Ninth,Session New York, 17-27 Agenda Item No.

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2 ‘r

Toponymic Guidelines for Hungary

(Submitted by Mr. F&Ai, Hun&)

..- _

-- __- ; _-

‘ . . ) .

.' TOPOh'YMIC,GUJDEiIiES l?OR HUtiGAkY" .

.

I. Xanguagas '.

/l/ Getrerrll remark -, . Hungari.an ia the only: nation-wide official: language. Mia.ority. langua- ges have only local importance, eflpec5all.y in preaerving cultural traditicna. -.

/2/ iJational language A/ The alphabet

_’

Hungarian /i&i Hungarians mxyar/ is .wri$ten in the'Roman alphabet with diacritical marks for vowel'a. The Hungarian alphabet.3.a given here shcwi$g the aound represented by each letter .with the help o? the IPA phonetic transcription: ,' A a, A 6 '.[g, a!J Jj ,rj7 sz BR (ill ., I3 b- [b)' : K k 4kl '.Tt- ct3 : . cc - Eta-J ..' I4 1 ClY TY W. PI, ctj3 CR ca CIfJ ‘Ly 1-y 131 u, u, 6 G ru, u:). Dd [d1 M m - .' [m'l u ii, v" u" [y, q:] Dz dz [dz] N n In1 vv ., [VJ BE6 d%Ei WI. NY ny IJWnjl 9~ w LYI F e, $ .& [s, et] 0 0, 6 tie [o, o:] %x fkd 2’ f fY1 * 0 6, -6 6 [s, #tJ 9 8 [il * 0. ‘g ccl . EP IP’J .% a [5J

QYfSY [a IQ3 “Q 9 ta .8rs PI 1.33

Hh fhj ' R p "' tPJ -: :- a l/p f f [I,' 111 8'4 m %e%t;@Xkl IlliaPkd Wilr;h M OC&.?? ia, fOlYXt@‘i WC&h3 il?&,tiOnRi tihd fo- - r&L@ %&uxt.l.y name~( only,‘Oth@z! lstfer~t qon5ide&M ai &solute but oeaucLng in trad$tiomI faglily UUTBB, R& saerotimee IB geographical. mum am tls %013ow6 t oh =-WI, cti = c, e3 = 6, Y)W m 6, !h = Ii, ta i 08 Low consonants are doubled, Doubling of d&txqbti and the trigraph ia carried out only for -the fIrat ahar-acter, so,loag consonants are as followa: bb, .cct CCB, dd, ddz, ‘ddes, -ff, 86, ggy /itB obsolate, traditional formg dgy/., hh, jj, kk, 11, lly$'mm) wi nny, pp, rr, EM, ?BZ, tt;. tty, w, 5x3, ZZEl. The alphabetic seqaenge of Hungarian words and namea usually’ fdllows the .above table where eaah unit /given in the .mme Stem/ 19 cogs;l- dered as an. &dependent Aetter, while abort end long vowel paws are taken a8 one lettet’, fox example t

Bala ton Zixc -- Biilvtioy Zdl: Bana Zubo B&If8 Caabswtid Zsaddny

5y ‘..~.

Em;acrl . Cafiku6-z. .’ ZsBdsny l etc. etc. . . ,*

1p-i EQKlle pub.:icaLionp ,a ali@tly diff+ment alpLabetic~ nequ+ce ia umd aa the lei;two e and 2 am cons!de~ed ao being’ irsdcpe&dcnt of 5 acd 2, e.g.

'*.4 drr;?t, noi; for publiqpfion

usual ~E30quence exceptional sequee_

P ddcs Ad&a d&d

Adony Adony

A 4jka

P 9 ka

qdtind

lmoad 4% Almcsd

etc. etc.: 3{. SpellZng.rules of Hungarian geographical names

The rules Bummarieed here were adopted by the Aungarian Academy of Sciences, and.are -in accordance with the general spelling rules af the Leuqpage. :

a/ The first PP drily word.of a geographical 'nane.is always capi-' " tf@j.~NL

t+$ Geogra hicalnames ~&sting of two'or more words /elements/ are W-r ! ttea l;ogethcr in oaae of - ,ohort mmeb.of cwntries 'where the final word is -pra@q

-/country/, e.& ~a~,ynrorsz&, Iil_ranc,iaorsr;Qq,etc, .- names tif physicaland .ethnic:regione, .e.g. DunBstbl, Kiaalmld,

gaEykuna6a;; 0tCo~ ',

.. :- names lacki#g a genes;lo termad a ,geographical attrbbute, e.g.

&&r;lbsr, &$~l~ny, Nokasztild, etca - names al" cities., t&a, oommunea /villages/, their inhabited

parts, and .usually of all inhabited placea, irreopehtive of ----.- -- their constituentworde. e.g. H6dmezbv&&helvi Na: KsRl

mehcjrtql Alab~Blatelop,,-~eketebo~orma~~~: EBnva, etc. . :

&/ Geog@aphical name'g oonaiating of two or more.words /elemente/ l

are hyphen&&in' c'aso. of -_

- -namea consi&tiq ~of a final.nord other than a generic term, '- ,ani an i,nStial geograghioal attribute, e.go Ala&I&erek Fels&FI Ura Kis-hrebe Na Jatkb,, Holt-Tisza, etc. ln such wk. word iSSow..

I - names being the~combLnatio.n of the previuus two ctiteqories, eDge R~aaci-Araul~-patak~.~l~~~Di6s-v81a?r, Kia-Hosesu-d@5;

r-td$-ret gorR&cs-taRi-d?,&Cj Hosazti-azi eti-da6 .j olt-txszai-caatorna, etc, Thi *fiord of sue1 names ia -* 'either oapit&lfaed, or written with lower. case initial.

- namea which-oonoist of 'two or more geographical namea used also independently, where the capitalization of~the aeoond or third'word i&preserved, e.& . .KQl-Kg olnq Gybr-E6nf6csanak, j&d-dfalu, HajdG-Bihar,'Borsod- baq-Zemplkn, etc. ~+'

d/ Geographical namea con&sting of two or more words /e&ments/ i a& written seperated in ugse of - full.names of co'untries, *where all words are capitalixed,

e.g. Ma~yar~N~~kazt~raaadg ,-.N&met Demokratikus K&zi&aaa& Szovjet Seocialiata K&ztara&sagok SzSvetsege, etc.

- n&meS of administrative units; eigo Baranya me?ye-, Budai;3&6o, VciszprGmi v6rosk&ny6k, etc., tihere the generic term re.ferring

'to the type of entity ha6 a lower- case initial, -.&&es designating streeta, roada,.avcnuea, aquarea,- where

tho'generlc term haa a lower case initial, e.g. iill6-i tit, @x.L&*, V&xi- utcaF X&t&ok ;tjs, J&ajcay;Z~ilinozky iit, etc.

uhe dsciaion making authority/ is carried ou in the Institute for Sur- VeJd.Jlg Eind i&i PpiJlg t t

Ftildme'r&i Intdzet H-S.3'13 Budapest

C-uszev utsa 19. P.0, Box 546 ,

Coo raphioal namea of local importence /names of streets, inhabited par e 9 of settlements, outskirt areas, such as meadows, foreats ate./ are decided upon t,y the Exec;ltive Committeeof the competent Luoal Council. As a rule, official maps

i as well as the Gazetter of Hungary

contain cartain categories and a imited number of these names, As to nanes of artifioial water courses and reservoirs, decisions are aade by the National Hydrological Cffice.. These names are alao give.n on ofZicia1 mnapd sd in the Gazetteer of-Hungary.

IIX,Soam3 material

1. ri¶ilpga County maps soale 1 : 150 000 in 19 sheets. Published by Kartogr8fSal Vdllalert /Cartcgraphia/. First editicn 1977.

Inhabited places have standardized names, in other categor-ies namee are now being revised as to reach uniformity with the Gaxettcer cf Hungary.

2, Gazetteers A Magyar fiBpkda&.reasBg helysQgn&vtdra /Gazetteer of Inhabited Xlscea of .the Hungarian People's Republic/ 1973. Statiaztikai Kiado VQllalat /Statistical Publ,ishi..ng HOUSES, Budapest, 1973

Contains the name of communes towns, oities 88 well as smaller inhabited places with populat on, area, and other data as of 1 1970. 1 t 400 000 scale map supplement. The next edition of thU gazct;teer will not be published before 1983..Names of communes,

.towne, cities, distriota and counties are in the etandardized form, but aemea of inhabited places inside of settlements are not neccesarily given in the etandardized form a8 shown in the

. county volumes of the Gazetteer of Hungary. In case of divergence, t*he latter is to he considered for map use.

'A Magyar Nbpk&t$rsaa&g vdrosainak Bs ktfead einek n&t&a /Gazetteer'. of the tovrns and communes of the Hungarian 8 eople'~ Republic/, 1977 Sfatisatikai Klad6 VAllalat Budapest, 1978

This is an abridged version of the previous gazetteer, ln- eludes only the independent administrative units with popu- lation and area data aa of 1976.

MagyeJX.U%z&g F81drajzin&~~t$ra I, Fontosabll domborzati, tdj- ~$3 vf&ev&

/Gazetteer of Hungary 1. The More Important Names of the Relief, Regio,r,a and Hydrography/. I&M Orszdgos FiJldtigyi 63 T&kdpdszeti Hivatal Budapest, 1971

Contains more than 700 standardised geographical names as iven in the title, Copiea are available from the Institute for UT- 8 VeyiJlg and Mapping /F3ldmBrBsi IntBzet/. A revised edit?,on with a 1 t 500 000 scale map is'due to appear in 1982,

Magyarorsz&g FU,drajzin&-t&ra II./Gazetter of Hungary II./ Kartogrsfiai V~llalat Budapest, 1978--1981. .

This is a series of county gazotteera in 19 volumes with the title .-- .--- ------ as given above and the county n-e added. Four volumes appeared in 1978 /Gy&-Sopron, Vas, VeazprBm, Zala/, seven volumes in 1979 /Somogy, Baranya, Tolna, Fejdr,, Kom$rom, Pest-Budapest, Csongrdd/, 3i.x volumes in.1980 /B&s-Kiekun, Nbgrdd, Heves,_Bursod-Aba.&j- ,.-- - ..- ___ .-_- ----m.Tv .__ "_

- @ameEl reobtaining -k,n accusative ending, 8 poatp&.tidn, a poaee- eive, or adverbial” suffix, where Me- second ‘or last word fe .” ‘e ,. written in lower case initial,-e.g.

/ Urak anq.talii; Poaeonyin4 kert;fe, &tre, dfi18, etc.,.

e/. Geographical manes are, aornetime~ combined of the types deaoribed in the previous paragraphs, eogr J&sef-he& &,

* J6zsef AttQa-teleg’ etc.. . . ~. C/ Dialects $4 &n&& -. ‘., , ‘, ., ..

There .are six -magn dialecta .fn hunkary, hut represebt no’significant differences ,8;s

Hun arian dialeots : dg

.to the, uommon speech., .. compare

; . : to each other or .’ . .

Sfandardiied geographical names, or. names applied on offio ial’ mapa, uaually disregard dzalect for.ms /i.e. they are modified acbordin %o the comaoo speech/: only if they reflect a general phonologica f tendency-in deviating from the common tipeech, characteristic, td the .&Yen area, , ,-,,-. _. .. ,‘. :, : On the &her hand., dia&t weids -not known Cn the common ‘cpseoh, ~’

or words with (Qfferent meaning in the.dialeota, are used without aUWation. .Out cif thk dial;ect words that are. differ& from the ‘. common speech nnly ‘In ronountiiation different ‘p~?onounciat P

) thba,e are’ kept ,iti which the “. on is caused by sporadic phenomena not oha-

racteristib ta the given area.

/.3/ ?A.no~ity languege~ ' .: ,-* :. Minority Uinguageo ,&iye”very few or no significance in: the use .df geographical namea. Cities .‘or communes .with, a’ considerable :number

i of- minerities /Cr.o&ia& German; Romanian, S10wkkian~ S~ovepiaa/. :, ,. are’ usually designated by an additioqal .sig&poet on the road in

,. the .minori ty language. Mamea of official :inatitutions~are als0 given in the minority lwgua&e * Minority langu&e names of topographic Peaturea, on offi&l maps. are written 3-n the Iiungqitin alphabet. Exceptiona oucur in geogra- phioal zzamea oonta&n&ng -a family’name. I ” ,‘.. .’

11: Names’ authorities and name8 s&.&rdi&tion~ . A/ Administrative name-s, .’ ,... .1 . . ’

As to names of communes, to%s, cZtJ.es,,. districts, :ani count$.ea, de- ,’ ciaions are made by the PreaJdential .Gouncil. -The standardised 'form of ‘this groitp of names. is regular&y published by’ the ,publisher of the Central Statistical Officer I : 1 -. ., : . “, :

.- Stat &zt ikai Kiadd V&llala& ,- _ HiX,300 Bedapest IIT..:-

., Kase& utca 3Q+l2. - ‘, .. .’ . ,Pdqbx’ 99 .'

B/ &h&r names : .., .- -..- .:’ , ,( ‘. Aa. t@, ‘other geographical ,fiarries of’natiadal Imp&-ta&e /P.e. n&es of regiona, mountains; riveza,. sig&ficant”peaks; dutrskXrt~ aet$lemebts 2 with. m0r.e than 50’ idhabitants/’ decisidnti .ou?e made by .the Minietry’of ‘. Food and Agricult~gre i To help 4.n n&king decisions ‘a,-conaultat ive .com;nittee is acting’ in the .framework of th,e ~QPfj+e of ,&anda an? :

-, _ .;

&pping; ,JEniatry of I”oi# -a$.~&~icuStur~ r ,’ : : ; : I aiiIdrgSzindj-bizoi;‘~Bg: &$mnitte on Geogra~h&$t. ..,~ :

~ : ‘,, I

x-es/ ,_’ ‘_ ‘. ’ ., , ., . . . ,‘- 1. : .- :‘~ .

H-3860 MklX OrarAggti 3?5@Ugyi 4s ~T$rk~&&+$ KJ_vata$ ‘:_ ‘. Budapea t _ Koasuth &aj& t6r $1. .,. .1 .‘: Y --. .-..

Compila$ion and continuous r&isionof the :Gaze.tteer ~o’f”Hun&ry ‘/can- taining all kinds of stahdardieed geographical names irrespective of .’

- .._.., ( ‘_ .: /’ . -

I

->-

Zempldh, Saolnok, B&~&J/, and two will appear in 1981 /Hsjd& . Biner and 3aabol~s-Szatmi.r/r The oounty gaeetireere contain stan-

dar?fzei get mentad by a f?

bphictll namea of ail type:. Each volume io euppla- t 150 000 scale map*

T .-.

IV, CUoitsa~y of gctneric terma, deGl&natJons, geographical attributes aypsaring on maps

foreat, wood north/er.u/ tree will village

braazh,, erm of a river cr creek

ehaft, pit of a nine lowland, plain a",ate fcsrm

resting place for gra- zmg animala

alley, walk /lined with troofq

lover lower or southern part of

e vLlJ.age - trlsz3g ditch, canal, ravine ravine, dl*y valley, gully 1. mine , quarry; 2. pit,

20 t-hole cave, cavern inner

erd3 iszak/i/

2.2 falu;d/,

falva fasor

fchdr fe*i

fakotie feJ.oo" felazeg

fdlrtziget f?lVB felvi-6k 9

beltL%ilet a deoignaM.on and legal ! fsnnRik entity: continuously fok built up central area, or oeveral cliocontinuo;w area8 0": a ccmmune, town, folyb city, or of a district forrBa

bozbt c::;aap&j

os&da otiatorna mdue i

. 181.

d.omb drmbedg

&I16

of the capital 1. peak 2. hili

crag, rook;

1. grove, copse; 2.reed,y l!at?eh

1. buoh; 2. group of farmateade

thicket, scrub 1. path,trail; 2. track

of grazing animal8 with its surroundinga

wayside inn oanal peak, aummit 1, south; 2. oouthern

alope southern place where graztig .anx- male have a reat at noon

hill, hump knoll. range of b&, chain of

hilLa 1. a unit of cultivated

fields in a ooJltTiu%e, usuaily bordered by roads, an obsolete legal entity; 2. fa.9n road, cart road

cl6 --'

egyhbz/a/ or

fore; the front part oi' a feature

church brook, rivula t

_- .

f6 f&aatorna fiild gblya

gQt gazdasdg gerinc glidllr g&be &t; h&de

halastd &ilom

zaaz t

hegy hegyee

bew&la - . . _

1. row of trees; 2. ave- nue , aiiey

white 1. head; 2. summit, top of a hill or mountni.~; 3.&llI ElE2CtIi.W Gf i3

. . black upper uyF3r or nortlbern part of

a vfllago peninsula = felszeg hi&iand, upland glafeau 1; cape, promontory;

-. brook, rivulet; 3,dry river-bed

:

river fqpr$ng, well, 130~13~3 0. 1. main; 2. = fej train canal field, arable land 1, bare or naked top of a : mountain cr hill; 2. cleaj ring or opening in a fo- ( root or wood I

1. dam, dike, levees I 2. brook, srsek

farm, farmstead 1 ridge, crest pit, hole, pot-hoIs curved, bent, twintsd

7 raaa, Zawn mountain/ pass

place where mals apend &

razing an!,- he right

?iah-pond hill, hillock, knol~,mound brushwood, undergrowth 1, ridge; 2. /mountain/ pasa; 3. en elongated elevation

1. table-land; 2. chain cf hAlls .

back, rear 1. house; 2. /aG final- --I 9lement in compouni --'. namss/ village.

mountain. hill geak, toi of a mountain

or hili foot ot a mountain or hill

hegys6g (mountain) range hegyteto" = teto"

i2iy place, ground, site bridge

; holtag dead channel, stagnant water, cut-off arm of a river or creek

I homok 3 an3 .* : _hosszti

irt6.s' low clearing, cutting down,

deforestation iakola school itat watering p.lace, place

where grazing animals are watered

jai3 1. district, a second or- der'administrative unit; 2. place where animala graze

kanyar k&polna

bend, curve, elbow chapel

kapu kar&n

gate

kaatdly .aheep-fold, stock-yard

kaszal6 manor-house, residence hayfield, meadow

kereszt crucifjx, crosswise kert garden keriilet 1. district, 'ward of a

town; 2. = dG'l6 1. kilGt6 look-out /tower/ kis amall, little k6 _ 1. stone; 2. rocky peak,

summit of a mountain kijfejto" kiirny6k

quarry, atone-pit surroundings, environs

ktjz intermediate space bet- ween roads, creeks etc.'

kii$phegy- mountain range of

kgEep/sC/ central, middle 5 medium height

kijzseg commune, a third order administrative unit

kunyh6 hut, hovel, cottage kbt well, fountain, source,

kiilao" apring

outside, external,out- ward

kiilteriilet a designation',and le- gal entity: area of a commune, town, or of a district of the capi- tal lying outside of the continuously built-up area, mostly cultivated lands

lak6telep building estate, reai-

l&P ciential quarter

1apAly moor, marsh, bog flat, lowland, level

lapos legelo"

flat /adj./, even

lejtd pasture wlope,gradisnt, dip

-,+ liget &ro7te, park lyuk hole, cave, cavern magas high, tall major farm, farmstead, a group

of, f‘arm buildinga

mcil

malom medence megye

melldk

m&y mezo" mocsgr tidas mQY nemeeti

park

nyereg nyiladek

adret, southern or wee- t tern slope of a hill

mill basin ;- county, a first order ad-

ministrative unit 1. environs,

region;' 2. aurroundinge,

side- aubsidiary,

deep, low, hollow field, meadow swamp, marsh . reeda, reed-bank big, large national park, natural re-

serve of national impor- tance

saddle, /mountain/ pass ', cutting /in forest/, glade, -m clearance

qyugat/i/ weotfern/ 6 oldal orr

old

Greg 6RV6Ily parlag part p&akom patak puszta

rdsz rdt r&v. rom rijvid sdnc a&r

sarok

1. aide; 2. slope 1. nose; 2. protruding,

overhanging part of a hill or mountain

1. old; 2. big, large path/way/, trail waste, uncultivated field . ahore, bank, riverside ' pasture brook, creek,'stream 1, lowland plain; 2. waste;

3. = ma.i or; 4. surround& I ing fields of a farmstead

1. part; 2. = da16 1. meadow, graaa-land,pasture ferry, harbour, haven ruin short l..rampart; 2. = &ok 1. marshy water-course;' 2.

pond, pool;.3. marshy ,or boggy meadow

1. corner; 2. amall idlet of a lake

a6d sik afka&g aima aor

brook, creek, stream plain plain, lowlands, flat smooth. flat /adl./

a&It6 sz~llda

1. row'; 2. street with houses on. one Elide only

salt lake 1'. = tanya; 2. sheep-fold, . -- - - stable, cow-ahed

sz&nt6/fbld/ plou&h-land, arable I land szdk,szik alkali flat, saline szelao" outside, outermost, extreme azer 1. part or street of a c

village; 2. landa

row of pl$h- '

sz6rii lithreahing floor; 2. an .enclosed area for storing straw and fodder

sziget island,~islet azikla rock, cliff _

.; szir t = szikie I szoros st1.aJ.t

szo"lb/heg:l/ I. vinzyerd; 2. hill r)r hillc??e with vinea

5 t&bla 1. field: patch, plat, strip; 2. a large onl- ti.ratei. fxeld

tws = t&la thjv6del- natural reserve dis- pri kiirzet tr.ic=t, a natural rc-

,. 3exw of minor im- i)OrtkWlCe

-tanya ‘dSac:lcd farm/stead/, a sm.lll detached oettXe- merit in the fields of a village or -to'~n, con- aiutjng of a reaiden- tibl an*; one or more fa.r?li builfiing

tbrsk&x.&g associate commme, a cormnu~e withcut lo- i;al sounL'.l

t,elek 1, piece of' ground, allotment: 2. ri omaJl cultivated field or pasters i? the sur- roundinga of a farm

.ta1ep 1. settlement, premiees; 2, = 1nktitelo.p

telepi;J.& a des.i@.ation: all. kinds of inhabited places

telep-Z- l&w&rl,

a rlenign3ti.on: named part OI inhabited places

.

temeto" t&r t9is '

t6, tavak fij ‘it utca l&X v&he&y

Eirofl va'roakiir-

any6k

ve'roar6aa

v&rroi

vaoiit- 613 OlUZit3

vasfiti megdl:L6- hel;Y

r&5 v.&fo'ya'9 v~zt&rol6

,vijJ.g.y 24tony ?Alg

p2Qetery pince , square surmif, peak of a moun-'

tx.Ln or bill lake, lakea new . - road otroet castle 1. castle hill: 2. moun-

taili, hi?.1 town, cita town'dizltriot, a second order admiriotzative unit conoisting of H town a8 centsr, End several corn-0 mune3

quarte-?, distrist or ward of a town

ruin6 af a castle or fort- reams

railway fit&ion

railway halt

1. wate?; 2. = aatak water course reaervoi.iF vgilley . sandbank, ahailob corner, pof)k

V. Xbtraviations .

3 **.a c-c

.

A.

&.

- b. l

bg,' bnN l

. btr

cer ceatu c d.

g*

, I

Egaad. Egy,

ThI.s Ms.6 includes abbreviation9 appear5ngo.u ma&s as well aa desig- nationrl given in the Gazetteer of Qngary. An En&ish traelation or definiticn is given only for terms and designation9 not inolcded in the previous glossary ale6 81. erde'sa.Lak $rsk. eml. eml&mG

iorester's lodge m0num0r.t

Allamf Cazlxiag $LlaM b&c

state /adj,/ "f: fzla5 forrde

fk f&&rosi diotrik:t or ward of barl.ang ' i . keriilef bgnya

the cac,i.tal h.

belterU.eti hesy

teleptilesrdsz named part hg, of L commu- him.

hegyfdg ha1 om

nh town 3. etc. in the K

j&?&o kelet/i/

built-up k. a/ :cⅈ area . '.

fx3iice / kbp,

b/ k&&g /

cnato.Yna k6pol.m

k&i. dbl/ij

lci1titC

donb hy .

as a desig- , kc kunyhd

na tIi.ou: ktislekedb.3i a designation f r

16tesZt- P 4219 featurea 0' _.

hill *with B ' height of- ,

&l&q+ the transport

Lena than /road,

. tltation

etc./ 400 m ks.

exdb 4 I&r ksuteiy

dazakf*i/ kiSterrile- I a designation for

ti tcle- 5nhabited or u&n- ErdCgazdaoSg forestry ' Egy.2tcm university

. p'il6sre'ez habited, eingle; C;rouped cr 3ca4- .

In. maiom mo. moca4r mv megyei v&of3

ne aeveze teaaf3g

$Z. pat& pusata

. ait. azig t

.tered, btiildiugs EWiQ. .outside of the ’

esanatbrfua satistoritlm, health “:

continuously Em.. ezikle rcoort ’ :

buflt-sp area t. 0f.a commune,

tetd t6

town, etc, tetilet a de~lgnation:

different kind8 -

tcml of cowlty right

a dosignationt potit Of lnte- &Jet '.

major commw6; 8 third order adminietrative unit

natoh-house, &uard-house

.

. l

5

tny. Tsz,

..ta&ya termelo”-

tsz farmera~agAxxltu4.

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