466(&+$"5+? B#4:2,6".+A&", ."$ $"$ ?0I$4%I, "$.I &, 64;(. ;"#"&.+#4%".3 4-(K,-.%2,&+? .4;4, 4 A,6 4&+ ;4%4#?.; -2":4-.3 ($466(&+$".+%&IM) 1,/-.%+/, $4.4#"? B#4?%2?,.-? % &,%4064G&4-.+ 1".3 B42&4, 4B#,1,2,&+, + %IA2,&+.3 «+&.,&5+J» 1,/-.%+?; &"$4&,5, B#"$.+A,-$+ &,%4064G&4 ;"#"&.+#4%".3 .4, A.4 %0"+641,/-.%+, :(1,. :,04H+:4A&I6 (P. 278). )1&"$4 4& &, -A+.",. L.4 B#,B?.-.%+,6, ."$ $"$ &,%4064G&4-.3 &"/.+ 4.%,. -B4-4:&" 4$"0".3-? B2414.%4#&I6 L2,6,&.46 % B2"&, 14-.+G,&+? $466(&+$"5++ + %0"+641,/-.%+?. C-2+ $.4-.4 .#,:(,. -2+H$46 6&4;4 «.4A&4-.,/», $"$, &"B#+6,#, W"$ R,&4:23 (Lenoble J. Droit et Communication. Paris, 1994 (&"B#+6,#, &" -. 34–35))+2+ [& F#y$6"& (Broekman J. Communicating Law< // Law as Communication< / Ed.

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