OCEAN WATER

STUDY GUIDE

Draw the shape of the ocean floor and describe the following features:

Trench

Continental shelf

Island

Mid-OceanRidgeAbyssal

Plain

Seamounts

Continental slope

2. Which ocean floor feature passes across Earth’s entire ocean floor?

Abyssal Plain

Which ocean floor feature would receive the most amount of pressure?

Trench

3. What happens to pressure as you go deeper into the ocean?

It increases

4. What happens to temperature as you go deeper into the ocean?

It decreases

5. What happens to density and salinity as you go deeper into the ocean?

They increase!

6. What is salinity?

The amount of dissolved salts in the water

7. When a fresh water source meets a salt water source, what happens to the salinity? Give an example.

The salinity decreasesA RIVER flowing into an

OCEAN

8. Where would the salinity of ocean water be the highest?

The POLES (freezing)North Pole & South Pole

9. How do elements which combine to form salt get into Earth’s oceans?

Through the processes of WEATHERING & EROSION

10. What causes waves?

ENERGY from the WIND

11. How could you model a wave?

Blowing your soup or cup of hot cocoa

12. What causes tides?

The interaction of the Earth, Sun, & Moon.

13. How many hours are between a high or low tide and the next high or low tide?

12 HOURS

14. If a high tide occurs at 11am, when will the next high tide occur?

11PM

15. What has the most influence on tides?

The gravitational pull of the MOON!

16. Illustrate/Explain the arrangement (position) of the sun, Earth and moon at a neap tide and spring tide.

Neap Tide Spring Tide

17. What is a current?

A large stream of moving water that flows through the ocean

18. How are surface currents similar to waves?

Both are caused by the ENERGY of WIND!

19. What is the Coriolis Effect and what impact does it have on ocean currents?

The way Earth’s rotation makes winds in the Northern Hemisphere curve to the right & winds in the Southern Hemisphere curve to the left.

It also causes the currents to curve right or left in the 2 hemispheres

20. What causes deep ocean currents?

Differences in Density

21. Why do deep ocean currents flow more slowly than surface currents?

Because of an increase in density & salinity found on the ocean floor.

22. Why do currents curve in the Northern Hemisphere?

Due to the Coriolis Effect!

Day Time Tide Height

(meters)

Time Tide Height

(meters)

Time Tide Height

(meters)

Time Tide Height

(meters) Saturday 1:00 PM 1.5 7:00PM 0.5 1:00AM 1.4 7:00AM 0.2 Sunday 2:20 PM 1.7 7:58PM 0.6 2:45AM 1.5 8:29 AM 0.1 Monday 3:00AM 1.9 9:09AM 0.6 3:15PM 1.8 8:52PM 0.3

23. How many low tides occurred on Saturday? ____ How many High Tides? _____ 24. If high tide occurred at 3:00 A.M on Monday, what time did the next high tide occur?

25. At what time(s) did high tide occur on Sunday?

22

3:15PM

2:20PM and 2:45AM