nikolaus koutakis presentation

8/6/2019 Nikolaus Koutakis Presentation

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Working in partnership with:South East Coast Strategic Health Authority,Kent and Medway Primary Care Trusts,Kent and Medway NHS and Social Care Partnership Trust.

AN I

NTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ALCOHOL AND YOUNG PEOPLE

rebro PreventionProgramme

Nikolaus KoutakisLecturer and Researcher, Centre for DevelopmentalResearch,

rebro University, Sweden

UNIVERSITY OF

REBRO

Center forDevelopmental

Research


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Whats the problem?

Among adults: rapid increasein the latest decade.

Consequences for publichealth, violence in public andprivate settings, traffic relatedincidents

Authorities are concerned.


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Drunkenness at least once in thelast semester

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

P

ercentageofsubjects

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Boys

Girls


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Been drunk >10 times in latestsemester


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strategies in Europeanschools:

Lessons on:

Biological / PharmacologicalconsequencesDrug orientation

Illustrative example

Provideinfor

mationabout

harm
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Imp c t assumpt on a outthe cause of underage use(?)Youth use alcohol and drugs because they

lack knowledge about the risk of using.As rational consumers of information youth

will stay away from alcohol and drugs wheninformed about the risks of using.


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Parents attitudes towards 16-year oldalcohol drinking in relation to thechildrens actual drinking.

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Never > 10 times

Restrictive

Permissive

Parents attitude

Drunkenness in the latest year

%


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PARENTALATTITUDESDEPENDSONSEVERALTHINGS

Buttheyaretypicallysubjecttochange


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0

10

20

30

40

5060

70

80

90

100

13 14 15 16

A child of my son or daughters age is way too young to

concern him- or herself with alcohol. We think it is obvious that

adolescents under 18 years should not concern themselves with

alcohol.

Childs age

%


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Parents are important but arethey motivated?

A common assumption is thatparents of early adolescents are

concerned about this issue andtherefore highly susceptible andmotivated to participate in

prevention strategies.

Do we need to motivateparents?


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Are parents in generalconcerned?

Do parents have worries thattheir children will get in totrouble because of alcoholdrinking?


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their parents worry about theirchildren's alcohol consumption inrelation to their parents report

about their worries.%

age

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

13 14 15 16

Youth self report

Parent report


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Parents in general do not

worry to the same extent asthe youths believe.


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worries are not affected by theirexperiences of seeing the childdrunk.

%

Childs age0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

13 14 15 16

Parent caught

the child drunk

Parent worries


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Parents in general do not seem toworry.

If parents do not worry about

underage drinking they are notmotivated to engage in actionsaiming to reduce it.


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Prevention programs targetingparents in order to reduceunderage drinking should work

through a strategy to influenceand question common ideasand parental practices.

Prerequisites for preventing

underage drinking whenworking through parents


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First stage: Openparents eyes

Initially, focus on making parentsaware of the problems with underage

drinking, even to the extent thatnegative emotions are evoked.

Purpose: to make parents more open

to suggestions for change.


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econ s age: angeparents ways of thinkingabout underage drinking

Tear down parental misconceptionsabout youth drinking, such that most

youths drink and it is not possible tochange the situation.

Parents should become aware that

their attitudes and behavior matters.

Powerlessness


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Third stage: Implementspecific techniques

Parents should be taught clear

and simple rules about how toprevent and handle theiradolescents drinking behavior.


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PP is a three stage rocket

ConcernEmpower

Provide tools


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What if we try to maintainparents restrictive attitudestoward underage drinking;

Will this have an impact ontheir children's alcoholdrinking?

outakis, N., & Stattin, H.
http://www.balstaguiden.com/kundsidor/hasse/foreldrar.htm


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Target: Parents to 13-15 year olds.

Administration: Ordinary school meetings.

Dose: 15-20 minutes per semester (m=5; age 13-16).

Active substance: Facts and arguments.

Side effects / limits: Not a cure for al.

Administer in any community without any cost
http://www.balstaguiden.com/kundsidor/hasse/foreldrar.htm


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Content Information on underage drinking: Parent values matterAbout letting the child drink

Consensus agreement. Having clear and restrictive

house rules. Concluding letter to al

Parentalagreement

We,theparentsof

class7ahaveag

reedto

the

followingcommon

rulesregardingour

children----------------------------

----------------------------

----------------

------------


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Figure 1. Means for parent-reported restrictiveattitudes toward underage drinking at grades 7, 8 and9 for parents in the intervention and control groups.

3,4

3,5

3,6

3,7

3,8

3,9

4

grade 7 grade 8 grade 9

Parents'restrictiveattitudes


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1.1

1.15

1.2

1.25

1.3

1.35


Mean

delinquency

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1


Meand

runkenness

Figure 2. Repeated measures ANOVA displaying selfreported drunkenness (a) and delinquency (b)separately for youths in the intervention and controlconditions.


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1.3

1.35

1.4

1.451.5

1.55

1.6

1.65

1.7

1.75


Meand

elinquency

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1

1,2

1,4

1,6

1,8

2


eanrunenness

Figure 3. Repeated measures ANOVA for a subsampleof early starters in drunkenness and delinquencydisplaying self reported drunkenness (a) anddelinquency (b) separately for youths in the

intervention and control conditions.


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Over all ES Early starters ESRepeatedmeasures,control for pretest

Post testcontrol for preest

Repeatedmeasures,control for pretest

Post test,control for pretest

Drunkenness .48 .35 .72 .52

ntisocial

behavior

.42 .38 .46 .32

Effect Size

Number needed to treat for one to benefit =7.7 / 7.1


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Conclusions

Any effective prevention program must focuson important conditions that are realistic toalter.

In order to be able to mobilize parents, it iscrucial to have them motivated.

Parent attitudes and parenting practicesconcerning underage drinking matter.

The PP approach is effective in maintainingparents restrictiveness and thereby decreaseunderage drunkenness.


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Requirements forimplementing PP locally2 day training: Intro. Prevention sciencePPTheoretical explanation Professional communicationCommon arguments

Practical simulations


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Normal trajectory

Age 13 14 15

Underage

drunkenness

Parent restrictiveattitudes

Less

More


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PP results

Age 13 14 15

Underage

drunkenness

Parent restrictive

attitudes

Less

More


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[email protected]

UNIVERSITY OF REBRO

Center for Developmental Research

nikolaus koutakis presentation

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