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October 5 th , 2015 • What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179, and 35 have mass 180.0? Electron Configurations: Chapter 5 sections 5.2 & 5.3

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Page 1: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

October 5th, 2015

• What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179, and 35 have mass 180.0?

Electron Configurations: Chapter 5 sections 5.2 & 5.3

Page 2: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

Why should I care?

The number of electrons

surrounding the nucleus determines

all the chemical properties.

Page 3: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

Electron Configuration: Shows the most stable arrangement of electrons around the nucleus.

1s1Energy Level Sublevel

# of electrons

Page 4: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

“S” Sublevel = Sphere Shaped

1 orbital

Holds two (2) electrons

Page 5: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

“P” Sublevel = Dumbbell Shaped

Three (3) orbitals

Holds two (2) electrons in each orbital (6 electrons total)

Page 6: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

“D” Sublevel = Shaped like a cloverleaf

Five (5) orbitals

Holds two (2) electrons in each orbital (10 electrons total)

Page 7: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

“F” Sublevel = Balloon Shaped

Seven (7) orbitals

Holds two (2) electrons in each orbital (14 electrons total)

Page 8: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

Sublevel Orbitals Electrons

s 1 2

p 3 6

d 5 10

f 7 14

Page 9: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

H = __ 1s

Electron Configuration

Orbital Filling Diagram

H = 1s1ATOMIC NUMBER

Page 10: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

Pauli Exclusion Principle:

2 electrons in an orbital must have opposite spin

Page 11: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

He = __ 1s

Electron Configuration

Orbital Filling Diagram

He = 1s2

Page 12: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

1st Energy Level

2nd Energy Level

3rd Energy Level

4th Energy Level

5th Energy Level

6th Energy Level

s

s

s

s

s

s

p

p

p

p

p

d

d

d

d

f

f

f

Can Hold:

Page 13: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,
Page 14: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,
Page 15: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

Li = __ __ 1s 2s

Electron Configuration

Orbital Filling Diagram

Li = 1s22s1

Page 16: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

Aufbau Principle: Electrons are stable in the lowest energy level possible

Aufbau comes from the German word aufbauprinzip which means building up.

Page 17: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

Be= __ __ 1s 2s

Electron Configuration

Orbital Filling Diagram

Be= 1s22s2

Page 18: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

B = __ __ __ __ __ 1s 2s

2p

Electron Configuration

Orbital Filling Diagram

B= 1s22s22p1

Page 19: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

Hund’s Rule: One electron enters each orbital until all have one of same spin, then pairs will be added.

Page 20: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

C = __ __ __ __ __ 1s 2s

2p

Electron Configuration

Orbital Filling Diagram

C= 1s22s22p2

Page 21: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

N = __ __ __ __ __ 1s 2s

2p

Electron Configuration

Orbital Filling Diagram

N = 1s22s22p3

Page 22: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

O = __ __ __ __ __ 1s 2s

2p

Electron Configuration

Orbital Filling Diagram

O = 1s22s22p4

Page 23: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

F = __ __ __ __ __ 1s 2s

2p

Electron Configuration

Orbital Filling Diagram

F = 1s22s22p5

Page 24: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

Ne = __ __ __ __ __ 1s 2s

2p

Electron Configuration

Orbital Filling Diagram

Ne = 1s22s22p6

Page 25: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

Rule of Eight:

An atom is most stable when it has 8 electrons in its outer

shell, called an Octet

Page 26: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,
Page 27: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

1

2

3456

7

Page 28: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

1

2

3456

7

__ __ __ __ __

3d

Page 29: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

__ __ __ __ __ __ __

4f

1

2

3456

7

Page 30: October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

Assignment

• Complete Electron Configurations & Orbital Diagram practice (WS)

• Finish atomic history (WS)

• Book Readings are due Friday.


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