NITRIC ACID

V PAVAN KUMAR

Dept of Chemical Engineering, AP-IIIT, Idupulapaya

FEB 3, 2016

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Contents

Introductio

HISTORY

PROPERTIES

METHODES OF PREPARATION

APPLICATION

SAFETY

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Introduction

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HISTORY

Nitric acid first descovered by Albert and Ramon Lull in the13th century

Nitrogen compounds are well known in middle ages.

In olden days nitricacid called as aqua fortis.

Earlier nitric and hydrochloric acids known as aquaregia,whichhas ability to dissolve gold.

From these things our elders came to know that nitricacidhave some useful applications in world.

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PROPERTIES

PROPERTIES

Mol. Wt. : 63.03

MP: -42 oC

BP: 86 oC with decomposition

Completely miscible with water

Forms a constant boiling mixture at 11o oC and 760 mm ofHg, which contains 68 wt.% HNO3.

Grades: Concentrated (95%), Fuming( 86%),Redfuming( 95%with10 −15%excessoxidesofnitrogen), nitrating(50 − 80%HNO3a15 −48%H2SO4)

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METHODES OF PREPARATION

METHODES OF PREPARATION

NaNO3 + H2SO4 process

Ammonia oxidation process

N2 fixation from air (Wisconsin process)

Nitrogen fixation by nuclear fission fragments

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AMMONIA OXIDATION PROCESS

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BLOCK DIAGRAM

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CHALLENGES

NO formation at high temp but NO2 from No at lowtemperatures

Reaction rate is directly proportional to: -Low temp -Highpressure (for catalyst ) -NO2 concentration in gaseous phase

Reaction kinetics is favored for high temperature and pressure,good catalyst

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APPLICATIONS

Precursor to organic nitrogen compounds

Nitric acid is used for making fertilizer such as ammonium

nitrate.

It can be used as cleaning agent

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continue

Precursor

Nitric acid has been used as oxidizer in liquid fueled rockets.

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safety

Nitric acid is higly corossive in nature.will decompose the tissue such as skin,fat.

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THE END

THANK YOU

V PAVAN KUMAR HNO3