new sumit luminous project

5/27/2018 New Sumit Luminous Project

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Shri Ram Institute of Management &TechnologyMuzaffarnagar (up)

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A

Project Report

on

Submitted Towards Partial Fulfillmentof

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATIONSubmitted to: Submitted By:

Mr. Pradeep Kumar

Mr. Sumit Kr. SharmaProject Guide


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PART- A


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Acknowledgement

I acknowledge my deepest thanks to my project guide Mr. Amit Sharma for all his care and encouragin

words and giving suggestion at the crucial stages of the project.

I express my profound sense of gratitude to Mr. Pradeep Kumar, who has rendered constant guidance, advic

and help as and when, needed to complete this project work successfully.

I would like to put on record my sincere gratitude to my friends Deepak Pal & Romit Sharmawho extende

their full support towards the completion of my project.

Overall the enthusiasm and support i got from my parents and my brothers are really encouraging.

Finally i would like to thank LUMINOUS POWER TECHNOLOGIES PVT. LTD. for giving me a

opportunity to utilize my summer training in creative learning.

Date:

(SUMIT KUMAR. SHARMA)


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Contents

1 Synopsis 5-6

2 Introduction 7-45

3 Company Profile 46-80

4 Objective and research 81-83

5 Research Methodology 84-90

6 Data Analysis 91-104

7 Swot Analysis 105-111

8 Bibliography 112

9 Annexure 113-116


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SYNOPSIS

PROJECT TITLE:-

Analysis of Market Potential through Market Mapping

OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT:-

The prime objective of the research is to analyze the market potential of Invertors&Invertor Batteries for a

Brands in District JJR (Haryana).Which

would be help full to the company for increasing their Market Share and Also Help full reach in to the untappe

Market.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:-

1. Descriptive research by the field surveys and fact findin

enquires.

2. Qualitative approach by using the interviews and questionnaireetc.

SAMPLING AREA:-

Sampling Area includes the District Jhajjar (Haryana) Including Interior Market

SAMPLING SIZE: - Data would be collected from the 114 Sample.


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Primary data:-Primary Data would be collected with the help of interviews,

telephone interviews and questionnaires.

Secondary data: - Secondary data would be collected from the different new

papers, research journals, Electronic

magazines, internet etc.

SAMPLING PROCEDURE:-

Judgment sampling would be use for collecting the samples.


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INTRODUCTION OF INVERTOR &BATTERY INDUSTRY IN INDIA

Invertors In India have become a mandatory Office And Industrial tool considering the power suppl

position of the country. Due to the lack in the maintenance of infrastructural facilities the powers supply doe

not offer an uninterrupted status. This can prove to be a nuisance when large industrial productions an

important Business functions are involved. Thus, Invertors have become a daily use item In Business as wel

Invertors are also popular in the Home Use category

An Invertor is a type of electronic circuit that functions as a Converter for Direct Current (Dc) To Alternatin

Current (Ac). Their usage can vary from small switching power supplies In Computers to large Elect. utility fo

bulk transport of power. Invertors have wide applications:

For Home

For Solar Panel

For Boats

For Cars

For Trucks

Invertors for Home in India

Invertor Accessories like Batteries and Charger are also available with the Manufacturers. Invertors being

high budget item also have a resale market. Used Invertors are put up For Sale with the Local Dealers. A carefu

inspection and Comparison must be done before buying a Used Invertor device. Service of the Invertor is


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relm that should never be taken lightly as the Invertors involve large scale handling of Elect.ity which if no

maintained properly can be hazardous

In India, we see a mass consumption in the cities with more Industrial and Commercial setting. In these citie

even the Invertors For Home and Home PC'S have a huge demand. Such cities in india are:

Chennai

Hyderabad

Bangalore

Delhi

Kolkata

WHAT ARE INVERTORS?

An Invertor is a device that converts battery power (DC) into alternating current (AC) of a higher voltage. Thi

means that most Invertors are installed and used in conjunction with a battery bank.

TYPES OF INVERTOR

A.)Digital Invertor (Square wave invertor)

Non-sine wave Invertors, such as square wave of modified sine wave Invertors can produce incorrect voltage

which may cause the connected equipment to have operating difficulties or not run at all. Also, non-sine wav

Invertors produce high levels of harmonic distortion, which can cause Electrical interference and audio hum

(with TV, radio, etc.) as well as overheating the connected equipment (inductive motors).


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B.)Sinwave Invertor

In your home the wall outlet socket supplies 230Vac to your hold appliances. The waveform of this alternatin

current is sine wave (see picture above), Therefore most Elect.al equipment is originally designed to operat

from a sine wave mains power source.


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BASICS TECHNICAL THEORY OF INVERTOR:

Fig. 1: 1000 VA-Invertor 12 Volt -> 230 Volt

An Invertor allowes the use of 230V Elect.al appliances from a car battery or a solar battery. It must therefo

supply a voltage that corresponds to an rms of 230 Volts sine-wave like hold main supply or similar. Sine-wav

voltages are not easy to generate. The advantage of sine-wave voltages ist the soft temporal rise of voltage an

the absence of harmonic oscillations, which cause unwanted counter forces on engines, interferences on radi

equipment and surge currents on condensers. On the other hand, square wave voltages can be generated ver

simply by switches, e.g. electronic valves like mosfet transistors. In former times electromagnetical switche

that operated like a door bell were used for this task. They were called "chopper cartridge" and mastere

frequencies up to 200 cycles per second. The efficiency of a square wave Invertor is higher than the appropriat

sine wave Invertor, due to its simplicity. With the help of a transformer the generated square wave voltage ca

be transformed to a value of 230 Volts (110 Volts) or even higher (radio transmitters e.g.).


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Fig. 2: Sine-wave voltage and conventional square wave voltage with both 230 Volt rms

Fig. 2 shows a sine- as well as a square wave voltage with in each case an rms of 230 Volt. In both cases an

Elect. lamp would light with the same intensity. This is, as we know, the definition of rms. As we recognize in

Fig. 2, however the peak value of the sine-wave voltage is 325 Volts, i.e. factor 2 more than rms. For Elec

lamps this is insignificant and Elect. engines are appropriate for it. Electronic devices were even designed fo

the peak voltage of sine-wave voltage, because internally they generate DC voltage from the AC supply voltage

A condenser will be loaded on exactly the peak value of the sine-wave voltage. Electronic devices thereb

usually cannot be operated on 230 Volt square wave from fig. 2. The industry nevertheless manufactured squar

wave Invertors according to this principle in former times.Our Invertor with a trick, to obtain the same resul

from square wave voltage as for sine-wave voltage.

Fig. 3: Square wave voltage with duty cycle 25% for 230 Volt rms ("modified sine")


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Square wave voltage in fig. 3 developes the same peak value as sine-wave voltage of 230 Volts, i.e. 230 Vo

* 2 = 325 Volts and nevertheless thereby obtains the demanded rms of 230 V. Square wave voltage as show

in fig. 2 (full half wave) with peak value of the corresponding sine-wave voltage would cause double amount o

Elect.al power on Elect. consumers. The Elect.al power rises by square of voltage, and square of 2 results i

factor 2. The trick is, to switch the output power only for one half of every conducting cycle, thus resulting on

duty cycle of 25% on behalf of the complete oscillation period. If the calculated double amount of Elect. powe

will be generated only half the time, effective power remains the same. Industry called this cam shap

"modified sine", in order to be able to differentiate the devices from conventional square wave Invertors.Th

Invertor may feed nearly all Elect.al appliances, designed for 230 Volts, with exception of rotary field engine

that use condensers for generation of an auxiliary phase (condenser engines). Engines of this type are used i

most refrigerators, washing machines, dishwashers and some few machine tools. Fluorescent lamps with

series inductivity to limit the operating current also won't work correctly on our Invertor. This problem can b

solved by increasing the duty cycle on more than 25% while decreasing the peak voltage to 275 Volts. Instea

fluorescent lamps with Elec. (energy saving lamps) will work very well on the Invertor. There may also b

problems with some small plug power supplies. An increased magnetizing current results on square wav

voltages, while there would be an predominantly inductive load (cosj


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.Our Invertor is suitable for:

o Elect. drills, fret saws, circular saws, Elect. chain saws, grinders

o Vacuum cleaners, coffee machines,irons, dryers, mixers, sewing machines, Elect. razors, etc.

o lamps, energy-savings lamps

o Electronic devices, e.g. music amplifiers, battery chargers

o Computers and accessories, UPS

o Televisions and radios

o ham radio transmitters, high voltage generators, among other things

Schematic diagram:


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Description of function:

The Invertor chops the 12 Volt DC Battery voltage into a square wave voltage of 50 cycles per second and dut

cycle of 25%, transformed by transformer Tr1 to 230 Volt rms. IC1 forms the oscillator with 100 cycles pe

second (120 cycles per second for 60 cycles output). Frequency is determined by C1 and the resistors R4 an

R5. Resistor R6 determins the time of the flyback of the oscillator and affects likewise the frequency. I

addition, R6 affects the rms of the output voltage, which must be considered if necessary, if the circuit shall b

used for other frequencies. 60 cycles per second can be achieved by alignment, higher frequencies requir

changes in the frequency-determining parts. For high stability of frequency, special attention must be spent o

condenser C1. Ceramic capacitors are not usefull, due to their high sensitivity on temperature. Most foi

condensers may keep the frequency quite constant, even against strong temperature variations.IC2 determine

the pulse width and thus rms of the output voltage. The regulater consists of transistor T1, which receives it

signal from the diodes D4 and D5, taken from the primary tranformer coil. The regulator adjusts the outpu

voltage by changing the pulse width. It prevents also rising of rms on inductive or capacitive load. Th

characteristics of regulation can be adapted by changing D4 (important on 24 Volts applications!). Lowe

voltage level of D4 results in "softer" regulation, i.e. an reduction of the proportional factor.Against earlie

versions of the Invertor, IC 8 now will be switched directly by the oscillator signal, thus avoiding errors b

unexpected oscillations of the PWM-IC 2. Here the alternate allocation of the impulses for both transistor lines

i.e. for the positive and the negative half wave of the output voltage takes place. The final frequency of 5

cycles per second develops. Flip-flop IC7 Strs a switching off instruction of the current limiter for the rest of th

half wave. From the gates IC5 (4093-III) and IC6 (4093-IV), the control signal arrives at the complementar


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MOSFET-driver stage transistors T5/T6 and T7/T8. T6 and T7 are N-channel-enhancement mosfets and T5 an

T8 are the complementary P-channel-enhancement mosfets. These transistors correspond to the well-know

CMOS basic circuit (CMOS = Complementary MOS), which represents the basic of the CMOS logic famil

(CMOS Invertors). Only the resistors R44 to R47 are new in this circuit. They provide current limitation durin

shifting process and protect in cases of disturbances. The control unit ist suitable for Invertors up to 10 kW

output power. The driver stage transistors T5 to T8 provide the signals for the power mosfets, which alternatel

magnetize transformer Tr1. Inductive idle currents, how they are needed e.g. by Elect. motors, can be returne

to the battery, thanks to the integrated antiparallel recirculating diodes of the transistors. Thus they do no

generate unnecessary losses, contrary to early

Invertors.

The most important task in our Invertor is done by the mosfet transistors T13 to T28. They are connected i

two groups, each of 8 transistors. They generate alternatingly the positive and negative wave of the outpu

voltage. Each transistor line on ist own transformer coil. After a transistor line is beeing switched off, th

magnetic energy Strd in the magnetic field of the transformer returns back to the battery by the integraterecirculation diodes of the second transistor line. The idle current of consumers with inductive load takes th

same way. In case of strong heating up of the transistors, which should only happen on defects in th

equipment, the bimetal thermal switch F2 shuts off the control Elec.. In normal operation, temperature of th

heat sink should be as low, that you could touch it by your hands.The source-currents of the mosfet transistor

pass over resistor R20 with the very low value of 0.001 ohms. Load currents of 100 amperes thus produces

voltage drop of only 0.1 Volt, according to an energy dissipation of 10 Watts. The electronic current limite

becomes effective for currents above 350 Amperes, i.e. on voltage drops on R20 of more than 0.35 Volts. Mai

cause for such high currents are short-circuits or consumers with "large" inductances, e.g. welding transformer


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or large battery chargers, which exhibit remanence magnetism. Also large electrolytic capacitors from switchin

power supplies cause immense peak currents (computer screen), just as asymmetrical load of devices wit

single period rectifiers or thyristor regulaters, which cause a magnetical bias to the transformer of th

Invertor.The electronic overload protection by IC9 is a special feature of our Invertor. It needs a additiona

negative supply voltage, which is produced by a charge pump, consisting of IC10 and the transistors T9 an

T10. IC9 as threshold switch (Schmitt trigger). Sensitivity can be affected by change of the value of R22. A

value of 1.5 kOhm means e.g. shutdown at lower currents (for Invertors with smaller power output.Whil

starting the Invertor, the negative supply voltage from the charge pump will be missing. This leads to immediat

shutdown of the power mosfets, indicated by the red LED1. Thus indefinable control signals, that could result i

unwanted switching, which would force small batteries to break down, are prevented. Our Invertor therefor

requests no maximum or minimum battery size - it on any 12 Volt power supply. If the electronic overloa

protection becomes active, a positive output signal will be present at pin 6 of IC9. Through resistor R13 the flip

flop IC7 is set, which keeps the blockage upright until the next half wave on pin 11 appeares. IC7 may b

closed likewise by transistor T3, which receives its signal from the optional "load detection" . If no load i

detected, the Invertor will be shutdown by this circuitry in order to save battery power.Sensitivity of th

shutdown circuitry may be tested by disconnecting the lead to resistor R20 and applying variable voltages a

connector "C" in the range of 0 ... 1 Volt (important: transformer Tr1 must also be disconnected!). At approx

0.35 Volts the red LED1 would light up and would get dark again at voltages of scarcely more than 0 Vol

Parallel to resistor R20 a 100 uA measuring instrument may be attached for display of load currents.Th

optional "load detection" shall not be described here in detail. It consists of the circuit parts around resistor R33

transformer Tr2, relay1 and the ICs 12 and 13. If this part of the circuit shall not be used, the Invertor woul

work in continuous operation. Thus T3, R10, R9, D6, R15 and D3 would be obsolete. The 230 Volts load woul

be connected directly to clamp 5 and 6 of transformer Tr1. The "load detection" recognizes an active load by


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small DC through the contacts of relay1 and resistor R43. The Invertor will be switched on for approx.

seconds. If then a load current would appear on R33, the Invertor will remain switched on, indicated by LED

(yellow). The limitation of the output power of 3000 Watts is due to power dissipation of R33. Instead of th

"amateur-solution" of R33 and Tr2, a typical current transformer may be used. Some loads do not switch on th

Invertor, e.g. energy-saving lamps. For this the manual activation at port "G" is intended. A small 1 VA

transformer in parallel to the energy-saving lamp would also cause a DC-current and thus would solve th

problem.

Data:

supply voltage: 12 Volt

battery size: depending upon load, otherwise no restriction

output voltage: 230 Volts rms (square wave voltage with duty cycle Tp=25% "modified sine")

good for resistive, inductive and "pseudocapacitive" load (e.g. computers)

efficiency: under full load approx. 95%

quiescent current of control Elec.: approx.. 0.05 A ... 0.1 A

total: 0.5A to 2,5 A, depending upon quality and max. induction of the used transformer

pulse width regulation for the stabilization of rms of the output voltage

current limiter in case of short-circuit an thermal protection

option: load detection

Transformer:

We can make the transformer by changing the windings of an old transformer.


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fig. 4: shell-type transformer core transformer

A transformer will provide best characteristics when the primary coil, that takes over magnetization of the iron

core, fits closely around the core. For industrial transformers this would be the 230 Volts coil, on our Invertors

however it will be the 12 volt coil.


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fig. 5: "EI"-sheet metals of a 850 VA-shell-type transformer

For the computation of the numbers of turns the following consideration applies:The peak value of the primaril

generated alternating voltage is given by the battery voltage. This determines the number of the primary

windings of the transformer. On the secondary side of the transformer likewise the peak value must be taken

also for computation, i.e. 325 Volt. In the case of a fully loaded battery the supply voltage of the Invertor

amounts to 13.8 Volts. The peak value of the 230 Volts output voltage may not exceed that of the usual supply

net, even if the rms could be held on 230 Volts by reduction of the duty cycle. The following table for the

output voltage results (without

pulse width regulation):

Battery voltage Upeak

(secondary)

Urms (secondary)

11,8 Volt 297 Volt 210 Volt


12,7 Volt (accord. 9 Vrms 320 Volt 227 Volt




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The table applies to fixed duty cycle of 25% and/or sine-wave voltage and without consideration of th

magnetization energy. Our Invertor will keep the output voltage constant on an rms of 230 Volts, due to it

pulse width regulation, even if the peak value will drop or rise, due to the battery voltage. The peak value wi

not exceed 350 Volts (247 Vrms for sine-wave voltage), critical for Elec., even in case of fully loaded battery

Theoretical, without pulse width regulation, the rms could rise again up to the theoretical factor of 2, accordin

to a duty cycle of 50%, because of the magnetization energy.

The recirculating magnetization energy already forms the beginning of the next half wave of the output voltag

(see fig. 6). But without load there is no rms by definition, so this consideration is only of theoretical nature

with one exception: A measuring instrument, calibrated on rms would indicate a wrong output voltage an

small consumers, who need less than the magnetizing energy of the transformer, could get damaged.

fig. 6: output voltage with no load or inductive load


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The table shows, that the transformer needs a ratio of windings of 1 : 25. The schematic diagram shows, that it

has two primary windings and one secondary. Both primary windings have the same number of turns and the

secondary winding must have by factor 25 more turns (110 Volts: factor 13).

Here a selection of used transformers:Length:

length of the "I" from fig. 5Deep:

Thickness of pile of all iron sheet metals Power:

Rated output

The table shows, that the number of turns is not particularly critical. Only the ratio of primary windings t

secondary must be correct. The rms of the output voltage will be finally adjusted by the automatic controlle

with R16 to the value of 220 or 230 Volts. It is of great importance however, that both primary coils ar

absolutely symmetrical. They must be wound bifilar, so that

Length Width Deep Power Primarily Secondary idle current

150 mm 125 mm 50 mm 460 VA 2 x 13 W 325 W 1,4 Ampere






- - 2000 VA 2 x 11 W 275 W 2,2 Ampere





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they are very close to each other. While one winding will magnetize the core, the corresponding winding wil

return the magnetizing energy. If there is no close coupling of both primary coils, energy losses will result by

overvoltage, causing avalanche effects on the transistors. Despite completely symmetrical structure of th

windings, the transformer will show a small magnetical bias (DC biasing), recognizable from the asymmetrica

magnetizing currents, which can be watched on R20 with an oscilloscope. This biasing will change on ever

change of load, in particular with strong inductive loads. This effect is completely normal for square wav

voltages at inductances and is connected with the heavy non-linearity of ferro-magnetical materials. The secon

half wave of the output voltage applies other magnetizing conditions to the ferro-magnetic transformer core du

to the remaining remanence. (only with sine-wave voltages an equilibrium can adjust itself after severa

oscillations, due to hysteresis losses, see "Rush effect"). Critical unbalances, which develop e.g. after an impac

short-circuit, are eliminated surely by the electronic shutdown system.

Wire strength:

Current densities from 3.5 A/mm2 to 4 A/mm2 are used on industrial transformers. If our Invertor is not beein

used excessivly, current densities may even be higher. A transformer with 1000 VA needs approx. 84 amper

from the 12 Volt battery on nominal load. Since the two primary coils alternate mutually, we may count from

42 amperes. (This is strictly not correct, since the acceptance applies only if both windings would exhibi

double surface for heat emission). For a round wire this would mean a diameter of 4 mm. Such wire is hardly t

wind, also automats can't do it perfectly. A solution may be wires with rectangular cross section or severa

smaller wires in parallel. After winding the transformer, the sheet metals must be inserted again. With eac

layer we change the direction of the sheet metals, while in the original condition several sheet metals wer

probably summarized into packages, in order to increase the air gap and linearize magnetizing currents. Th

effect isn't needed for our Invertor. Magnetizing currents are always extremely nonlinear in square wav

transformers, and they are asymmetrical also. This has no effect on the performance of the Invertor and th


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output voltage. After the transformer has been built, it should first be tested. Therefore we attach its 230 Volt

windings to public Elect.ity mains or any other 230 Volts source. Each low-voltage coil should now show

Volts. Now we can connect the beginning of one "primary" coil with the end of the other. At the free ends

voltage of 18 V now should appear. If this voltage would be 0 V, the windings have been connected the wron

way.

The making of a transformer is a very laborious work. Nobody likes to take a transformer apart for a secon

time to correct the windings. With unknown transformers it is advisable to apply first a sample coil of thin and

easy to handle wire and test the power input on idle. The windings of the sample coil can be changed withou

dividing the transformer. For this test the transformer does not need the secondary 230 Volts coil. Only th

Elec. must be adjusted correctly (tested with another, correct transformer or an oscilloscope: duty cycle 25%).


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Transformer computation:

For the first regard, it appears difficult to seize the obscure and for precisive computation not accessibl

magnetization procedures in the magnetic core of a transformer. I want to show, that in our case this is no

necessary. As the table with the numbers of turns shows, a transformer may be built on different numbers o

turns, only the relation to each other must be exact.We specify the maximum magnetic induction on a valu

of 1.5 Tesla. For computation now only two simple equations are necessary:

i. Uind= nx F /tconverted: 1') n=Uindx t/F

ii. F = Bx A

1) Uind=induced voltage 2) n=number of turns

F = magnetic flux t=transistor switch-on time

B= magnetic induction A=cross-section area of transformer core

For power Elec. resistive load shall not calculate on energy conversion. Thus the whole battery voltage wi

apply on the transformer coil for the whole switch-on time of the transistor. The switch-on time results in


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milliseconds, dependend on the period of the 50 cycles / second oscillation and a duty-cycle of 25% (period of

50 cycle oscillation is 1 / 50 Hz = 20 milliseconds).

Sample calculation for the above described 850 VA transformer:

The cross-section area of the transformer calculates to A = 60 mm x 80 mm = 4,8 x 10 -3m2

Uind= 12.7 Volt B= 1.5 Tesla = 1.5 Vs/ m

t= 5 ms

A= 4.8 x 10- m

With equation 2) the magnetic flux calculates to F = Bx A= 1.5 Vs/ m2x 4.8 x 10-3m2= 7.2 x 10-3Vs

set in equation 1') results

Number of turns n=Uindx t/F = 12.7 V x 5 x 10-3s / (7.2 x 10-3Vs) = 8.82 (rounded up 9 turns).

By trying I built the transformer with 2 x 12 turns. The losses were clearly smaller thereby. The calculated flux

in this case was only 1.1 Tesla.


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High load resistor R 20:

fig. 7: resistor 0,001 Ohm made of high-grade steel sheet metal

Resistor R20 takes up the whole load current of the Invertor and thus enables the electronic shutdown circuit b

evaluation of a small voltage drop. I was very astonished to learn, that different steel grades had differen

Elect.al resistance. High-grade steel exhibited a 2.5 higher resistance than conventional steel and that's why

used it. The data for other steel type may differ, so here what I experienced:

value of the resistor: 0,001 ohms

length: 110 mm

Width: 40 mm

Thickness: 1 mm

Distance of the screws for load current: 80 mm

Diameter of screw connections: 6 mm

Distance of solder taps: 55 mm (actual measuring section with 0,001 ohms!)


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The actual value of the resistor between the screw connections is little more higher than between the solder taps

the actual measuring section. At the solder points additionally a small 100 uA panel meter may be attached.

Alignment of the resistor:

For an unknown steel grade or the desire for particularly high accuracy of the resistor value an alignment with

defined examining current is recommendet, e.g. by a car lamp at the lab power supply unit. The load curren

would be adjusted to e.g. 5 amperes. Now we may find with the test prods of a sensitive millivoltag

measurement instrument those two points on the resistor, for which the voltage drop will be U= I * R = 5 A

0,001 Ohm = 5 mV. These points would be marked by a felt-tip pen. At these points the solder taps will b

fixed by screws.

Control Elec.:

The use of a pre-drilled print board is most comfortable. In the past most Invertors have been built on strip hol

plates, in small-batch manufacturing.


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fig. 8: control Elec. on strip hole plate (previous version) and PCB of the "professional edition"


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Assembly of the mosfet-transistors on the heat sink:

fig. 10: heat sink, mosfet transistors, connections

Testing:

MOS-FET-transistors:


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The transistors on the heat sink may be tested while they are not yet connected to the transformer and th

control unit. First we touch with one hand the source connections of the transistors and with the other the gat

connections. This will discharge the gates. Now the source / drain connections must behave like a diode, whic

we can test with an ohm meter. For the next test we connect a car lamp between the drain connections of th

transistors and the positive pole of a battery. The negative pole will be connected to the source of the transistors

The gate must be open. If we now touch with one hand the positive pole of the battery and with the other th

gates, the lamp will light up. Now we touch the negative pole of the battery and simuntanously the gates and th

lamp will be switched off. If this test is positive, the transistors are o.k.

Control unit:For testing the control unit, clamp "G" and clamp "C" must be connected to ground (minu

pole). This prevents the load detection circuit from switch-off. The outputs "A" and "B" will show an outpu

voltage between 3.5 and 4 volts. Theoretically the exact value should be 2.5 volts, according to a duty cycle o

25%, but the transformer is not yet connected and so the pulse width regulator will generate maximum value. I

a frequency counter and an oscilloscope are available, the control signals may be checked and adjusted to 5

cycles or 20 milliseconds (period of the 50 cycle oscillation) at these outputs. During normal operation th

transformer generates peak voltages up to 28 volts on clamp "D". The pulse width regulator may be tested, i

variable DC voltages from 12 V to 28 V will be applied to this connection. For testing the current limite

variable DC voltage may be applied to clamp "C" (0 ... 1 Volt). The switch-off should take place at about 0.3

volts.

The control unit may also be tested in connection with the mosfet transistors. Instead of the transforme

autolamps would be connected. The brightness of the lamps may now be adjusted by turning resistor R16 o

connecting a DC voltage to clamp "D" as described above. The autolamp also makes possible a very simple tes


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to adjust the frequency. Therefore we put in series with the lamp the 12 volts output of a small tranforme

connected primarily to the mains supply. Both alternating voltages will now be added or subtracted, dependen

on the phase shift. The lamp will flicker. The goal is, to make this flickering very slowly. Attention: Th

autolamp must be 24 volts or two lamps in series.

Final assembly:

fig. 11: 1500 VA Invertor with 2 parallel transformers and 1000 VA Invertor


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COMPANY PROFILE

Luminous-Aquick Glance

Aleading Global Company Delivering High Quality Power Products For Home And Commercia

Applications

Founded in 1988,the Group Generated revenue exceeding Rs.1000 crores in FY09-10

Group Projected revenue to be Rs.2500 crores by FY10-11

The Group has 4000 employees(including 500 overseas employees)

Luminous has 43 service centers,300 service locations and20 branches all over India

Luminous has strong foothold in over 36 countries worldwide and has dominant position in th

domestic market

Luminous Range of product is available PAN India through a strong channel network of 100

distributor and 30,000 dealers

SAR Group has 11 manufacturing facilities located in India &China


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Awards and Certifications

Luminous is the proud reciepent of 2007 Frost &Sullivan Industry Technological LeaderShi

Award And Consumer World

Award(2004,2005,2006,2007)

Quality systems as per ISO9001:2000,IEC62040and60950 compliant products SONCA

&CE certified products

Quality approvals from many Telecom,Government,Defence And Computer companies i

India

Luminous is the preferred brand of large institutions & Government companies in india


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SAR group Companies

LPT-Luminous Power Technologies Pvt Ltd.

LETS-Luminous Engineering & Technology Services

LML-Lectrix Motors

WTL-Wynn Telecom Limited

LTI-Luminous Teleinfra Limited

LRE-Luminous Renewable Energy

LETS-Luminous Engineering &Technology Services,INC

LVI-LETS Volver International LLC

Langming-Langming Power Technologies

TIPL-Tritronics (India) Pvt. Limited


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Manufectring Plants In India

Power Electroni cs

Location:: Baddi ,H imachal Pradesh

Coverd Area 12000 sq. mt.

Factory Land 43000 sq. mt.

Production Capacity 2.5 million Invertors a year

Elect.al Installation 1000 kilo watts

In- PCB Line Including Auto Insertion machines(axial&radial),SMT Line,Transformer

Manufacturing,equipped with Coil winding,Core filling machine&vaccumImpregnationPlant


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LEAD Acid Batteri es

Location:Gagret,H imachal Pradesh

Factory Building 11000 sq. mt.


Production Capacity 2500 batteries per day


Total Investment USD3.5 Million

Tubular Batteri es

Location:Gagret,H imachal Pradesh

Factory Land 18000 sq.mt.

Built UP Area 18000 sq.mt.

Production Capacity 4000 Batteries Per day

Elect.al Installations 10000 kilo Watts

Machines From Europe,Chima,Taiwan,Germany,USA


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VRLA Batteries

Location;Gagret,Himanchal Pradesh

Factory Land 11000 sq.mt.

Built UP Area 10000 sq.mt.

Production Capacity 30 million AH per month

Elect.al Installations 3000 kilo Watts

E-BIKES

Location : Una, H imanchal Pradesh



Production Capacity 80000 bikes per year


Total Investment 12 crores


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Mobile Battery,Charger &Accessori es

Location:Baddi,H imachal Pradesh

Factory Building 13624.38 sq. mt.


Production Capacity 1080 laks per annum

Elect.al Installation 48.9 kilo watts

Total Investment 367 lakhs

Telecom I nf rastructure

Location: Gagret,H imachal Pradesh



Production Capacity 9000 DG Sets Canopy



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MANUFACTURING Facilities-Located In CHINA

L ine In teractive and on line UPS Systems

Location:Shenzhen,China

Production Capacity:1.2 million units per year

Luminous Products Portfolio

Square Wave Invertor & Long Back up UPS-175 TO 1400VA

Sine Wave Invertor & Sine Wave Long Back up UPS-600VA to 10KVA

Higher KVA Invertor-15KVA to 150KVA

Elevator Backup UPS-6KVA to 100KVA

Ups Systems

i. Online UPS-1KVA to 20KVA

ii. Line Interactive UPS-600VA onwards

Deep Cycle Flate Plate Battery-120 AH to 180 AH

Tubular Battery-150AH to 200AH

Fork Lift Battery

Sealed Maintenance Free/VRLA Battery-1.3AH to 200AH


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Traction Battery

Solar Battery

Railway Battery

Renewable Energy Solutions-Solar,Wind7Hybrid solutions

DG Sets

Telecom Infrastructure

Wynncom Mobiles

Long Backup UPS for Home Office Range

Luminous introduces break through technology in the world of power back up range of Invertors, LB UPS. A

power of performance packed in a highly attractive design. Luminous LB UPS boasts of phenomenall

advanced features. This technology gives it the unique ability to run the Computers for hours together, even i

the bleakest of power situations.


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Sine wave UPS

Luminous sine wave UPS is a power of performance packed in a highly attractive design, it boasts o

phenomenally advanced features. That gives it the unique ability to run a PC for hours together, even in th

bleakest of power situation

Protection

Phase reversal protection

Overload with auto re-set

Battery Deep Discharge protection with two times reset options

Ultra Fast Short Circuit Protection

Battery reverse polarity protection

Miniature circuit breaker for overload and short circuit protection in mains mode instead ofcartridge fuse

DC over Voltage protection.


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Feature

Micro controller based design

Regulated output voltage window during regulated UPS mode

Can run single PC up to 8hrs. With 12 V 150 AH battery

Selectable battery option

Pre-loaded battery management software

Battery charging up to two times faster.

Regulated battery charging from 120 V to 300 V

Automatic holiday mode preserves battery charge

Advanced digital display

Audio alarms on failure of mains fail, Charger fuse blown, battery low and no load shutdown


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DSP based sine wave Invertors/ Chargers for Residential/Small Office

Luminous DSP based Invertors are undoubtedly the very latest in the world of Invertors. Packed with a range o

user-friendly features, it is a symbol of convenience and comfort. Very little maintenance, no noise DSP base

Invertors stand for powerful performance with all round protection.

Features

Digital Signal Processing Technology

Sine Wave Output with intelligent real time control

Over 200% load cold start by the Invertor

High speed MOSFET protection for excess currents and voltage spikes

No humming noise from Invertor as well as from equipments connected to it

DC fuse available on the back panel for easy replacement

Compact and Reliable SMT based design

Smart Charge plus Technology for faster charging and longer battery life

High Frequency based design for instantaneous Sine Wave Control

Intelligent Thermal Management for longer life and higher reliability


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Smart Charge+ Technology

High Frequency based Pulse Width Modulated Charger with high Input Power Factor

Up to 70% Elect.ity saving

Charges battery up to two times faster

Advanced Battery Management Enhances battery life up to 70%

Intelligent Continuous Charging Profile adjustment

Negligible Water Loss

Regulated Battery Charging from 120V to 290V

Protections

Overload with Auto Reset.

Battery Deep Discharge protection with Reset option

Short Circuit Protection

Battery reverse polarity protection

Phase Reversal Protection

Miniature Circuit Breaker for Overload and Short Circuit Protection in Mains Mode instead of

Cartridge Fuse

Audio Alarm on battery low cut off, Overload trip, Short Circuit trip and Phase Reversal

shutdown.


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Advance Digi Display

Digital Display for Mains On, Invertor On, Smart Charging, Overload/Short Circuit Trip, Battery Low Trip,

Battery Fuse Blown and Battery

Mini-max: Power for small Retail Shops

After extensive research on customer feedback, Luminous has introduced its revolutionary mini-max serie

targeting the retail shop segment and very small holds. With this range of Invertors, Luminous has been able t

reach out to the consumers with very limited requirement during power cuts.

Technical Specification Of Above Invertor Models

Specifications of modified sinwave Invertors


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RATING 600VA800VA1400VA

INPUT AC RANGE

Regulated INVERTOR mode

Undervoltage 180 +/- 5 V

Undervoltage Restoration 185 +/- 5 V

Overvoltage 260 +/- 5 V

Overvoltage Restoration 255 +/- 5 V

Unregulated INVERTOR mode





OUTPUT ON

INVERTOR MODE

Maximum Power 600VA 800VA 1400VA

Maximum Watts 425W 500W 900W

Maximum Efficency 82% 79% 84%

Voltage (INVERTOR Mode)220 V Nominal +/-

12%

Voltage (Mains Mode) Same as Input

Frequency (INVERTOR Mode) 50 Hz. +/- 2%

Frequency (Mains Mode)Same as Input (45-55

Hz.)

Overload > 110 %


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Transfer Time (typical a.s) 10 ms.

INVERTOR MODE

PROTECTION

Low battery protection ElectronicTrip

Battery reverse protection Through fuse

Invertor mode over load ElectronicTrip

Noload (if load


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Low Batery Pre-AlarmINVERTOR On &

Low Battery Red

Battery Low Red

Mains On Red

Smart ChargeRed (Along with

Mains ON LED)

Overload Red Steady

Noload (if load


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minutes

ENVIRONMENTAL

Operating Temperature 0-40oC

Storage Temperature 0-40oC

Humidity0-95 % RH non -

condensing

Specifications of DSP based sine wave Invertors

RATING 800VA 1400VA 2.5KVA

INPUT AC RANGE





OUTPUT ON

INVERTOR MODE




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Voltage (INVERTOR

Mode)220 V Nominal +/- 12%


Frequency (INVERTOR

Mode)50 Hz. +/- 2%

Frequency (Mains Mode) Same as Input (45-55 Hz.)

Overload > 110 %


INVERTOR MODE

PROTECTION




Invertor mode short circuit ElectronicTrip

MAINS MODE

PROTECTION

Over load / Short circuit Through MCB

Charger protection Through MCB

BATTERY

Type 120 AH- 150AH Lead Acid Type

Number 1 2 4

Typical Recharge Time 10-12 Hrs.

BATTERY

CHARGER

Constant Voltage with

current limit type

10Amp with boost voltage

14.1V and float voltage

13.9V

28.2V/

27.8V54V/52V

TECHNOLOGY High power factor boost charger


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LED DISPLAY

Switch On White

INVERTOR ON INVERTOR ON + On(SEVEN SEGMENT)

Low Batery Pre-Alarm

INVERTOR On + Low Battery +Lb(SEVEN

SEGMENT)

Battery Low Low Battery +Lb(SEVEN SEGMENT)

Mains On MAINS ON + On(SEVEN SEGMENT)

Smart Charge SMART CHG + CH(SEVEN SEGMENT)

OverloadOVER LOAD + OL(SEVEN SEGMENT-

blinking)

Short CircuitOVER LOAD + OL(SEVEN SEGMENT-

steady)

Battery fuse fail Red

Battery reverse Red

MCB Trip SMART CHG + CH(SEVEN SEGMENT)-blinking

ALARMS

Low Battery Pre-Alarm Continuous Beeping

Overload Pre alarm Continuous Beeping

Short Circuit Continuous Beeping

MCB Trip Continuous Beeping

ENVIRONMENTAL



Humidity 0-95 % RH non -condensing


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Specifications of Mini-max Invertors

CAPACITY 170VA 325VA

LOAD CHART 1FAN+ 3CFL(15W EACH) 2FAN + 2 TL(40W EACH)

OUTPUT (ON MAINS) SAME AS INPUT SAME AS INPUT

OUTPUT (INVERTOR

MODE)220V (NOMINAL) 220V (NOMINAL)

OUTPUT WAVE

FORMSQUARE WAVE (MODIFIED) SQUARE WAVE (MODIFIED)

BATTERY

CHARGING (MAINS

INPUT 120 TO 280V

AC)

7A/5A (SELECTABLE) 7A/5A (SELECTABLE)

PHYSICAL

(L:W:H)MM

(Net/Gr.Wt)Kg

200:275:110 5.3/5.8 200:275:110 6.3/6.5

SOFT SWITCH INVERTOR ON/OFF

NO LOAD SHUT

DOWN

IN THE EVENT OF INVERTOR MODE,IF UTILITY LOAD IS

CONNECTED LESS THAN 20W, IT WILL SHUT OFF


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AUTOMATICALLY AFTER 30- 40 MINUTES & SAVING THE

BATTERY ENERGY LEVEL

AUTO RESET

IN THE EVENT OF OVER LOAD, INVERTOR GOES TO AUTO

RESET MODE & ATTEMPT FIVE TIMES TO RESET. IT IS AN

INDICATTION TO THE USER TO REDUCE THE UTILITY LOAD

AT HIS CONVENIENT LOCATION

BATTERY LOW

RESET

BATTERY CAN BE REST 2 TIMES AT BATTERY LOW

CONDITION BY REDUCING THE OUTPUT & CAN AVAIL

INVERTOR OUTPUT FROM THE REMAINING BATTERY ENERGY

LEVEL.

BATTERY LOW PRE

ALARM

PRIOR TO BATTERY LOW TRIP, THE LOW BATTERY

INDICATION WILL START BLINKING THUS INDICATING PRIOR

BATTERY STATUS

BATTERY LOW TRIP

AT BATTERY LOW TRIP, THE LOW BATTERY INDICATION WILL

GLOW STEADILY

OVER LOAD TRIP IT GLOWS CONTINUOSLY JUST AFTER OVER LOAD

NO LOAD TRIP

IT IS A VISUAL SIGNAL TO THE USER WHERE IN OVERLOAD

LED WILL START BLINKING INDICATING NO LOAD IS

CONNECTED(OR LOAD IS LESS THAN 20W)

INVERTOR MODE

SHORT CIRCUIT

TRAP

INCASE OF ANY SHORT CIRCUIT AT THE OUTPUT, OVER LOAD

LED WILL GLOW & NO FURTHER AUTO RESET


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Specifications of DSP based sine wave Invertors

RATING 600VA800VA1400VA

INPUT AC RANGE

Regulated INVERTOR mode





Unregulated INVERTOR mode





OUTPUT ON

INVERTOR MODE




Voltage (INVERTOR Mode)220 V Nominal +/-

12%


Frequency (INVERTOR Mode) 50 Hz. +/- 2%

Frequency (Mains Mode) Same as Input (45-55


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Hz.)

Overload > 110 %


INVERTOR MODE

PROTECTION




Noload (if load


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LED DISPLAY

Switch On White

INVERTOR ON Red

Low Batery Pre-Alarm

INVERTOR On &

Low Battery Red

Battery Low Red

Mains On Red

Smart ChargeRed (Along with

Mains ON LED)

Overload Red Steady

Noload (if load


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Noload Continuous Beeping

MCB TripBeeping every 12

minutes

ENVIRONMENTAL



Humidity0-95 % RH non -

condensing


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BATTERIES

Deep Cycle Batteries of Flooded Designs


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Tubular Batteries

The tubular plate batteries are designed extremely strong and can withstand 1400 cycles of deep discharge at

All the plate grids in flat plates and the spines in the Tubular plates are cast in automated high-pressure machi

alloy. Every plate and every cell element is carefully weighed to achieve uniformity within a close tolerance l

achieved by using extra large inter cell connection which are tested 100% in the assembly line and also by hig

separators. Tough and high tensile poly - ethylene pocket separators are used in place of cheap PVC separator

This adds to reliability under abusive conditions and stops failure from short circuits.

Key Advantages:

Up to 10 year of service life

Very-very low water loss


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Very-very low self-discharge loss. Due to this, the battery can be Strd in charged condition, for very long ti

All batteries of same type will have very uniform internal resistance. Large numbers can be connected in se

danger of misbalance within the battery bank.

Very low internal resistance gives you high voltage on discharge and extra back up on load. You get longer

Power Battery as compared with any other battery of same capacity, much better value for money.

Ceramic vent plugs arrest evaporation loss of water.

The tubular batteries are used in the following applications:UPS systems where power demand is for lon

conditions, Solar PV systems, Telecom applications - both Base stations and at Repeater stations, Backup sys

stations and Switch yards, Railways signaling use, etc

TECHNICAL SPECIFIACTION FOR BOTH BATTERY TYPES

TECHNICAL SPECIFIACTION FOR FLAT PLATE DEEP CYCLE BATTERY

Overall Dimensions

of ContainersCharging Current

TypeNominal

VoltageCapacity

Length

+/- 3Width

+/- 3Height

+/- 3

Electrolyte

Volume

(1.240

Sp.Gr) inLitres

BOOST MODETRICKLE

MODE

Starting

Rate

Finishing

Rate Min Ma

(V) C 20 mm mm mm Litres A A mA mA

IL 1200 12 100 502 180 233 10.5 9 4.52 80 320

IL 1400 12 120 513 220 257 10.5 10.9 5.42 96 384

IL 1600 12 135 513 220 257 11.20 12.2 6.10 108 432


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IL 1800 12 150 513 220 257 11.50 13.5 6.78 120 480

IL 1800

Plus12 150 513 220 257 11.50 13.5 6.78 120 480

IL 2000 12 165 518 275 265 15.50 14.9 7.46 132 528

IL 2200 12 180 518 275 265 15.00 16.2 8.14 144 576IL 16000 12 135 513 220 257 11.20 12.2 6.10 108 432

IL 18000 12 150 513 220 257 11.50 13.5 6.78 120 480

IL 18000

Plus12 150 513 220 257 11.50 13.5 6.78 120 480

IG 18O

K12 150 515 278 292 11.5 13.5 6.78 120 480

Overall Dimensions of

ContainersCharging Current

TypeNominal

VoltageCapacity

Length

+/- 3Width

+/- 3Height

+/- 3

Electrolyte

Volume

(1.240

Sp.Gr) in

Litres

BOOST MODETRICK

MOD

Starting

RateFinishing

RateM

(V) C 20 mm mm mm Litres A A

ILT

1800012 150 518 275 265 14.50 13.5 6.78

ILT22000

12 180 518 275 265 17.40 16.2 8.14

ILTT

1800012 150 500 187 430 19.30 13.5 6.78

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR TUBULAR BATTERY'S


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OBJECTIVE OF RESEARCH

Primary Objective


Brands in District JJR (Haryana).Which Would be help full to the company for increasing their Market Shar

and Also Helpfull in Reaching in to the untapped Market.

Secondary Objective

To find out the untapped area where invertor is not being sold.

To study the consumers preference about the different invertor brand

To give the best suited suggestion to the company for better enhancement of their product o

Services.

Rationale

In the recent years, the Indian Invertor &battery market has witnessed a tremendous growth. Supported by th

general growth in economy and falling interest rates, the attitude of the urban middle class towards life ha

changed. This change has bring a big boost in Invertor &Battery market. Consumers are now able to get th

Invertor &Battery easily then ever and that also with high technology & varied features.


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So, Invertors&Batteries provided by the LUMINOUS will helpful for reducing the communication gap betwee

organization and consumers. LUMINOUS also provides on- Sight after sales service . So, in this cut throa

competition, channel partners are making consumer happy by providing maximum benefits to them.

Scope

By doing this project it will enable me to understand the Market Potential of a defined region . While doing th

competitive study with different Channel Partners Counter Potential. it will give us the better idea to form

plans and action for increase the market share. By doing this project it will also enhance the knowledge o

ChannelSales.


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PART-B


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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The primary data has been collected from the research done on the basis of prepared questionnaires and analysi

is done on particular set of collection of data. The secondary data has been collected from the journal

magazines, web sites etc of the Invertor&Battery Companies and with the help of project guide Mr. Am

Sharma and make an analysis of it.

By collecting primary and secondary data we can make an analysis of the project according to the topic an

accordingly pie charts, histogram and other graphical representation is done and based on data presentations w

can draw the conclusion of the overall project. This research has suggestions to the company which will hel

the company to increase the market share.

OBJECTIVE OF RESEARCH


Brands in District JJR (Haryana).Which Would be help full to the company for increasing their Market Shar

and Also Helpfull in Reaching in to the untapped Market.

There are also additional objectives :-

To know the need, perception, views and psychographics of dealers.

To find out the promotional efforts.

To know consumer response to a luminous products..

To know what, why, when, where and how the consumer purchase th

invertor&battery.


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SCOPE OF MARKETING RESEARCH

Product Research:-It will provide the information about the new and existing produc

development, design, necessary change

in product on the changing consumer preferences, habit etc.

Consumer Research:- Consumer Research that is investigating into economic, socia

cultural, personal and psychological .

Sales Research:- Sales research that is selection of location, channels, evaluatin

present and proposed sales methods,

incremental sales tactics.

Promotional Research:- To determine effectiveness of various promotional tools.

will provide the information that how,

where and when to promote the Web enabled services.

Market Research:- Market research that is to analyse size of market for existin

Web enabled servicess, estimating demand

for new and existing product, sales forecasting, determine characteristics of market.


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RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

Open-ended and close-ended questionnaire has been used for collection of primary data.

Here in this project I am used the survey method for the research approach. Survey provides systemati

gathering of information from respondents for the purpose of understanding or predicting some aspect o

behavior of the population of interest. I have done this research through contacting Dealer in , JJR (Haryana

The best thing for obtaining survey method because it has versatility that is most of the problem ca

approached through survey. Another positive thing with research is that it is easy, speedy and less costl

comparison to other research approach.

DATA COLLECTION

Data collection is done on questionnaire method and this questionnaire covers all the queries Regardin

Invertor&Battery Potential.

SAMPLING PLAN

SAMPLE SI ZE:- The sample size consisted of 114 Dealers of JJR(Hr.) .

REASERCH CONDUCTED AREAS

Distributor with Retail Counter

Direct Dealer Of Companies


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Authorized Dealers

Electrician

Corporate Suppliers

The survey was conducted in the Jhajjar(Hr.).

FIELD EXPERIENCE

Getting some knowledge about Invertor&Battery Industries.

Personal interaction with LUMINOUS Employees.

Personal interaction with authority of Dealerships and getting the feed back.

Interaction with Elect.ians


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LIMITATION

Though the project gave us great knowledge about Market Potential, but there were some limitation or

restrictions which are as follow:-

The research was restricted to questionnaire.

The sample size was limited.

The study was limited to JJR(Hr.).

The main limitation of this project was the limitation of time.


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DDAATTAAAANNAALLYYSSIISS

MARKET POTENTIAL IN

DISTRICT JJR(HARYANA)

Battery

S.

No.Area

LOCA

T.Dealer

Counter wise Sales break up

fy 09-10 (counter Size)

Tota

l

Cou

nter

Size

%sh

are

Lu

m

%sh

are

Exid

e

%sh

are

MT

EK

%s

are

oth

r

LU

M

Exide

Group

MTk

Group

Oth

ers

Tota

l

1Mtnhl

Ch.Was Lohach Elec.

120 10 120 250 48% 4% 0% 48%

2Mtnhl

Ch.Was Monty Battery 10 70 80 160 0% 6% 44% 50%

3Mtnhl

Ch.Was Sibu Auto Elect. 10 10 70 90 0% 11% 11% 78%

4Mtnhl

Ch.Was Sharma Elec. 10 80 90 0% 11% 0% 89%

5Mtnhl

Ch.Was Shiv Elec. 10 70 80 0% 13% 0% 88%

6Mtnhl

Ch.Was Balaji Elec. 5 40 150 195 0% 3% 21% 77%

7

Mtnh

l

Ch.Wa

s Harsh Elec.

10

0 60 160 63% 0% 0% 38%

8Mtnhl

Ch.Was

Pawan AutoElect. 10 70 50 130 0% 8% 54% 38%

9Mtnhl

Ch.Was Ganga Battery 25 30 15 70 0% 36% 43% 21%

10Mtnhl

Ch.Was

Samrat VdconEnt. 10 120 130 0% 8% 0% 92%

11Mtnhl

Ch.Was

Himansu Elect.Wrks 5 70 75 0% 7% 0% 93%

12Mtnhl

Ch.Was

Sandeep autoElect. 10 30 40 80 0% 13% 38% 50%

13 JJR JJRShri Balaji AutoElet. 15 35 50 0% 30% 0% 70%

14 JJR JJR Kaushik Elect. 60 5 20 85 71% 6% 0% 24%

15JJR

JJR Atul Ent.120 70 70 60 320 38% 22% 22% 19%

16 JJR JJR Kumar Elec. 60 15 75 80% 0% 20% 0%


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17 JJR JJR Virendra Ent. 10 100 110 0% 9% 0% 91%18 JJR JJR Birla Ent. 70 50 120 58% 0% 0% 42%19 JJR JJR Vinod Auto Str 70 15 65 150 47% 10% 0% 43%

20JJR

JJR J.B. Elec. 270 270 0% 0% 0%100

%

21 JJR JJR Bhadra Auto 50 5 130 185 27% 3% 0% 70%22 JJR JJR Shiv Battery 10 180 190 0% 5% 0% 95%23 JJR JJR Deepak Battery 30 50 70 150 0% 20% 33% 47%24 JJR JJR Haryana Battery 10 10 130 150 7% 7% 0% 87%

25JJR

JJRGanesh AutoElect. 10 20 50 80 0% 13% 25% 63%

26 JJR JJR Tara Ent. 300 100 400 0% 75% 0% 25%27 JJR JJR JOON Invertors 15 70 85 0% 18% 0% 82%

28 JJR JJR Jai Auto Str100 600 400 1100 9% 55% 0% 36%

29 JJR JJR Rajendra Invertor 90 120 150 360 0% 25% 33% 42%

30 JJR JJR Dayal Elect. 70 10 20 100 70% 10% 0% 20%31 JJR JJR Jangra Elect. 10 90 100 0% 10% 0% 90%32 JJR JJR Chawala Elec. 20 200 100 320 0% 6% 63% 31%33 JJR JJR Shri Ram Elec. 70 20 90 78% 0% 0% 22%

34JJR

JJRJaiswal AutoElect. 5 400 405 0% 1% 0% 99%

35JJR

JJRKuldeep AutoElect. 5 70 75 0% 7% 0% 93%

36JJR

JJR Ganesh Battery 80 201400 1500 0% 5% 1% 93%

37 JJR Kblna Lucky Inv.&Bat. 20 70 90 0% 22% 0% 78%

38 Bdgh Bdgh Raman Battery 10 100 110 0% 9% 0% 91%

39 Bdgh BdghRaju AutoElect.Wrks 20 50 20 150 240 8% 21% 8% 63%

40 Bdgh Bdgh Jangra Elect. 10 30 40 0% 25% 0% 75%

41 Bdgh Bdgh Bawa Batteries 500 500 0% 0% 0%100

%

42 Bdgh Bdgh J.K. Elect. 10 210 220 0% 5% 0% 95%43 Bdgh Bdgh Maharaja Elect. 10 10 20 40 0% 25% 25% 50%

44 Bdgh BdghUnited SalesCorp. 5 30 35 0% 14% 0% 86%

45 Bdgh BdghSabbarwalGenrater 60 5 20 10 95 63% 5% 21% 11%

46 Bdgh BdghGaurInv.&Battery 10 40 50 0% 20% 0% 80%

47 Bdgh Bdgh Kumar Elec. 70 30 30 130 54% 0% 23% 23%48 Bdgh Bdgh Batra Elec. 20 20 50 60 150 13% 13% 33% 40%49 Bdgh Bdgh Chugh Invertor 30 30 30 220 310 10% 10% 10% 71%


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50 Bdgh BdghShethiRefrigeration 50 20 100 330 500 10% 4% 20% 66%

51 Bdgh Bdgh Poonia Battery 400 50 450 0% 89% 0% 11%52 Bdgh Bdgh Sharma Elect. 10 5 15 0% 67% 0% 33%53 Bdgh Bdgh Vishal Ent. 5 5 10 0% 50% 0% 50%

54 Bdgh Bdgh Jagdamba Traders 45 5 50 90% 10% 0% 0%55 Bdgh Bdgh Elcon Ent. 70 20 50 20 160 44% 13% 31% 13%56 Bdgh Bdgh S.S. Elec. 5 165 170 0% 3% 0% 97%

57 Bdgh Bdgh Harison Services120 10 10 160 300 40% 3% 3% 53%

58 Bdgh Bdgh Panghal Invertor 30 10 40 75% 0% 0% 25%59 Bdgh Bdgh Arya Traders 10 500 510 0% 2% 98% 0%60 Bdgh Bdgh Sanga Elec. 10 300 310 0% 3% 0% 97%

61 Bdgh BdghGlobal Info PwrSol

100 20 180 300 33% 7% 0% 60%

62 Bdgh Bdgh

Powerpunj

Batteries 10 30 180 220 0% 5% 14% 82%63 Bdgh Bdgh Rahul Elec. 20 100 120 0% 17% 0% 83%64 Bdgh Bdgh B.S.Motors 20 700 500 1220 2% 57% 0% 41%

65 Bdgh Bdgh Jangra Battery150 300 50 600 1100 14% 27% 5% 55%

66 Bdgh Bdgh Shethi Elec. 55 10 65 85% 15% 0% 0%67 Bdgh Bdgh Friends Battery 1000 50 1050 0% 95% 0% 5%68 Bdgh Bdgh Harsh Battery 60 125 40 125 350 17% 36% 11% 36%69 Bdgh Bdgh Jagdamba Elec. 20 500 520 0% 4% 0% 96%70 Bdgh Bdgh Shetia Elec. 5 40 30 75 0% 7% 53% 40%71 Bdgh Bdgh Sunita Elect. 10 100 110 0% 9% 0% 91%

72 BdghShnkhol Indus Ent. 150 150 0% 0% 0%

100%

73 Beri Beri Naresh Battery 5 100 105 0% 5% 0% 95%74 Beri Beri Goshwami Elec. 10 100 110 0% 9% 0% 91%75 Beri Beri Kadyan Battery 10 10 35 55 18% 18% 0% 64%76 Beri Beri Gupta Elec. 20 30 30 200 280 7% 11% 11% 71%

77 Beri BeriRandhir AutoBattery 50 50 120 220 0% 23% 23% 55%

78 Beri Beri S.K. Elec. 5 30 35 0% 14% 0% 86%79 Beri Beri Prakash Elec. 10 60 50 120 0% 8% 50% 42%80 Beri Beri Renu Elec. 5 20 25 0% 20% 0% 80%81 Beri Beri N.K. Elec. 5 80 85 0% 6% 0% 94%82 Beri Beri Hansraj Light 5 10 15 0% 33% 0% 67%

83 Beri Beri Soni Elec.120 10 130 92% 8% 0% 0%

84 Beri JHJGH Dabas Battery 70 70 0% 0% 0%100

%


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74

85 Slws SLWS S.K.Elec. 5 55 60 0% 8% 0% 92%86 Slws SLWS Vikas Battery 25 10 60 95 26% 11% 0% 63%

87 Bdgh BBpnaLohchab PowerSol.

120 5 20 145 83% 3% 0% 14%

88

Mtnh

l Mtnhl Vikas Battery 20 20 20 70 130 15% 15% 15% 54%

89 Bdgh BadliShyam Elec.Palace 70 90 50 180 390 18% 23% 13% 46%

90 Bdgh Badli Guruji Elec. 50 25 50 300 425 12% 6% 12% 71%91 Bdgh Badli Rama Auto Elect. 15 190 205 0% 7% 0% 93%

92 Bdgh BadliKrisan AutoElect. 40 30 280 350 0% 11% 9% 80%

93 Bdgh Badli Neeraj Elec. 5 30 35 0% 14% 0% 86%

94 Bdgh BadliDinesh AutoElec. 10 80 90 0% 11% 0% 89%

95 Bdgh Badli Naveen Elec. 30 30 0% 0% 0%

100

%96 Bdgh Badli Pawan Elec. 10 50 60 0% 17% 0% 83%

97 Bdgh BadliMahmoodElectronic 90 90 0% 0% 0%

100

%

98 Bdgh Badli Bijendra Elect. 60 60 0% 0% 0%100

%

99 Bdgh Badli Rakesh Battery 40 40 0% 0% 0%100

%

100 BdghDdriToe

Sandeep AutoElect. 70 70 0% 0% 0%

100

%

101 Bdgh Badli

Akash Musik

Palace 35 35

100

% 0% 0% 0%102 JJR Kkmr Vikas Battery 40 10 50 100 40% 10% 0% 50%

103 BdghNnaMjra Vikky Elec. 10 150 160 0% 6% 0% 94%

104 BdghNnaMjra Yogi Hardware 30 5 30 65 46% 8% 0% 46%

105 JJR Digal Priya Engineering150 10 260 420 36% 2% 0% 62%

106 JJR Digal Ahlawat Elec. 10 50 70 130 0% 8% 38% 54%

107 BeriDbldhan

Chudhry AutoElect. 70 10 40 120 58% 8% 0% 33%

108 BdghDulhera

Deshwal AutoElect. 10 170 180 0% 6% 0% 94%

109 BdghDulhera

Mahaveer AutoElec 70 10 10 40 130 54% 8% 8% 31%

110 Bdgh Dbdh Vikas Battery 10 70 80 0% 13% 0% 88%

111 JJR CharaPankaj AutoElect. 20 10 85 115 17% 9% 0% 74%


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112 JJRMachroli Haryana Comm. 70 70 0% 0% 0%

100

%

113 JJRMachroli Krisan Hardware 70 70 0% 0% 0%

100

%

114 JJR

Machr

oli Haryana Battery 70 70 0% 0% 0%

100

%26

50 4800 2075

135

30

2305

5 11% 21% 9% 59%

MARKET POTENTIAL IN DISTRICT

JHAJJAR(HARYANA)

Invertor

S. N0.

Tahsil

/ Area

Locatio

n Dealer

Counter wise

Sales break up fy

09-10 (counter

Size)

Tota

l

Size

%

Lum

%

MT

K

%

OTHE

RS

Lu

m

MT

k

Othe

rs

Tota

l

1 Mtnhl Ch.Was Lohach Elec. 90 15 45 150 60% 10% 30%2 Mtnhl Ch.Was Monty Battery 70 15 85 0% 82% 18%3 Mtnhl Ch.Was Sibu Auto Elect. 30 15 45 0% 67% 33%4 Mtnhl Ch.Was Sharma Elec. 30 20 50 0% 60% 40%5 Mtnhl Ch.Was Shiv Elec. 30 20 50 0% 60% 40%6 Mtnhl Ch.Was Balaji Elec. 120 50 170 0% 71% 29%7 Mtnhl Ch.Was Harsh Elec. 80 15 95 84% 0% 16%8 Mtnhl Ch.Was Pawan Auto Elect. 15 30 45 0% 33% 67%9 Mtnhl Ch.Was Ganga Battery 15 25 40 0% 38% 63%

10 Mtnhl Ch.Was Samrat Vdcon Ent. 25 75 100 0% 25% 75%

11 Mtnhl Ch.Was Himansu Elect. Wrks 20 25 45 0% 44% 56%12 Mtnhl Ch.Was Sandeep auto Elect. 25 25 50 0% 50% 50%13 JJR JJR Shri Balaji Auto Elet. 35 35 0% 0% 100%

14JJR

JJR Kaushik Elect. 30 30100

% 0% 0%

15 JJR JJR Atul Ent. 120 150 70 340 35% 44% 21%16 JJR JJR Kumar Elec. 40 5 45 89% 11% 0%


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17 JJR JJR Virendra Ent. 300 300 0% 0% 100%18 JJR JJR Birla Ent. 75 25 100 75% 0% 25%19 JJR JJR Vinod Auto Str 40 15 25 80 50% 19% 31%20 JJR JJR J.B. Elec. 75 200 275 0% 27% 73%

21

JJR

JJR Bhadra Auto 50 50

100

% 0% 0%22 JJR JJR Shiv Battery 25 125 150 0% 17% 83%

23JJR

JJR Deepak Battery 50 50 0%100

% 0%

24 JJR JJR Haryana Battery 40 60 100 40% 0% 60%25 JJR JJR Ganesh Auto Elect. 15 15 30 0% 50% 50%26 JJR JJR Tara Ent. 20 230 250 0% 8% 92%27 JJR JJR JOON Invertors 30 40 70 0% 43% 57%28 JJR JJR Jai Auto Str 80 40 480 600 13% 7% 80%29 JJR JJR Rajendra Invertor 250 50 300 0% 83% 17%30 JJR JJR Dayal Elect. 30 30 60 0% 50% 50%31 JJR JJR Jangra Elect. 15 15 30 0% 50% 50%32 JJR JJR Chawala Elec. 250 50 300 0% 83% 17%

33JJR

JJR Shri Ram Elec. 40 40100

% 0% 0%

34 JJR JJR Jaiswal Auto Elect. 120 120 0% 0% 100%35 JJR JJR Kuldeep Auto Elect. 20 50 70 0% 29% 71%36 JJR JJR Ganesh Battery 20 100 900 1020 2% 10% 88%37 JJR Kblna Lucky Inv.&Bat. 10 15 25 0% 40% 60%38 Bdgh Bdgh Raman Battery 15 10 25 0% 60% 40%39 Bdgh Bdgh Raju Auto Elect.Wrks 20 30 20 70 29% 43% 29%

40 Bdgh Bdgh Jangra Elect. 25 25 0% 0% 100%41 Bdgh Bdgh Bawa Batteries 10 10 20 0% 50% 50%42 Bdgh Bdgh J.K. Elect. 10 100 110 0% 9% 91%43 Bdgh Bdgh Maharaja Elect. 5 10 15 0% 33% 67%44 Bdgh Bdgh United Sales Corp. 50 50 0% 0% 100%

45 Bdgh Bdgh Sabbarwal Genrater 50 50100

% 0% 0%

46 Bdgh Bdgh Gaur Inv.&Battery 70 20 90 0% 78% 22%

47 Bdgh Bdgh Kumar Elec. 80 80100

% 0% 0%

48 Bdgh Bdgh Batra Elec. 50 100 20170 29% 59% 12%49 Bdgh Bdgh Chugh Invertor 40 50 160 250 16% 20% 64%

50 Bdgh Bdgh Shethi Refrigeration 70 15 70 155 45% 10% 45%51 Bdgh Bdgh Poonia Battery 20 20 40 80 25% 25% 50%52 Bdgh Bdgh Sharma Elect. 0 0 10 10 0% 0% 100%53 Bdgh Bdgh Vishal Ent. 0 0 25 25 0% 0% 100%54 Bdgh Bdgh Jagdamba Traders 20 0 0 20 100 0% 0%


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%

55 Bdgh Bdgh Elcon Ent. 50 25 30 105 48% 24% 29%56 Bdgh Bdgh S.S. Elec. 30 0 35 65 46% 0% 54%57 Bdgh Bdgh Harison Services 70 0 150 220 32% 0% 68%

58 Bdgh Bdgh Panghal Invertor 20 0 0 20

100

% 0% 0%

59 Bdgh Bdgh Arya Traders 0 600 0 600 0%100

% 0%

60 Bdgh Bdgh Sanga Elec. 10 10 10 30 33% 33% 33%61 Bdgh Bdgh Global Info Pwr Sol 120 50 0 170 71% 29% 0%62 Bdgh Bdgh Powerpunj Batteries 25 200 20 245 10% 82% 8%63 Bdgh Bdgh Rahul Elec. 0 15 30 45 0% 33% 67%64 Bdgh Bdgh B.S.Motors 90 50 200 340 26% 15% 59%65 Bdgh Bdgh Jangra Battery 150 300 170 620 24% 48% 27%66 Bdgh Bdgh Shethi Elec. 35 25 0 60 58% 42% 0%67 Bdgh Bdgh Friends Battery 0 50 450 500 0% 10% 90%68 Bdgh Bdgh Harsh Battery 60 150 30 240 25% 63% 13%69 Bdgh Bdgh Jagdamba Elec. 0 0 600 600 0% 0% 100%70 Bdgh Bdgh Shetia Elec. 0 200 70 270 0% 74% 26%71 Bdgh Bdgh Sunita Elect. 0 10 10 20 0% 50% 50%72 Bdgh Shnkhol Indus Ent. 0 0 150 150 0% 0% 100%

73 Beri Beri Naresh Battery 50 0 0 50100

% 0% 0%

74 Beri Beri Goshwami Elec. 30 0 70 100 30% 0% 70%75 Beri Beri Kadyan Battery 15 40 0 55 27% 73% 0%76 Beri Beri Gupta Elec. 40 150 100 290 14% 52% 34%

77 Beri Beri Randhir Auto Battery 0 25 110 135 0% 19% 81%78 Beri Beri S.K. Elec. 0 30 10 40 0% 75% 25%79 Beri Beri Prakash Elec. 0 90 20 110 0% 82% 18%80 Beri Beri Renu Elec. 0 15 10 25 0% 60% 40%81 Beri Beri N.K. Elec. 0 40 15 55 0% 73% 27%82 Beri Beri Hansraj Light 0 10 5 15 0% 67% 33%

83 Beri Beri Soni Elec. 100 100100

% 0% 0%

84 Beri JHJGH Dabas Battery 20 10 30 0% 67% 33%85 Slws SLWS S.K.Elec. 10 25 35 0% 29% 71%

86 Slws SLWS Vikas Battery 25 5 35 65 38% 8% 54%87 Bdgh BBpna Lohchab Power Sol. 80 40 120 67% 33% 0%88 Mtnhl Mtnhl Vikas Battery 15 70 40 125 12% 56% 32%89 Bdgh Badli Shyam Elec. Palace 90 150 160 400 23% 38% 40%90 Bdgh Badli Guruji Elec. 80 70 170 320 25% 22% 53%91 Bdgh Badli Rama Auto Elect. 220 220 0% 0% 100%92 Bdgh Badli Krisan Auto Elect. 150 150 300 0% 50% 50%


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93 Bdgh Badli Neeraj Elec. 5 10 15 0% 33% 67%94 Bdgh Badli Dinesh Auto Elec. 70 70 0% 0% 100%95 Bdgh Badli Naveen Elec. 30 40 70 0% 43% 57%96 Bdgh Badli Pawan Elec. 20 50 70 0% 29% 71%97 Bdgh Badli Mahmood Electronic 30 80 110 0% 27% 73%

98 Bdgh Badli Bijendra Elect. 20 40 60 0% 33% 67%99 Bdgh Badli Rakesh Battery 30 20 50 0% 60% 40%

100 BdghDdriToe Sandeep Auto Elect. 30 50 80 0% 38% 63%

101 Bdgh Badli Akash Musik Palace 15 15100

% 0% 0%

102 JJR Kkmr Vikas Battery 30 30 30 90 33% 33% 33%

103 BdghNnaMjra Vikky Elec. 0 200 200 0% 0% 100%

104 BdghNnaMjra Yogi Hardware 35 40 75 47% 0% 53%

105 JJR Digal Priya Engineering 125 70 90 285 44% 25% 32%

106 JJR Digal Ahlawat Elec. 125 125 0%100

% 0%

107 Beri Dbldhan Chudhry Auto Elect. 80 20 100 80% 0% 20%108 Bdgh Dulhera Deshwal Auto Elect. 20 80 100 0% 20% 80%109 Bdgh Dulhera Mahaveer Auto Elec 70 30 20 120 58% 25% 17%110 Bdgh Dbdh Vikas Battery 20 20 40 0% 50% 50%111 JJR Chara Pankaj Auto Elect. 10 50 60 0% 17% 83%

112 JJRMachroli Haryana Comm. 30 30 0% 0% 100%

113 JJR Machroli Krisan Hardware 20 20 0% 0% 100%

114 JJRMachroli Haryana Battery 30 30 0% 0% 100%

259

5

489

0 7860

1534

5 17% 32% 51%


79/90


79

59 Percent of Dealers is Selling Other Brand Of Different Grade Like Su-Kam,Ace,Leader,Kaycee,VdconEtc.21 percent Are Selling Exide Batteries and 11 are Selling Luminous Batteries, on the other hand 9 percentof dealers are sellin Mikrotek Group Batteries is disst. JJR(Hrayana)

MARKET SHARE OF BATTERIES

11%

21%

9%59%

Luminous

Exide

Mtek Group

Other Brands


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80

From The Above chart luminous has got 17 percent market share and microtek has got 32 percent of market

share while on the other hand other brands like Su-kam & others b grade and local brands have got the 51

percent market share in the entire territory

17%

32%

51%

Luminous Mtek Group Other Brands

MARKET SHARE OF INVERTORS


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FINDINGS (BATTERY)

Market Share of other brands are more than total of all three brands shares

Exide Is have there Maket Shre Mostly In Urban Market

Microtek Group Batteries Are Preferable in that market where the rural market is

going to develop in to urban market

Luminous Batteries are Demanding In both area rural and urban areas

Luminous has good market share after Exide

FINDINGS (INVERTOR)

Market Share of other brands are Just Equal of all Two brands shares

Market Share of Microtek is just Double to the Luminous Market Share

This Chart showing that customer is perfering branded invertor

Microtek is preferable in rural market

Luminous is preferable in Urban Market


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82

SWOT ANALYSIS

The overall evaluation of a companys strengths, weaknesses, opportunity, and threats is called SWOT Analysi

External Environmental Analysis consists of Opportunity and Threats Analysis. A marketing opportunity is a

area of buyer need or potential interest in which a company can perform profitably.

An Environmental Threat is a challenge posed by an unfavorable trend or development that would lead, i

absence of defensive marketing action, to deterioration in sales or profit. Internal Environmental Analys

consists of Strength and Weakness Analysis.

STRENGTH

Luminous Is the oldest Brand in Indian market

Luminous Has Strong sales force

Luminous has wast range of products

Product of Luminous is much cheaper than Microtek

Luminous is the First Indian company in Invertor industry who Has Sachin Tendulkar a

brand ambassador

Luminous Has The biggest Plant in India for invertors

It has a team of new and dynamic Service Engineers who are devoted to organizational

goal.

Market coverage of company is better than other


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WEAKNESS

Luminous Scheme is not better than Microtek or exide Scheme

Product Quality is not Better than Mtek or Exide

Luminous is pioneer in battery Manufecturing

OPPORTUNITY

Luminous Can got Take the share of other brands

Luminous can go in to rural market to increase their market share

Hi-Capacity Invertors may sale in to the market

These days it is easy to get a Invertor and battery from the market

A new advanced version of Technology with user friendly and more features.

Luminous Has to provide customer-end service

THREATS

Various Invertor Manufacturing Companies are entering in to the market

Brand image of competitor in battery is high.

Customer Loyalty is very high against Exide


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84

CONCLUSION

The most of the institutes already have their website and they prefer DEMO CD.

Now the market of PHP is also picking up so now the company also developed website in PHP

instead of only ASP.

The popularity of any company depends on its advertisement and JT Web lacks in this.

It is having a cutting edge over its competitors in the field of GIS.

The company has bright future and it is due to the fact that there is boom in the IT sector.


85/90


85

SUGGESTIONS

Company has to develop sites for the clients in the ASP format and PHP format.

The institute wants customized software and it must be online.

Company has to provide admin password to their end user/customer with 1 year warrantee.

Demo CD becoming popular and many institutes want it. So company has to developed demo CD

with flash or dreamweaver or gif animator by appointing the qualified professional.

JT web should advertise about themselves via newspaper or electronic media because every institute

has internet and newspaper facility.

Research & development department should be in the company to know the technological

advancement.


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86

LIMITATIONS

Though the project gave us great knowledge about Information Technology, but there were some limitation or

restrictions which are as follow:-

The research was restricted to questionnaire.

The sample size was limited.

The study was limited to Delhi & NCR.

The main limitation of this project was the limitation of time.


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new sumit luminous project

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