Challenge 1:

New Vehicle Zero CO2

Emissions Challenge

Annual greenhouse gas emissions (1,000 Tg CO2 Eq./year)

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

20 2000 2020 2040 2060 2080 2100

Forecast international climate change

Source: From the IPCC Working Group III 5th Assessment Report (2014)

Full-scale initiatives to reduce CO2 emissions Zero or less

Baseline scenario (+3.7~4.8℃)

(RCP8.5)

Below 2℃ scenario (RCP2.6)

Regarding GHG emissions, there is no time to lose

Challenge 1: New Vehicle Zero CO2 Emissions Challenge

90％ reduction

2010 2050

Avera

ge n

ew

vehic

le C

O2 (T

tW)

90% reduction of new vehicle CO2 emissions by 2050

compared to 2010

2020 2050

Engine

HV

PHV

FCV EV

2010

Sale

s Volu

me

Development of next generation vehicles

Next generation vehicles to accelerate technological

development to follow market expansion of HV

New Vehicle Zero CO2

Challenge

Cooperation with stakeholders

Governments

Customers

Automotive

companies

Energy

suppliers

New Vehicle Zero CO2 Challenge in cooperation

with stakeholders

Energy diversity

Renewable energy CO2-free hydrogen

Energy saving

Reduced use of fossil fuels

CO2

reduction

Energy saving

Reduced use of fossil fuels

CO2 reduction initiatives

Engine

HV

PHV

EV

FCV

Short-mid term to promote energy saving

Powertrain with improved efficiency

Aiming for further engine improvement in thermal

Engin

e th

erm

al e

fficie

ncy

(％)

Diesel

2050 2015 2010 2005 2000 1995

Hybrid

Gasoline

Improved thermal

efficiency

HV: Lineup

Compact

Medium

Large/

Premium

SUV

Minivan

Commercial

HV lineups for all categories

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Cumulative (million)

1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 (January to July)

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

Per year (million)

1 M

3 M

5 M

8 million

HV: Sales

Sales (per year)

Sales (cumulative)

More than 8 million HVs

in world wide cumulative sales in 2015

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Cumulative (million)

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

Per year (million)

1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 (January to July)

0 0

10

20

30

40

50

60 Cumulative (million t) (million t/year）

4

6

8

10

12

2

58 million t

CO2 reduction amount (per year)

CO2 reduction amount (cumulative)

1 M

3 M

5 M

8 million

Sales (per year)

Sales (cumulative)

58 million tons of cumulative CO2 reduction compared to same class gasoline vehicles

HV: Sales

HV system cost

Fuel efficiency (km/L)

HV technology evolution

28.0 35.5 29.6

32.6 38.0 10-15 cycle Japanese test cycle

JC08 cycle

(Target:40)

First-generation Prius Second-generation Prius Current Prius Next-generation Prius

HV technology significantly evolved in fuel efficiency with reduced cost

Next generation Prius is a compilation of world top

fuel efficiency technologies

Advanced fuel efficiency technology of nextgeneration Prius

3. Improved aerodynamics

●Aerodynamic coefficient (in Cd): 0.24

1. High efficiency/low fuel consumption engine

●40% of maximum thermal efficiency

2ZR-FXE

2. Hybrid system ●Downsized/light weight, reduced loss

Lithium ion battery

Stator Rotor

High rotation motor

Battery

Transaxle ＆PCU

Nickel metal hydride battery

Transaxle PCU

1997 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2050 0

1

8

15 （million）

Cumulative sales of HV

2020 target

Cumulative 15 million HVs

HV target cumulative 15 millions in 2020, to lead next generation vehicles

Energy diversity

Renewable energy CO2-free hydrogen

Energy saving

Reduced use of fossil fuels

CO2

reduction

Energy diversity

Renewable energy CO2-free hydrogen

CO2 reduction initiatives

Engine

HV

PHV

EV

FCV

Renewable energy, CO2 free hydrogen for further reduction

PHV

EV

FCV

HV

Application of hybrid technology

HV technology is a core technology included

in next generation vehicles

Fuel diversity and uses

Short-distance commuter vehicle

Fuel Electricity Gasoline, diesel, biofuels, CNG, synthetic fuels, etc. Hydrogen

Delivery vehicle

EV

HV

PHV

FCV（BUS)

FCV

Veh

icle

siz

e Passenger car

Route bus

Personal mobility

EV

HV/PHV FCV

Home delivery truck

Full-size truck

Travel distance

EV: Short-distance, HV & PHV: Wide-use,

FCV: Medium-to-long distance

Development of next generation batteries

Output density (W/L)

10000

4000

2000

0 0

Energy density (Wh/L)

8000

200 400 600 800 1000 10000

6000

High capacity Li-ion battery

Target

Innovative battery

(Metal air battery, etc)

All solid battery

Target Current

(Research)

Sakichi battery

Develop next generation battery

as a key for electrified vehicles to expand

Development of next generation power semiconductor

Power module

Power control unit (PCU)

Power semiconductor

Diode

Transistor

Silicone (current)

SiC（future）

● 10% increase in fuel efficiency (Target)

● Downsized PCU (1/5 in volume (target)

Aim 10% increase in fuel efficiency,

1/5 downsized in volume

Use of hydrogen: FCV

Volume production FCV “MIRAI” Japan launch in 2014 Europe, in September, US in October, 2015

Advantages of FCV

Energy diversity Zero emissions

Usage

Zero tailpipe CO2 Hydrogen sourced from

a wide variety of

primary energy

Electric motor enables

smooth, quiet driving

Excellent acceleration at

start to low/mid speed

Fun to drive

Range (gasoline equivalent

Refueling (about 3 minutes)

High capacity

Power supply (emergency use)

Development of MIRAI

Reduced number of cells in FC stack

Common use of hybrid units

FC boost converter

★FC stack

Innovative flow channel structure

and Electrodes of cells for higher output

Output/volume; 3.1kW/L

Humidifier less

Internal circulation

★High pressure hydrogen tank

The light weight structure of

carbon fiber reinforced plastic enabled

Storage; 5.7 wt%*

world top level world top level

*Hydrogen mass/Tank mass

FC main components developed in-house to achieve world leading performance

Power control unit Motor Battery

HV technology

FC technology FC stack High-pressure hydrogen tanks

Cost reduction of FCV

Limited introduction Start

penetration Popularization

FCHV-adv (2008)

1/20 or less (2014)

Further

Cost

reduction

FC sy

stem

cost

Apply HV technology to accelerate cost reduction

FCV market penetration initiatives

About 5,680 FCV related Toyota patent

Item Number of patents

to be free Free use period

FC stack

High-pressure hydrogen tanks

FC system control

Hydrogen station

Approx. 1,970

Approx. 290

Approx. 3,350

Approx. 70

Until the end

of 2020

No expiration Announcement at CES on January 6 by TMS SVP Bob Carter

Toyota share all patents for free to accelerate the spread of FCV

FCV market penetration initiatives

3 automakers; Toyota, Nissan, Honda started cooperative promotion of supporting hydrogen station operation until around 2020

1) Support operational cost

2) Refueling network

Customer services/Convenience

Communication for understanding of FCV and hydrogen

Support to accelerate preparation of hydrogen stations

Various approaches of Toyota group

TOYOTA FCV

Toyota Auto Loom folk lift

Aisin Seiki

Household fuel cell system

HINO FC bus

Not only FCV but also Toyota group activities to promote hydrogen use

FCV market penetration initiatives

FCV sales volume

Global : More than 30,000/year around 2020 and later

Japan : Approx. 1,000/month around 2020

1X,000/year @2020 and later

FC bus introduction

to start in FY 2016 for Tokyo, etc

100 or more by 2020

for Tokyo Olympics/Paralympics

2020 2050

Engine

HV

PHV

FCV EV

2010

Sale

s Volu

me

PHV

FCV EV

Future development of next generation vehicles

Accelerate next generation vehicle development toward 90% CO2 reduction

再生可能エネルギーとCO2フリー水素活用による 人と自然が共生する未来づくり