obesity
DESCRIPTION
Obesity. Obesity. “Obesity is perhaps the biggest threat to the health, welfare, and future of our country.” Dr. William Dietz, CDC Obesity is a personal and public policy problem It affects everyone! Obesity is a risk factor for almost every chronic disease. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
“Obesity is perhaps the biggest threat to the health, welfare, and future of our country.”
Dr. William Dietz, CDC
Obesity is a personal and public policy problem
It affects everyone!
Obesity is a risk factor for almost every chronic disease.
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5’ 4” person)
No Data <10% 10%–14%
CDC, 2011
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5’ 4” person)
No Data <10% 10%–14%
CDC, 2011
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5’ 4” person)
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19%
CDC, 2011
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5’ 4” person)
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% ≥20%
CDC, 2011
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5’ 4” person)
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% ≥20%
CDC, 2011
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5’ 4” person)
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% ≥25%
CDC, 2011
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5’ 4” person)
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% 25%–29% ≥30%
CDC,2011
Portion Sizes
Physical Inactivity
Genetics
Media
Technology
Energy imbalance Is it enough to say “Eat less, exercise more?”
Humans are programmed to eat and store excess. How is that working against us now?
Portion Sizes Increased dramatically over the last 20 years
School Lunches
Government subsidies
(Brownell, 2006)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O8g3e22ycIw
Less than 5% of adults (20+ y/o) meet guidelines for physical activity.
Schools cutting PE
Sedentary workplaces
Communities conducive to activity or exercise?
“Toxic advertising”
Health claims on unhealthy foods
TV time for children & adults increasedOther media
More than 75% of Americans drive to work.
Jobs requiring physical exertion decreased
Everyday conveniences
HyperlipidemiaElevated lipids in the blood
HypercholesterolemiaHigh cholesterol (LDLs usually)
Not always due to dietary intake
http://www.mayoclinic.com/images/image_popup/ww5r236.jpg
Blood supply is somehow cut off to the brain causing brain cells to die. “Approx. 2 million brain cells die per minute
during a stroke aging the brain about 3.5 years each hour.” (Insel & Roth, 2009)
Important to receive prompt treatment upon onset of symptoms.
Source: http://www.strokesurvivors.ca/new/images/stroke_diagram.gif
Ischemic: blockage in the blood vessel80% of strokes are ischemicTwo types of ischemic strokes.
Thrombotic – blood clot forms in the brain
Embolic – wandering clot travels to the brain
Hemorrhagic – rupture of vessel
~700,000 Americans suffer a stroke every year. 1/3 will die.
Strokes may cause permanent damage Paralysis, speech impairment,
memory loss, behavior changes.
Oregon,gov, 2010
Sudden numbness/weakness of face, arm, leg – especially on one side.
Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding.
Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes. Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of
balance/coordination Sudden severe headache with no known
cause.
“Give me a smile.” “Hold out your arms” “Say this for me.”
Get help immediately
TIA – “ministroke” Temporary stroke like symptoms Brief, usually only last a few minutes No permanent damage occurs Can be a precursor to a stroke.
Hypertension: arteries are narrowed, causes heart to pump harder which creates more force against the artery walls.
“Silent” – usually no symptoms but damage is still occurring.Can cause damage to almost every organ in the
body. Damage is irreversible.High blood pressure: 140/90
Can have “prehypertension”
Primary (essential):90% of all casesCause is unknown – probably genetics and
environment. Secondary
10% of casesCause is due to medications or other diseases.
Approx. 1/3 of Americans have hypertension.Risk increases with age.
If left untreated, carries high mortality risk.
Risk factors:Family history, race, stress, obesity, tobacco
use, aging, high sodium intake
Complications:Stroke, heart attack, heart failure,
hypertensive retinopathy, renal failure
What does sodium do for you?Helps maintain fluid balanceHelps transmit nerve impulses Influences contraction and relaxation of muscles
Too much sodiumCauses high blood pressureMay lead to fluid retention
The human body requires about 500 mg of sodium per day, while the average American usually ingests between 2,300-6,900 mg each day.
It is recommended to stay in a range of 1,500 to 2,400 mg / day.
www.mayoclinic.com
On food labels:Monosodium glutamate (MSG)Baking sodaBaking powderDisodium phosphateSodium alginateSodium nitrate or nitrite
Prevent, prevent, prevent
But how????
Individual education / motivationGovernment policyBuilt environments