nutrition concerns and complaints of pregnancy
DESCRIPTION
Nutrition Concerns and Complaints of Pregnancy. Herbal Supplements. They are have not been tested and approved by the FDA Herbs may contain substances that can cause miscarriage, premature birth, uterine contractions, or injury to the fetus. Ask your healthcare provider None are recommended. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Nutrition Concerns and Complaints of Pregnancy
Herbal Supplements
They are have not been tested and approved by the FDA
Herbs may contain substances that can cause miscarriage, premature birth, uterine contractions, or injury to the fetus.
Ask your healthcare provider
None are recommended
Pica
Pica is the practice of craving substances with little or no nutritional value.
Common: dirt, clay, and laundry starch, ice, cornstarch, toothpaste, soap, sand, plaster, coffee grounds, baking soda, and cigarette ashes.
May be caused by nutrient deficiency (iron)
None, Seek the help of your healthcare provider
May prevent absorption of nutrient and Cause a nutrient deficiency or items may be toxic
Alcohol
Causes birth defect FASLearning disabilities and
behavioral problemsHeart and Facial
deformities
Most women do not know that they are pregnant for the first month and a half. Do not drink if you may become pregnant
No amount of Alcohol is safe
Caffeine
Caffeine is a stimulant and a diuretic Raises blood pressure
and heart rate Lowers body fluid
levelsCaffeine crosses the
placenta to your baby Interrupt wake and
sleep patterns
The less you consume the better
Artificial Sweeteners
Some non-nutritive sweeteners are considered relatively safe during pregnancy
The following are not considered safe: Sweet N Low
Ask your doctor but it is best to avoid them
Heavy Metals
Drinking contaminated water or Eating fish contaminated with mercury
Mercury poisoning can affect brain development and the nervous system.
AVOID: Grouper, shark, king mackerel, swordfish and tilefish
No more than one serving per week for other fish
Pesticides
During the first trimester of pregnancy, the nervous system is rapidly developing in your baby, so you definitely want to avoid any type of contact with pesticides during this time.
Oral clefts, NTD, Heart and Limb Defects
Avoid them as much as possible
Especially during the 1st trimester
Smoking
When you smoke during pregnancy, your baby is exposed to dangerous chemicals which can lessen the amount of oxygen that your baby gets.
Oxygen is very important for helping your baby grow healthy.
Can cause: Etopic Pregnancy Still Birth Cleft lip or palate Low birth weight
None is safeAvoid 2nd and 3rd hand
smoke also
Neural Tube Defects
Neural tube defects are birth defects of the brain and spinal cord.
The two most common neural tube defects are spina bifida and anencephaly.
Getting enough folic acid prevents most neural tube defects.
Constipation
Constipation occurs when there is abdominal pain or discomfort, difficult and infrequent bowel movements, and the passage of hard stools.
Eat a high fiber dietDrink a lot of fluidsExercise routinelyOver-the-counter
remediesReduce or
eliminate iron supplements
Hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids are varicose (swollen) veins of the rectum and are usually painful
Constipation combined with the increased pressure on the rectum and perineum is the primary reason that women experience hemorrhoids.
Place baking soda (wet or dry) on the area to reduce itching
Use witch hazel to reduce swelling or bleeding
Avoid sitting for long periods Use Tucks Medicated Pads Eat a high fiber diet Drink plenty of fluids Drink prune juice Do not delay going to the
bathroom Eat plenty of fruits and
vegetables
Heartburn
Heartburn occurs when the valve between the stomach and the food pipe (esophagus) are unable to prevent the stomach acids from passing back into the esophagus.
Pregnancy can increase the frequency of heartburn because the hormone progesterone causes the valve to relax.
Eat five to six smaller meals throughout the day rather than three large meals
Wait an hour after eating to lie down
Avoid spicy, greasy and fatty foods
If you are experiencing heartburn, there are a few natural things you can do to relieve the symptoms:
Eat yogurt or drink a glass of milk
Try a tablespoon of honey in a glass of warm milk
Gestational Diabetes
If diabetes is not well controlled, a mom and baby could face serious health complications:
The woman is more likely to have a miscarriage and stillbirth.
Heart defects and neural tube defects are more common among babies born to women with diabetes.
The baby is likely to be very large (10 pounds or more).
Take insulin as directed by doctor
Eat plenty of lean meats, fruits, vegetables and whole grains
Avoid junk foodsExercise 2 ½ hrs per
week
Hypertension
High blood pressure From water retentionCan prevent the
placenta from getting enough blood.
If the placenta doesn't get enough blood, your baby gets less oxygen and food. This can result in low birth weight.
It is also called toxemia or preeclampsia
Rest, lying on your left side to take the weight of the baby off your major blood vessels.
Increase prenatal checkups.
Consume less salt.Drink 8 glasses of
water a day.
Nausea & Vomiting
Mild nausea and vomiting (often called "morning sickness") are common during the first trimester of pregnancy. Morning sickness doesn't necessarily occur in the morning.
Get up slowly in the morning.
Eat smaller meals.Drink fluids often
during the day.