Balanced diet – The overall dietary pattern of foods consumed that provide all the essential nutrients in the appropriate amounts to support life processes, such as growth in children without promoting excess weight.

“Diet”-The kind of food that we eat and drink regularly.

A balance diet containsi. Carbohydratesii.Proteinsiii.Vitaminsiv.Mineral saltsv.Fibervi.water

Functions of the important food classes

1. Carbohydrates-supply

energy

2. Proteins- Provide

materials for growth and

repair.

3. Fats- Provide energy and

stores excess food.Soluble

1.

2.

3.

CONTINUE….

4. Vitamin -Need for small quantity to keep healthy.

5.Mineral salts-For healthy teeth, bones, musles,.etc.

6. Dietary fiber-Help intestine to function, properly.

5.

6

7.

1. Milk, and Milk products (little bit)

2. Meat, Fish, Eggs, nuts, Beans (20%)

3. Vegetables and Fruits (20%)

4. Rice, Bread, Cereals ( 60%)

Table 1:Factor effecting daily energy requirement of the human body

Bil Factor Effect Reason

1. Age -Children and young (21 years) need more energy.-Old and aged people need less energy

-A high metabolic rate is needed to produce extra energy for physical growth- Metabolism slow down

2. Body Size

-Person same sex and age need more energy compare smaller build

-More energy for basal metabolism and smaller build

3. Sex -Men have high metabolism then women

-Tend to be bigger, and more actively

4. Genetic -Genetic disposition -Metabolic rate influence by your genes

5. Occupation

-Heavy and active work need more energy.

-Higher energy requirement

6. Climate -Living in cold countries need more energy to maintain body temperature compared to those living in the tropics.

-More heat lost to surroundings in colder countries

7. Pregnancy

-Pregnant women require more energy than non-pregnant women

-Higher metabolic rate is required to support the energy requirements of the mother and developing fetus

Definition of energy value of food:

The energy produced when 1 gram of food is completely combusted

Measured in units of joule per gram (J/g) or kilojoules per gram (kJ/g)

How to calculate energy value in food sample???

Energy release: Q=mct

Q= Heatm=massc= heat capacity 4.2J/goCt=temperature

energy Value (J/g)=Mass of water (g) x Temperature rise (oC) x 4.2 J/goCMass of Food (g)

DAILY ENERGY REQUIREMENT OF THE HUMAN BODY

AGE BODY SIZE

SEX

GENES

OCCUPATIONPREGNANCY

CLIMATE

LACTATION

LIFE STYLE

Diet – kinds of food we eat and drink regularly

Balanced diet – contains carbohydrates, proteins, fats vitamins, mineral salts, fibres & water in the correct proportions

Energy , Q = mct m = mass c = 4.2 J/g0C t = temperature