noaa regional integrated sciences and assessments (risa) program web application development for...
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NOAA Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessments (RISA) Program
Web Application Development for Dynamic Drought Index Mapping
Jinyoung Rhee *, Ph.D. Candidate
Greg Carbone *, Hope Mizzell **, and Ryan Boyles ***
* Department of Geography, University of South Carolina
** SC State Climatology Office, SC Department of Natural Resources
*** State Climate Office of NC, North Carolina State University
Palmetto Chapter of the American Meteorological Society12th Annual Mini-Technical Conference, 15 May 2006
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Catawba-Wateree River Basin
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Catawba-Wateree River Basin
Source: Duke Power (http://www.dukepower.com/community/lakes/cw/)
Exceptional DroughtExtreme DroughtSevere DroughtModerate DroughtAbnormally Dry
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Objective
To provide local scale drought monitoring tool that generates indices in various time scale
Spatial scale (state, climate division, county, drought management area of SC, 2~8-digit HUC water basin)
Time scale (short-term or long-term)
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Structure
Drought IndicesDrought IndicesStreamflowStreamflow
PrecipitationPrecipitation
Raw Data andRaw Data andPercentilesPercentiles
Interpolation andInterpolation andSpatial AveragingSpatial Averaging
Numerical Numerical models (Pytmodels (Pyt
hon)hon)
Database Database (MySQL)(MySQL) Graphical User InterfaceGraphical User Interface
ClientClient(JavaScript)(JavaScript)
ServerServer(PHP)(PHP)
SVG embeddedSVG embedded
User InputUser InputMap DisplayMap Display
PHP – PHP: Hypertext PreprocessorSVG – Scalable Vector Graphics
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Calculating Percentiles
Total 55 years (1950 ~ 2004)
Palmer indices and SPI: all stations, all months
Streamflow and precipitation: each station, each month
Empirical Cumulative Distribution Function
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
Raw data: - 0.75
Percentile: 22.78
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Interpolation (IDW)
6 nearest stations
Search up to 12 nearest stations for data
No data
Next nearest station
4 km X 4 km grids
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Spatial Averaging
For each spatial scale (state, climate division, county, drought management area of SC, 2~8-digit HUC water basin)
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Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG)
SVG defines vector-based graphics in XML (eXtensible Markup Language) format for the Web
Source: SVG Tutorial (http://www.w3schools.com/svg)
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Shapefile to SVG
Conversion of geometries and properties of ArcView Shapefiles into SVG elements using Visual Basic Application module(from www.carto.net, http://pilat.free.fr/, Yahoo SVG developer Group; modified by Drs. Michael Hodgson and Edwin Chow)
Communication between MySQL database and SVG elements using PHP and JavaScript
ShapefileSVG element with an attribute ID=“0”
MySQL
JavaScript filese.g.
blend[SPI][0]=-4.29
PHP
Classify and assign color
Show value when mouseover, etc
DOMConvert
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User Input
Display type Input
PDSI, PHDI, Z Index SPI in several time scal
es Precipitation and strea
mflow in several time scales
Raw data vs. percentile blend
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Map User Input
Classification method Equal interval Quantile Natural break U.S. Drought Monitor-c
omparable category For any percentile blen
d For PDSI For SPI For weekly streamflow
percentile
Exceptional DroughtExtreme DroughtSevere DroughtModerate DroughtAbnormally Dry
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Map Navigation Tools
Full view New map extent Pan New map center Zoom in & out Zoom slide
(JavaScript source code by Andreas Neumann; modified by Jinyoung Rhee)
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Map Layers
Visibility Choropleth map Boundary Stations used
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4 km x 4 km grid
No data
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Map Layers
Visibility Choropleth map Boundary Stations used
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Layer Aggregation
Selected features of the same layer have been aggregated Aggregation is based on the number of 4 km x 4 km grids with
data used for spatial averaging of each feature
35.835.8
45.1945.19
7.167.16
27.6827.68Click create map again
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GraphCreate Graph
Aggregated Features
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TableCreate Table
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Comparison: spatial variabilityMay 1999
50% PDSI and 50% 1-month SPI
Climate Division 8-digit HUC
County
Exceptional DroughtExtreme DroughtSevere DroughtModerate DroughtAbnormally Dry
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Comparison: spatial variabilityJuly 2002
50% PDSI and 50% PHDI
Climate Division 8-digit HUC
County
Exceptional DroughtExtreme DroughtSevere DroughtModerate DroughtAbnormally Dry
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Comparison: time scale variabilityJanuary 1995 ~ December 2004
1-month SPI 3-month SPI
6-month SPI 12-month SPI
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Long term, July 2002Long term, December 1965
Short term, December 1965 Short term, July 2002
Exceptional DroughtExtreme DroughtSevere DroughtModerate DroughtAbnormally Dry
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Conclusion
Customized functions have been extended gradually through the user feedback procedures: flexibility
Use of open-source software and database: suitability for cost effective and tight budget projects