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과학기술정책연구원-캄보디아 연수자료집
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER Ⅰ
INTRODUCTION ········································································ 1
A. BACKGROUND ························································································· 3
B. AIM ·········································································································· 5
C. OBJECTIVES AND EXPECTED OUTPUTS ············································ 5
D. TRAINING SCHEME ················································································· 6
E. TRAINING PERIOD AND VENUE ··························································· 7
F. TRAINING PROVIDER ·············································································· 7
G. TRAINING PARTICIPANTS ······································································ 8
H. TRAINING METHODOLOGY ·································································· 11
CHAPTER Ⅱ
IMPLEMENTATION ·································································· 13
A. NEEDS ASSESSMENT SURVEY ·························································· 15
B. DAY-TO-DAY ACTIVITIES ··································································· 18
CHAPTER Ⅲ
ANALYSIS ON PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS ······················· 39
A. PROGRAM EVALUATION ····································································· 41
B. LESSONS LEARNED ············································································· 44
C. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER ····································································· 45
D. TRAINING BENEFITS ············································································· 46
E. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES ·············································· 46
CONTENTSCONTENTS
CHAPTER Ⅳ
KOREA-CAMBODIA STI COOPERATION PLAN
AND DIRECTION ···································································· 47
A. CURRENT STATUS AND ITS CHALLENGES ····································· 49
B. ISSUES FOR EFFECTIVE COLLABORATION ····································· 49
C. SCOPE OF BUSINESS IN 2018 ·························································· 50
CHAPTER Ⅴ
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ···························· 51
A. CONCLUSION ························································································ 53
B. RECOMMENDATION ·············································································· 53
APPENDIX ··············································································· 55
A. TRAINING SCHEDULE ··········································································· 57
B. NEEDS ASSESSMENT QUESTIONNAIRE ············································ 63
C. EVALUATION SURVEY ········································································· 73
D. PUBLICITY ACTIVITIES ········································································· 77
E. LECTURE MATERIALS ·········································································· 87
ChapterⅠ
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER Ⅰ
INTRODUCTION
3
CHAPTER
Ⅰ INTRODUCTION
A. BACKGROUND
The Royal Government of Cambodia(RGC) has made great progress in
economic growth, poverty reduction and human development, mainly from its
agriculture, garment, construction, and tourism sectors. Like this, the economy
of Cambodia at present follows an open market system and has seen rapid
economic progress in the last decade. Currently, Cambodia emphasized the
strategic vision of the government in shifting agriculture-dependent economy
to a broad-based industrial and S&T-oriented economy. In year 2010, the
Government of Cambodia emphasized that science and engineering human
resources must play an important role in this development process and was
seeking to develop a coherent, long-term policy regarding S&T and
mathematics education.
In 2014, RGC has been designed to the National Strategic Development Plan
2014-2018(NSDP 2014-2018), a development framework and a road map for
the implementation of Rectangular Strategy Phase III that lays out the political
commitment to a socioeconomic development process. This included the
planned actions to implement the prioritized policies and regarding S&T
stressed a development of ICT, S&T and technical training. Driven by its
long-term vision toward 2030, particularly as expressed in the "Rectangular
Strategy Phase III", in 2015, RGC has prepared and adopted Cambodia
Industrial Development Policy 2015-2025(IDP 2015-2025) as a guide to
promote the country's industrial development that will help maintain
sustainable and inclusive high economic growth and reach a middle-income
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country status. In addition, RGC by the support of the Republic of Korea
published Cambodia's National Science and Technology Master Plan 2014-2020
in 2013. This master plan is Cambodia's first national mid- and long-term S&T
strategy, and focuses on establishing S&T foundation environment, activating
S&T climate, securing R&D capabilities, and empowering of S&T based core
industry capabilities.
In the organizational structure, RGC has established the National Science
and Technology Council(NSTC)1) chaired by head of State, its General
Secretariat, and its branches in all provinces in the country for promoting and
coordinating the development of S&T in Cambodia in 2014. The General
Secretariat of the National Science and Technology Council(GS-NSTC) plays the
role as secretariat to improve the existing draft of the STI policy of Cambodia
through a well coordination of all concerned stakeholders and all relevant
agencies. The ambition of this establishment is for Cambodia to be in the same
level of the countries in the regions and in the world in term of the scientific
and technological development.
On this wise, the national policy of Cambodia stresses importantly on
economic diversification, competitiveness strengthening, and productivity
enhancement based on STI development in line with the structural
transformation and industrial development. Therefore, S&T in Cambodia is
considered one of the major requirements to achieve future national strategies.
Along with this, Cambodia faces urgent need to establish and implement its
first national STI policy, its action plans, and an efficient STI system. Overall,
Cambodia has many challenges such as the needs of capacity to establish and
implement national policies and institutional infrastructure on its own for S&T
development.
In order to realize the visions of national development with sound STI
1) GS-NSTC(General Secretariat of the National Science and Technology Council): NSTC of Cambodia is presided
over by Prime Minister and by Ministry of Planning, responsible for top and final decision making in the area
of science and technology policy.
CHAPTER Ⅰ
INTRODUCTION
5
capacity, it is necessary to enhance capacity of policymakers and other
stakeholders in Cambodia as a part of its efforts to build a STI foundation at
the early stage of STI policy development.
B. AIM
The workshop was designed to support STI capacity building for 28
senior-level officials and managers of GS-NSTC, relevant ministries, academia
and research institutions by sharing Korean experiences in STI institutional
building and human resource development policy.
In particular, this workshop was arranged to help governmental officials who
are involved in STI policy-making and R&D program management improve
practical application capabilities in their fields.
C. OBJECTIVES AND EXPECTED OUTPUTS
The main objectivs of this workshop are: a) share STI policy experiences
in Korea, and b) facilitate interactive discussions to derive implications in the
context of Cambodian STI Policies.
The GS-NSTC requested mainly to share Korean experiences on how to
formulate and develop the national STI policy, the national R&D program and
the S&T HRD policy by inviting Korean experts to Cambodia. The outputs
expected from this training workshop are as follows:
⇒ Acquire essential knowledge on framework, concepts, schemes, and tools
involved in developing STI policies and managing national R&D programs.
⇒ Obtain essential knowledge on the framework of S&T HRD policy and the
scheme of utilizing S&T human resource survey.
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⇒ Share Korean experiences and practices which were applied in the fields.
⇒ Explore policy ideas to apply in the Cambodian context through active
discussions with Korean experts in the fields
D. TRAINING SCHEME
In the process of designing the workshop, we conducted a pre-survey, called
Needs Assessment Questionnaire for GS-NSTC&STEPI Training Workshop on
STI Policy Development to better understand participants' demand. This is to
optimize participants' benefits from the training program on the basis of needs
with high priorities and to make the workshop more effective and fruitful. For
Cambodian STI policy capacity building, the GS-NSTC expressed the following
needs in three STI policy topics in order to share Korean experiences: (1)
National STI Policy, (2) National R&D Program(including National Research
Foundation) and (3) S&T HRD. Though, this workshop was designed for two
days short training program at this time. Thus, presentations at the workshop
will be mainly given in relation to fundamental issues and concerns for needs
with high preference among the various specific needs raised. STEPI hope to
make other opportunities to share additional knowledge and experiences for
proposed specific needs with follow-up consultations in coming years.
CHAPTER Ⅰ
INTRODUCTION
7
E. TRAINING PERIOD AND VENUE
The workshop was held at the Ministry of Planning, in Phnom Penh by STEPI
in collaboration with GS-NSTC from 21st to 22nd June 2017.
F. TRAINING PROVIDER
The training was organized by STEPI-IICC of Korea in partnership with
GS-NSTC of the Ministry of Planning of Cambodia.
STEPI-IICC seeks to share the Korean experience regarding STI policies with
other countries to support their economic and social development. IICC
activities include research projects, consulting, training and othercapacity
building activities. IICC will expand its partnership with governments, research
institutes, private corporations, NGOs and international organizations. Its
mission is to contribute to endogenous growth and sustainable development
of partner countries’ by incorporating Science, Technology & Innovation (STI)
as a key factor.
It works in three main areas:
1) Research and Assessment includes STI and development studies, Industrial
competitiveness analysis, and Demand survey for STI cooperation.
2) Technology Cooperation comprises National STI strategy development,
National R&D program management, and Innovation cluster strategy.
3) Education and Training Programs covers STI policy planning and
evaluation, S&T human resources development, and National/Regional
innovation capacity building.
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Program Coordinators are as follows:
1) Eun Joo Kim, Head, Capacity Building and Training(CBT) Team, STEPI-IICC
2) So Hyun Kwon, Researcher, CBT Team, STEPI-IICC
The officials of GS-NSTC are as follows:
1) Has Bunton, Secretary General
2) Ung Viseth, Deputy Secretary-General
3) Nhem Solyvann, Director of Department
4) Chin Samvibol, Deputy Secretary-General
G. TRAINING PARTICIPANTS
1) Cambodian side
No. Name Affiliation/Position E-mail
1 Has Bunton General Secretariat of the National
Science and Technology
Council(GS-NSTC)/ Secretary General
2 Man Pheareak GS-NSTC/ Deputy Secretary General [email protected]
3 Meas Rathmony GS-NSTC/ Deputy Secretary General [email protected]
4 Ung Viseth GS-NSTC/ Deputy Secretary General [email protected]
5 Chin Samvibol GS-NSTC/ Deputy Secretary General [email protected]
6 Buoy Somethea GS-NSTC/ Director Department [email protected]
7 Nhem Solyvann GS-NSTC/ Director Department [email protected]
8 Teav Rongsa GS-NSTC/ Director Department [email protected]
9 Sok Phal GS-NSTC/ Director Department [email protected]
10 Uong Phanna GS-NSTC/ Deputy Director of
Department
11 Hok Narin GS-NSTC/ Deputy Director of
Department
CHAPTER Ⅰ
INTRODUCTION
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No. Name Affiliation/Position E-mail
12 Heou Kiny GS-NSTC/ Deputy Director of
Department
13 Neth Vansitha GS-NSTC/ Bureau Chief [email protected]
14 Leng Soklay GS-NSTC/ Bureau Chief [email protected]
15 Pon Tha GS-NSTC/ Bureau Chief [email protected]
16 Pann Visal GS-NSTC/ Bureau Chief [email protected]
17 Rith Sela GS-NSTC/ Bureau Chief [email protected]
18 Pho Yath GS-NSTC/ Deputy Director of
Department
19 Soun Sokros GS-NSTC/ Bureau Chief [email protected]
20 Sokha Sreynoch GS-NSTC/ Bureau Chief [email protected]
21 Sour Samnang GS-NSTC/ Deputy Director of
Department
22 Than Molina GS-NSTC/ Deputy Director of
Department
23 Phluk Soriya GS-NSTC/ Bureau Chief [email protected]
24 Meas Linmoniroth GS-NSTC/ Bureau Chief [email protected]
25 Neth Raksmey GS-NSTC/ Bureau Chief [email protected]
26 Thy Vanna GS-NSTC/ officer [email protected]
27 Lay Samnang GS-NSTC/ officer [email protected]
28 Nou Dyla Office of the Council of Ministers/
Chief of Department ICT of Royal
Academy of Cambodia
29 Chhoeuth
Khunleap
Ministry of Education, Youth and
Sport(MoEYS)/ Deputy Director of
Department
30 Taing You Ministry of Education, Youth and
Sport(MoEYS)/ Deputy Director of
Department
31 Seingheng HUL Institute of Technology of
Cambodia(ITC)/ Director of Research
and Innovation Center
32 Ven Keahak Ministry of Industry and
Handicraft(MIH)/ Deputy Director
General
33 Chheng Phirun Ministry of Industry and
Handicraft(MIH)/ Official
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2) Korean side
No. Name Affiliation/Position E-mail
1 Yong Soo Hwang Science and Technology Policy Institute
(STEPI)
Senior Research Fellow Emeritus
2 Ji Ho Hwang Korea Institute of S&T Evaluation and
Planning(KISTEP)
Director-general of Office of National
R&D Coordination
3 Ki Beom Park Science and Technology Policy Institute
(STEPI)
Research Fellow of Human Resources
Policy Research Unit
4 Deok Soon Yim Science and Technology Policy Institute
(STEPI)/
Director of International Innovation
Cooperation Center(IICC)
5 Eun Joo Kim Science and Technology Policy Institute
(STEPI)/ Head of IICC
6 So Hyun Kwon Science and Technology Policy Institute
(STEPI)/
Researcher of IICC
No. Name Affiliation/Position E-mail
34 Lao Kimsea Ministry of Labor and Vocational
Training(MLVT)/ Bureau Chief
35 Chheang Bunthen Ministry of Post and
Telecommunications(MPTC)/ Deputy
Director General
36 Sin Sophorn Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and
Fisheries(MAFF)/ Deputy Director
37 Te Bunnarith GSPD/ Ministry of Planning [email protected]
38 Chem Phalla Cambodia Development Research
Institute(CDRI)/ Director of Research
39 Keo Borin Cambodia Development Research
Institute(CDRI)/ Researcher
CHAPTER Ⅰ
INTRODUCTION
11
H. TRAINING METHODOLOGY
The forms of the workshop are consisted of three types: a) lectures, b) group
discussions and c) study visits. During the workshop, it is strongly recommended
that the participants are kept on discussing with the Korean experts intensely
as well as deriving implications and lessons for Cambodia from the lectures.
Via PowerPoint presenation, Korean experts shared their best pratices and
experiences on STI policy, national R&D program and HRST. At the end of
each presentation, participants were allowed to raise questions, demand for
clarification or ask for recommendations which sound profitable to the context
of Cambodia, on one hand.
On the other hand, GS-NSTC’s officials had opportunity to demonstrate their
specific cases in connection with their current work status to serve as a basis
of reflection. The Korean experts provided then useful recommentations and
guided toward a realistic direction. All participants were encouraged to share
their view.
Finally, study visits in some Cambodian research institutiions were prepared
so that the Korean experts could explore the reality of the research status in
Cambodia, which would help them to better design their next training.