non verbal communication 181206

7/29/2019 Non Verbal Communication 181206

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NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION


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DEFINITION

Non Verbal Communication is the communication that uses non-linguistic means to convey the message.

The words we use convey objective information; non-verbal

messages reveal our emotions and attitudes.


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FORMS OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

Conscious Non-verbal Communication

Deliberate, direct communication


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Subliminal Non-verbal Communication

Police & Military Uniforms subliminally communicate authority.

Well dressed executives project success and credibility.

Poor dress sense transmits message of failure

Advertisements associate youth and beauty with the product.


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TYPES OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

Kinesics - facial expression, posture, and gesture

Oculesics eye contact

Haptics the communication of touch

Proxemics the communication of space and proximity

Appearance the physical characteristics, the attire and the accessories

Paralinguistics / Vocalics variations in pitch, speed, volume, and pauses that convey

meaning

Chronemics the effects of time on communication


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KINESICS

FACIAL EXPRESSIONS

Neutral expression pleasure, mask, respect, thoughtful, and quiet attention.

Relaxed expression love, pleasure, and submission.

Tense expression fear, surprise, determination, contempt, and extreme interest.

Uplifted expression happiness, anxiety, rage, love, astonishment, and attention.

Droopy expression - distress, suffering, grief, dismay, and shock.


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KINESICS

POSTURE

Head position

Legs

The angle of the body in relation to others

Body relaxation and tension is a strong indicator

Height


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KINESICS

POSTURE

Slumped posture = low spirits

Erect posture = high spirits, energy, and confidence

Lean forward = open and interested

Lean away = defensive or uninterested

Crossed arms = defensive

Uncrossed arms = willingness to listen


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KINESICS

GESTURES

Ambiguous or unambiguous

Unnatural gestures

Beneficial gestures


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OCULESICS

Direct state candour and openness.

Downward glances modesty

Eyes rolled upward fatigue

Blinking - tension


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HAPTICS

Following degrees of intimacy:

Functional / professional

Social / polite

Friendship / warmth

Love / intimacy


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PROXEMICS

Four categories of space:

Intimate distance for embracing or whispering

Personal distance for conversations among close friends

Social distance for conversations among acquaintances, and

Public distance used for public speaking


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PROXEMICS

Three basic principles of space in an organization

The higher your position:

The more and better space you will have

The better protected your territory will be, and

The easier it will be to invade the territory of lower-status personnel


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Distance Relation Volume

Close (8 in. to 12 in.) Highly personal, seldom used in public Audible whisper, very confidential

Near (12 in. to 36 in.) Many dyadic social interactions occur Indoors, soft voice

Neutral (4.5 ft. to 5 ft.) Most social gatherings and businesstransactions

Outdoors, full voice

Public distance (5.5 ft. to 8 ft.) Business and social discourse; more

formal; desks in offices are placed to hold

off visitors

Full voice with slight over loudness

Across the room (8 ft. to 20 ft.) Used by teachers or speakers at public

gatherings

Loud voice talking to a group

Far distance (20 ft. and more) Public speaking by public figures Hailing distances, public-address systems

PROXEMICS


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APPEARANCE

Grooming

Professional looking clothing


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PARALANGUAGE / VOCALICS

Tone direct, commanding, gentle, pleasing, sharp, etc.

Inflection spread narrow

Pitch high-low

Intensity loud-soft

Articulation precise-imprecise

Rhythm smooth-jerky


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CHRONEMICS

Punctuality

Amount of time spent with another

Waiting time


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TIPS FOR EFFECTIVE USE OF NON-VERBAL

COMMUNICATION

Observe and understand the non-verbal signals being sent your way on a moment-to-momentbasis.

Use good eye contact

Stop what you were doing when your listeners look glassy-eyed or bored


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COMMUNICATION

Use the tone of your voice the way a musician uses an instrument.

Adopt the most appropriate posture that suits the occasion

Express gratitude to your audience when they are being attentive and responsive

Soak in the pats / hugs that others give you


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COMMUNICATION

When you are confronting someone who you are in a close relationship with, reach out to take

his / her hand in both of yours.

Understand the cultural nuances of the various forms of non-verbal communication

When there is a contradiction between the verbal and non-verbal messages of a person you arelistening to, try to assess the situation with the help of non-verbal cues.

non verbal communication 181206

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