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OCHA, MAC House | P.O.Box 639 | Jerusalem, 91004 | Tel/Fax: +-972-(0)2-5829962
Beit Hanoun: Northeast Gaza StripSatellite Image Analysis of Vegetation Loss 2001– 2004
During the last three years, the Israeli Defense Forces conducted extensive
levelling of citrus orchards in Beit Hanoun in the northeastern Gaza Strip. Theirexplanation was that the trees were providing cover for Palestinian militants to
launch homemade rockets into the Israeli town of Siderot. (See summary of events
on page 2).
Citrus trees are a long term agricultural investment and take five years or more to
develop into a mature fruit producing tree. The result of the clearing has been a
significant drop in the productive capacity of Beit Hanoun contributing to rising
unemployment and a further income loss for the northern Gaza Strip economy.
Satellite Image Analysis – 2001 and 2004
Beit Hanoun
• Located in northeasternGaza Strip
• Surrounding village landused to cultivate citrus andother tree crops
• Population 32,5971
A comparison was made of two satellite images covering 108.2 hectares in north Beit Hanoun.2 The first was taken inOctober 2001 and the second in October 2004 (see Satellite map page 3 - 4). The major findings from this analysis are as
below:
land covered by trees dropped from 47.5 hectares to 18.2 hectares – a decrease of 62%
“vegetation” as a percentage of total land cover dropped from 49.9% to 22.4% 3 47.5% of total land in the area is now “bare” compared to 18.7% in October 2001. The number of
uncultivated hectares has risen from 20.3 to 51.5 hectares.
____________________________________1 Palestinian locality or village population figures are taken from the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) 2005 projected populations based on a 1997 census.2 Due to clouds and shadows in the 2004 image, only visible sections of were analysed and a mask was used to remove these features ; Measurement for land (1 acre = 4 dunums = 0.4 hectare).3 Total vegetation for this analysis includes: trees and mixed vegetation (cultivated and natural)
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Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Jerusalem
-2-
OCHA oPt conducted this analysis. Comments and questions can be directed to [email protected] or +972 (0) 2 582-9962.
Satellite image provided by European Commissions Joint Research Centre and the EU Satellite Centre.
Beit Hanoun: Land Use / Land Cover Changes
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Israeli Urban Palestinian
Urban
Tree Crops Mixed
vegetation
B are land C louds and
shadows
P e r c e n t a g e
2001
2004
Israeli urban (roads and built-up areas)
Palestinian urban (roads and built-up areas)
Tree crops (primarily citrus)
Mixed vegetation (cultivated and natural)
Bare land
Clouds and shadows (a mask was used to remove these features from the analysis).
Beit Hanoun Incursions:
June – 5 August 2004: “Operation Defensive Shield” was launched following the deaths of two Israeli children in
Sderot from rockets launched by Palestinian militants from the northern Gaza Strip.Nineteen Palestinians were killed and 140 injured while 17 houses were destroyed leaving
145 homeless. Five commercial factories were also destroyed, the government girls
secondary school, the municipality building, the Agricultural Union building, and two
municipal water pumping stations were damaged.
15 May – 30 June 2003: IDF troops deployed around eastern and western Beit Hanoun in response to the firing of
rockets by Palestinian militants toward Sderot and the western Negev. Seven Palestinian
were killed and more than 100 were injured during the IDF operation while 26 houses were
destroyed rendering 37 families (223 individuals) homeless. Eleven factories and
workshops located in the Beit Hanoun Industrial Zone were destroyed and 12 more more
were damaged.
23 February 2003: There was an IDF incursion into Beit Hanoun following the injury of an Israeli in Sderot on20 February. Six Palestinians were killed and four houses were demolished.
24 January 2003: An IDF operation sealed off Beit Hanoun; a road bridge was destroyed.
17 January 2003: An IDF operation sealed off Beit Hanoun.
5 March 2002: The first Qassam rocket was fired at Sderot apartment building, injuring two children
(Guardian).
13 February 2002: There was an IDF operation in Beit Hanoun and other localities (Guardian).
15 December 2001: An IDF incursion results in four Palestinian deaths (Guardian).
17 April 2001: There was an attempt to reoccupy Beit Hanoun; however Israeli forces withdrew after two
days following US pressure. The operation followed mortar attacks across the Green Line
(Guardian).
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N O R T H E R N B E I T H A N O U N: 2 0 0 1 - 2 0 0 4 S A T E L L I T E I M A G E S
U n i t e d N a t i o n O f f i c e f o r t h e C o o r d i n a t i o n o f H u m a n i t a r i a n A f f a i r s
BEIT HANOUN
ISRAEL
ISRAEL
15 OCTOBER 2004 (IKONOS - USA)
N i s s a n i tN i s s a n i t
E r e zE r e z
BEIT HANOUN
ISRAEL
4 OCTOBER 2001 (IKONOS - USA)
ISRAELGAZA STRIPGAZA STRIP
N i s s a n i tN i s s a n i t
E r e zE r e z
Meters
0 330 660165
Meters
0 330 660165
O C H A
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4 OCTOBER 2001
15 OCTOBER 2004
BEIT HANOUN
BEIT HANOUN
ISRAEL
ISRAEL
Nissanit
Erez
Nissanit
Erez
U n i t e d N a t i o n O f f i c e f o r t h e C o o r d i n a t i o n o f H u m a n i t a r i a n A f f a i r s
N O R T H E R N B E I T H A N O U N : L A N D U S E / L A N D C O V E R C H A N G E S
2 0 0 1 - 2 0 0 4
TREE GROVES:
DENSITY
NATURAL VEGETATION /
BARE LAND
Sparce VegetationVery High
Medium
Bare Land
Clouds &Shadows
Main Roads
Israeli Settlement
Palestinian Build-up
BUILD-UP
Cartography: OCHA-oPt, July 2005Satellite images(IKONOS-USA) provided by European CommissionJoint Research Centre and the EU Satellite Centre.Includes material 2004, Space Imaging MiddleEast (LLC), all rights reserved.Forco mments contact <[email protected]> orTel. +972 (02) 582-9962, http://www.ochaopt.org
Meters
Mixedvegetation
0 330 660165