Nobody Left Nobody Left Behind:Behind:

Results of a 3-Year study on Results of a 3-Year study on Disaster Preparation and Disaster Preparation and Emergency Response for Emergency Response for

People with Mobility People with Mobility LimitationsLimitationsGlen W. White, Ph.D., Michael H. Fox, Sc.D., Glen W. White, Ph.D., Michael H. Fox, Sc.D.,

Catherine Rooney, M.A., Jennifer Rowland, Ph.D., P.T. Catherine Rooney, M.A., Jennifer Rowland, Ph.D., P.T.

Research and Training Center on Independent Research and Training Center on Independent Living at the University of KansasLiving at the University of Kansas

Applied Behavioral Science ProseminarApplied Behavioral Science ProseminarUniversity of Kansas, October 28, 2005University of Kansas, October 28, 2005

Nobody Left BehindNobody Left Behindhttp://www.nobodyleftbehind2.orghttp://www.nobodyleftbehind2.org

Three year grant, TS#-08040, awarded the KU RTC/IL by the Association for Teachers of Three year grant, TS#-08040, awarded the KU RTC/IL by the Association for Teachers of Preventive Medicine and the Centers for Disease Control and PreventionPreventive Medicine and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Glen White, Glen White, University of Kansas, P.I.University of Kansas, P.I.

Michael Fox, Michael Fox, Kansas University Med Center, Co-P.I.Kansas University Med Center, Co-P.I.

October, 2002 – September, 2005October, 2002 – September, 2005

AIM:AIM: Understand county level disaster preparedness Understand county level disaster preparedness and response around needs of persons with and response around needs of persons with mobility impairmentsmobility impairments

Persons with Disabilities in the U.S.Persons with Disabilities in the U.S.

50 million people with a self reported disability 50 million people with a self reported disability represent 19% of the 257 million people represent 19% of the 257 million people >> age 5 age 5 in the civilian non-institutionalized U.S. in the civilian non-institutionalized U.S. populationpopulation

Within this population, Census 2000 found: Within this population, Census 2000 found: 9.3 million Americans with a sensory disability 9.3 million Americans with a sensory disability

involving sight or hearing. involving sight or hearing. 21.2 million with a condition limiting basic 21.2 million with a condition limiting basic

physical activities, such as walking, climbing physical activities, such as walking, climbing stairs, reaching, lifting, or carrying.stairs, reaching, lifting, or carrying.

18.2 million of those 16 and older with a 18.2 million of those 16 and older with a condition that made it difficult to go outside condition that made it difficult to go outside the home. the home.

Nobody Left BehindNobody Left BehindThe Nature of the ProblemThe Nature of the Problem

Typically, disaster preparedness and Typically, disaster preparedness and emergency response systems are emergency response systems are designed for non-disabled persons, for designed for non-disabled persons, for whom escape or rescue involves walking whom escape or rescue involves walking or running. or running.

In addition, many plans do not appear to In addition, many plans do not appear to specifically address the transition needs specifically address the transition needs back to pre-disaster conditions that are back to pre-disaster conditions that are required for persons with mobility required for persons with mobility impairments.impairments.

The True Scope of the IssueThe True Scope of the Issue 90% of presidential declared disasters result 90% of presidential declared disasters result

from natural phenomena in which from natural phenomena in which floodingflooding was was a major componenta major component

Annually, the U.S. averages 100,000 Annually, the U.S. averages 100,000 thunderstorms thunderstorms

Galveston Texas Galveston Texas hurricane hurricane in 1900 killed more in 1900 killed more than 6,000. Recent Hurricane Wilma damage than 6,000. Recent Hurricane Wilma damage estimates in South Florida exceed $10 billion.estimates in South Florida exceed $10 billion.

Average of 22 “killerAverage of 22 “killer tornados tornados” each year. ” each year.

About 13,000 About 13,000 earthquakesearthquakes of various of various magnitudes in the U.S. each yearmagnitudes in the U.S. each year

Katrina Federal Disaster Funds - Katrina Federal Disaster Funds - $62.5 Billion $62.5 Billion Washington Post, 9/9,2005Washington Post, 9/9,2005

Cost to People with DisabilitiesCost to People with Disabilities

Cost to People with DisabilitiesCost to People with DisabilitiesSpecial Needs Assessment 4 Katrina (SNAKE Special Needs Assessment 4 Katrina (SNAKE

Teams) – National Organization on Disability Teams) – National Organization on Disability (NOD)(NOD)

RecommendationsRecommendations– Disability and aging organizations involved in the Disability and aging organizations involved in the

Katrina response effort report their budgets are Katrina response effort report their budgets are depleted. depleted.

– No Use and Under-Use Of Disability and Aging No Use and Under-Use Of Disability and Aging Organizations Organizations

– Need for participation of disability groups in planning Need for participation of disability groups in planning processprocess

– Emergency information needs to be in accessible formatEmergency information needs to be in accessible format

Research Activities OverviewResearch Activities Overview

Focus Area #1

County Programs, Policy, and Practice Focus Area #2

Assessing Risk Focus Area #3

Assurance and Policy Development

Objective: Objective:

To determine whether counties that have To determine whether counties that have experienced a disaster during 1998 - 2003 experienced a disaster during 1998 - 2003 have systems of workplace, home, and have systems of workplace, home, and community disaster preparedness and community disaster preparedness and emergency response in place for residents emergency response in place for residents with mobility impairments.with mobility impairments.

Focus Area #1

COUNTY PROGRAMS, POLICY, AND PRACTICE

Research Questions:Research Questions: Have disasters facilitated changes in disaster Have disasters facilitated changes in disaster

preparedness and emergency response policies preparedness and emergency response policies and practices for persons with mobility and practices for persons with mobility impairments? If so, how?impairments? If so, how?

Has the disaster preparedness and emergency Has the disaster preparedness and emergency response planning process included community response planning process included community stakeholders representing people with stakeholders representing people with disabilities? If so, what has been their disabilities? If so, what has been their involvement? With what outcomes?involvement? With what outcomes?

Focus Area #1

COUNTY PROGRAMS, POLICY, AND PRACTICE

Objective:Objective:

To evaluate surveillance systems in place To evaluate surveillance systems in place at the county level that can identify at the county level that can identify morbidity and mortality frequency and morbidity and mortality frequency and prevalence for persons with mobility prevalence for persons with mobility impairments exposed to a disasterimpairments exposed to a disaster

Focus Area #2

ASSESSING RISK

Research Questions:Research Questions: Are counties able to assess prevalence Are counties able to assess prevalence

of persons with mobility impairments of persons with mobility impairments who reside or work in their who reside or work in their jurisdictions and are at risk of disaster jurisdictions and are at risk of disaster exposure (calculating the exposure (calculating the denominator)?denominator)?

Focus Area #2

ASSESSING RISK

Research Questions (continued):Research Questions (continued):

Are counties able to determine how many Are counties able to determine how many persons with mobility impairments are persons with mobility impairments are affected by disasters?affected by disasters?

Among counties that have surveillance Among counties that have surveillance systems in place, what are prevalence rates of systems in place, what are prevalence rates of disaster exposure for persons with mobility disaster exposure for persons with mobility impairments, and what factors appear to impairments, and what factors appear to influence these rates? influence these rates?

Focus Area #2

ASSESSING RISK

Objective:Objective:

To recommend modifications to county To recommend modifications to county disaster coordinating agencies to address disaster coordinating agencies to address the health, safety, and survival needs of the health, safety, and survival needs of people with mobility impairmentspeople with mobility impairments

Focus Area #3

ASSURANCE AND POLICY DEVELOPMENT

Research Questions:Research Questions:

What surveillance systems appear most What surveillance systems appear most effective in assessing risk for people effective in assessing risk for people with mobility impairments exposed to with mobility impairments exposed to disasters?disasters?

How can counties use surveillance How can counties use surveillance systems to better manage their risk for systems to better manage their risk for persons with mobility impairments? persons with mobility impairments?

Focus Area #3

ASSURANCE AND POLICY DEVELOPMENT

Research Questions (continued):Research Questions (continued):

What county policies, practices, or What county policies, practices, or programs are exemplars of best programs are exemplars of best practices that can be emulated by practices that can be emulated by counties around the U.S.? counties around the U.S.?

How can these policies, practices, and How can these policies, practices, and programs be incorporated in county programs be incorporated in county disaster plans?disaster plans?

Focus Area #3

ASSURANCE AND POLICY DEVELOPMENT

Nobody Left Behind- MethodsNobody Left Behind- Methods

Identify Federal Emergency Management Agency Identify Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) declared disasters between 1998 - 2003(FEMA) declared disasters between 1998 - 2003

Select a random sample of 30 counties or Select a random sample of 30 counties or equivalent units (i.e., boroughs, reservations, equivalent units (i.e., boroughs, reservations, etc.) across each of the ten federal regionsetc.) across each of the ten federal regions

Interview these county emergency managersInterview these county emergency managers

Evaluate their disaster plans in place at time of Evaluate their disaster plans in place at time of occurrence and more recently for actions occurrence and more recently for actions targeting persons with mobility disabilitiestargeting persons with mobility disabilities

With assistance of national advisory panel, With assistance of national advisory panel, identify best practicesidentify best practices

Administer on-line consumer surveyAdminister on-line consumer survey

Nobody Left BehindNobody Left BehindMethodsMethods

What did we ask?What did we ask?Examples of survey questions:Examples of survey questions:

– ““Does your current emergency management Does your current emergency management plan have a protocol to assist people with plan have a protocol to assist people with mobility impairments during an emergency?” mobility impairments during an emergency?”

– ““To your knowledge, were people with mobility To your knowledge, were people with mobility impairments included in the process of impairments included in the process of developing these protocols?”developing these protocols?”

– ““If no written formal protocols exist to assist If no written formal protocols exist to assist people with mobility impairments, to your people with mobility impairments, to your knowledge what do emergency services knowledge what do emergency services personnel do to assist people with mobility personnel do to assist people with mobility impairments during an emergency?impairments during an emergency? “ “

Representative County SelectionRepresentative County SelectionSelection of state level disaster occurrences so that each

of the ten federal regions is represented:

REGION I: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont.

REGION II: New York, New Jersey, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands. REGION III: Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia, District of Columbia. REGION IV: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee. REGION V: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin. REGION VI: Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas. REGION VII: Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska. REGION VIII: Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming. REGION IX: Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada. REGION X: Alaska, Oregon, Washington, Idaho.

Summary Research Tables Summary Research Tables Corresponding to Corresponding to

Research Questions for Research Questions for Nobody Left BehindNobody Left Behind

Research Questions 1: Have disasters facilitated Research Questions 1: Have disasters facilitated change for people with mobility impairments?change for people with mobility impairments?

Table 1. Reasons for Modifying County Disaster PlansTable 1. Reasons for Modifying County Disaster Plans Using Chi-squared tests, none of these 2x2 relationships are statistically significantUsing Chi-squared tests, none of these 2x2 relationships are statistically significant

N=30

Revisions prompted by disaster?

Revisions prompted by people with disabilities?

Revisions prompted by federal mandates?

Revisions prompted by other concerns?

County disaster plan revised since disaster?

Yes

%

No

%

Yes

%

No

%

Yes

%

No

%

Yes

%

No

%

Yes (n=29) 27.6 72.4 6.9 0.0 58.6 41.4 6.9 93.1

No (n=1) 0.0 100 0.0 100 0.0 100 0.0 100

Research Questions 2: Were people with Research Questions 2: Were people with disabilities included in the planning process?disabilities included in the planning process?

Four of the six best practice sites had people with Four of the six best practice sites had people with disabilities included in the process. This question disabilities included in the process. This question was only answered for six counties engaged in the was only answered for six counties engaged in the planning process (Question #14)planning process (Question #14)

Of the total survey only 4 out of 30 sites (13%) had Of the total survey only 4 out of 30 sites (13%) had people with disabilities included in the disaster people with disabilities included in the disaster planning processplanning process

Research Question 3: Are sites able to assess Research Question 3: Are sites able to assess

prevalence based upon adequate surveillance?prevalence based upon adequate surveillance?

Table 2. Reported Surveillance of Counties Experiencing Disasters

# Counties Frequencies Data Validity

Measure Category Count

# people with mobility impairments in county

13 < 75 4(13%) Database-5 Census-3Estimate-5

GoodFairPoor

300-400 2 (7%)

3,000-10,000 6(20%)

>10,000 1(3%)

# persons injured in disaster 30 None 27(90%)

<100 1(3%)

100-300 1(3%)

10,000 1(3%)

# persons killed in disaster 30 None 26(87%)

1-5 3(10%)

2,749 1(3%)

# persons with mobility impairments killed

30 None 28(93%)

1 1(3%)

Unknown 1(3%)

# persons with mobility impairments rescued

30 None 17(57%)

2-15 4(13%)

25-100 4(13%)

>100 5(16%)

Unknown 1(3%)

Research Questions 4 & 5: Surveillance that Research Questions 4 & 5: Surveillance that allows estimates of prevalence of people with allows estimates of prevalence of people with

mobility impairments at risk in a disaster?mobility impairments at risk in a disaster?

No way to determine prevalence rates based No way to determine prevalence rates based upon surveillance systems in place.upon surveillance systems in place.

However, we may want to test this further However, we may want to test this further with our site in Coffey County. Where there with our site in Coffey County. Where there are accurate voluntary data registries, this are accurate voluntary data registries, this measure could be possible.measure could be possible.

Research Question 6: Surveillance systems Research Question 6: Surveillance systems that appear most effective – that appear most effective –

possible “best practices.”possible “best practices.”

Six counties identified as possible “best practices” Six counties identified as possible “best practices” (out of 30) based upon two criteria: (out of 30) based upon two criteria:

1.1. Having in place guidelines for persons with Having in place guidelines for persons with disabilities; anddisabilities; and

2.2. Identifying operating procedures in place that Identifying operating procedures in place that follow the guidelinesfollow the guidelines

Disaster County Characteristic Best Practice Site (6)

Other Disaster Site (24)

Significance, p-value

Mean Total Population 571,266 217,711 .285

Area in square miles 2,248 2,436 .932

Persons per square miles 205 1,783 .575

% urban area 67 58 .721

% White 91 76 .097

Median household income $36,577 $38,914 .568

% above median income 33 29 .849

% below poverty 13 14 .610

% with Center for Independent Living 50 63 .429

% persons with physical disability > 5 8.4 9.7 .392

% people with disabilities 5-64 years old 5.1 7.2 .141

% people with disabilities >64 years old 29.1 30.7 .551

%t with employee who took FEMA course 17 42 .271

% knowing how many people with disabilities live within district

100 29 .001

Table 3. Differences Between Disaster County Sites Identified as Best Table 3. Differences Between Disaster County Sites Identified as Best Practices and All Other SitesPractices and All Other Sites

All mean differences were tested using ANOVA and Mann-Whitney for between group differences.

Disaster County Characteristic

B S.E. Wald Statistic

95% Confidence Interval for Exp(B)

Sig. Odds Ratio (Exp(B))

Urban -.141 1.554 .008 .041, 18.281 .928 .869

Had CIL in district -1.630 1.616 1.018 .008, 4.648 .313 .196

Were above median income

.141 1.554 .008 .055, 24.227 .928 1.151

Had taken FEMA or similar disaster course

-1.912 1.549 1.523 .007, 3.078 .217 .148

Knew about how many persons with disabilities lived within district

21.724 9210.681 .000 .000, *** .998 2.72E+09

Constant -20.024 9210.681 .998 .000

Table 4. Adjusted Odds Ratio of a Model to Predict the Probability of Table 4. Adjusted Odds Ratio of a Model to Predict the Probability of Being a Best PracticeBeing a Best Practice

Using logistic regression confirmed the importance of knowing how many persons with disabilities lived in a district, though high standard errors (low

power) precluded any statistical signficance

Nobody Left BehindNobody Left BehindWhat did we find out?

Findings - Emergency ManagersFindings - Emergency Managers::

People with disabilities either were not represented People with disabilities either were not represented or had minimal representation in the emergency or had minimal representation in the emergency planning processplanning process

The G197 FEMA Emergency Planning and Special The G197 FEMA Emergency Planning and Special Needs course pertaining to people with disabilities Needs course pertaining to people with disabilities appears useful in increasing county awareness, appears useful in increasing county awareness, though only 27% of county emergency managers though only 27% of county emergency managers reported completing itreported completing it

Only 20% of the emergency managers reported Only 20% of the emergency managers reported having specific guidelines in place to assist people having specific guidelines in place to assist people with mobility impairments during emergencieswith mobility impairments during emergencies

Nobody Left BehindNobody Left BehindWhat did we find out?

Findings - Emergency Managers:Findings - Emergency Managers:

Surveillance efforts to identify persons with Surveillance efforts to identify persons with mobility impairments are weakmobility impairments are weak

• 57% of county managers did not know how 57% of county managers did not know how many many persons with mobility limitations lived persons with mobility limitations lived within within their their jurisdictionjurisdiction• Of those who claimed to know, most gave broad Of those who claimed to know, most gave broad

estimates based on unreliable sourcesestimates based on unreliable sources• 27% of counties used Census or self-reported 27% of counties used Census or self-reported registries to identify this figure more registries to identify this figure more accuratelyaccurately

Nobody Left BehindNobody Left BehindWhat did we find out?

Findings- Emergency Managers:Findings- Emergency Managers:

• 20% of emergency managers reported having 20% of emergency managers reported having specific guidelines in place to assist people specific guidelines in place to assist people with mobility impairments during emergencieswith mobility impairments during emergencies

• Among 24 (80%) of jurisdictions that did not:Among 24 (80%) of jurisdictions that did not:

• 38% (9) identified transportation accommodations 38% (9) identified transportation accommodations that they have in placethat they have in place

• 17% (4) identified accessible shelters and other 17% (4) identified accessible shelters and other educational programs that sought to reach out in educational programs that sought to reach out in some way to persons with disabilitiessome way to persons with disabilities

Nobody Left BehindNobody Left BehindWhere are we now?Where are we now?

Findings of Emergency Managers:Findings of Emergency Managers:

Among jurisdictions not having specific details Among jurisdictions not having specific details or guidelines in place, or guidelines in place, allall (24) told us that they (24) told us that they were important to havewere important to have

– ““Every person’s life is important….”Every person’s life is important….”

– ““I have never seen a publication that would address I have never seen a publication that would address many of these impairments….”many of these impairments….”

– ““We have it, just not in our particular plan…covered We have it, just not in our particular plan…covered in council on aging and human resource protocols.”in council on aging and human resource protocols.”

– ““It’s a fact of life. They are out there, they need It’s a fact of life. They are out there, they need assistance, and you’ve got to address it.”assistance, and you’ve got to address it.”

Nobody Left BehindNobody Left BehindWhat did we find out?

Findings - Emergency Managers:Findings - Emergency Managers:

97% (29) of disaster management plans had 97% (29) of disaster management plans had been revised since the time of the county been revised since the time of the county disaster disaster we asked aboutwe asked about

But among these, only 2 (7%) revised their plans owing But among these, only 2 (7%) revised their plans owing to disability related concernsto disability related concerns

Other reasons driving revisions of plans:Other reasons driving revisions of plans:Annual review (72%)Annual review (72%)Federal mandates (59%)Federal mandates (59%)State mandates (24%)State mandates (24%)Disaster (28%) Disaster (28%) Other factors (34%)Other factors (34%)

Nobody Left Behind - FindingsNobody Left Behind - Findings Among jurisdictions Among jurisdictions notnot having specific guidelines in having specific guidelines in

place (24), 5 (21%) told us they place (24), 5 (21%) told us they were were planning to develop planning to develop them. 19 (79%) told us they them. 19 (79%) told us they were notwere not. Reasons why not:. Reasons why not:

• ““If need is brought to our attention, we will If need is brought to our attention, we will accommodate…”accommodate…”

• ““We are trying to focus on special needs as a We are trying to focus on special needs as a whole…”whole…”

• ““It is covered in other plans…”It is covered in other plans…”

• ““We don’t need to be any more specific than we We don’t need to be any more specific than we already are..”already are..”

• ““Confidentiality issues…”; “limited local authority…”Confidentiality issues…”; “limited local authority…”

• ““We are overwhelmed with the demands of Homeland We are overwhelmed with the demands of Homeland Security…”Security…”

• ““My office is only staffed by one volunteer….”My office is only staffed by one volunteer….”

Nobody Left Behind Findings

Sites reporting no specific guidelines stated the Sites reporting no specific guidelines stated the following resources were needed to develop them:following resources were needed to develop them:

• 67% financial resources67% financial resources

• 33% knowledgeable and trained personnel33% knowledgeable and trained personnel

• 17% greater education for the public17% greater education for the public

• 25% a FEMA/State/or County mandate25% a FEMA/State/or County mandate

Among reporting sites, who told us they were Among reporting sites, who told us they were planning to develop the guidelinesplanning to develop the guidelines

• One told us the idea originated with our interview, One told us the idea originated with our interview, another started with discussions of the needs of non-another started with discussions of the needs of non-English speaking residents, one mentioned particular English speaking residents, one mentioned particular advocate associated with universityadvocate associated with university

Consumer SurveyConsumer Survey Do you have a personal disaster experience to share?Do you have a personal disaster experience to share?We want to hear from persons with mobility limitations We want to hear from persons with mobility limitations

who have experienced a disaster. who have experienced a disaster.

Please complete our on-line surveyPlease complete our on-line survey at:at:  

http://www.nobodyleftbehind2.orghttp://www.nobodyleftbehind2.org&&

Click on “Click on “Consumer Survey”Consumer Survey”

Nobody Left BehindNobody Left BehindConsumer Survey FindingsConsumer Survey Findings

There are inaccessible escape routesThere are inaccessible escape routes

Few people know how to use the adaptive Few people know how to use the adaptive escape chairs for wheelchair usersescape chairs for wheelchair users

There was no accessible transportation after There was no accessible transportation after the disaster event to get around in the the disaster event to get around in the communitycommunity

Very slow response in helping citizens with Very slow response in helping citizens with disabilities return to their homes (e.g., disabilities return to their homes (e.g., rebuilding ramps, moving debris, etc.)rebuilding ramps, moving debris, etc.)

Nobody Left BehindNobody Left BehindConsumer Survey FindingsConsumer Survey Findings

• Shelters, including bathrooms, were not Shelters, including bathrooms, were not accessible for wheelchair usersaccessible for wheelchair users

• During extended power outages, persons During extended power outages, persons were unable to use assistive equipment and were unable to use assistive equipment and medical devicesmedical devices

• Power outages disabled elevators, forcing Power outages disabled elevators, forcing persons with mobility limitations to be persons with mobility limitations to be dependent upon neighbors or emergency dependent upon neighbors or emergency workersworkers

Nobody Left BehindNobody Left BehindConsumer Survey FindingsConsumer Survey Findings

““It is really difficult to get the utility company to It is really difficult to get the utility company to understand power is a need, if disabled.”understand power is a need, if disabled.”

““I ambulate with forearm crutches and my leg I ambulate with forearm crutches and my leg stamina is limited. As a social service provider stamina is limited. As a social service provider in NYC, I am in tall buildings often and one in in NYC, I am in tall buildings often and one in particular had an evacuation drill. There were particular had an evacuation drill. There were no plans or equipment to assist me. They told no plans or equipment to assist me. They told me to ignore the drill. me to ignore the drill. I felt very vulnerable I felt very vulnerable because I attend regular work meetings because I attend regular work meetings in this building.”in this building.”

Nobody Left BehindNobody Left BehindConsumer Survey FindingsConsumer Survey Findings

““I have juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and use a I have juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and use a wheel chair. We had a bomb threat at work, wheel chair. We had a bomb threat at work, which was very scary. Everyone evacuated, which was very scary. Everyone evacuated, but I was still left on the 3but I was still left on the 3rdrd floor by the floor by the stairwell for the firefighters to come get me. stairwell for the firefighters to come get me. But, no one came. But, no one came. Finally, I just struggled Finally, I just struggled and I used pure fear to get myself down and I used pure fear to get myself down the stairs and outside.the stairs and outside. It was scary just to It was scary just to realize that there are not really any procedures realize that there are not really any procedures in place to help someone like me in an in place to help someone like me in an emergency.”emergency.”

Nobody Left BehindNobody Left BehindNew DirectionsNew Directions

Received $162,000 funding from the Received $162,000 funding from the National Institute on Disability and National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research to conduct Rehabilitation Research to conduct research on two tasks: research on two tasks: • Identify barriers and gaps that Centers for Identify barriers and gaps that Centers for

Independent Living personnel have experienced Independent Living personnel have experienced concerning people with disabilities in the recently concerning people with disabilities in the recently affected hurricane areas and relocation centersaffected hurricane areas and relocation centers

• Identify barriers and gaps that emergency Identify barriers and gaps that emergency personnel have experienced concerning people personnel have experienced concerning people with disabilities in the recently affected hurricane with disabilities in the recently affected hurricane areas and relocation centersareas and relocation centers

Nobody Left BehindNobody Left BehindNew DirectionsNew Directions

Have sent a $250K pre-proposal to the Have sent a $250K pre-proposal to the Centers for Disease Control to conduct Centers for Disease Control to conduct research on a third task: research on a third task: – Assess the impact of Hurricane Katrina on the Assess the impact of Hurricane Katrina on the

physical and socio-emotional health of people with physical and socio-emotional health of people with disabilitiesdisabilities

Nobody Left BehindNobody Left BehindNew DirectionsNew Directions

Journal of Disability Policy Studies Journal of Disability Policy Studies Call Call for Papers for Papers

  Disaster Preparation and Emergency Disaster Preparation and Emergency Response for People with Disabilities: Response for People with Disabilities: Research, Policy and Practice Research, Policy and Practice

Nobody Left BehindNobody Left BehindNew DirectionsNew Directions

Continue collaboration with the Consortium of Continue collaboration with the Consortium of Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Response to further advance research, Response to further advance research, practice, and public policypractice, and public policy

other partners: American Association of other partners: American Association of Health and Disability; University of New Health and Disability; University of New Mexico Center for Disability and DevelopmentMexico Center for Disability and Development

Future InterventionsFuture Interventions What types of interventions and What types of interventions and

methodologies might be considered methodologies might be considered based on our gathered data?based on our gathered data?

What might be some suggested:What might be some suggested:• Settings?Settings?• Participants?Participants?• Behaviors?Behaviors?• Under what conditions? Under what conditions?

How might these contribute to improving How might these contribute to improving meaningful outcomes for polices, practices meaningful outcomes for polices, practices and programs in emergency planning?and programs in emergency planning?

Additional Sources of InformationAdditional Sources of Information

www.nobodyleftbehind2.orgwww.nobodyleftbehind2.org

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

Journal of Disability Policy Studies  Call for Papers

 Disaster Preparation and Emergency Response for People with Disabilities:

Research, Policy and Practice