normal chicken embryo development
TRANSCRIPT
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Normal Chicken Embryo
Development
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About the Chicken• The domestic chicken can be traced back to four
species from Southeast Asia.
• Red jungle fowl is the most commonly found wild
species in the world today.
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Chicken Reproduction
• The sperm is to putting on the vent of the hen. For a higher rate of
fertilization, a rooster should be with no more then 6 hens together.
• The sperm live inside the female reproductive system and each time an
ovulation occurs (every 24-26 hours in good egg producers) the egg can
become fertile. This process continues and matings at 7 - 10 day intervals
are necessary to maintain fertility.
• After fertilization occurs the egg albumen, shell membranes, and shell are
added to complete the egg formation process.
• The chicken usually lays the egg about 24 hours after ovulation.
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The oviduct• The oviduct, a tube like organ approximately 26 inches long,
is loosely attached to the backbone between the ovary and
the tail.
• Most female animals have two functioning ovaries, but the
hen uses only one, the left. The right ovary and oviduct
remain dormant.
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The oviduct• The oviduct is divided into five
distinct regions:
(1) infundibulum or funnel
(2) magnum,
(3) isthmus,
(4) uterus or shell gland,
(5) vagina.
• This is where fertilization,
if/when it occurs, takes place.
After about 15 minutes, the yolk
rotates, twisting the
albumenous fibers to form the
chalazae.
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Parts of the Egg
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The Shell• its a hard, protective covering made of calcium
carbonate. The shell is porous. (There are about
7,000 pores in a chicken eggshell.)
• This allows the transfer of gases through the shell.
• Carbon dioxide and moisture are given off through
the pores and are replaced by atmospheric gases,
including oxygen.
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1- The chorion surrounds the entire embryo in birds and reptiles it functions in gas exchange.
2- The amnion encloses the embryo and forms an open volume between the embryo & the amnion called the amniotic cavity. The amniotic cavity fills with amniotic fluid, which envelops the embryo and cushions it
3- The allantois is an outgrowth of the gut In reptiles and birds, it stores nitrogenous wastes.
4- The yolk sac encloses the yolk in vertebrates with yolk-rich eggs.
Extraembryonic Membranes
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Extraembryonic Membranes
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Embryonic Development
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Chicken embryo, 21 hours.
Credit: © Carolina Biological/Visuals Unlimited 310816
Primitive streak & groove
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Chicken embryo, 43 hours.
1-Tissue development very visible.
2-Appearance of blood vessels.
amnion
somites
heart
Spinal chord
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Chicken embryo, 72 hours.
1-Heart beats.
2-Blood vessels very visible.
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Chicken embryo, 4-5 days.
1- Eye pigmented.
2- Appearance of elbows and knees.
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Chicken embryo, 6days1- Appearance of beak.
2- Voluntary movement begins
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Chicken embryo, 7 days
-Comb growth begins.
-Egg tooth begins to appear.
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Chicken embryo, 8 days.
- Eye pigmentation is readily visible.
-The neck stretches and the brain is completely
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Chicken embryo, 9 days.
1-Embryo starts to look bird-like.
2-Mouth opening appears.
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Chicken embryo, 10 days-Egg tooth prominent.-Toe nails.
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Chicken embryo, 11 days
-Tail feathers apparent.
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Chicken embryo, 12 days
-Toes fully formed.
-First few visible feathers
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Chicken embryo, 13 days
-Body covered lightly with feathers.
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Chicken embryo, 14 daysEmbryo turns head towards large end of egg.
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Chicken embryo, 15 days
Gut is drawn into abdominal cavity.
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Chicken embryo, 16 days
-Feathers cover complete body.
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Chicken embryo, 17 days
-Amniotic fluid decreases.
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Chicken embryo, 18 days
1-Growth of embryo nearly complete.
2-Yolk sac is still on outside of embryo.
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Chicken embryo, 19 days
1-Yolk sac draws into body cavity.
2-Amniotic fluid gone.
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Chicken embryo, 20 days
-Yolk sac drawn completely into body.
- Embryo becomes a chick (breathing in air cell).
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Chicken embryo, 21 days
1-Chick hatches
2-Feathers dry
3-Should be pulled from hatcher before becoming dehydrated.
4-No longer an embryo - will require feed, water, and
controlled climate.
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• http://www.thepoultrysite.com/articles/145
9/embryonic-development-day-by-day/
• http://www.cobb
vantress.com/docs/default-source/cobb-
500-guides/embryo-flip-chart.html