north china institute of science and technology chapter four: international cargo transport 4.1...

NORTH CHINA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Chapter Four: International Cargo Transport 4.1 Modes of Transport 4.2 Clause of Shipment 4.3 Major Shipping Documents


China Ocean Shipping (Group) Company - The COSCO is a multinational enterprise focusi

ng on the shipping and logistics businesses while providing global customers with quality ship building and repairing, marine engineering, terminal operation, trade, financial and IT services in addition to the shipping and logistics services.


Modes of Transport

Sea Transport (Ocean Transport) Rail Transport Air Transport Road Transport Inland Waterway Transport Container Transport International Multi-modal Transport Parcel Post Transport


Liner Terms: Conditions under which a ship

ping company will transport goods, including in the amount payable for freight, the cost both for loading and discharge of the cargo from the vessel.


Liner transport Characters of liner transport 1 fixed time 2 fixed port 3 fixed route 4 fixed freight 5 Liner freight covers the loading and

unloading. （四定一负责）


Modes of Lines （ 1 ） Conference Lines A shipping conference is a group of s

hipping lines operating in any particular route under agreement to provide a scheduled services with a common and a fixed ports.


（ 2 ） Non-conference Lines Non-conference Lines are operated

by shipping companies giving scheduled services but quoting freight rates independently.

E.g.: COSCO


Liner freight

Freight rate is stipulated in the tariff （运价表） . It contains basic freight rate and various kinds of surcharges.


Basic freight rate1 W2 M3 W/M4 A.V.5 W/M or A.V.6 W/M plus A.V.7 Per unit8 Open rate.


Various kinds of surcharges.

1 Extra Charges on Heavy Lifts ２ Extra Charges on Over Lengths ３ Additional on Optional ４ Direct Additional ５ Transshipment Additional ６ Port Additional 7 Discharging Port


班轮运费的计算公式：总运费＝基本运费率（ 1 ＋附加费率）X 货运量

我某公司以 CFR 价向加拿大温哥华出口一批水果汁罐头，毛重为 8 公吨，尺码为 10 立方米。求该批货物的总运价。


解： 1· 正确地译出商品名称“ Fruit Juice” 2· 从运价本中的“货物分级表” （ Classification 　 of Commodities) 查出水果汁为８级货，计算标准为Ｍ　３ · 再查中国－加拿大航线的等级费率表

（ Scale of Class Rates for China-Canada Service).


从该表中可以查出８级货的基本费率为每运费吨 219.00 港元。

　４ · 查附加费率表，查知燃油附加费　　　 20%, 港口拥挤附加费为 10%.　５ · 总运费＝ 219.00×(1+20%+10

%)×10 =2847( 港元）


Tramp ships （ charter transport ） 1 Voyage charter transport

2 Time charter transport 3 Bareboat charter transport


Voyage charter and Time charter 1 Basis of signing the charter

contract ２　 Obligations of owner of s

hip ３　 Calculations of freights


Bareboat charter transport Under bareboat charter, the chartere

r is responsible for the fuel, maintenance, the crew's wages, provisions and stores and even paying for different taxes or duties.

Bareboat charter （ Bare Boat Charter, BBC ）


　 Freight of voyage charter 1 Rate freight （运费率） Stipulate the given freight according

to the unit weight or volume, meanwhile the intaken quantity or delivered quantity

Lumpsum freight （整船包价） Stipulate the total freight


Methods to Pay the Freight:

Freight can be paid in advance --- Freight Prepaid 运费预付

Freight can be paid after the goods have arrived at the port of destination --- Freight Collect 运费到付

Part of freight is paid in advance, the rest of which is paid after the goods have arrived at the port of destination


Loading and unloading of voyage charter

1 Liner terms 2 Free in, FI 3 Free out ,FO 4 Free in and out ,FIO 5 Free in and out, stowed and

trimmed, FIOST FOBST


Clause of Shipment Time of Shipment Port of Shipment and Port of

Destination Shipping Advice Partial Shipment and

Transshipment Lay Time, Demurrage and Dispatch


Time of Shipment Refers to the time limit during w

hich the seller deliver the goods to the buyer at the agreed place by the agreed methods


Time of Shipment

Difference between Time of Shipment and Time of Delivery

1 Time of shipment definitely stated

2 Shipment within ××days after receipt of L/C

3 Stipulating “Prompt shipment”


Port of Shipment and Port of Destination

Port of Shipment Port of Destination Optional Port


Attention under Attention under ““Optional PortOptional Port”” : :

The port provided shall be in the same line and shall be the one that may be reached by ordinary liners.

The number of optional ports shall not exceed 3.

When calculating the freight and surcharges, the highest rates for them shall be charged due to the option.


The consignee shall inform the liner company or its agent at the final port of destination before the liner has arrived at the first port provided, otherwise the ship-owner has the right to discharge the goods at any port provided.


EMP Rotterdam London Hamburg Genoa Marseilles Copenhagen Antwerp


Partial Shipment Partial Shipment means shipping

the commodity under one contract in more than one lot.

10-1 11-1 12-1


Notices: A presentation consisting of more than

one set of transport documents evidencing shipment commencing on the same means of conveyance and for the same journey, provided they indicate the same destination, will not be regarded as covering a partial shipment, even if they indicate different dates of shipment or different ports of loading, places of taking in charge or dispatch.


Partial Shipment

按惯例：运输单据表面注明同一运输工具、同一航次、同一目的地的多次装运，即使其表面上注明不同的装运日期及 / 或不同的装运港、接受监管地或发运地，将不视作分批装运。

10-1 11-1 12-1 大连青岛上海（目的港 : 旧金山）


Transshipment Transshipment means a transfer

and reloading during the course of carriage from one vessel to another, within the same mode of transport.

Unless transshipment is prohibited by the terms of credit, it is allowed.


Lay time Days or Running Days Working Days Weather Working Days of 24 Hours Weather Working Days of 24

Consecutive Hours


Demurrage

A charge made by a shipping company or a port authority for failure to load or remove goods within the time allowed.


DispatchAn amount paid by a vessel's

operator to a charterer if loading or unloading is completed in less time than stipulated in the charter agreement.


Demurrage and Dispatch

Demurrage = Double Dispatch


Major Shipping Documents Bill of Lading Other Documents:

Consignment Note (for Rail and Road) Air Waybill Parcel Post Receipt Combined Transport Documents


Bill of Lading A bill of lading is a transportation

document which is issued by an ocean carrier to a shipper with whom the carrier has entered into a contract for the carriage of goods.


Purpose of B/L

1 Receipt for the goods2 Evidence of the contract of carriage

3 Documents of title to the goods


Bill of Lading Different Types of Bill of Lading

Shipped (On Board) B/L and Received for Shipment B/L

Clean B/L and unclean B/L Straight, blank and order B/L Direct, transshipment, through B/L Liner B/L, container B/L, and combined transport B/L Long form B/L and short form B/L On Deck B/L, stale B/L, ante-dated B/L and advanced

B/L


Shipped on Board B/L and Received for Shipment B/L “已装船提单“和 " 备运提单 "

A shipped on Board B/L is evidence that the goods have been loaded on board a certain steamer.

A received for shipment B/L is evidence given by the ship-owner that the goods have been received for shipment but have not yet been actually loaded on a particular ship.


Clean B/L and Unclean B/L “清洁提单”和“不清洁提单”。

A clean B/L shows that the goods have been shipped on board a vessel in apparent good order and condition.--- ”shipped in apparent good order and condition”

Unclean B/L generally marked: “insufficiently packed” ( 包装不固 ) , “carton old and stained” ( 玷污的 ), “…packed in damaged condition”, etc.


Long Form B/L and Short Form B/L “全式提单”和 “略式或简式提单”

A long form B/L: on the back of which all the detailed terms and conditions about the rights and obligations of the carrier and consignor are listed as an integral part of the bill.

A short form B/L is a document which omits （省略） the terms and conditions on the back of the B/L.


Types of freight cars 1 Shed car 2 Open car 3 Flat car


Consignment Note （ for rail ）

A consignment note is a document that defines what is contained within a shipment/delivery/consignment.

The consignment note will be delivered with the cargo from the departure station to the consignee against payment.


Air Transport


Air waybill

Air waybill is the most important document for a batch of air freight goods. It is both a contract for transportation between a carrier and a shipper (or an agent for a shipper) and a receipt and delivery of the shipments.


Copies of Air waybill

1. GREEN---Original 1—For Carrier 2. PINK----Original 2—For Consignee 3. BLUE---Original 3—For Shipper 4. WHITE---Remittance Copy 5. WHITE---Invoice 6. GOLDENROD----Delivery Receipt 7. WHITE----For Destination Agent’s Copy 8-12 WHITE----Extra Copy


Container Transport

TEU Twenty-foot Equivalent Unit L:5.899m W:2.353m H:2.388m V:33.131m3 W:23T

FCL Full Container Load LCL Less than Container Load


International Multi-modal Transport

International multimodal transport means the conveyance of cargo between two countries by at least two modes of transport from the place of dispatch to that of destination on the basis of a multimodal transport contract


Basic Conditions of Basic Conditions of International Multimodal International Multimodal TransportTransport

Combined transport documents ( 联合运输单据 ) shall cover the whole journey

Include two or more different modes of successive transportations ( 连贯运输 )

Shall be international transportation MTO ( 多式联运经营人 ) shall be responsible for

the whole journey Use a single factor rate ( 全程单一运费费率 )


Other documents of transportation

Sea waybill: is a receipt for the goods issued by the carrier.

Consignment Note （ for rail and road ）

Air Waybill


Air waybill

Air waybill is the most important document for a batch of air freight goods. It is both a contract for transportation between a carrier and a shipper (or an agent for a shipper) and a receipt and delivery of the shipments.


Copies of Air waybill 1. GREEN---Original 1—For Carrier 2. PINK----Original 2—For Consignee 3. BLUE---Original 3—For Shipper 4. WHITE---Remittance Copy 5. WHITE---Invoice 6. GOLDENROD----Delivery Receipt 7. WHITE----For Destination Agent’s Copy 8-12 WHITE----Extra Copy


各种运输方式一览表运输方式

国际联运

航空运输

多式联运多式联运经营人

民航公司或外运

铁路始发站

签发人

海运提单（ B/L ）船长或船公司或其代理

外运公司

邮局邮政运输

港、澳

海洋运输

送银行办理议付的运输凭证

货物收据（ Cargo Receipt ）

邮包收据（ Parcel Post Receipt ）

铁路运单副本（第三联）

航空运单（ MAWB 或 HAWB ）

多式联运单据（ MTD ）或集装箱联运提单（ CTB/L ）

铁路

north china institute of science and technology chapter four: international cargo transport 4.1...

Documents

time charter transport

voyage charter transport

cosco slide

technology voyage charter

technology chapter

international cargo

technology modes of

technology basic freight