Nez Perce TribeAir Quality Program

Air Toxics Monitoring

Community-Scale Air Toxics Study 2006-2007

Toxics Monitoring Around a Kraft Pulp and Paper Mill in Lewiston, Idaho

http://www.nezperce.org/Official/Air%20Quality/Airtoxics/airtoxics.htm

Partners Responsibility

Nez Perce Tribe, Environmental Restoration and Waste Management Division

Air Quality Program

Administer project

Operate reservation sampling sites

Idaho Department of Environmental Quality, Lewiston Office and Boise Modeling Group

Operate off-reservation sampling sites and Modeling

Washington State University, Laboratory for Atmospheric Research (Pullman, WA)

Modeling

RJ Lee Group, Inc., Center for Laboratory Sciences (Pasco, WA)

Sample analysis

Potlatch Corporation Idaho Pulp and Paperboard

Meteorological data from facility tower and emissions data

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 10

Funding, Guidance

Sampling locations

Particulate metalsPM10 Hi-Vol.

Quartz microfiber filtersEPA method IO-3.5

Volatile Organic Compounds ATEC 2200 sampler

canistersEPA method TO-15

Carbonyls ATEC 2200 sampler

DNPH cartridgesEPA method TO-11A

Benzene, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, 1,3-butadiene, 1,2-dichloropropane, methylene chloride, tetrachloroethylene, trichlororethylene, vinyl chloride

Arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, lead, manganese, nickel

Formaldehyde,Acetaldehyde

24 h samples; EPA’s one in six day sampling schedule; 5/1/2006-4/30/2007

Nez Perce County Demographic Comparison

Expect lower concentrations than in other U.S. data.

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 10,000,000

Population

Fra

ctio

n o

f co

un

ties

US countiesCounties with metals measurementsCounties with VOC measurementsNez Perce CountyNez Perce County

Median county population The subsets of counties with metals or VOC measurements have median populations that are at the upper end of the distribution compared to all US counties.

37786

6th percentile

26th percentile

Potential Concern

Formaldehyde Acetaldehyde

Benzene Carbon tetrachloride

Tetrachloroethylene 1,3-Butadiene

Arsenic Manganese

>50% detects exceed the chronic screening threshold

0

3

6

9

12

15

18

21

24

27

30

33

36

Ch

ron

ic c

anc

er r

isk

(per

mil

lio

n)

Chronic Inhalation Cancer Risk Comparison

30-year chronic cancer risk screening values from EPA Region 3 and highest annual mean concentrations from any site in the Lewiston study were used to generate estimated risk numbers.

Formaldehyde

0

5

10

15

20

4/28/2006 7/12/2006 9/25/2006 12/9/2006 2/22/2007 5/8/2007

Date

pp

bV

LapwaiHatwai ITDSunsetLSOB

Regional Comparison

La Grande, OR May 2006-April 2007 rural NATTS siteLongview, WA May 2004-May 2005 Pulp & paper, urban settingSeattle, WA 2005Spokane, WA 2005

Carbonyls

0

1

2

3

4

5

Lewiston La Grande Longview Seattle Spokane

con

cen

trat

ion

, pp

bV

Acetaldehyde

Formaldehyde

ATSDR health consultation

School Air Toxics Study 2009

PM10 sampler

Sonic anemometer

Carbonyl sampler

Formaldehyde

0

5

10

15

24-Mar 13-May 2-Jul 21-Aug 10-Oct 29-Nov 18-Jan 9-Mar 28-Apr 17-Jun

pp

bv

2006/7

2009

FaST Program 2011• DOE funded

• University professor and 2 students

• PTR-MS – 1 minute resolution of air toxics

VOC species to be measured by PTR-MS

Ion (m/z)Species Notes

Oxygenated species

31 formaldehyde direct emissions / photoproduct

33 methanol solvents

45 acetaldehydedirect emission / photochemical product

59 acetone / propanal solvents

73 2-btuanone / butanal solvents

Aromatic compounds

79 benzene air toxic / vehicle emissions

93 toluene vehicle emissions

105 styrene industrial

107

Sum of C2-alkylbenzenes (C8H10)

vehicle emissions

121

Sum of C3- alkylbenzenes (C9H12)

vehicle emissions

135

Sum of C4-alkylbenzenes (C10H14)

vehicle emissions

Biogenic emissions

69 isoprene (1) biogenic emission

71 MVK + MACR(2) isoprene photoproducts

137 monoterpenes biogenic emission

Others

54 acrylonitrile air toxic: plastics industry

42 acetonitrile CH3CN : wood smoke tracer

(1) subject to positive interferences from other hydrocarbons at low isoprene mixing ratios (< 100 pptv)(2) methylvinyl ketone + methacrolein

Wet Mercury Monitoring

Mercury Deposition Network Sites

Nez Perce TribeAir Quality Program

airquality@nezperce.org (208) 843-7375

www.nezperce.org/Official/Air%20Quality/airquality.htm

Prepared for National Tribal Forum

June 15, 2011 in Spokane, WA

Presented by Mary Fauci