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NUCLEARPOWERPLANT

NAME:SUARDIBINNANANG

D20091035131

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IssuesOnNuclearPowerInMalaysia Malaysiaonlyrelyonfossilfuelsandhydropowertogenerateelectricity.

However,duetotheincreasingcostonfossilfuelsandlimitedpuregas.Malaysiahadtofindanalternativewaystofulfillenergydemandinthiscountry.

Currently,electricityconsumptioninMalaysiais14,000megawatts,whilethemaximumcapacitythat

countryprovidedis23,000megawatts. Malaysiahasapprovedtheproposaltobuildanuclearpowerplantwillstartitsoperationalfrom2021.

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A ( )isa

thermalpowerstationinwhichthe

heatsourceisoneormorenuclear

reactors.Asinaconventionalthermal

powerstationtheheatisusedtogeneratesteamwhichdrivesasteam

turbineconnectedtoagenerator

whichproduceselectricity.

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Innuclearpowerplants,uraniumfuel

undergoesnuclearfissionandgeneratesanenormousamountof

heat.Theheatmakeshigh-

temperatureandhigh-pressuresteam

thatrotatesturbinestogenerate

electricity.

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AdvantagesOfNuclear

Power

Nuclearpowerplantsaremore

efficientthaneverbefore. Reducegreenhousegasemissions.

Althoughtheinitialcostofbuilding

nuclearplantsishigh,therunningcostsarerelativelylow.

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DisadvantagesOfNuclear

Power -High-levelradioactivewasteisverydangerous.Itlastsfortensofthousandsof

yearsbeforedecayingtosafelevels. Evensmallradiationleakscancausedevastatingeffectsonthesurroundingenvironmentand

people.AcataclysmicaccidentcancausewidespreadradiationpoisoningacrossmanycountriesastheChernobylNucleardisasterproved.

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DisadvantagesOfNuclear

Power

Duetothewidespreaddamageareactorbreachcouldcause,nuclearpowerplantscouldbecomefavouredterroristtargets.Somenuclear

reactionsalsoproduceplutoniuminlargequantitieswhichcouldbeusedinnuclearweaponry.

Nuclearpowerisnotarenewablesourceofenergy.Uraniumisametalthatisminedfromthegroundinmuchthesamewayascoalismined.Itisascarcemetalandthesupplyofuranium

willonedayrunoutmakingallthenuclearpowerplantsobsolete.Nuclearpowerisnotalongtermsolutiontofindingarenewable,environmentallyfriendlyenergysource.

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DisadvantagesOfNuclear

Power -Ittakesalongtimetoplanandbuildanuclearpowerplant

thatissafeandeffective.Nuclearpoweristhereforetoaquicksolutiontotheworldsenergyissues.Inadditiontothetimeittaketoeffectivelyplanandbuildanuclearpowerplant,alotofmoney

hastobespenttomakesurethattheplantissafe.Unsafeplantsmeanthattherearemorelikelytobeaccidents.

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AllnuclearpowerplantsmustbelicensedbytheUnitedStatesNuclearRegulatoryCommission(U.S.

NRC).Beforeanewreactorisbuilt,theU.S.NRCmustapprovetheconstructionplans.Theconstructionofthenewreactorismonitoredwhileinprogress,andafinalinspectionisrequiredwhenthenewreactorisfinished.Afterpassingthisinitialinspection,nuclearpowerplantsmustsubmitto

futureinspectionsbytheU.S.NRCandotherregulatoryagenciesatleasteveryotheryear.Nuclearpowerplantinspectionsarequitethoroughandchecknotonlythephysicalconditionoftheplantbutalsocompliancewithlawsregardingplantmaintenance,

employeetraining,operatingprocedures,emergencypreparednessandsecurity.

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Eventually,theuraniumusedtoproduceenergyinanuclearreactoragesandisnolongeruseful.Thisspenturaniumisnotabletocontinueproducingenergy,butitisstillvery

radioactive.Thespenturaniumisplacedintostoragecontainersandmaybestoredattheplantorshippedtoastoragefacility.Thestoragecontainersusedtostoreandtransporturaniummustpassaseriesofsafetyteststoensurethattheywillnotopenorleak.Thecontainersaredroppedontoahardsurfacefromaheightof30feet.Theymustbe

abletotoleratethisdroponbothaflatsurfaceandanunevensurfacewithoutpuncturingoropening.Nextthecontainerissubjectedtoafirefor30minutes.Thefiremustbe1,475degreesF.Finally,thecontainerisimmersedinwater.Containersmustpassallofthesetestswithoutopeningorleakinginordertobeusedforuraniumstorage.

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theplantsinstallfireresistantinsulationtokeepfiresfromspreading.Sensitivefirealarmsandautomaticsprinklersystemsarealsousedtodetectandextinguishfires.Firedetectionissoimportantthatplantsnothavingadequatefiremonitoringequipmentarerequiredtohaveateamofindividualsdedicatedtothejobofwatchingforfires.Inaddition,nuclearpowerplantsarerequiredtohaveatleastonecontrolstationcompletelyprotectedagainstfirefromwhichworkerscansafelyshutdownthenuclearreactorifnecessary.

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NuclearpowerplantsmustreportcertaineventstotheU.S.NRCeveniftheseeventsoccurasapartoftheplant'snormaloperations.Plantsmustfileareporteverytimetheplantisshutdownforanyreason.Anyproblemswithplantsafetyorsecurityequipmentshouldalsobereported.Anyeventthatmightnegativelyaffectplantsafetymustbereported,evenif

thiseventisoutsidethebordersandcontrolofthenuclearpowerfacility.

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Conclusion

Theusesofnuclearenergyhave

manyadvantagesand

disadvantages.

Suchcountrymusttakeregulations

beforetryingtobuildanuclearpowerplaninordertoavoidaccident.

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