Nomads and Cross-Civilization Contacts and Exchanges

I. Nomads

A. Nomads allowed for much of contact between ???

1. Pioneered ???a. Who did they connect???

2. Silk ROUTES – why plural???a. China to Mediterraneanb. China to Indiac. Other trade routes

I. Nomads3. Pastoral / Nomadic peoples provided…

a. ???b. ???c. ???

4. Specialized merchants …a. Controlled transport and trading operations

II. Ideas, Religions and Technology

A. Buddhism and Islam …1. Central Asia2. Persia3. Africa

II. Ideas, Religions and TechnologyB. Artistic motifs

1. Art of Hellenistic World created by …a. Spread by trade to ???

Hellenistic Architecture in N. Africa

II. Ideas, Religions and TechnologyC. Inventions

1. Vital to ???2. How were they spead??? By who???

a. Central Asian steppe nomads who had converted to Islam fought Chinese1) Learned ???2) During 700s and 800s spread to ???

II. Ideas, Religions and Technologyb. Military technologies and styles of warfare

1) Sedentary peoples …• Heavy calvary • Hit and Run Tactics• What inventions were used???

2) Engineering developments need for ???• ???• ???

II. Ideas, Religions and Technology

D. Food1. Transferred ???

E. Diseases1. Mongol cavalrymen carried ???

a. China to Central Asiab. Central Asia to port cities of Black Seac. Black Sea to Europe

III. Conclusion

A. Military strength and dependence on manufactured products …

1. Nomadic peoples play important role in history

B. Harsh environment and limitations of lifestyle…

1. No civilizations2. Failure to ???

III. Conclusion

3. Steppe peoples created great empires by ??? BUT …

a. Dependent on the people, skills and institutions (government, tax collecting) of conquered sedentary people

C. Nomadic peoples have affected and at times… BUT…