no lift, no injury
DESCRIPTION
NO LIFT, NO INJURY. Safe Manual Handling practices for Home & Community Care, residential & disability care. SESSION 1. Items to be delivered in Manual Handling Sessions. Definition – Manual Handling Occupational Health, Safety and Welfare Act Legislative acts - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
NO LIFT, NO INJURY
Safe Manual Handling practices for Home & Community Care, residential & disability care.
SESSION 1
Items to be delivered in Manual Handling Sessions
1. Definition – Manual Handling 2. Occupational Health, Safety and Welfare Act3. Legislative acts4. Workplace procedures that apply to fire, accidents and emergency
situations5. Identify Hazards6. Identify Risks7. DVD on Hazards and Risks8. Posture and handling techniques9. Understanding your back and your body10. Applying the principles of body mechanics11. Principles of Manual Handling12. Video on Manual Handling practical techniques13. Practical and Assessment
2.1 Definition – Manual Handling
Manual Handling:- means any activity requiring the use of force exerted by a person to lift, lower, push, pull, carry or otherwise move, hold or restrain any person animal or thing.
2.2.1 OHS & W (Occupational Health, Safety and Welfare)
Why do we train? Employer’s duties under the act. Employee’s duties under the act Legislative acts Hazard’s and risk assessment.
Employers’ Duties under the OHS & W Act (Section 19)
Every employer has a duty to “ensure so far as is reasonably practicable’’ that every employee is safe from injury and risks to health in their working environment. In particular, employers must, so far as is reasonably practicable:
OHS & W Act (section 19)
Provide a safe working environment
Provide safe systems of work Provide safe plant and
equipment Identify, assess and control
manual handling hazards Provide information,
instruction, training and supervision
Provide suitable training for managers and supervisors
Address reported hazards Monitor health and safety of
employees Develop OHS &W policies and
procedures Consult with staff re: OHS & W
eg manual handling Plan and implement OHS & W
programs
Employees’ Duties under the OHS & W Act (Section 21) Employees must take reasonable care to protect
their own health and safety and the health and safety of others who may be affected by their actions or omissions at work
Employees responsibility for health and safety only extends to things that they have control over. However, employees must co-operate with their employer in ensuring health and safety in the workplace.
OHS & W Act (Section 21)
Maintain own safety and not endanger others
Follow policies and procedures
Follow reasonable instructions
Use equipment provided
Assist in the identification, assessment and control process
Report any incidents or hazards
Consider and provide feedback on OHS & W matters
Not be affected by drugs or alcohol
Legislative Acts
The Occupational Health, Safety & Welfare Act. Approved Codes of Practice made under the
Act. The Occupational Health and Safety and
Welfare Regulations.
* Reference: page 7 of manual handling booklet.
Workplace Procedures that apply to fire, accidents and emergency situations.
Reference: Covered in unit CHOHS302A Participate in safety procedures for direct care work In the Home and Community care Training Package (CHC30202)
2.2.2 What is a Hazard?
A hazard is an present or potential danger, which is visible or not visible to you.
The Environment e.g. uneven surfaces, slippery surfaces, dangerous equipment or tasks.
Substances e.g. poisons, gases, corrosives.
Methods e.g. incorrect lifting procedures or ignoring universal precautions.
Or machines e.g. faulty lifting equipment.
Hazard Reporting System
Informal, verbal reports to an immediate supervisor
Completion of specific forms for hazards All hazards must be reported immediately Handout Hazard Identification Form
2.2.5 What is a risk?
A risk is the probability of a person becoming affected by the danger (hazard) and the severity, damage or cost of that event.
RISK = Probability + Consequence
2.2.6 Risk Assessment
Actions and movements Workplace and
workstation layout Working posture and
position Duration and frequency
of Manual Handling Location of loads and
distances moved Weights and forces
Characteristics of loads and equipment
Work organisation Work environment Skills and experience Personal characteristics Clothing
Where a risk factor has been identified the employer and employee must ensure that an assessment of the risk is undertaken to determine the level of risk involved. There risk factors would need to include:
2.2.4 Client risk assessment
Assess the person’s cognitive ability. Check the nursing care plan for what the individual
person requires when being moved e.g. mechanical aids.
Assess the person prior to moving to ensure that their condition has not changed.
Assess the person’s ability to assist with the move. Assess the implications of the weight of the person. Assess your physical capability of carrying our the task.
DVD (Hazards And Risks)
Now its time for a short DVD explaining hazards and risks in your job, what you need to know and what you need to look for. It will also explain how to report and record them for your clients’ safety, your own safety and for ongoing best practice.
IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT YOU KNOW
YOUR OWN LIMITATIONS AND
ALWAYS WORK WITHIN YOUR OWN
CAPACITY
Activity 1
Now its over to you for a fun and interesting exercise.
Matching task In small groups see if you can match up
the different types of hazards and risks How did we go?
3.1 Posture
Good posture, you need to practice. Maintain a straight back at all times. Ensure strong abdominals and back muscles. Power with legs and arms. Wide base. 24 hour back care at all times is essential e.g sleeping.
What contributes to bad posture?
Obesity Pregnancy Weak muscles High-heeled shoes
Tight muscles; decreased flexibility
Poor work environment Poor sitting and standing
habits
Proper Posture Requirements
Good muscle flexibility Normal motion in the joints Strong postural muscles A balance of muscles on both sides of the
spine Awareness of proper posture which leads
to conscious correction
Driving Posture
Place the seat so arms are slightly bent at the elbows
Place the seat so that your legs do not push the edge of the car seat down when using pedals
To support your lower back a rolled up towel can be used
Activity 2
Posture exercise 1 Sitting in you seat place both feet on the ground Place your hands on your thighs Close your eyes Gently draw in your lower abdominal muscles
and hold Open your eyes and look at classmates posture
Activity 3
Posture exercise 2 Grab a light book or folder Stand up Place book or folder on your head Slowly walk around the room chanting “no lift, no
injury” How long did you manage to keep the book or
folder on your head for?
Handling Techniques (when lifting a load)1. Keep your neck straight.2. Verify the weight of the load:• Test the weight of the load by
attempting to shift the load with your foot.
• If you doubt that the load is within your lifting capacity, ask for assistance.
3. Ensure that your muscles are warm and that a lifting activity is not the very first activity of the day:
• Keep your back straight and bend down at the knees.
Handling Techniques (when lifting a load)
4. Grip and hold the load as close to the body as possible.
5. Raise the load up by keeping your back straight.
6. Slowly straightening your legs.
7. Shift the weight of the load towards your body.
8. Keep the load close to your body throughout the lift.
9.Carry the load checking that the pathway in front is clear.
Handling Techniques (when lowering a load)
When placing the load down ensure you keep the load close to your body to protect your back and neck muscles.
When lowering the load to floor level:
1. Keep your back straight and bend at the knees.
2. Holding the load close to your body place the load down.
3. Stand up keeping your back straight and slowly straightening your legs.
Activity 4
Your turn Split into 2 groups Lets have a go at lifting, transporting and
lowering a box correctly How did you go?
Understanding your back and body
The human spine is made up of separate bones called vertebrae which are attached to one another. The spinal column is divided into sections.
Cervical Spine
Cervical spine or neck which consists of 7 relatively small bones.
Thoracic Spine
Thoracic spine or mid back which consists of 12 bones.
Lumber Spine
Lumber spine or low back which consists of 5 large bones.
Sacrum
Sacrum wedge shaped bone which consists of 4 bones fused together.
Coccyx
Coccyx or tail bone attached to the end of the spine.
Discs
Discs are pads made up of a stiff jelly like substance contained in a strong cartilaginous envelope which separate the vertebra from one and another. They are primarily shook absorbers.
Ligaments
Ligaments are strong, slightly elastic bands, which join the vertebrae together and assist in supporting the vertebral column.
Tendons
Tendons are slightly more elastic than ligaments and connect the muscles to the vertebrae.
Back muscle structure
The back muscles are attached to the spinal column, pelvis and extremities. They serve to provide additional support to the back and neck. Strong muscles surround the spine and work together to keep the back supported and balanced.
The Spinal Cord and Nerves The spinal cord begins at the base of
the brain and runs down the spine to the lower back.
It is protected within the spinal canal; a bony arch formed by each of the vertebral bones.
Between every two vertebral bones, two nerves exit the spinal canal. One is on the left and another is on the right.
If there is a ruptured disc, it will pinch the nerve.
Activity 5
Discuss in small groups Back Injuries that you or someone you Know have had. For example:
How did it impact on your life? How did it impact on your family and friends? Now together lets share our thoughts on back
injuries
Applying the principles of body mechanics
Manipulate the centre of gravity Pivot on the hips Follow normal movement patterns
Correctly applying the principles of body mechanics whilst performing Manual Handling is important if you are to minimise the risk of accident or injury.
*Reference: Refer to Manual Handling booklet page 40
Principles Of Manual Handling
1. Identify, read and understand Manual Handling Plan.
2. Prepare for the transfer / procedure.
3. Self and environment.
4. Communicate with client and assistant.
5. Maintain correct (strong) posture
6. Maintain correct (safe) coordinated movement.
7. Ensure that the dignity & privacy, comfort, skin integrity and self-esteem of the client are upheld at all times.
* Reference: Refer to pages 42, 43 & 44 of Manual Handling Booklet
Assisting Client Up / Down Stairs
Stand at the side of the client when going up the stairs Ask client to step up with good leg first Stand at the side of the client when going down the
stairs Ask the client to step down with the bad leg first Use rails for extra support
* REMEMBER: Good leg to heaven. Bad leg to hell.
Vacuuming, Sweeping and Mopping
Always move your feet in the direction of movement
Do not twist your spine Place hose around your back and hold in close to
the side of your waist Transfer your weight from back leg to front leg in a
lunging position Mop backwards and forwards (dependant on style
of mop) Side to side mopping should involve a dancing
approach rather than a twist of the spine (dependant on the style of the mop)
Walking Aids
Quad Sticks Walking Sticks Rollator Frames 4 wheeled walkers
Video
Grab your popcorn and your choc top. It’s movie time!
To finish today’s session lets watch a short video demonstrating some Manual Handling techniques to prepare us for our next session.
Additional Resources
Safe work SA: www.safework.sa.gov.au Australian Safety and Compensation
Council (ASCC) : www.ascc.gov.au/ascc/healthsafety/hazardssafetyissues/manualtasks
Homework
Read Manual Handling Booklet Complete activities on pages 12,19 & 34 Complete questions 2 & 3 on page 57 Complete question 5 on page 58 Complete questions 9,10 & 11 on page 60 Complete question 12 on page 61 Complete question 16 on page 62 Complete Hazard Identification Form
SESSION 2
Practical and Assessment
Stand Transfer1. One person2. Two personMechanical Lifter (full lifter)1. Bed to chair2. Chair to bedMechanical Lifter (stand Lifter)1. Bed to chair2. Chair to bedAssist from Floor1. Client can assist2. Mechanical Lifter
Practical and Assessment
Walking1. One person assist2. Two person assistRepositioning in chair1. Hip shuffle2. Slide sheetCar Transfers1. Assisting client in a car2. Assisting client out of carWheelchairs1. In and out of car boot2. Up and down kerb
Practical and Assessment
Bed Maneuvers1. Rolling2. Moving up in bed-slide
sheet, other3. Sitting up in bed- slide sheet4. Slide sheet direct vs non
direct contact5. Lying to sitting (1&2 assist6. Sitting to lying (1&2 assist)