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The Limiting Reactant
Aluminum sulfate reacts with barium nitrate to form a solution of aluminum nitrate and a precipitate of barium sulfate. Imagine you have dissolved 100 g of each reactant into their own 100 mL of solution and mixed them together.
aluminum sulfate + barium nitrate ‐‐> aluminum nitrate + barium sulfate
What would the mass of the barium sulfate be if you filtered it and dried it?
Use mole‐mole or mass‐mass ratios to find this. But do TWO calculations. One set based on aluminum sulfate in your magic square, and another set based on barium nitrate in your magic square.
Based on these two sets of calculations, which one do you think is correct? Why do you think this?
Based on this example, what do you think the term limiting reactant means?
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Stoichiometry Practice Quiz
1. If you dissolve 100.00 g of copper (II) chloride and react it with aluminum when you filter the mixture, how many grams of copper will be produced? Use mass‐mass magic square for this one.
aluminum + copper (II) chloride ‐‐> copper + aluminum chloride
2. If you 100.00 g of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), how many molecules of water will be produced?
phosphoric acid + sodium hydroxide ‐‐> sodium phosphate + water
SHOW YOUR FORMULAS, SUBSTITUTIONS WITH UNITS AND FINAL ANSWERS WITH UNITS.
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Stoichiometry Resurrection Quiz
Al + Fe(ClO3)2 > Fe + Al(ClO3)3
1. Show the balanced chemical equation with the ideal and real table below. Fill out the ideal number of moles row and any other quantities you found while solving question 2 & 3.
2. Use the mass‐mass magic square to find out how many grams of aluminum chlorate would be produced if you reacted 100.00 g of aluminum with excess iron (III) chlorate.
3. Use the mole‐mole magic square to find out how many iron atoms would be produced from the reaction described in 2.
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