Object Oriented Programming (FIT-II)

J. H. Wang

Mar. 5, 2015

Instructor & TA

• Instructor– J. H. Wang (王正豪 )– Associate Professor, CSIE, NTUT– Office: R1534, Technology Building– E-mail: jhwang@csie.ntut.edu.tw– Tel: ext. 4238– Office Hour: 9:00-12:00 am, every Tuesday and

Thursday

• TA– Mr. Ku (at R1424, Technology Building)

Course Overview• Course: Object Oriented Programming (FIT-II)• Time: 1:10-4:00pm, Friday• Place: R226, 6th Teaching Building• Textbook: Absolute C++, 5th edition, by Walter Savitch and Kenrick

Mock, Addison-Wesley, 2012. (開發 )– The 3rd or 4th edition is also acceptable (with some changes)

• References: – How to Solve it: OOP, by Prof. Y. C. Cheng (in Chinese)– C++ Primer, 5th edition, by Stanley B. Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and

Barbara E. Moo, Addison-Wesley, 2012. – C++ How to Program, 8th edition, by Harvey Deitel and Paul Deitel,

Prentice Hall, 2012.– The C++ Programming Language, 3rd edition, by Bjarne Stroustrup,

Addison-Wesley, 1997.• Prerequisites:

– Basic computer skills (FIT-I basic)– Working knowledge of high-level programming languages such as C

(FIT-I pro)

Target Audience

• For those who– Might NOT major in CSIE but are interested in

programming techniques, and– Have accomplished the courses in software

engineering track: FIT-I basic & FIT-I pro, and– Are willing to prepare for intermediate and

advanced software engineering courses

Emphases of Teaching

• Basic concepts of the object-oriented programming paradigm

• Hands-on experience of C++ programming skills

• Introduction to problem solving techniques, basic data structures and algorithm design

Teaching

• Lectures • Quiz

– About 2 quizzes – During the first month

• Homework and program assignments– About 5 assignments– Homework should be turned in within two

weeks

• Mid-term and final exam

(Tentative) Grading Policy

• Homework and program assignments: ~40%

• Quiz: ~10-15%

• Midterm: ~20-25%

• Final exam: ~25%

Goal

• Introducing object-oriented programming concepts– Fundamental constructs in OOP with C++– Programming skills practices – Basic concepts: encapsulation, polymorphism, …

• Preparing for advanced courses– Application software design & object-oriented problem

solving– Software engineering & project management

Tentative Schedule

• Organization of the textbook– Review of computer programming (3-4 wks)

• Overview of Object Oriented Programming• Ch. 1-5: programs, functions, parameters, flow of control,

arrays, structures– OOP (focus) (10-12 wks)

• Ch. 6-8: classes, constructors, friends, references• Ch. 9, 10, 12: More constructs: strings, pointers and dynamic

arrays, streams and file I/O• Ch.14: Inheritance• Ch.15: Polymorphism

– Generic programming (optional) (2 wks)• Ch. 16: templates• Ch. 17: Standard Template Library

Tentative Schedule (Cont’)

• Schedule– Basically, 1 or 2 weeks per chapter

• The tentative schedule is subject to changes based on the learning status

– Course Web Page: http://www.ntut.edu.tw/~jhwang/OOP/

• Please check the latest announcements, homeworks, exams, …

Program Development Environment

• Free C++ Development Environments– GCC on Linux/UNIX servers (ntut.edu.tw)

• Not friendly for beginners

– Windows-based• Dev C++ (http://www.bloodshed.net/devcpp.html): not maintained

– For further development, please check Orwell’s Engine (http://orwellengine.blogspot.com/ )

– Other choices: wxDev-C++ by Colin Laplace et. al.

• Cygwin (http://www.cygwin.com/): UNIX-like emulation on Windows• MinGW (http://www.mingw.org/)

• Commercial tools– Microsoft Visual C++– Borland C++– …

Homework Submission

• Online submission instructions– Programs and homeworks in electronic files must be

submitted to the TA online:• Submission site: http://mslin.ee.ntut.edu.tw/• Account: At your first login, please use your student IS as the

account and password. Remember to change the password as soon as possible for better security.

• Filename: Please compress your source codes into one file, and name it according to your ID and each homework. For example, [id]_HW1.zip or [id]_quiz2.rar.

• If the submission website fails, the NTUT Network Campus might be used for homework submission

Programming Paradigms

• Low-level vs. high-level programming languages – relative concepts– Machine vs. human

• Styles of computer programming– Procedural programming– Object-oriented programming– Functional programming– Logic programming– …

Low-level vs. High-level Programming Languages

• Low-level: – Machine code – Assembly

• High-level: (abstraction from the computer details)– Basic, C, Java, Pascal, C++, Perl, Python, …

Styles of Computer Programming

• Procedural programming– Imperative: procedures, routines, subroutines,

methods, or functions• Object-oriented programming• Functional programming

– Mathematical functions– E.g. Lisp, Erlang, Haskell, …

• Logic programming– Logic: facts, rules– E.g. Prolog

• …

Examples (1/5)

• Problem: To calculate Fibonacci numbers– Fn = Fn-1 + Fn-2 , n>=2

F0 = 0, F1 = 1

• How to program?– (The following examples are adapted from

Wikipedia.)

Examples (2/5)

• Functional: (Haskell)– fib 0 = 0

fib 1 = 1fib n = fib (n-1) + fib (n-2)

– Orfib first second = first : fib second (first+second)fibonacci = fib 0 1main = print (fibonacci !! 10)

Examples (3/5)

• Procedural: (C)– int fib(int n)

{ int first = 0, second = 1; for (int i=0, i<n; i++) { int sum = first+second; first = second; second = sum; } return first;}

Examples (4/5)• Assembly: (in x86 using MASM syntax)

– mov edx, [esp+8]cmp edx, 0 ja @f mov eax, 0 ret @@: cmp edx, 2 ja @f mov eax, 1 ret @@: push ebx mov ebx, 1 mov ecx, 1 @@: lea eax, [ebx+ecx] cmp edx, 3 jbe @f mov ebx, ecx mov ecx, eax dec edx jmp @b @@: pop ebx ret

Examples (5/5)

• Machine code: (a function in 32-bit x86)– 8B542408 83FA0077 06B80000 0000C383

FA027706 B8010000 00C353BB 01000000 B9010000 008D0419 83FA0376 078BD98B C84AEBF1 5BC3

OOP: Basic Concepts

• Encapsulation– Object

• Instance of class– Members

• Attributes • Methods

• Abstraction– Composition

• E.g.: car – Inheritance

• E.g.: insects vs. ants, bees, …

• Polymorphism– Many meanings for one function

OOP: Why C++?

• OO programming language: Why C++? – C++: general purpose programming language with a

bias towards systems programming that [from Bjarne Stroustrup’s homepage]

• Is a better C• Supports data abstraction, object-oriented programming, and

generic programming

– C++ has • Many users• Wide applications

– Others: Smalltalk, Java, …

Some Comparisons

• Three parts in C++– Low-level language: largely inherited from C

• Data types, flow of control, functions, arrays, pointers, …

– Advanced language features: to define our own data types (major difference)

• Class, inheritance, polymorphism, template, exception, …

– Standard library: some useful data structures and algorithms

• Containers, iterators, …

Different Learning Approaches

• When to introduce “objects”: differences among some textbooks– C++ How to Program: “early objects” approach

• “late objects” approach also available

– C++ Primer: “early objects”, covering basics and library together

– Absolute C++: intermediate– The C++ Programming Language: “The Bible”,

as a reference

• What to learn– Object-oriented concepts via OO language

constructs• Bottom-up: class, inheritance, polymorphism, …

– constructors, operators, destructors -> type– E.g.: Lego

– Problem-solving methodology• Top-down: problem, understanding, designing,

implementation, testing– Case-based: problem -> solution (algorithm)– E.g.: divide-and-conquer, U-D-C-L (in How-to-Solve-it: OOP),

…

How to Prepare Yourself?

• Practice, practice, practice…– Exercises on textbooks and reference books– Online resources: programming exercises,

forums, …– Programming examination: CPE (Collegiate

Programming Examination), …– Programming contests

• ACM ICPC (International Collegiate Programming Contest)

• IOI (International Olympiad in Informatics)• Domestic: e-tutor, …• …

Thanks for Your Attention!