objectives 1.you will identify what is meant by the term ‘suffix’. 2.you will identify and...
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Objectives
1. You will identify what is meant by the term ‘suffix’.
2. You will identify and demonstrate the function of the most common suffixes.
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Most Frequent
SuffixesWord Endings You Can Really Use
Developed byIvan Seneviratne
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What are Suffixes?
A suffix is a word part that can be attached to the end of a base word or a root word to form a new word.
They are last syllables like “ed” and “ly” that have their own meaning.
base word + suffix
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Example
It was hard to find a hotel vacancy in the crowded city.
The word vacancy is made up of the base word vacant “meaning not occupied”, and the suffix -ancy, meaning “state or quality of”. By combining the meaning of the two, the reader can determine that the meaning for vacancy is “the state of being unoccupied”.
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Why do we learn suffixes?
Word endings add meaning to many thousands of words. If you learn a few common suffixes, you open up the meaning of many thousands of words.
The four most frequent suffixes represent 97% of all words with suffixes!
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Derivational suffixes
Noun Suffixes
Adjective Suffixes
Verb Suffixes
Adverb Suffixes
Inflectional Suffixes
Change the number
Change verb tense
Change the degree
Kinds of
Suffixes
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Inflectional Suffixes
Inflectional suffixes, can be added to…
• nouns to change the number,• verbs to change the tense and • adjectives to change the degree of comparison
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Inflectional Suffixes
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Derivational suffixes
Derivational suffixes, are added to a root or base word to change the word’s meaning or part of speech.They are divided into four categories:
Noun Suffixes, Adjective Suffixes, Verb Suffixes and Adverb Suffixes.
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Noun Suffixes
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Adjective Suffixes
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Verb Suffixes
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Adverb Suffixes
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Suffix Spelling Rule 1
If the suffix begins with a consonant the root will need a combining vowel before attaching to the suffix.
Example Word: cardiogram
Breakdown of word: cardi/o/gram
Root = cardi
Combining vowel = o
Suffix = gram
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Suffix Spelling Rule 2
If the suffix begins with a vowel the root will attach directly to it.
Example Word: cardialgia
Breakdown of word: cardi/algia
Root = cardi
Suffix = algia
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The Common Suffixes
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Let’s View the Top Suffixes
-able, ible = can be done : doable
-al, ial = has property of : personal
-ed = past verb : turned
-en = made of : golden
-er = comparative : higher
-er = one who : doer, actor
-est = superlative : best, biggest
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Your Turn!!!
1. Your current vocabulary is question__.
2. My car is mine; it is my own__ property.
3. Yesterday Abdul park__ his Honda there.
4. The chairs in those rooms are wood__.
5. Gas costs now are high__ than yesterday.
6. An act__ in the movie Star Wars is Luke.
7. Advanced Writing is the high__ ESL course.
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Let’s View the Top Suffixes
–ful = full of : careful, joyful
–ic = having property of : linguistic
–ing = present participle : running
–(t)ion = act, process : action
–(i)ty = state of : infinity, sanity
–(t)ive = adjective : motive, votive
–less = without : fearless, careless
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Your Turn!!!
1. Are you care__ when you write papers?
2. ESL is the most fantast__ course of all.
3. Are you learn__ the top 20 suffixes?
4. Where’s he going? What’s his destina__?
5. If we over-learn, do we keep our sani__?
6. What is Chen’s mot__ for taking math?
7. Don’t be too care__ when you write the paragraphs for our course.
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Let’s View the Top Suffixes
–ly = having : quickly, quietly
–ment = action, process : enjoyment
–ness = state of : kindness
–ous = having : joyous, religious
–s = more than one : books
–y = having : happy, windy
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Your Turn!!!
1. Tina took the car since she want__ it.
2. Now the car is run__ down the road.
3. Tina is in a hurry; she’s driving quick__.
4. Do you think that she has any ticket__?
5. Is learning the most used suffixes do__?
6. Is your own private property person__?
7. Are you smart__ now than last year?
8. Are you the smart__ student in class?
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This presentation is developed by Ivan Seneviratne © 2007 purely for personal [email protected]