nucleic acids: information molecules · 2014-12-01 · nucleic acids " function: ! genetic...
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Regents Biology 2006-2007
Nucleic acids: Information molecules
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Regents Biology
Nucleic Acids Examples
u DNA § DeoxyriboNucleic
Acid
u RNA § RiboNucleic Acid
RNA
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Regents Biology
DNA
Nucleic Acids § Function:
u genetic material § stores information
w genes w blueprint for building proteins
n DNA → RNA → proteins § transfers information
w blueprint for new cells w blueprint for next generation
proteins
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Regents Biology
A A
A
A
T C
G
C G
T G
C T
Genes (DNA) are needed
to run bodies every day… to make you and me… to make new cells…
to make babies!
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Regents Biology
Nucleic acids
§ Building block = nucleotides
u 5 different nucleotides u different nitrogen bases u A, T, C, G, U
nucleotide – nucleotide – nucleotide – nucleotide
phosphate
sugar N base
Nitrogen bases I’m the
A,T,C,G or U part!
![Page 6: Nucleic acids: Information molecules · 2014-12-01 · Nucleic Acids " Function: ! genetic material " stores information # genes # blueprint for building proteins $ DNA → RNA →](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022050102/5f4181a1011271575970a3ad/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Regents Biology
Nucleotide chains § Nucleic acids
u nucleotides chained into a polymer § DNA
w double-sided w double helix w A, C, G, T
§ RNA w single-sided w A, C, G, U
phosphate
sugar N base
phosphate
sugar N base
phosphate
sugar N base
phosphate
sugar N base
strong bonds
RNA
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Regents Biology
DNA § Double strand twists into a double helix
u weak hydrogen bonds between nitrogen bases join the 2 strands § A pairs with T w A :: T
§ C pairs with G w C :: G
u the two strands can separate when our cells need to make copies of it
weak bonds
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Regents Biology
Copying DNA § Replication
u copy DNA u 2 strands of DNA helix are
complementary § they are matching § have one, can build other § have one, can rebuild the whole
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Regents Biology
§ Copying DNA u pairing of the bases
allows each strand to serve as a pattern for a new strand
Newly copied strands of DNA
DNA replication
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Regents Biology
Watson and Crick … and others… 1953 | 1962
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Regents Biology
HELIXHELIX
Let’s build some DNA!