novel separation and quantitative determination of levofloxacin, prulifloxacin, gatifloxacin,...
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NOVEL SEPARATION AND QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF LEVOFLOXACIN,
PRULIFLOXACIN, GATIFLOXACIN, SPARFLOXACIN, MOXIFLOXAXIN AND BALOFLOXACIN
FLUOROQUINOLONE ANTIBACTERIALS IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS BY RP-HPLC
05/02/2023
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Aim and Objectives
Aim: The core AIM of the present study is to develop a novel, rapid,
precise and accurate RP-HPLC method for simultaneous separation and quantification of six fluoroquinolones OF LEVOFLOXACIN (LEVO), PRULIFLOXACIN (PRFX), GATIFLOXACIN (GATI), SPARFLOXACIN
(SPAR), MOXIFLOXAXIN (MOXI) AND BALOFLOXACIN (BALO) for the the day to day analysis.
The author felt that a novel single method for separation and quantification of all the above said drugs on single chromatographic system without any minor changes in detection wavelength and mobile phase composition.
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To develop rapid, sensitive and economical analytical method based on HPLC for separation and
estimation of six fluoroquinolones pharmaceutical dosage forms.
To develop method with shorter run time and better sensitivity.
Reducing the solvent consumption to make it more eco-friendly.
Avoid the column damage by minimizing the buffer strength and pH of mobile phase
than reported methods.
To validate the method for different parameters like Accuracy, Precision, Linearity,
specificity, Robustness International Conference on Harmonization ICH Q2(R1)
guidelines..
To apply the developed RP-HPLC method in the analysis of pharmaceutical
formulations.
Objectives
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Table 1. Commercial brand names of LEVO, PRFX, GATI, SPAR, MOXI and BALO used for the present study.
Brand nameFormulation Labeled amount (mg) Manufacturer
GlevoTablets Levofloxacin -500 mg
Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd.,
Mumbai, India.
Pruflox Tablets Prulifloxacin- 600 mg Cipla Ltd., Mumbai, India.
Segat Tablets Gatifloxacin- 400 mg Secure health care Inc. India.
SparcipTablets Sparfloxacin – 100 mg Cipla Ltd., Mumbai, India.
Moxicip Tablets Moxifloxacin-400 mg Intralabs, Bangalore, India.
Balox-100 Tablets Balofloxacin -100 mg Lupin Ltd., Mumbai, India.
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TITLE AUTHOR JOURNAL CONDITIONS RESULTS Reference
Simultaneous quantification of
linezolid, rifampicin, levofloxacin, and
moxifloxacin in human plasma using high-
performance liquid chromatography with UV
Baietto L et.al
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Vol. 31 No.1 pp.104-109.
The method is based on a
simple organic protein
precipitation that rapid
sample preparation and a direct
injection into the HPLC
Limit of quantification
0.234µg/mL,0.312µg/mL,
0.156µg/mL.,0.622µg/mL
LEVO,LZD,MOXI,RFP respectively.
1
Liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous
determination of levofloxacin, pazufloxacin, gatifloxacin,
moxifloxacin and trovafloxacin in human
plasma.
Joana sousa et.al
Journal of Chromatogra
phy B, Vol.930
pp.104-111.
Column:Lichro CART purspher Star C18 column (55mmX4mm,
3µm)Mobile phase: 0.1% aqueous
formic acid adjusted to pH 3.0
with triethyl amine, acetonitrile, methanol.
Flow rate: 1mL/min.
Detection wave length 260 nm.
Correlation Coefficient 0.9923
Range 0.005-5 µg/mL, 0.02-5µg/mL and 0.04-5µg/mL for
GAT,LEV,PAZ and MOX, TRO respectively
Precision: Did not exceed 7.32 %.
LOQ: 0.005 µg/mL2
Table 2. REVEW OF THE PAST WORK ON THE ANALYTICAL METHODS
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TITLE AUTHOR JOURNAL CONDITIONS
RESULTS Reference
Determination of the newer quinolones
levofloxacin and moxifloxacin in plasma
by high-performance liquid
chromatography with fluorescence detection
Schulte S.et.al
J. Chromatogr Sci.Vol.44 No.4 pp.205-208.
Moxi. Used as internal standard
Liquid –liquid extraction from human plasma.
Used fluorescence
detection
Levo:Linearity 0.1-15µg/mL.
Moxi:0.2-7µg/mLLoq 0.05µg/mL and
0.2µg/mL for Levo and Moxi respectively.
3
Development and validation of a HPLC
method for simultaneous
quantitation of gatifloxacin,
sparfloxacin and moxifloxacin using
levofloxacin as internal standard in human
plasma
Srinivas N et.al
Biomed Chromatogr
Vol. 22 No. 11 pp.1288-
1295.
Phosphate buffer pH 2.5:Acetonitrile (80:20 v/v)Flow rate : 1mL/min.
Kromasil, C18 column
Run time (total) 18.0
min.
Linearity-10-100 µg/mL.
Correlation Coefficient 0.999
Limit of quantitation observed to be
10µg/mL. Runtime:GFC,SFC,MFC
(internal standard) 10.8,12.8.17.0.6.0
Respectively.
4
REVEW OF THE PAST WORK ON THE ANALYTICAL METHODS (continued)
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However, few RP-HPLC methods so far have been reported. But the methods available hitherto are poorly validated, uneconomical and consume longer runtimes.
Infact no method for the determination of all drugs in single chromatographic wavelength and with out changing the detection wavelength.
Keeping in view the complete evaluation of the above reported methods, the author developed a novel RP-HPLC method which is considered to be accurate, precise, rapid with shorter runtime as well as economical for the separation and estimation of the above said fluoroquinolones in tablet dosage forms.
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EXPERIMENTAL Materials and methods Table 3. Materials used in the present study
S.No. Materials Procured from
1. Levofloxacin, Gatifloxacin Aristo Pharmaceuticals Pvt.Ltd., Bombay.
2. Prulifloxacin, Balofloxacin Hetero Labs Ltd., Hyderabad
3. Sparfloxacin Anant Pharmaceuticals, Kamal, Haryana.4. Moxifloxacin Torrent Pharmaceuticals, Ahmedabad.5. Acetonitrile HPLC grade Thermo Fisher Scientific India Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai.
6. Water HPLC grade Merck Specialties Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai.7. Methanol HPLC grade Merck Specialties Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai.
8. Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Thermo Fisher Scientific India Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai.
9. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate Glaxo Smith Kline Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Mumbai.
10. O-Phosphoric acid RFCL Ltd., New Delhi.
11. Triethylamine Merck Pharmaceuticals Private Limited, Mumbai.
12. Concentrated Hydro chloric acid Qualigens fine chemicals, Mumbai.
13. Sodium Hydroxide S.D Fine-Chem. Ltd., Mumbai.
All the chemicals and reagents used in the present study were of Anal R grade and solvents were of HPLC grade.
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Table 4. Instruments used in the present study
S.No. Instrument Name of the company and model
1. HPLC
Shimadzu LC-20AT Prominence Liquid Chromatograph with Shimadzu SPD-20A Prominence UV-Vis detector,Welchrom C18
Column (4.6 X 250 mm, 5μm), with Rheodyne manual loop injector (20 μL) and Spinchrom data acquisition software.
2. UV-Vis spectrophotometer
UV-Visible Spectrophotometer (Systronics model 2203). The UV-VIS spectrophotometer achieves a resolution of 1 nm with matched quartz cells of 1 cm path length.
3. Weighing balance Essae vibra AJ (0.001g), Essae-Teraoka Ltd.
4. pH meter Elico LI120 pH meter, Elico India Ltd.
5. Ultrasonicator Ultrasonic bath sonicator, PCI ltd., Mumbai.
6. Vacuum pump Single Stage Vacuum Pump.
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Preparation of reagents and standards Preparation of phosphate buffer pH 3.1o Phosphate buffer with 10 mM was prepared by dissolving 6.056 g KH2PO4 in 445
mL of HPLC grade water. To this said solution 55 mL of 0.1M H3PO4 was added to adjust the pH 3.1.
Preparation of mobile phaseo The above stated prepared phosphate buffer (pH 3.1) 500 ml (70%) and
acetonitrile 200 ml (30%) were mixed completely in the proportion of 70: 30 v/v. Preparation of standard stock solution
o 1 mg/mL of LEVO, PRFX, GATI, SPAR, MOXI and BALO were prepared. Further dilution was made based on the required concentrations.
Preparation of sample solution o Twenty tablets of LEVO, PRFX, GATI, SPAR, MOXI and BALO were separately
transferred into a mortar and ground to a fine powder. From this 1 mg/mL LEVO, PRFX, GATI, SPAR, MOXI and BALO were prepared in different calibration flasks. Further dilution was made based on the required concentration of each drug.
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Results and Discussion Method Development
o Selection of a common detection wavelength• In the present study drug solutions of 10 mcg/mL of LEVO, PRFX, GATI, SPAR, MOXI AND
BALO were prepared and scanned over a range of 200-400 nm. UV overlain spectra of these drugs showed that they absorbed appreciably at 293 nm, so that it was selected as the detection wave length for further study.
The optimum wavelength for detection was 293 nm at which much better detector responses for six drugs were obtained.
293nm
Figure 1. UV overlain spectra of the six fluoroquinolones compounds
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Method optimization Numerous trials were performed to obtain the better separations. From all trials, eventually better reproducibility of the results and good resolution good peak shape, short
runtime, minimal peak tailing were well identified, when 10 mM phosphate buffer (pH 3.1) : Acetonitrile 70:30, v/v was used and found best satisfactory results.
Parameter Optimized Chromatographic conditions
Instrument Shimadzu LC-20AT Prominence liquid chromatograph
Column Welchrom C18 column (4.6X250mm,5µm)
Detector Shimadzu SPD-20A prominence UV-VIS detector
Mobile phase 10mM phosphate buffer (pH 3.1) : Acetonitrile 70:30, v/v
Flow rate 1mL/min.
wave length UV at 293 nm.
Run time 10 minutes
Temperature Ambient temperature (250C)
Injection volume 20 µL
Method
LEVO PRFX GATI SPAR MOXI BALORetention time
(minutes) 3.613 4.230 4.707 5.497 5.880 6.253
Th.Pl (Efficiency) 12,261 12,554 13,155 14,761 14,912 15,916
Resolution - 4.508 2.866 4.604 2.056 2.017
Tailing factor 1.106 1.067 1.040 1.073 1.030 1.086
Table 5. Optimized chromatographic conditions
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Figure 2. Typical chromatogram showing the separation of LEVO, PRFX, GATI, SPAR, MOXI and BALO in synthetic mixture.
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Method validation
The developed analytical method was validated in pursuance of the guide lines of International Conference on Harmonization.
SPECIFICITY– The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of excipients and other additives that are
usually present in the formulations. The test results obtained were compared with the results of standard drug.
Name of the solution
Method LEVO PRFX GATI SPAR MOXI BALO
Mobile phase No peaks No peaks No peaks No peaks No peaks No peaks
Placebo No peaks No peaks No peaks No peaks No peaks No peaks
Separate injections
of individual standard solutions
Peak for LEVO at 3.613 minutes
Peak for PRFX at 4.230 minutes
Peak for GATI at 4.707 minutes
Peak for SPAR at 5.497 minutes
Peak for MOXI at 5.880
minutes
Peak for BALO at 6.253
minutes
Table 6. Results of specificity
Result: The present study shows that the ingredients are not interfering with the developed method.
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Linearity The purpose of this study is to verify that the detector response is directly proportional to the
concentration (amount) of analyte in the sample. Procedure: Standard drug solutions of LEVO, PRFX, GATI, SPAR, MOXI AND BALO were
prepared to get the final concentration of 2-10 µg/mL. The solutions were injected in to the HPLC system separately and the response of peak areas were measured at 293 nm.
calibration curve is constructed by plotting concentration on X-axis and the peak areas on y-axis.
The least square analysis method was adopted for achieving slope, intercept and correlation coefficient, regression data values.
MethodLEVO PRFX GATI SPAR MOXI BALO
S. No.
Conc.
μg/ML
Peak area, mV.s.
Conc.
μg/ML
Peak area, mV.s.
Conc.
μg/ML
Peak area, mV.s.
Conc.
μg/ML
Peak area, mV.s.
Conc.
μg/ML
Peak area, mV.s.
Conc.
μg/ML
Peak area, mV.s.
1. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2. 2 112.736 2 40.124 2 243.422 2 105.342 2 90.102 2 126.302
3. 4 225.134 4 81.234 4 467.872 4 208.569 4 180.864 4 245.953
4. 6 329.242 6 122.324 6 707.7 6 299.802 6 270.56 6 364.604
5. 8 442.668 8 161.537 8 929.68 8 402.045 8 363.98 8 487.255
6. 10 556.325 10 199.213 10 1169.0 10 499.25 10 452.436 10 609.906
Table 7. Results relating to Linearity data
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Parameter LEVO PRFX GATI SPAR MOXI BALO
Detection wavelength(λmax) UV at 293 nm UV at 293 nm UV at 293 nmUV at 293
nm
UV at 293 nm UV at 293 nm
Linearity range (µg/mL) 2-10 µg/mL 2-10 µg/mL 2-10 µg/mL 2-10 µg/mL 2-10 µg/mL 2-10 µg/mL
Regression equation (Y =aX + b) Y = 55.365X+0.860
Y = 0.02X+0.639
Y= 8.363X+0.578
Y= 43.07Xy = 45.336x -
0.3556Y =
60.729X+2.024
Slope(a) 55.365 20.02 58.363 43.07 45.336 60.729
Intercept(b) 0.8607 0.6391 0.5785 0 -0.3556 2.0243
Standard error of slope (Sa) 0.32184 0.1537 0.24642 0.7290 0.0220 0.2464
Standard error of intercept (Sb) 1.9488 0.9310 1.49213 2.4277 0.00798 1.4922
Standard error of estimation (Se) 2.6927 1.2864 2.06167 1.5001 0.02322 2.0618
Regression coefficient (R2) 0.9999 0.9998 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999
% Relative standard deviation* 0.9804 1.1022 0.5239 0.104 1.050 1.0957
Percentage range of errors
0.05 significance level
0.01 significance level
1.02904
1.6138
1.15695
1.8144
0.54992
0.86242
0.12232
0.19183
0.36373
0.57042
1.150090
1.803643
Table 25. Regression analysis data relating to LEVO, PRFX, GATI, SPAR, MOXI and BALO
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Figure 3. Standard chromatogram relating to LEVO (10µg/mL)
Figure 4. Standard chromatogram relating to PRFX (10 µg/mL)
Figure 5. Standard chromatogram relating to GATI (10 µg/mL)
3.613 min
4.230 min
4.707 min
CHROMATOGRAMS
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Figure 6. Standard chromatogram relating to SPAR (10 µg/mL)
Figure 7. Standard chromatogram relating to MOXI (10 µg/mL)
Figure 8. Standard chromatogram relating to BALO (10 µg/mL)
5.497 min
5.880 min
6.253 min
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0 2 4 6 8 10 120
100
200
300
400
500
600
f(x) = 55.3647 x + 0.860666666666702R² = 0.999864848056459
Series1Linear (Series1)
Concentration, µg/mL.
peak
are
a, m
V.s
Figure 9. Linearity plot pertaining to LEVO
0 2 4 6 8 10 120
50
100
150
200
250
f(x) = 20.0199142857143 x + 0.639095238095237R² = 0.999764121630718
Series1Linear (Series1)
Concentration, µg/mL.
peak
are
a, m
V.s
Figure 10. Linearity plot pertaining to PRFX
0 2 4 6 8 10 120
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
f(x) = 58.3628714285714 x + 0.578476190476181R² = 0.999928699028504
Series1Linear (Series1)
Concentration, µg/mL.
peak
are
a, m
V.s
Figure 11. Linearity plot pertaining to GATI
0 2 4 6 8 10 120
50100150200250300350400450500
f(x) = 43.0716181818182 xR² = 0.999977905679732
Series1Linear (Series1)
Concentration of standard Sparfloxacin(µg/mL)
peak
are
a of
Spa
rflo
xaci
n
Figure 12. Linearity plot pertaining to SPAR
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Figure 13. Linearity plot pertaining to MOXI
0 2 4 6 8 10 120
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
f(x) = 60.7291428571429 x + 2.02428571428572R² = 0.999934133925654
Series1Linear (Series1)
Concentration, µg/mL.
Peak
are
a, m
V.s
Figure 14. Linearity plot pertaining to BALO
0 2 4 6 8 10 120
50100150200250300350400450500
f(x) = 45.335857142857 x − 0.355619047618575R² = 0.999969165357194
Series1Linear (Series1)
concentration, µg/mL.
peak
are
a, m
V.s
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Drug ParameterRecovery level*
80% 100% 120%
LEVO (M3)Mean % Recovery ± SD* 100.10 ± 0.3649 100.05 ± 0.1604 100.85 ± 0.1536
%RSD 0.225
PRFX (M3)Mean % Recovery ± SD* 100.154 0.2459 99.0973±0.7108 100.569 0.2968
%RSD 0.419
GATI (M3)Mean % Recovery ± SD* 100.046± .2430 100.02 ±0.1633 99.791±0.0637
%RSD 1.156
SPAR (M3)Mean % Recovery ± SD* 99.702±0.461 100.456±0.402 100.232±0.423
%RSD 0.290
MOXI (M3)Mean % Recovery ± SD* 100.153±0.2380 100.456±0.1612 99.6308±0.2089
%RSD 0.202
BALO (M3)Mean % Recovery ± SD* 100.216±0.2020 100.083±0.1100 100.839±0.2594
%RSD 0.190
Table 8. Results relating to Accuracy (recovery) method
Regarding the accuracy of the proposed method by adding the known amount of pure standard drugs to the pre-analyzed samples at three levels 80%, 100% and 120% .
Accuracy
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Precision To check the reproducibility of the method. Intra-day precision (repeatability) was studied by repeating the assay 6 times in the same day. Inter-day precision (Intermediate precision) was studied by repeating the assay on 3
consecutive days triplicate on each day and percentage RSD(Coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated.
The % RSD for all six drugs were showed less than 2% which clearly indicates that the present method is said to be highly precise.
Precision Study
Method LEVO PRFX GATI SPAR MOXI BALO
% RSD % RSD % RSD % RSD % RSD % RSD
Intra-Day 0.3380 0.3554 0.1294 0.1145 0.3465 0.1964
Inter-Day 0.5087 0.4298 0.1347 0.1721 0.5033 0.3296
Table 9. Results relating to intraday and inter-day precision
•The % RSD for the assay 6 drugs for six replicate samples were< 2.0 %.•The individual assay results for all six drugs were found between 95.0% to 105.0%
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LOD and LOQ Limit of Detection is the lowest concentration in a sample that can be detected, but not
necessarily quantified under the stated experimental conditions.
The limit of quantitation is the lowest concentration of analyte in a sample that can be determined with acceptable precision and accuracy.
LOD and LOQ were calculated using following formula
LOD= 3.3(SD)/S and LOQ= 10 (SD)/S,
where SD=standard deviation of response S= slope of the calibration curve.
PARAMETERMethod
LEVO PRFX GATI SPAR MOXI BALO
LOD µg/mL 0.116 0.152 0.084 0.186 0.0018 0.112
LOQ µg/mL 0.348 0.460 0.255 0.558 0.0055 0.339
Table 9. Results relating to LOD and LOQ
Robustness To decide the robustness of the proposed method the experimental conditions such as flow
rate (± 0.1 ml/min), detection wavelength (±5 nm) and mobile phase composition (±2%) were deliberately altered to known their effect on the peak area, peak tailing as well as number of theoretical plates.
Parameter Flow rate (±2 mL/min) Detection wave length(±5 nm) Mobile phase compostion (± 5%)
Used 0.8 mL/min 1mL/min(optimized) 1.2 mL/min 288 nm 293 nm
(optimized) 298 nm 65:35,v/v 70:30,v/v(optimized) 75:25,v/v
Retentiontime (min)LEVO 3.848 3.613 3.325 3.613 3.613 3.613 3.596 3.613 3.712PRFX 4.390 4.320 4.290 4.321 4.320 4.320 4.180 4.290 4.390GATI 4.769 4.707 4.695 4.706 4.707 4.707 4.603 4.707 4.807SPAR 5.499 5.497 5.427 5.496 5.497 5.497 5.477 5.497 5.523MOXI 6.024 5.880 5.438 5.881 5.880 5.878 5.720 5.880 5.970BALO 6.855 6.253 6.239 6.253 6.253 6.253 6.200 6.253 6.335
Plate count$
LEVO 12,562 12,261 12,054 12,242 12,261 12,274 12,106 12,261 12,282PRFX 12,598 12,554 12,454 12,555 12,554 12,559 12,588 12,554 12,564GATI 13,168 13,155 13,135 13,153 13,155 13,155 13,165 13,155 13,195SPAR 14,898 14,761 14,661 14,761 14761 14,762 14,757 14,761 14,797MOXI 15,064 14,912 14,726 14,892 14,912 14,928 14,838 14,912 14,786BALO 15,994 15,916 15,816 15,923 15,916 15,918 15,929 15,916 15,987
Peak asymmetry#
LEVO 1.126 1.106 1.097 1.107 1.106 1.106 1.026 1.016 1.015PRFX 1.069 1.067 1.068 1.067 1.067 1.067 1.066 1.067 1.069GATI 1.052 1.042 1.048 1.043 1.042 1.042 1.142 1.042 1..69SPAR 1.077 1.073 1.086 1.073 1.073 1.074 1.187 1.073 1.172MOXI 1.134 1.030 1.021 1.038 1.030 1.036 1.168 1.030 1.184BALO 1.090 1.063 1.068 1.063 1.063 1.063 1.065 1.063 1.063
Table 10. Robustness data of LEVO, PRFX, GATI, SPAR, MOXI and BALO
Conclusion: The method remains unaffected due to deliberate changes to the analytical methodindicating that the method is Robust. 24
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Assay The developed method was finally successfully applied for quantification LEVO,
PRFX, GATI, SPAR, MOXI and BALO marketed formulation.
Formulation Labeled Amount Amount Found % Assay ± SD*LEVO tablets 500 mg 496.58 99.317±0.990PRFX tablets 600 mg 599.40 99.9±0.04GATI tablets 400 mg 399.60 99.9±0.02SPAR tablets 100 mg 99.45 99.45±0.010MOXI tablets 400 mg 399.77 99.495±0.056
BALO tablets 100 mg 99.67 99.68±0.09
Table 11. Results relating to assay for method M3
Result: Satisfactory results were obtained . The mean assay values for LEVO, PRFX, GATI, SPAR, MOXI and BALO were in good agreement with the label claim.
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Conclusion
The author first reported RP- HPLC method for LEVO, PRFX, GATI, SPAR, MOXI
and BALO fluoroquinolones can be estimated on single chromatographic system
without minor modifications in the detection wavelength.
The mobile phase composition used in this analysis is similar for the mentioned six
drugs.
The method was linear in the concentration range of 2-10 µg/mL.
Statistical analysis lucidly showed that this method had good sensitivity,
reproducibility, very fast, precise, accurate, highly efficient and suitable than the
existing methods so far utilized.
Sample preparation procedure is easy and inexpensive.
Therefore this method is aptly feasible for regular analysis of six fluoroquinolones
individually in quality control laboratories.
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1. Baietto L. Baietto L. D Avolio A. De Rosa FG. Garazzino S. Patanella S. Siccardi M. Sciandra M and Di Perri G. (2009) ‘Simultaneous quantification of linezolid, rifampicin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin in human plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography with UV’. Ther Drug Monit. Vol. 31 No.1 pp.104-109.
2. Joana Sousa. Gilberto Alves. Goncalo Campos. Ana Fortuna and Amilcar Falcao. (2013) ‘First liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous determination of levofloxacin, pazufloxacin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin and trovafloxacin in human plasma’. Journal of Chromatography B, Vol.930 pp.104-111.
3. Schulte S. Ackermann T. Bertram N. Sauerbruch T and Paar WD. (2006) ‘Determination of the newer quinolones levofloxacin and moxifloxacin in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection’ J Chromatogr Sci.Vol.44 No.4 pp.205-208.
4. Srinivas N. Narasu L. Shankar BP. Mullangi R. (2008) ‘Development and validation of a HPLC method for simultaneous quantitation of gatifloxacin, sparfloxacin and moxifloxacin using levofloxacin as internal standard in human plasma’. Biomed Chromatogr Vol. 22 No. 11 pp.1288-1295.
References
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8. Chaple D.R.and Sambhare A.G. (2010) ‘A validated stability indicating HPLC method for Prulifloxacin’ IJPT Vol. 1 No.2 pp.137-148.
9. Deepak Pokharkar. Varsha Jadhav. Sachin Gholve and Vilasrao Kadam. (2010) ‘Development and validation of spectrophotometric method for estimation ofPrulifloxacin in tablet dosage form’ International Journal of PharmTech Research Vol. 2 No.1 pp.960-963.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
• I oblige to pay my deep gratitude for the patience hearing of my presentation delivered by me with reference to power point.
• I thank one and all • Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Mumbai, India. Hetero
laboratories Ltd., Hyderabad for providing standard samples.
• Management of Vignan pharmacy college.• Organizing committee.
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