Objective Specification

Behavioral Objectives• "Intended change brought about in a

learner." (Popham, et. al. 1969)• "A statement of what students ought to

be able to do as a consequence of instruction." (Goodlad, in Popham et al., 1969)

• "Explicit formulations of ways in which students are expected to be changed by the educative process." (Bloom, 1956)

Four

Elements of

Behavioral

Objectives

1.Good behavioral objectives are student-oriented.  A behavioral objective, which is student-oriented, places the emphasis upon what the student is expected to do, not upon what the teacher will do.

2.Good behavioral objectives describe learning outcomes.  The important thing to keep in mind here is that we are interested in what the students will learn to do.  In other words, it is the learning outcome that is important, not the learning activities that should lead to that outcome. 

3.Good behavioral objectives are clear and understandable.  The first prerequisite for a clear and understandable objective is explicitness.  It should contain a clearly stated verb that describes a definite action or behavior and, in most cases, should refer to an object of that action.  

4. Good behavioral objectives are observable.  The evaluation of learning outcomes hinges on the ability to observe those outcomes.  The key to an observable objective is an observable verb.  

Characteristics of

Behavioral Objectives

1. Person(s) for whom the objective is written (the learner)

2. Behavior targeted for

change

3. Conditions under which a behavior will be performed

4. Criteria for determining when the acceptable performance of the behavior occurs.

Advantages of

Behavioral Objectives

1.Guide for the teacher relative to the design of instruction 

2. Guide for the teacher for evaluation/test design (e.g. written tests, OSCEs, etc)

3. Guide for the learner relative to learning focus 

4. Guide for the learner relative to self assessment 

Thank You

Angelica V.VillegasBEED 2-1 Day

A teacher affects eternity; he can never tell where his influence stops.-Henry Adams