notes in apa style

8/3/2019 Notes in Apa Style

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APA STYLEBIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION

(REFERENCE LIST)

NOTES


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At the end of the paper, all sourcesare listed on a separate page underthe title References. Like the MLAformat, the APA also arranges works

alphabetically, according to the firstword in each item.


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A BOOK

Gabor, A. (2005). Einsteins wife: work and

marriage in the lives of five great

twentieth-century women. New York:

Viking.


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Block, T. G. (2005, September 11). Riding the

waves. Forbes, pp. 182, 184.

Maran, S. P. (2003, June). A deviant star.

Natural History, pp. 24-29.

A MAGAZINE ARTICLE


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A JOURNAL ARTICLE

Reich, R. B. (2003). Beyond free trade.

Foreign Affairs, 61, 773-804.


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A NEWSPAPER ARTICLE

Matthews, J. (2005, August 28). More public

schools using private dollars. The

Washington Post, p. A1.

U.S. recommends hepatitis A vaccine. (2005,

August 27). The New York Times,section 5, p. 3


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AN ARTICLE IN ELECTRONICPUBLICATION

Plane, Jo. (2005, November). Training how

hard is your workout? Balance. [On-line]. Available:

http://tito.hyperlink.com/balance/.


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A PERSONAL INTERVIEW

Lee, Rebecca. (2007, November 20).

[Personal interview.]


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A WORK WITH TWO OR MOREAUTHORS

Reid, J. A., Forrestal, P. & Cook, J. (2004).

Small group learning in the classroom.Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.


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APA citations of works with multipleauthors:

1. Initials and last names of all authors are

inverted.2. All authors are listed by name.

3. An ampersand (&) is used in place of the

word andbefore the last authors name.


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TWO OR MORE WORKS BY THE SAMEAUTHOR, DIFFERENT YEARS

Irvin, E. (2004). New

Irvin, E. (2006). Lessons

When two or more works have the same

author(s), arrange the works chronologically.

The earliest work is listed first.


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TWO OR MORE WORKS BY THE SAMEAUTHOR, SAME YEAR

Bushman, D. (2007a). Developmental

Bushman, D. (2007b). Reduced

When author(s) have two or more works inthe same year, arrange the works

alphabetically by title. Place lowercaseletters (a,b,c, and so on) immediately afterthe year.


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REFERENCES

Bettelheim, B. (2006). The uses ofenchantment: the meaning and

importance of fairy tales. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.

Brott, A.A. (2002, June 1). Not all men are sly foxes. Newsweek,

14-15. [On-line]. InfoTrac: Expanded Academic Index/ASAP.

Davies, B., & Banks, C. (2005). The gender trap: a feminist

poststructuralist analysis of primary school childrens talk about

gender. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 24, 1-25.


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NOTES


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How APA differs from MLA

1. The year of publication is included in the

note.2. All items are separated by commas.

3. Page numbers are preceded by the

abbreviation p. orpp.


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When work is referred to a whole, no

page numbers are needed:

In a study of reaction times, (Sanders, 1997),


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Only the year is needed when the

authors name appears in thesentence:

Sanders (1996) studied reaction times


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Include pages when the source can be

located more specifically:

not necessary (Galizio, 1994, p. 9)


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Give the first word or two from the title

when the authors name is unknown.Book titles are underlined; periodicaltitles in notes are enclosed inquotation marks; all important words

are capitalized:

the book (Culture, 2005).

the article (US Policy, 2006).


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Only the year, not the complete date,

is given in notes referring to periodicalarticles. For a work with six or fewerauthors, the note lists all authors lastnames:

(Andrullis, Beers, Bentley, & Gage, 2007)


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However, only the first authors name

is given for a work with more than sixauthors:

(Sabella et al., 2007)


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When the reference list cites two or

more works written by the same authorin the same year, use lowercase lettersto differentiate them:

(Bushman, 2006a)

(Bushman, 2006b)


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When a note refers to more than one

work, separate the references by asemicolon:

(Earle & Reeves, 2005; Kowal, 2007)

notes in apa style

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