Contr . Univ. Michisan Herb. 22: 1-19.1999.

NOTES ON NEOTROPICAL MALPIGHIACEAE-VII

William R. AndersonUniversity of Michigan Herbarium

North University BuildingAnn Arbor" Michisan 48109-1057

This paper continues my long-term effort to treat some of the many unde-scribed Malpighiaceae of Latin America. Four of these species were cited lastyear in the Mato Grosso list (Anderson 1998) as "sp. nov. ined.," and it is particu-larly desirable to get those taxa described promptly.

Aspicarpa urens Lag., Gen. Sp. Pl. 1. 1816. -TvpE: Grown in the Madrid Botani-cal Garden from seeds from New Spain, surely Mexico. There are fivespecimens in the general herbarium at MA; of those I here designate aslectotype sheet 265530, which is labeled as Aspicarpa Ltrens Lag. in Lagasca'shand. The correct name for this species is Aspicarpa hirtella Rich.

Banisteriopsis carolina W. R. Anderson, sp. nov.-Type: FneNcu GuraNa. Saii l(3o37'N,53'12'W) and vic in i ty; logging trai l on hi l l just W of Les EauxClaires and passing family gravesite, non-flooded moist forest, 250 m, 15Feb 1998 fl, S. A. Mori, C. A. Gracie, T. McGee, R.Kendrick & K. L.Purzycki 24784 (holotype: MICH!; isotypes: CAY, K! NY! P! US!).

Liana lignosa; lamina foliorum majorum 9.5-L3.2 cm longa,5-7.3 cm lata,supra glabrata, subtus subglabrata, basi biglandulosa, reticulo scalariformi; petio-lus 9-15 mm longus; pseudoracemi I.5*7 cm longi, ex 15-35 floribus constantes;bracteae bracteolaeque 0.7-I mm longae, 0.3-0.4 mm latae, persistentes; pedun-culus plerumque 0.3-1 mm longus; pedicellus 6-7.5 mm longus; sepala utrinquesericea, apice revoluta, glandulis 0.7-0.8 mm longis; petala lutea, glabra, l imbofimbriato vel glanduloso-fimbriato; petalum posticum ungue apice non constricto;antherae glabrae,3 sepalis anterioribus oppositae connectivo glanduloso tumidoque;stylus anticus ca2 mm longus, styli postici2.T-3 mm longi, lyrati.

Liana; stems init ially sericeous or subvelutinous with short brown hairs fadingto gray, eventually glabrescent. Lamina of larger leaves 9.5-13.2 cm long, 5-7.3cm wide, ell iptical or slightly ovate, obtuse to rounded at base, somewhat falcatedistally, abruptly short-acuminate at apex, init ially thinly sericeous on both sides,at maturity quite glabrate above and very thinly sericeous below with hairs 0.2-0.4mm long (apparently glabrate), mostly bearing a pair of bulging glands 1-2 mm indiameter at juncture of lamina and petiole and otherwise eglandular, the lateralveins and scalariform reticulum prominent below, visible above; petiole 9-15 mmlong, sericeous or appressed-tomentose to glabrescent in age, eglandular or biglan-dular at apex; stipules ca 1.5 mm long, triangular, dark, glabrous, stout, borne onstem beside petiole, persistent or abraded in age. Inflorescence minutely brown-velutinous, consisting of a slender axis 15-30 cm long, axil lary to a full-sizedvegetative leaf and bearing several pairs of much-reduced leaves 12-19 mm long,these eglandular or with only 1 pair of glands at base, each reduced leaf (or at

CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HE,RBARIUM VOLUI/E22

least the distal ones) subtending a pseudoraceme and the axis terminating in apseudoraceme, pseudoracemes 1.5-7 cm long, containing 15-35 or more flowers:bracts and bracteoles 0.7-I mm long,0.3-0.4 mm wide, narrowly triangular, abaxi-ally tomentose, adaxially glabrous, persistent, peduncle occasionally absent, mostly0.3-1 mm long; pedicel 6-7.5 mm long, loosely sericeous with l ight brown or grayhairs. Sepals 2mm long, 1.5 mm wide, ovate, rounded at apex, revolute in anthe-sis, abaxially sericeous with stramineous hairs except glabrous toward margin,cil iate on margin, adaxially sparsely sericeous in center, the anterior eglandular.the lateral 4 biglandular with the glands 0.7-0.8 mm long, circular or subcircular.green, borne on free part of sepal. Petals bright yellow, glabrous, the l imb fimbri-ate all around the margin with the divisions glandular, at least proximally, on theposterior 3 petals; lateral petals spreading to reflexed, with the claw 1.5-2 mmlong, the l imb 5.5-6 mm long, 4-5.5 mm wide, obovate, f lat or concave, posteriorpetal erect, with the claw 2-3 mm long, much wider than in lateral petals, widestat apex, the l imb ca 4-5 mm long,2-2.5 mm wide, narrowly ell iptical or rectangu-lar, f lat. Stamens glabrous, strongly heteromorphic in both fi laments and anthers;fi laments connate at base, those opposite 3 anterior sepals and 2 posterior-lateralpetals 2-2.4 mm long and stout, those opposite 2 anterior-lateral petals ca 1.3 mmlong and stout, those opposite posterior-lateral sepals and posterior petal ca 1.3 mmlong and very slender, bent forward between posterior styles; 5 anterior antherswith locules 0.8-1 mm long, those opposite 3 anterior sepals with the connectiveglandular and much enlarged, exceeding the locules by up to 0.5 mm, the 2 oppo-site the anterior-lateral petals with the connective not enlarged; 5 posterior anthers0.5-0.7 mm long, the connective not enlarged. Ovary ca 1 mm high, sericeous;styles slender, terete, glabrous or sericeous at very base, with small capitate stig-mas; anterior style ca 2 mm long, bending forward at base and then erect; 2posterior styles 2.7-3 mm long, lyrate, bending strongly backward at base andthen sigmoid-ascending. Fruit unknown.

This species, known only from the type collection, is named in honor of CarolA. Gracie (b. 1941), one of its collectors and one of the moving spirits behind thebeautiful "Guide to the Vascular Plants of Central French Guiana."

Banisteriopsis carolina belongs in the B. nummifera grotp of Gates (1982),and in that group its closest relative seems to be Banisteriopsis lyrata B. Gates, aspecies known from only a few collections in Bolivar, Venezuela, and Pard andRond6nia, Brazll. The two species are similar in their petals, androecium, andgynoecium; the long, lyrate posterior styles are a notable synapomorphy of thetwo species. In B. lyrata the lamina is densely and persistently metallic-sericeousbelow and the lateral veins and reticulum are neither prominent below nor scalar-iform, the lateral branches of the inflorescence are short and bear only 3-4 pairsof f lowers, the pedicels are sessile, the calyx glands are 0.8-2 mm long, and theposterior petal has the claw constricted at its apex. One might also compare B.carolina to B. sellowiana (Adr. Juss.) B. Gates, another member of the samegroup, in which the reticulum of the lamina is not scalariform, the side branchesof the inflorescence bear 3-5 pairs of flowers, the sepals are glabrous, the petalsare dentate and eglandular, and the styles are subequal.

Banisteriopsis mariae W. R. Anderson, sp. nov.-Type: Bnazrl. Bahia: Mun. Oliveirados Brejinhos, estrada Canabrava a ChapadSo de Cima, pr6ximo ao alto daSerra Geral, campo rupestre, junto a rochas e pequena mata, 16 Mar 1998fl, G. Hatschbach, M. Hatschbach & E. Barbosa 67809 (holotype: MICH!).

1999 ANDERSON: MALPIGHIACEAE

Liana lignosa; lamina foliorum majorum 3.8-5.3 cm longa, 1.8-2.5 cm lata,

supra pertinaciter sparsim tomentosa, subtus pertinaciter subsericea pil is 1 3-2.2

mm longis, 2 glandulis stipitatis 0.2-0.3 (-0.4) mm diametro in nervis lateralibus

instructa; petiolus 2.5-3 mm longus; bracteae bracteolaeque per anthesin * persis-

tentes, demum deciduae; pedicellus 12-16 mm longus; sepala per anthesin * appressa;petala lutea, glabra, l imbo plerumque toto circuitu glanduloso-fimbriato, antheraepilosae connectivo loculos non superanti sed abaxialiter tumido praecipue in sta-

minibus sepalis oppositis; styli 1.7-2 mm longi, paralleli, teretes.Woody climber; stems initially velutinous or subtomentose with a mixture of

short V-shaped or twisted hairs and an overlay of scattered, much longer (ca 1.5

mm), + straight and appressed hairs, glabrescent in the second year. Lamina oflarger leaves 3.8-5.3 cm long, 1.8-2.5 cm wide, elliptical or slightly ovate, shallowly

cordate at base, obtuse, acute, or slightly acuminate at apex, thinly but persistently

tomentose above with short, very slender, + twisted hairs (more densely tomen-tose on the midrib), persistently subsericeous below with the slender hairs 1.3-2.2

mm long, straight or sinuous and appressed to somewhat spreading, white, abun-

dant but not dense enough to hide the lamina, bearing 2 stalked peltate glands

0.2-0.3 (-0.4) mm in diameter on lateral veins between midrib and margin inmiddle third of abaxial surface, the lateral veins and reticulum prominulous on

both sides; petiole 2.5-3 mm long, persistently velutinous, eglandular; stipules ca

0.5 mm long, narrowly triangular, dark, glabrous, borne on stem beside petiole.

hidden by hairs and often abraded from older nodes. Inflorescences terminal and

axil lary, short, compact, paniculate or unbranched, white- or golden-velutinous,

with the flowers borne in umbels of 4-6 (-B); bracts and bracteoles 1-1.5 mm long,

0.6-1 mm wide, triangular or ovate, abaxially tomentose, adaxially glabrous, per-

sistent during most of anthesis, deciduous late in anthesis or during maturation of

the fruit; pedicel sessile, 12-16 mm long, subvelutinous to subsericeous with white

and golden hairs. Sepals 2-2.5 mm long (ca 1 mm beyond glands),2-2.5 mm wide(the anterior sepal narrower), ovate, acute to slightly obtuse, appressed or in-

curved in anthesis or slightly revolute at very apex, abaxially densely sericeouswith stramineous hairs, adaxially white-sericeous in center, the anterior eglandu-lar, the lateral 4 biglandular with the glands 1.8-2.5 mm long. Petals yellow, gla-

brous, the l imb glandular-fimbriate all around the margin or the teeth eglandularat very apex of outermost petal; lateral petals reflexed, with the claw 1.5-2 mm

long, the l imb 4-5.5 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, ell iptical or orbicular, concave; poste-

rior petal erect, with the claw 3.5 mm long, much wider than in lateral petals,

widest at apex, the l imb 3.5-4 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, ell iptical or orbicular, f lat.

Filaments ca2 mm long opposite sepals, ca 1.5 mm long opposite petals, glabrous,

nearly straight, connate at base; anthers 1.2-I.5 mm long, loosely pilose on thelocules, the connective dark red, no longer than the locules but abaxially swollen,notably so in anthers opposite sepals. Ovary 1-1.3 mm high, sericeous; styles 1.7-zmm long, erect, parallel, and straight or curved slightly away from posterior petal,glabrous, terete, the stigma capitate. Fruit unknown.

This species is known only from its type. I am happy to name it in honor ofMaria Maguidaura Hatschbach, one of the collectors of the type and a "botanist

by marriage" who, in recent years, has made a substantial contribution to thecollecting efforts of her famous husband. She is a gracious lady who has beenunfailingly kind to me and many other visitors.

My efforts to name this plant using the monograph by Gates (1982) have ledme to conclude that its closest relative must be Banisteriopsis laevifolio (Adr. Juss.)

CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLU:|i4E22

B. Gates, a species that is common west and south of Bahia but not yet reportedfrom that state. The larger laminas in B. laevifolia are mostly at least 6.5 cm longand usually much more densely sericeous or appressed-tomentose abaxially, andhave larger, sessile abaxial glands; the inflorescence is more open and clearlydichasial; the bracts and bracteoles persist to maturity of the fruit or nearly so; thepedicel is shorter, seldom exceeding 11 mm in flower; the sepals are all notablyreflexed at the apex; and the styles are divergent and flattened distally. When thesamaras of B. mariae are known they may provide additional differences.

Byrsonima cordifolia W. R. Anderson, sp. nov.-TypB: BRezrl. Goiiis: Mun.Porteldndia, rodovia BR-364 Mineiros-Santa Rita do Araguaia, Serra daurtiga, pr6ximo do Posto Urtigdo, 17"22's,5239'w, sandy roadside cer-rado,6 Jul 1996 fl/imm fr, M. R. Pietrobom-Silva 3328 (holotype: CTES!).

Arbor 2.5 m alta, ramis tomentosis. Lamina foliorum majorum 2.7-3.4 cmlonga, 2.2-2.8 cm lata, cordiformis, basi cordata, apice late obtusa vel rotundata;petiolus 1-2 mm longus, tomentosus; stipulae I.5-2 mm longae, omnino connatae.Inflorescentia 21 cm longa, rufotomentosa vel velutina; bracteae 0.8-1.2 mmlongae, I.2-7.5 mm latae, demum deciduae; pedicellus 6-8 mm longus, circinatusin alabastro, decurvatus et demum tortus in fructu. Petala rosea vel rosea et alba.Antherae I.9-3 mm longae, loculis 1.5-1.9 mm longis, cylindricis, distaliter seri-ceis, connectivo conoideo, loculos 0.9-1 .2 mm superanti et saepe recurvato in 7antheris anticis, 0.2-0.3 mm superanti in 3 antheris posticis. Ovarium glabrum,loculis omnibus ferti l ibus.

Tree 2.5 m tall; stems densely and persistently tomentose, the hairs darkbrown fading to gray. Leaves strongly appressed; lamina of larger leaves 2.7-3.4cm long, 2.2-2.8 cm wide, cordiform, cordate at base, flat or slightly revolute atmargin, broadly obtuse to rounded at apex, coriaceous, glabrate above at maturity,glabrate below at maturity or * persistently tomentose on and occasionally nearthe midrib; principal lateral veins 7-9 pairs, the lateral veins and reticulum visiblebut not raised above, somewhat raised below; petiole I-2 mm long, densely andpersistently tomentose; stipules 7.5-2 mm long, completely and smoothly connatewith the pair rounded at apex, abaxially densely tomentose to eventually glabres-cent, adaxially glabrous. Inflorescence 24 cm long, densely and persistently rufous-or brown-tomentose or velutinous; flowers borne 1 per bract; bracts and bracteolespersistent during anthesis, deciduous during enlargement of fruits; bracts 0.8-1.2mm long, I.2-7.5 mm wide, broadly rounded, appressed, abaxially tomentose toglabrescent, adaxially glabrous; peduncle none; bracteoles l ike bracts but smaller,especially narrower; pedicel 6-8 mm long, with vesture like that of the inflores-cence axis, circinate in bud, decurved and eventually twisted in fruit. Sepals dark red,all biglandular, 1.8 mm long beyond glands, 1.8 mm wide, broadly rounded, tomen-tose at base on both sides and ciliate all around margin but otherwise glabrous,reflexed at the apex in anthesis; glands I.5-2.5 mm long, white (?). Petals mostlypink (the limb pink in center, white toward margin), probably turning darker pinkin age, glabrous; lateral petals strongly recurved in anthesis, the claw 2.5-3 mmlong, the l imb oblate, 4-4.5 mm long, 5.5 mm wide; posterior petal with the thickclaw erect, 3-3.5 mm long, the l imb reflexed, ca 3 mm long and 3.5 mm wide,somewhat corrugated. Filaments 2.5-2.7 mm long, straight, nearly or quite dis-tinct, abaxially glabrous, adaxially bearded at base with long straight orangishhairs l ike those that f i l l the space between stamens and ovary; anthers 1.9-3 mm

t999 ANDERSON: MALPIGHIACEAE

long; locules 1.5-1.9 mm long, rounded at apex, cylindrical, linear, and unwinged,+ densely sericeous on sides especially on the distal 213; anterror 7 anthers withconnective exceeding locules by 0.9-1.2 mm, conoid, erect or distally recurved;posterior 3 anthers with extension of connective only 0.24.3 mm long. Ovary 1.3 mmhigh, glabrous, all 3 locules fertile; styles ca3.5 mm long. Mature fruit unknown.

This species is known only from the type, which came from southwesternGoiris near the junction of Goirls with Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul. Thename refers to the small heart-shaped leaves. In Das Pflanzenreich (1928) thisplant would fall in Niedenzu's series Psilonemis, all of whose species are easilydistinguished from it. In Niedenzu's key, the cordate leaves of B. cordifolia wouldlead one to B. coccolobifoliaH. B. K. and its relatives, but those have much largerleaves, longer inflorescences, and larger bracts and bracteoles than B. cordifolia.The new species may actually be closer to B. vacciniifolia Adr. Juss. and itsrelatives, such as B. gardneriana Adr. Juss., but those species have the laminacuneate at the base, straight appressed leaf hairs, a longer, more open inflores-cence, and longer bracts and bracteoles.

Byrsonima hirsuta W. R. Anderson, sp. nov.-Type: Bnazrl. Par6: Alto Tapaj6s,Vila Nova, near the Cachoeira do ChacorSo [6"35'S, 58o20'30"W], terua

firme,18 Jan 1952fl, J. M. Pires 3956 (holotype: IAN!; isotype: US!).

Byrsonimae krukoffii W. R. Anderson affinis sed pilis omnibus basifixis,bracteis marginibus hirsutis aliter glabris iam in alabastro valde reflexis revolut-isque persistentibus minimum per anthesin, pedicello 3.5-5 mm longo, sepalisglabris in alabastro appressis, connectivo antherae loculos superanti 0-0.5 mmdiffert.

Small tree; stems of the current season hirsute, the hairs all alike, (1.5-) 2-2.5mm long, very slender, straight, basifixed, * strongly spreading, brown; olderstems glabrescent to glabrate. Lamina of larger leaves 70.5-17 cm long, 4.5-6.1 cmwide, obovate to nearly elliptical, cuneate and decurrent at base, flat at margin,abruptly short-acuminate at apex, thinly hirsute on both sides to eventually gla-brescent (especially above) with hairs all alike, like those of stem but mostlyshorter (0.8-1.6 mm long) and most abundant on midrib, the midrib and 8-10pairs of principal lateral veins prominent on both sides, the + scalariform tertiaryveins not or hardly prominent on either side; petiole 1,0-25 mm long, hirsute likestems; stipules 6.5-8.5 mm long, amplexicaul, abaxially appressed-hirsute withhairs like those of stems, adaxially glabrous, completely and smoothly connate'the pair ca 3 mm wide, tapered distally to an obtuse apex, lineate with many fineparallel veins, deciduous independently of and before the leaf. Inflorescence 4.5-7.5 cm long, densely hirsuteivelutinous with the proximal hairs straight like thoseof stem and almost as long (1-1.5 mm), distally shorter (0.5-1 mm) and oftensinuous or somewhat bent, the flowers borne 1 per bract; bracts ca 4-4.5 mm long,1-1.5 mm wide, narrowly lanceolate to almost l inear, strongly reflexed and revo-lute already in bud, glabrous (or nearly so) on both faces but hirsute on margins,persistent (at least during anthesis); peduncle none; bracteoles l ike bracts butmuch shorter, 1,.3-Z mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide; pedicel 3.5-5 mm long in flower,velutinous, not or slightly circinate in bud. Sepals all biglandular, ca 1.6 mm longbeyond glands, ca 2 mm wide, broadly triangular, rounded at apex and auriculateat sides, appressed in bud, revolute at apex and sides in anthesis, glabrous; glandsL5-Z mm long. Petals yellow, glabrous, the lateral 4 reflexed in anthesis, with the

CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUII;4E 22

claw ca2.5 mm long, the l imb 3.5-5 mm long and 4-5.5 mm wide, oblate; posteriorpetal erect, the thick claw 2.8 mm long, the l imb 2.5 mm long, 2.3 mm wide,corrugated. Filaments 1.5-1.8 mm long, distinct (or connate at very base?), abaxi-ally glabrous, adaxially hirsute at base; anthers 2.4-3.2 mm long, loosely sericeouson connective outside and between locules, the locules l inear, 2.4-2.7 mm long,free and rounded or acute at apex, the connective not or hardly exceeding loculeson posterior 7 anthers, exceeding locules up to 0.5 mm on anterior 3 anthers, theextension rounded or obtuse, straight or slightly recurved at apex. Ovary conical,1.5 mm high, densely hirsute with straight basifixed hairs, all 3 locules fertile;styles ca 3.5 mm long, glabrous, bent in the distal third. Fruit unknown.

This interesting plant is known only from the type. It seems to be intermedi-ate between the group of B. crispa Adr. Juss. (suggested by its reflexed andrevolute bracts) and the group of B. stipttlacea Adr. Juss. (clearly indicated by its long,l ineate stipule-pair that is deciduous before the leaf). The hairs are all basifixed, arare condition in Malpighiaceae and evidence that its closest relative is probablyB. kruko.ffii W. R. Anderson. The two species are easily distinguished; the follow-ing couplet summarrzes the differences between them that are evident in thematerial now available to me:

1. Sepals glabrous. appressed in bud; bracts nearly or quite glabrous except for hirsute margins.already strongly reflexed and revolute in bud, persistent at least during anthesis, pedicel 3.-5-5 mm long in flower; connective of anthers exceeding locules by 0-0.5 mm. B. hirsuta

1. Sepals tomentose on both s ides, a l ready spreading or revolute in bud; bracts tomentose orsericeous on both sides, especially abaxially, nearly straight and spreading in bud, sometimesirregularly reflexed in anthesis, deciduous before or during anthesis; pedicel 6-14 mm long inflower; connective of anthers exceeding locules by 0.5-1.4 mm. B. krukoffii

Byrsonima lanulosa W. R. Anderson, sp. nov.-Tvpe: Bolrvrn. Santa Cruz: VelascoProvince, Parque Noel Kempff Mercado, 13"53'55"S, 60"48'46"W, 290 m,sabana arbolada, suelo rojizo, arenoso, 12May 1994 fl/imm fr, B. Mosta-cedo et al. 1720 (holotype: MICH!).

Byrsonimae basilobae Adr. Juss. affinis sed laminis foliorum majorumT-74.5cm longis et 3.8-7.2 cm latis basi non amplexicaulibus, petiolis 1-3 mm longis,inflorescentiaT-14 cm longa plerumque simplici, pedicellis in alabastro * circina-tis in fructu decurvatis tortisve, et fructibus immaturis siccis 6-7 mm longis, B-8.5mm diametro differt.

Shrublet or shrub 0.2-1.5 m tall; stems densely velutinous or tomentose, even-tually glabrescent, quite glabrate in age. Leaves decussate or rarely ternate; laminaof larger leaves 7-14.5 cm long, 3.8-7.2 cm wide, ell iptical or obovate (or occa-sionally ovate), cuneate or rounded or shallowly cordate (but hardly amplexicaul)at base, somewhat revolute at margin, obtuse to rounded and often apiculate atapex, init ially tomentose above but soon glabrescent except + persistently tomen-tose on midrib and sometimes on lateral veins, densely and persistently woollybelow with the vesture very tight and ferrugineous to somewhat faded in age, themidrib, 6-9 pairs of principal lateral veins, and reticulum prominent below, slightly tomoderately raised above; petiole 1-3 mm long, densely tomentose or appressed-tomentose; stipules 4-6 mm long, abaxially densely appressed-tomentose to gla-brescent in age, adaxially glabrous, 60-100% connate, the pair usually at leastshallowly bidentate at apex, approximately triangular. Inflorescence 7-L4 cm long,

1999 ANDERSON: MALPIGH IACE,AE

densely tomentose, the flowers borne 1 (2) per bract; bracts and bracteoles decidu-ous during anthesis or enlargement of fruit or some (especially bracteoles) irregularlypersistent; bracts 1.5-5 mm long, l-2 mm wide, triangular to narrowly lanceolate,

spreading and * stiff, abaxially tomentose, adaxially glabrous; peduncle none;bracteoles l ike bracts but smal ler ,0.7-2 mm long,0.5-1.5 mm wide; pedicel 4-9mm long, densely tomentose or velutinous, mostly somewhat circinate in bud,decurved or twisted in fruit. Flowers 12-16 mm in diameter. Sepals all biglandular,1.8-2.5 mm long beyond glands, 1.8-2.5 mm wide, triangular, obtuse to rounded atapex, appressed in bud, appressed or reflexed at apex in anthesis, abaxially denselyappressed-tomentose, adaxially glabrous, accrescent in fruit, up to 3.5 mm longand wide; glands 1.3-2.5 mm long. Petals yellow, glabrous, the lateral 4 reflexed inanthesis, with the claw 2.5-3 mm long, the l imb 4.5-6.5 mm long and 5.5-7 mmwide, oblate; posterior petal erect, the thick claw 2.5-3 mm long, the l imb 3-4 mmlong, 4-5.5 mm wide, corrugated. Filaments 1 .4-2.2 mm long, distinct or connate upto 0.5 mm, abaxially glabrous, adaxially hirsute at base; anthers 7.7-3 mm long,glabrous or bearing a few straight appressed hairs on connective outside loculesor between locules, the locules l inear, I.5-2.7 mm long, rounded or obtuse at apexand not or hardly detached, the connective exceeding locules by 0-0.6 mm, theextension straight and rounded or obtuse. Ovary conical, 1-1.3 mm high, denselybrown-tomentose, all 3 locules ferti le; styles 2.5-3.5 mm long, glabrous, nearlystraight or bent at apex. Immature fruit depressed-globose, 6-7 mm long and B-8.5 mm in diameter (dried), densely brown-tomentose to glabrescent.

AoorlroNnL SpEcrrr,rnNs E,xenlrNsn: Bolivia. SRNIn Cnuz: Velasco Province, Parque Noel Kempff

Mercado , Huanchaca 1 . 13 '5341"S ,60 '48 '46"W,500 m, pampa, Jan f l , So to e t a l . 170 (MICH) .

Brazi l . Mnlo Gr<osso: P6rto Velho-Cuiabi i , Km 788, 13"20 S, 59'50'W, 680 m, campo wi th t rees, Mar

f l , Bamps 5490 (MICH); MT-170 between I tamarat i and Campo Novo do Parecis, 13'58'5, 57o59'W,

cerrado, Jan f l , Dubs 2049 (MfCH), Mun. Reserva do Cabaqal , MT-175, Res. do CabaEal a Chapada

dos Parecis, entre Km 35 e Fazenda Santiago, sandy soil. Oct fl, Hatschbach 63917 (MICH).-

RoNnONre: Campos 4 km from Vi lhena, c lay soi l , 12o45'S,60'16'W, Oct f l , Vie i ra et a l .6 lB ( INPA,

MICH);Fazenda 56o Francisco de Assis, Km 645 da estrada Vi lhena-Pimenta Bueno, l2 '45 'S,60o10'W,

Nov fl, Vieira et al. 954 (MICH); Vilhena, arredores do aeroporto, campo cerrado, Jan fl/ imm fr, M.

G. Silva & Pinheiro 4084 (MICH\.

When I described Byrsonima affinis W. R. Anderson (Anderson, 1982), Iincluded a distribution map for that species and its nearest relative, B. basilobaAdr. Juss. Byrsonima basiloba is common in western Bahia, Minas Gerais, Goids,and the Distrito Federal, but I also mapped two atypical populations from west-ern Mato Grosso and adjacent Ronddnia. With the accumulation of more collec-tions and further study, I have decided that the western populations deserverecognition as a distinct species, to which I am giving the epithet lanulosa rnreference to the very tightly woolly leaves. Byrsonima lanulosa resembles B. basi-loba in its stature and subsessile leaves and in the vesture of the lamina, but B.basiloba differs in the following characters: its lamina is often larger, both longerand wider, it is sessile, and its base is shallowly lobed and amplexicaul; its inflores-cence is much longer and compound, i.e., the proximal cincinni usually have 2-several f lowers developing; its pedicel is usually straight or nearly so in bud andfruit; and the fruits are much larger, often 17 mm or more in diameter.

This species was cited as"Byrsonima sp. nov. ined. no. 1" in the Mato Grossochecklist (Anderson, 1998, p. 180).

CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLIJ}'IE22

Byrsonima riparia W. R. Anderson, sp. nov.-Typn: Bor-lvrn. Santa Cruz'. Prov.Velasco, Estancia Flor de Oro, 3 km SE of the buildings, inundated forestalong first oxbow lake upstream and on W side of Rfo lt€nez (= RioGuapor6) , l3 '34 '5 ,60o59 'W, 190 m,28 Jun 1991 f l , M. l r {ee 41518 (ho lo -type: MICH!; isotypes (not seen): G, K, LPB, MO, NY, SP, USZ). Fig. 1.

Frutex vel arbor 2-14 m alta, ramis glabris. Lamina foliorum majorum 8.5-13.5 (-18) cm longa,3.5-6.5 (-7.5) cm lata, e l l ipt ica vel parum ovata, basi cuneata,apice obtusa vel abrupte breviacuminata, petiolus 7-20 mm longus; stipulae 1.8-3.5 (-4.5) mm longae, \ l } -omnino connatae. Bracteae 1.5-3 mm longae, 0.8-1.8mm latae, persistentes vel irregulariter deciduae; pedunculus 0-1 mm longus; pedi-cellus 7*10 mm longus, circinatus in alabastro. decurvatus vel tortus in fructu.Sepala abaxialiter sericea vel tomentosa, adaxialiter glabra. Petala alba, alba etrosea, vel rosea. Antherae2.5-1mm longae, locul is2.4-3.5 mm longis, cyl indr ic is.sericeis, connectivo loculos usque ad 1 mm superanti et saepe recurvato in 7antheris anticis. 0-0.2 mm superanti in 3 antheris posticis. Ovarium glabrum, locu-l is omnibus fert i l ibus. Fructus ruber, 11-13 mm longus et 8-10 mm diametro(siccus).

Shrub or tree 2-14 m tall; stems glabrous except hispid in axil of stipules.Lamina of larger leaves 8.5-13.5 (-18) cm long, 3.5-6.5 (-7.5) cm wide, el l ipt icalor slightly ovate, cuneate and often somewhat decurrent at base, f lat at margin,acute to obtuse or abruptly very shortly acuminate at apex, quite glabrate atmaturity or with scattered straight appressed hairs persistent especially on midrib:principal lateral veins 8-I2 pairs, very fine and distinguished only with diff icultyfrom lesser lateral veins, the lateral veins and reticulum visible on both sides butonly slightly raised; petiole 7-20 mm long, glabrate at maturity or bearing scat-tered straight appressed hairs; stipules 1.8-3.5 (-4.5) mm long, I12 to completelyconnate with the pair sulcate to smooth and ovate or triangular, obtuse at apex,init ially sericeous abaxially and on margin but often glabrate in age, adaxiallyglabrous. lnflorescence 6-17 cm long, * persistently sericeous to tomentose withthe hairs often progressively looser and more spreading from base to apex, origi-nally reddish or ferrugineous but sometimes fading to white in age; f lowers borneI (-2) per bract; bracts and bracteoles persistent in fruit or irregularly deciduousduring anthesis or enlargement of fruits; bracts 1.5-3 mm long, 0.8-1.8 mm wide,lanceolate or ovate, spreading and distally usually reflexed or revolute, abaxiallythinly sericeous, adaxially glabrous, peduncle none or up to 1 mm long; bracteoleslike bracts but smaller, especially narrower; pedicel 7-1,0 mm long, tomentose oroccasionally subsericeous, circinate or twisted in bud, decurved or twisted in fruit.Sepals green. all biglandular, 1.5-2.5 mm long beyond glands, 2-2.5 mm wide,broadly rounded, abaxially sericeous or tomentose, cil iate all around margin, adax-ially glabrous, reflexed distally in anthesis, accrescent in fruit, up to 3 mm longand 4.5 mm wide; glands 2-3 mm long, white. Petals described as white, whitewith pink, or pale pink, glabrous; lateral petals strongly recurved in anthesis, theclaw 2.7-3.5 mm long, the l imb oblate, 5-6.5 mm long, 7-9 mm wide, posteriorpetal with the thick claw erect, 3.5-5 mm long, the l imb erect to reflexed, 3.5-4.5mm long and 4-5.5 mm wide, smooth to corrugated. Filaments 2-2.5 mm long,straight, connate only at very base, abaxially glabrous, adaxially densely red-hir-sute on proximal half; anthers 2.5-4 mm long; locules 2.4-3.5 mm long, roundedand often detached at apex, cylindrical, l inear, unwinged, sericeous on sides andbetween locules for most of their length; connective extended (0-) 0.1-1 mm

ANDERSON: MALPIGHIACEAEI 999

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FlG. 1 . Bvrsoninta ripariu. a) flowering branch, x0.5; b) stipules, x2.5; c) flower, x2.5; d) posteriorpetal , x2.51 e) stamens, anter ior ( lef t ) and poster ior ( r ight) , x5; f ) gynoecium, x-5; g) o ld f lower wi thbracts and bracteoles fall ing. x2.5; h) fruiting branch with many bracts and bracteoles persistent, x0.5;i) fruit, x2.5. Drawn by Karin Douthit; a-g from Prance 6819;h*i from Sidnev IFonseca] 1299.

1 0 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME22

beyond locules, the extension 0-0.2 long on posterior 3 anthers, longer on anterior7, rounded or tapered, straight or the longer ones recurved. Ovary 1-1.5 mm high,glabrous, all 3 locules ferti le; styles 5-6 mm long, bent near apex. Fruit red, ovoid,11-13 mm long and 8-10 mm in diameter (dried), glabrous, shallowly excavated atbase.

Annn'loNRL SpectvpNs Ex,A.N4lNpn: Bolivia. Snrura Cnuz, Velasco Province: Reserva Ecol5gica ElRefugio, ca 14'39-46'5,61'00-10'W, Foster 83, 150,291, Carr i6n & Ayala 353. Gui l ldn 1374,2038,2199,3216,3407,3711, Ki l leen 6906 (al l MICH); Parque Nacional Noel Kempff Mercado, LagoCaiman, 13"35'39"S,60'54 45"W, Gttrv izu & Fuentes -300 (MICH); carretera al Chore, entre ArroyoLas Londras y Arroyo El Tigre, 74"24' IB 'S,61"08'40"W, Pel ta-Chocarro 185 (MICH); margen delRfo l tdnez (Guapor6), 20 km N del Serrania de Huanchaca, 13'33'S, 61o00'W, Pena l86 (F, MICH).Brazil. Mx'o Gnosso: Parque Nacional do Xingri, Rio Tutuari, Coelho s.n. [INPA 15868] (INPA),Mun. Sdo Fdl ix do Araguaia, Rio Araguaia, 11o3-5'S, 50'45'W, Cid Ferrei ra 6378 (K, MICH); 30 kmao sul do acampamento da Expediqao ingl6sa, Sidney IFonsecal 1299 (UB); Serra do Roncador, RioSete Septembro 3 km from Garapu, Prance 59236 (MICH, NY); Rio Suiazinha, ca 290 km N ofXavant ina, Santos & Souza R|745 (E, K, NY).-RoNDoNrA: Rio Guapor6, Bahia do Meio, Black &Cortleiro 52-15014 (IAN); Rio Pacai4s Novos, Prance 6B49 (INPA, MICH, NY).

This species grows in seasonally inundated habitats, either forests or pampas,along or near rivers, usually at elevations of 150-220 m. The epithet riparia refersto this riverine habitat; it is somewhat unusual for a Byrsonima to grow in placesthat are subject to prolonged inundation, most species preferring drier, better-drained situations. It has been collected with flowers from May to August andwith fruits in May, July, September, October, and January.

This is the species that I designated"Byrsonima sp. nov. ined. no.2" in theMato Grosso checklist (Anderson, 1998, p. 180).

One collection (Prance 6849) has substantially larger leaves than the othersseen (up to 18 cm long and 7.5 cm wide), which makes it look rather different, butin all other characters it resembles the other collections cited, and its site ofcollection is well within the range of the species, so I am considering it an aber-rant representative of the species unworthy of taxonomic recognition.

Its white/pink petals and sericeous anthers with elongated connectives placeByrsonima riparia in series Psilonemls (Niedenzu,7928). Among the other speciesin that group, the one it resembles most closely is perhaps B. alvimii W. R.Anderson, a tree of the forests of eastern Bahia, Brazrl. That differs from B.riparia in having longer stipules, sepals that are densely hairy on both sides,pedunculate cincinni of 1-3 flowers, longer and wider bracts and bracteoles, muchless hairy anther locules, and even the anther opposite the posterior petal with theconnective extended at least 0.4 mm beyond the locules. Byrsonima riparia alsoresembles B. coccolobifolia H. B. K., which is common in savannahs throughoutmuch of South America. Aside from the obvious ecological difference, B. cocco-lobifolia is immediately separable from B. riparia by its leaves, which are widerrelative to their length, rounded or subcordate at the base, and sessile or sub-sessile, with the petiole up to 2mm long. It also has shorter stipules and adaxiallysericeous sepals.

Heteropterys guianensis W. R. Anderson, sp. nov.-Type: GuyRNn. Potaro-SiparuniRegion: Pakaraima Mountains, upper Ireng River, 1-2km upstream fromKurutuik Falls, 5o10'N, 60"13'W, 800 m, riverine forest of Dicymbe, Epe-rua, Inga, and bank vegetation,23 Oct 1994 fl, T. W. Henkel 6047 (holo-type: MICH!).

7999 ANDERSON: MALPIGHIACEAE

Heteropterygis dichromocalycis affinis, sed lamina foliorum 5-6.5 cm longa, 2-2.8 cm lata, et subtus mox fere glabrata, petiolo 5-7 mm longo, sepalis tantummargine albotomentosis, ungue petali postici quam unguibus petalorum lateraliumlongiore, filamentis2-2.8 mm longis, et stylis 2.2-2.5 mm longis differt.

Woody vine, climbing to 4 m; stems tightly and persistently brown-sericeous,eventually glabrescent. Lamina of larger leaves 5-6.5 cm long, 2-2.8 cm wide,elliptical, somewhat falcate, cuneate to somewhat decurrent at base, long-acumi-nate at apex, probably init ially sericeous but very soon quite glabrate above andnearly so below, with sparse short brown or yellowish appressed hairs especiallyon the abaxial midrib to quite glabrate in age, mostly eglandular in proximal213but often bearing 1-3 tiny impressed glands in a submarginal row in distal third ofabaxial surface, the lateral veins and reticulum prominulous on both sides, slightlymore so below than above; petiole 5-7 mm long, sericeous to eventually glabres-cent, eglandular; stipules perhaps represented by minute rudiments ca 0.1 mmlong on stem beside petiole. Inflorescences terminal and axil lary, 1.5-3.5 cm longexcluding floriferous peduncles and pedicels, shorter than the subtending leaves,densely and persistently brown-sericeous, paniculate with the flowers borne ulti-mately in umbels of 4 (-6); floriferous bracts l-2.5 mm long, 0.7-0.8 mm wide,elliptical, rounded at apex, eglandular, abaxially densely sericeous, adaxially sparselysericeous, persistent as far as known; peduncle 2-3.5 mm long; bracteoles l ike thebracts or slightly smaller, somewhat spreading and involute, borne at apex ofpeduncle; pedicel 3.5-5 mm long, appressed-tomentose with hairs lighter brownthan on inflorescence axes. Sepals 2.5-3 mm long (1.5-1.8 mm beyond glands),1.1-1.5 mm wide, narrowly ell iptical, obtuse to rounded at apex, completely con-cealing petals in enlarging bud, revolute in anthesis, abaxially densely appressed-tomentose with ferrugineous hairs, white-tomentose on margin, adaxially thinlytomentose, the anterior eglandular or occasionally bearing 1 gland, the lateral 4mostly biglandular with the glands 1.2-1.4 mm long. Petals yellow, mostly abaxiallysparsely sericeous or tomentose in the center and otherwise glabrous, the claw 2-2.5 mm long (slightly longer and notably thicker in posterior petal than in lateralpetals), the l imb 2.2-2.8 mm long, 2-2.8 mm wide, ell iptical to rotund, erose orcoarsely dentate, eglandular. Stamens glabrous; filaments 2-2.8 mm long, straightand slender, longer opposite sepals than opposite petals, basally connate; anthers0.5-0.9 mm long, the connective uniformly dark red or yellow at very apex. Ovary 0.8mm high, sericeous; styles 2.2-2.5 mm long, nearly straight, divergent to reflexedin age, glabrous except for the sericeous base, laterally flattened distally anddorsally rounded, truncate, or bluntly short-apiculate at apex. Fruits unknown.

This species, which is known only from the type, is assignable to the large anddifficult subgenus Parabanisteria (C. V. Morton) C.V. Morton. Within that group,it shares with relatively few other species the distinction of having the flowersborne in umbels of 4-6, and among the species with that inflorescence it mostresembles Heteropterys dichromocalyx W. R. Anderson, which is known onlyfrom its type, collected in Amazdnas, Brazil, on the southern slopes of the Pico daNeblina. The two species are readily distinguished because H. dichromocalyx hasmuch larger leaves-the lamina is l1-I2 cm long and 5-7 cm wide, and the petioleis 8-10 mm long-and the lamina is thinly but persistently sericeous below. In allthe characters of their inflorescences they are similar, as are their flowers in mostrespects. The sepals of FL dichromocalyx have white hairs over the distal part ofthe abaxial surface, not just around the margin; the claw of its posterior petal isshorter than that of the lateral petals; its filaments are 2.6-3.4 mm long; and its

11

72 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME22

styles are 2.7-3 mm long. Except, perhaps, for the sepal hairs, the differences inthe flowers are not very impressive and might all disappear when more material isavailable. However, the differences in leaf size and vesture are substantial andsuggest that these populations both deserve recognition as species, always subject,of course, to re-evaluation when they are better known. The type of H. dichro-mocalyx came from an especially inaccessible area, and it may be a long timebefore that plant is collected again.

Heteropterys hatschbachii W. R. Anderson, sp. nov.-Typn: Bnazrl. Mato Grossodo Sul: Mun. Rio Verde do Mato Grosso, Salto das Sete Quedas on RioVerde, ca 15 km SW of Rio Verde [ca 18"55'S, 54o55'W], shrubby vegeta-tion on sandstone rocks, with sandy soil, 8 Feb 1975 fllfr,W. R. Anderson11257 (holotype: MBM!; isotypes: MICH! NY). Fig.2.

Heteropterygis mathewsanae Adr. Juss. affinis, sed habito arborescenti, foliisappressis, lamina foliorum majorum 4-8.5 cm longa e|2.3-4.7 cm lata, petiolo24mm longo, et samara2T-26 mm longa differt.

Shrub or bushy tree 1.5-4 m tall; stems initially densely and tightly brown-sericeous, glabrescent to glabrate in age. Leaves opposite, appressed; lamina oflarger leaves 4-8.5 cm long, 2.31.7 cm wide, ovate or elliptical, rounded or sub-cordate at base, flat at margin, abruptly short-acuminate, acute, obtuse, to rounded atapex, initially densely sericeous on both sides with very short strongly appressedbrown hairs turning white in age, eventually glabrescent but with some vestureusually persistent especially proximally on midrib, eglandular or with a row ofsmall abaxial glands parallel to but set in from the margin, the 6-8 pairs of princi-pal lateral veins and intricate reticulum prominent abaxially, not or hardly visibleadaxially; petiole 24 mm long, densely and persistently sericeous or eventuallyglabrescent, bearing2 glands at or below middle * sunk in pits; stipules absent orminute, up to 0.3 mm long, borne on stem beside base of petiole. Inflorescence adensely and persistently brown-sericeous panicle, with the flowers borne ultimate-ly in elongated pseudoracemes (1.3-) 2-9 cm long and containing 8-40 flowers;bracts 1.5-3 mm long, 0.6-1 mm wide, lanceolate, eglandular or bearing 2 tinyglands on margin near middle, abaxially sericeous, adaxially very sparsely seri-ceous or glabrous, persistent during anthesis and below maturing fruits, persistentor irregularly deciduous at nodes from which pedicels have fallen; peduncle none;bracteoles l ike bracts but smaller (1-1.6 mm long, 0.4-0.5 mm wide) and eglandu-lar; pedicel 3-4.5 mm long. Sepals 2.5-2.7 mm long, I-1..7 mm wide, ovate orelliptical, acute, revolute in anthesis, abaxially brown-sericeous, adaxially glabrous,all eglandular or some with rudimentary glands or the lateral 4 biglandular, theglands when well developed 1.7-1.4 mm long. Petals yellow, abaxially looselysericeous in center and sometimes pilose on margin, erose or denticulate, eglan-dular; lateral 4 petals spreading or reflexed, the claw 2-2.5 mm long, the limb 2.5-3.5 mm long, 2-3 mm wide; posterior petal erect (?) or spreading, the claw l.B-2mm long, the l imb 2.5 mm long, I.7-2.2 mm wide. Stamens glabrous; f i laments1.5-2.5 mm long, longer opposite sepals than opposite petals, all straight andslender, connate at base; anthers 0.9-1.2 mm long, the connective red to black.Ovary 0.7-0.9 mm high, sericeous; styles 2-2.8 mm long, erect and straight or theposterior 2 somewhat divergent from base and then erect, the posterior 2 rotatedso that all 3 stigmas face toward posterior petal, glabrous or sericeous near base,dorsally short-hooked at apex, the hook 0.I-0.2 mm long. Samara 2I-26 mm long;

1999 ANDERSON: MALPIGHIACEAE

FIG. 2. Heteropterlts hatschbachii and H. mathewsana. a-h, H. hatschbachii: a) tlowering branch,x0.5; b) base of leaf, abaxial view, to show glands on petiole, tiny glands on lamina, and fine reticulum,x1.5; c) flower buds, with and without glands on lateral sepals, x5; d) flower, side view, with all petalsremoved except the posterior and with 1 lateral sepal cut away, x5; e) petals, abaxial view to show hairs,posterior petal to left, lateral petal to right, x5; f) anthers, adaxial view to left, abaxial view to right, x10; g)distal portion of style, x20; h) fruit with 2 samaras developed, x1. i-o, H. mathewsana:1) leaf, abaxial view,x0.5;j) flower bud, x5; k) flower, side view with posterior petal to right, x5; l) posterior petal, abaxial view,x5; m) anthers. abaxial view to left, adaxial view to right, x10; n) distal portion of style, x20; o) fruit with 2samaras developed, x1. Drawn by Karin Douthit; a-h from Anderson 11257 except gland-bearing bud in c,from Hatschbach 37651: i-n from Ribeiro & Pinheiro Il]g: o from Ribeiro & pinheiro t l9g.

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t4 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME22

dorsal wing 1722 mm long, 9-I7 mm wide, the abaxial edge curved gradually up-ward; nut 4-6 mm long, 3-4 mm high, ovoid.

AoorrroNRr- SpecnreNs ExRnrNEo: Brazil. Mnro Gnosso: Mun. Chapada dos Guimar6es, PortSo

do Inferno, on rocky slopes, Nov fl, Hatschbach 37549 (MICH); Mun. Chapada dos Guimar6es, Rio

Cachoeirinha, cerrado on rocky soil, Nov fl, Hatschbach 37651 (MBM, MICH).

This species is named for my old friend Gert Hatschbach (b. 1923), whoselove of plants and inexhaustible energy have enabled him to make marvelouscontributions to taxonomic botany in Brazil. Vegetatively, Heteropterys hatsch-bachii suggests H. fruticosa W. R. Anderson, another species of subgenus Para-banisteria with a shrubby habit and small, short-petioled, appressed leaves. How-ever, it is probably actually most closely related to H. mathewsana Adr. Juss. Bothspecies have elongated, many-flowered pseudoracemes, sessile pedicels (the lattera very rare condition in the subgenus), and small petals that are abaxially seri-ceous in the center. They are easily distinguished, because /'L mathewsana rs awoody vine, its leaves are spreading and have a longer petiole and lamina, and itssamara is much longer. See Figure 2 f,or a comparison of the two species.

As often happens in Heteropterys subgenus Parabanisteria, some plants of thisspecies have the sepals completely eglandular and others have the four lateralsepals biglandular. In this case, both conditions occur in the type collection, aswell as flowers with rudimentary glands; this is a good demonstration of why Iassign no taxonomic significance to the presence or absence of calyx glands in thisgroup.

In the Mato Grosso checklist (Anderson, 1998, p. 182) I cited this species as"Heteropterys sp. nov. ined. no.2."

Heteropterys marginata W. R. Anderson, sp. nov.-Tvps: BReztl. Mato Grosso:Mun. St. Antonio de Leverger, Highway St. Antonio de Leverger-Bardode MelgaEo at Km 46, 16"05'S, 55o50'W, 130-160 m, campo de murundus,16 Sep 1991 fl, M. Schessl2266 (holotype: MICH!).

Heteropterygis grandiflorae Adr. Juss. affinis, sed pseudoracemis 1-2 (-2.5)cm longis ex 4-8 (-10) floribus constantibus, sepalis abaxialiter ferrugineo-tomen-tosis margine albo-tomentosis, et petalis margine non profunde erosis posteriori-bus pilosis differt.

Shrub 1.8-2.5 m tall, much branched, forming dense thickets; stems init iallydensely rufous-sericeous with some hairs spreading, soon glabrate. Leaves oppo-site or subopposite or occasionally whorled; lamina 4.5-9 cm long, 2-4.9 cm wide,ell iptical or somewhat obovate, rounded or broadly cuneate at base, rounded oremarginate at apex, initially densely sericeous on both sides with the hairs short,straight, appressed or somewhat spreading, glabrate at maturity or sparsely seri-ceous below, especially on midrib, with 3-7 small abaxial glands in a row wellwithin margin, the lateral veins and reticulum about as prominent above as below;petiole 3-4 mm long, initially sericeous but glabrate at maturity, eglandular; stipulesnot found. Inflorescences borne mostly on leafless branches, apparently develop-ing after the fall of previous season's leaves and before the emergence of newleaves, densely and persistently sericeous or appressed-tomentose with reddish brownhairs, paniculate with the flowers borne ultimately in pseudoracemes l-2 (-2.5) cmlong and containing 4-8 (-10) flowers; floriferous bracts and bracteoles 1-1.5 mm

1999 ANDERSON: MALPIG HIACEAE

long, ell iptical, eglandular or (especially the bracteoles) with 1 tiny marginal glandon each side, persistent, at least during anthesis; peduncle 1-3.5 mm long; pedicel4.5-6 mm long, with l ighter brown hairs. Sepals 3-3.5 mm long (2 mm beyondglands), I.5-2 mm wide, narrowly ovate, completely concealing petals in enlargingbud, revolute in anthesis, abaxially tomentose with ferrugineous hairs, white-tomen-tose on margin, adaxially glabrous, the anterior eglandular or bearing 1 smallgland, the lateral 4 biglandular with the glands 1.5-1.9 mm long. Petals yellow,glabrous except the posterior 1-3 white-pilose on the margin, the claw 4 mm long,the l imb 6-9 mm long, 7.5-10 mm wide, ovate, shallowly erose, eglandular. Fila-ments 2-3 mm long, straight and slender, longer opposite sepals than oppositepetals, basally connate; anthers l.I-7.2 mm long, the locules pilose at base andapex, the connective proximally reddish, distally yellow. Ovary 1.5 mm high, seri-ceous; styles 2.2 mm long, the anterior straight, the posterior 2 somewhat arcuateand slightly turned toward posterior petal, glabrous or sericeous at very base,laterally flattened distally and dorsally truncate or bluntly apiculate at apex. Fruitsunknown.

AoorrroNnl- SprcnrpNs Exarr.rrNeo: Brazil. Mato Grosso: Type locality, Sep fl, Schessl227a (MICH);Mun. Pocon6, Faz. Ipiranga 10 km S of Pocon6, seasonally inundated floodplains near the BentoGomes river, Sep I'1, Sc'ftess/ 190992-1-6 (MICH).

This species is another member of subgenus Parabanisteria, in which it isclosest to Heteropterys grandiflora Adr. Juss. Heteropterys marginata is readilydistinguished from that species by the densely white-tomentose margin of thesepals, contrasting dramatically with the ferrugineous hairs covering the abaxialsurface. It also differs in having the petals only shallowly erose, and the limb of atleast the posterior petal white-pilose on the margin. The epithet marginata refersto these characters of the sepals and petals.

I designated this plant " Heteropterys sp. nov.checklist (Anderson, 1998, p. 182).

Mascagnia anderssonii W. R. Anderson, sp. nov.-Type: Ecunoon. Loja: 3 kmfrom Malacatos on road to Vilcabamba, 1850 m, dry scrub, 3 Feb 1985 fl,G. Harling & L. Andersson 21477 (holotype: GB!, isotype: US!).

Liana lignosa. Lamina foliorum majorum 3-11 cm longa, 1.5-5.2 cm lata,adaxialiter mox glabrata, abaxialiter dense et pertinaciter argenteo-sericea, mar-gine utrinque (0-) 1 (-2) glandulis parvis instructa; petiolus 3-11 mm longus.Inflorescentia panicula brevis, floribus in umbelHs a (-6)-floris; pedunculus 1-2.5mm longus; pedicellus 6-11 mm longus (-13 mm in fructu). Petala lutea, abaxi-aliter sericea. Antherae 0.8-1 .2 mm longae, connectivo rubro vel nigro. Styli 1.4-2.4 mm longi, apice dorsaliter brevi-apiculati. Samara alis lateralibus inter se l ib-eris, sericeis vel glabrescentibus, 5.5-11 mm latis alt isque, ala dorsali (2-) 3-7 mmlata, 5-10 mm alta.

Woody vine; stems initially sericeous, eventually glabrescent. Lamina of largerleaves 3-11 cm long, I.5-5.2 cm wide, elliptical or ovate, cuneate to almost roundedat base, acuminate, acute, obtuse, to rounded and sometimes emarginale at apex,initially sericeous above but soon glabrate, densely and persistently sericeous belowwith the tightly appressed hairs giving the leaf a silvery metallic sheen, bearing (0-)1 (-2) small glands on margin near base; petiole 3-II mm long, + persistently

1 5

ined. no. 1" in the Mato Grosso

l 6 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 22

sericeous, eglandular or bearing 2 small glands at apex or slightly below; stipules0.3-0.7 mm long, triangular, interpetiolar. Inflorescence a short, dense, axil lary orterrninal panicle with the flowers ult imately borne in umbels of 4 (-6), sericeousthroughout; bracts 0.7-2 mm long, narrowly triangular or ell iptical, appressed,eglandular. abaxially sericeous to glabrescent, adaxially glabrous, persistent; peduncleI-2.5 mm long; bracteoles like the bracts but shorter, 0.f1 mm long, borne at apex ofpeduncle: pedicel 6-11 mm long (-13 mm in fruit). Sepals leaving the outer petalexposed during enlargement of bud, 1.5-2 mm long, 1-2 mm wide, appressed orslightly revolute around margin in anthesis, rounded at apex, abaxially denselysericeous except glabrous and membranous near margin, adaxially glabrous, alleglandular or the anterior eglandular and the lateral 4 biglandular with the glands0.9-1.5 mm long. Petals yel low, very densely ser iceous abaxial ly on claw and l imbexcept near margin; 4 lateral petals spreading, the claw 1-2 mm long, the l imb 3-4.5 mm long, 3-3.5 mm wide, * concave, subentire or denticulate, posterior petal* erect . the c law I .B-2 mrn long, the l imb 25-28 mm long,2-2.5 mm wide, f lat ,short-f imbriate with the divisions sometimes thickened. Filaments 1.9-2.8 mmlong, longest opposi te anter ior sepal , th ickest opposi te anter ior sepal and al l 5petals. abaxially glabrous or (usually) sparsely sericeous. adaxially glabrous. nearlystraight, I l4- l l2 connate; anthers 0.8-1.2 mm long, the connect ive red to black.Ovary 1.2 mm high, sericeous, especially distally; styles 1.4-2.4 mm long, subequalwith the anterior usually slightly longer or slightly shorter than the posterior 2.glabrous. straight or slightly bowed, dorsally short-apiculate at apex. Samara tomen-tose on nut. sericeous to glabrescent on wings, butterfly-shaped with 2 discretelateral wings and a well-developed dorsal wing, and without additional outgrowthsbetween lateral and dorsal wings; wings erose or coarsely and irregularly dentate;lateral wings -5.5-11 mm wide (measured from nut to farthest margin) and high(measured at right angles to width), roughly square or rectangular or trapezoidal;dorsal wing (2-) 3-7 mm wide (measured from nut to farthest margin) and 5-10mm high (measured at approximately right angles to width), rectangular or trian-gular with the apex of the triangle ti l ted toward apex of nut; ventral areole 3-3.5mm high, 0.6-1.2 mm wide, l inear to el l ipt ical .

Anntr tox. , r t - SpncrrvENs E,xa,vrNpo: Ecuador. Guayas: Guayaqui l Cant6n: Cerro Azul , forest , Scpfr . Asplund l75Bq (S); Hacienda Barcelona, 12 km from Guayaqui l on road to Sal inas-Plavas, t ropicaldeciduous forest . May 11. Gi lmurt in 712 (US) and Jul f r , Gi l rnurt in 750 (US)l Cerro Blanco, Km l5ca r re te ra a Sa l i nas .2o l0 'S ,79o58 'W,300 m, bosque seco t rop ica l , Aug f r , RL tb io e t u l . 1924 (MICH) ICer ro Azu l , Km 13 , ca r re te ra a Sa l i nas ,2 '10 'S .79 '58 'W,300 m, bosque seco t rop ica l , May f r ,T ipazet a l . 868 (MICH).-Lo:n: Mol lococha, ca 10 km W of Vi lcabamba, 1600 m, dry scrub, Feb f l , Har l ing& Andersson 21767 (GB. MICH); Hac. Comunidades, S. Vi lcabamba, 1600 m, dry s lopes, Mav f r .Sparre 16076 (S). Peru. L,qN4eAyEeLrE: Km 28 E of Olmos, Mesones-Muro Highway between Olmosand Jaen, 1150-1200 m, Jan f l . Hutchison & Wright 3466 (F). -Prun,r : Huancabamba, La Beat i ta,1300 m, laderas jur-rto a monte perenne, Apr f '1, Llatas Quiroz. lB54 (F, MICH).

I am happy to name this species in honor of Dr. Lennart Andersson (b. 1948),student of New World Marantaceae and Musaceae and the flora of Ecuador, andone of the collectors of the type.

The populations included here under this name fall into two groups. Thosefrom low elevations (up to 300 m) near Guayaquil have relatively large leaves (8-11 x 4-5.2 cm) that are often acuminate. The populations from higher elevations(1150-1850 m) in Loja, Piura, and Lambayeque have smaller leaves (up to 6.5 x3.2 cm) that are mostly obtuse to rounded at the apex. In all other characters theyare similar, and they all occupy dry habitats. I suspect that thorough collection

r999 ANDERSON: MALPIGHIACEAE

will show a cline in leaf size and shape from low to high elevations, so at least fornow I am treating all this variation as one species.

Mascagnia anderssoniibelongs to a group of species in which the oldest namesare M. sinentariensis (Aubl.) Griseb. and M. chlorocarpa (Adr. Juss.) Griseb. Thegroup is defined by having the glands on the lamina (if any) strictly marginal, thepetals yellow and abaxially densely sericeous, and the samara butterfly-shaped(i.e.. with two quite distinct lateral wings). Within that group, there are two previ-ously described species that have the lamina abaxially more or less densely andpersistently sericeous, M. dukei Cuatrec. & Croat and M. chasei W. R. Anderson.Mascagnia dukei was described from a collection from wet forest in Panama andis sti l l known only from its type, which bears fruits; M. chasei is a species of drythickets and woodlands in Bahia, Brazll. Both M. dukei and M. chasei are immedi-ately distinguished from M. anderssonii by the samara, which lacks a dorsal wingin those two species; there may be a tiny apical-dorsal crest ca 1 mm high andwide in M. tlukei, but nothing l ike the well-developed wing of M. anrlerssonii.Mascagnia chctsei differs further in having its flowers borne in an unbranchedpseudoraceme with the 2-5 pairs of f lowers separated by internodes; the abaxialvesture of the lamina is looser and often less dense; the pedicel is only 3.5-5 mmlong; and the connective of the anthers is brownish, not red to black as rn M.anderssonii. Mascugnia dukei shows the following additional differences from M.anderssomi: its pedicel is sessile or subsessile (with the peduncle rarely up to 0.5mm long), the lamina lacks glands on the margin, the styles bear a well-developeddorsal hook at the apex; the lateral wings of the samara are higher, 15 mm ormore; and the wings of the immature samara are more tomentose than sericeous.There is also the difference in habitats, M. dukei being a plant of wet forests.Mascagnia dtrkei has relatively large leaves, l ike those of the large-leaved popula-tions of M. anderssonii from Guayas, while M. chasei has smaller leaves very likethose of the higher-elevation populations of M. anderssonii.

Populations of Mascagnia anderssonii with glandular and eglandular sepalsoccur at both low and high elevations. As in other groups, I accord no taxonomicimportance to that character, but for the record I should state that in this case thetype has all the sepals eglandular.

Mezia beckii W. R. Anderson, sp. nov.-Type: Bor-rvra. Pando: Prov. Manuripi,trocha entre el campamento Bay y Curich6n, monte alto, 1B Oct 1989 fl/f r , S. G. Beck 19513 (holotype MICH!).

Meziae arauioi Nied. affinis sed bracteis caducis et bracteola exteriore 1 glan-dula abaxiali excentrica instructa differt.

Woody vine; stems initially dark-brown-sericeous, eventually glabrescent. Lami-na of leaves (only 2 seen) 20-23 cm long, 9.3-10.3 cm wide, ell iptical or slightlyobovate, cuneate at base, f lat and hardly thickened at margin, abruptly short-acuminate at apex with the acumen 8 mm long, glabrate at maturity or bearing afew dark brown hairs abaxially near base, abaxially bearing 1 large gland at baseon each side of midrib, sunk in crypts, and a single row of small impressed glandsin a distal row several mm inside margin, the reticulum and 4-5 pairs of lateralveins visible but only moderately raised above, prominent below; petiole (only 1seen intact) 26 mm long, glabrate at maturity, eglandular; stipules not seen, presum-ably borne on the interpetiolar ridge. Inflorescence open with spreading branches,appressed-tomentose with dark brown hairs to patchily glabrescent, the flowers

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1 8 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUI'/E22

ultimately borne in 4-flowered umbels; stalk of the lateral umbels 5-14 mm long,

bearing 1 pair of caducous steri le bracts at very base or up to 3 mm above base,

well below middle; f loriferous bracts (only 1 seen) 4.3 mm long, obovate and

broadly rounded at apex, conduplicate, eglandular, abaxially densely appressed-

tomentose with brown hairs, adaxially glabrous, caducous, peduncle 11-18 mm

long in flower, thickened and elongated in fruit, brown-tomentose; bracteoles 5-

7.5 mm long, the outer bearing 1 protuberant circular or ell iptical gland 0.5-1 mm

long abaxially at base near one margin, the inner eglandular, both abaxially densely

subsericeous or appressed-tomentose with the hairs brown, adaxially glabrous,

broadly rounded and often emarginate at apex, the midrib not raised abaxially,persistent at least in immature fruit; pedicel ca 1 mm long in flower, ca 2 mm long

in immature fruit, hirsute with the hairs appressed. Sepals 4.5-5.5 mm long beyondglands, 2-2.5 mm wide, spatulate', spreading or reflexed in anthesis, strongly revo-

lute along sides, abaxially densely brown-tomentose, adaxially glabrous, the ante-rior eglandular, the lateral 4 biglandular with the glands 2.3-2.5 mm long, com-pletely connate, the pair I.B-2.3 mm wide, obovate or quadrate. Petals yellow,

abaxially loosely white-tomentose in center; lateral petals with the claw 2-3 mmlong, the l imb 7-11 mm long, 6-9 mm wide, significantly larger in anterior pair

than in posterior pair, orbicular or obovate, crumpled, erose, eglandular; posterior

petal (probably not full-sized) with the claw 1.6 mm long, thick, constricted at

apex, the l imb 6 mm long, 4.7 mm wide, obovate, dentate or short-f imbriate,

eglandular. Filaments connate only in the basal 0.6 mm, tomentose distally, erect

and straight or (especially opposite lateral sepals) bent toward center of f lower,

strongly heteromorphic, 2-4 mm long, shortest opposite posterior petal, then pro-

gressively longer opposite anterior-lateral petals, lateral sepals, and posterior-

lateral petals, longest opposite anterior sepal; anthers 1.51mm long, white-tomen-

tose at base, with the connective adaxially dark red its whole length and abaxially

dark red proximally and yellow distally, heteromorphic, those opposite sepals

more abundantly tomentose than those opposite petals and having the connectivewidened so as to displace the locules laterally. Ovary 1.5 mm high, tomentose;styles 3-3.5 mm long, sericeous at base, nearly terete, pedaliform at apex (i.e.,

with a short, broad abaxial extension resembling from above the sole of a shoe);

anterior style nearly erect or inclined slightly toward posterior petal and often

somewhat sigmoid; posterior styles lyrate or sigmoid, bent outward in proximal

third, then bent inward, and distally bent outward, with the stigmas twisted towardposterior petal. Samara approximately circular, 65-:77 mm wide and high, appressed-

tomentose on the nut, thinly sericeous on the wings; lateral wing 25-35 mm wide,

continuous at base, deeply incised at apex to where both lobes fuse with proximal

5-10 mm of central dorsal wing, membranous, nearly flat except near nut, entireor repand at margin; central dorsal wing 7-15 mm wide,23-25 mm high, semicir-cular or somewhat repand, apparently nearly flat; dorsal wing connected to lateralwing on both sides by 5-7 winglets at right angles to those wings and fused withthem, each winglet I0-I2 x 7-8 mm, the winglets often interconnected by a shortwinglet parallel to dorsal wing; nut outside lateral wing bearing 8-10 ribs on eachside radiating from ventral areole, some ribs developing into winglets up to 13 x 5mm, these adnate to underside of lateral wing and sometimes also connate basallywith each other to produce a crest or winglet parallel to the lateral wing; theventral areole of the nut 1,1,-12 mm high, 4 mm wide, narrowly ovate, bordered by2 ribs that usually remain on samara.

1999 ANDERSON: MALPIGHIACEAE

This interesting species is named in honor of Stephan G. Beck (b. 1944), inrecognition of his many years of work in Bolivian floristics and ecology. It isknown only from the type, the only specimen of Mezia that I have seen fromBolivia, although M. mariposa is known from Ronddni a, Brazil, on the borderwith Bolivia.

Mezia beckii belongs to a group of species in which the posterior styles arelyrate; the other species in that group are M. angelica W. R. Anderson, M. araujoiNied., and M. moriposa W. R. Anderson (for the distribution of those threespecies, see p. 80 of Anderson, 1997).In most characters M. beckli resembles M.araujoi, a species of southeastern Brazll (Espfrito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, andeastern Minas Gerais), and if this collection had come from that area I might havegiven it that name without careful study. However, such study reveals that in Beck19513 the bracts are caducous and the outer bracteole has one large eccentricgland at the abaxial base, the latter peculiarity being shared only with M. mari-posa, which is widespread in the Amazon valley. In other important characters M.mariposa is quite different from M. beckii, e.g.,its petals are glabrous, the anthersopposite the petals are nearly or quite glabrous, and the butterfly-shaped samarahas two distinct lateral wings and lacks winglets between the dorsal and lateralwings or outside the lateral wings. Mezia beckii seems to represent an intriguinglink between the nearly-identical but geographically disjunct species M. araujoiand the geographically contiguous but morphologically distinct species M. mariposa.

ACKNOWLE,DGMENTS

The curators of the following herbaria made this work possible by sending me loans and gifts foridentification and by welcoming me when I visited their institutions: CTES. E, F, GB, IAN, INPA. K,LPB, MA, MBM, MO. NY, S, US, andZ.I a lso send thanks for many helpfu l favors to the fo l lowingfriends and colleagues: Carmen Crist6bal, Balthasar Dubs, Carol Gracie, Gert and Maria Hatsch-bach, Antonio Krapovickas, Scott Mori, Caleb Morse, and Michael Nee. Karin Douthit drew theillustrations many years ago, it is a pleasure to see them published at last.

LITERATURE CITED

Anderson, W. R. 1982. Notes on neotropical Malpighiaceae-I. Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 15: 93-136.1997. Notes on neotropical Malpighiaceae-Vl. Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 21:37_.84.1998. Malpighiaceae. In Prodromus Florae Matogrossensls, Part l. Checklist of Angiosperms,

ed. B. Dubs. [i-vi], 1-306. Kiisnacht, Switzerland: Betrona-Verlag.Gates, Bronwen. 1982. A monograph of Banisteriopsis and Diplopterys, Malpighiaceae. Flora Neo-

tropica 30: L*237.Niedenzu, F. 7928. Malpighiaceae. In Das Pflanzenreich, ed.

Wilhelm Engelmann.

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