new satellite capabilities impacting nws operations mike johnson, nws/ost nov 9, 2010

New Satellite Capabilities Impacting NWS OperationsNew Satellite Capabilities

Impacting NWS Operations

Mike Johnson, NWS/OST

Nov 9, 2010

Mike Johnson, NWS/OST

Nov 9, 2010

OverviewOverview

• Transformational Change within 5-10 yrs

– Factors driving change

• User Readiness

• Projected Timelines for Selected* New Satellite Capabilities

* selected in consideration of other NWS-enterprise changes


– Factors driving change

• User Readiness

• Projected Timelines for Selected* New Satellite Capabilities


Factors Driving ChangeFactors Driving Change• Operational Replacement of our GEO (GOES-R) & LEO

(NPP/JPSS/MetOP/GCOM) observing systems to begin within next 5 years

• International and Research Missions will become increasingly part of our satellite observing capabilities due to national budget limitations and a rapidly expanding global satellite capability

• This + other development drives huge increase in data volume & satellite observing capabilities

• NWS Strategic Vision has been redefined: Focused on Services and helping forecaster “manage” observations and model data with objective to:

– Warn-on-Forecast, Targeted Service Improvement (eg: aviation, huricane intensity, tornado lead time, etc.)

• IT Infrastructure redesign is underway, but is bandwidth constrained…data fusion, push-pull, cloud computing, will become a central theme to our transformed capabilities

• Operational Replacement of our GEO (GOES-R) & LEO (NPP/JPSS/MetOP/GCOM) observing systems to begin within next 5 years

• International and Research Missions will become increasingly part of our satellite observing capabilities due to national budget limitations and a rapidly expanding global satellite capability

• This + other development drives huge increase in data volume & satellite observing capabilities

• NWS Strategic Vision has been redefined: Focused on Services and helping forecaster “manage” observations and model data with objective to:

– Warn-on-Forecast, Targeted Service Improvement (eg: aviation, huricane intensity, tornado lead time, etc.)

• IT Infrastructure redesign is underway, but is bandwidth constrained…data fusion, push-pull, cloud computing, will become a central theme to our transformed capabilities

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Factors Driving ChangeData Rate Projections!

w/NPP

w/JPSS 1

w/GOES-R

w/JPSS 2

w/GOES-S

w/MPAR

Satellite User ReadinessNear-Term Challenges

Satellite User ReadinessNear-Term Challenges

• Bandwidth – How and what satellite products will be available to Users?

– Data Fusion – what & where are the data integration nodes?

– AWIPS II development

– How do requirements differ between WFO’s, Centers

– How do requirements differ regionally, seasonally, how to handle localized products

• Training – How do we prepare users for this explosion of data and implications to warning processes near term (Day-1)

• How do we systematically progress towards our strategic goal?

• Bandwidth – How and what satellite products will be available to Users?

– Data Fusion – what & where are the data integration nodes?

– AWIPS II development

– How do requirements differ between WFO’s, Centers

– How do requirements differ regionally, seasonally, how to handle localized products

• Training – How do we prepare users for this explosion of data and implications to warning processes near term (Day-1)

• How do we systematically progress towards our strategic goal?

Projected Timelines / Impact for New Satellite Capabilities

(Selected Cross-Section)



1. 2011 Merged Soil Moisture Product using JAXA GCOM / AMSR-E; EUMETSAT/ MetOP / ASCAT, and CNES / SMOS

– Impacts: Will be used as input into NWP at NCEP

– Improvements expected to Land Surface Model >> improved boundary layer temperature and moisture analysis and prediction.

– Improved water resources (flooding/drought) – fire weather – BL forecasting

1. 2011 Merged Soil Moisture Product using JAXA GCOM / AMSR-E; EUMETSAT/ MetOP / ASCAT, and CNES / SMOS

– Impacts: Will be used as input into NWP at NCEP

– Improvements expected to Land Surface Model >> improved boundary layer temperature and moisture analysis and prediction.

– Improved water resources (flooding/drought) – fire weather – BL forecasting





2. NASA SAC-D-Aquarius (launch ~Jan 2011)

– Orbit: sun-synchronous LEO

– Instruments of Interest / Operational Use: ROSA GPS RO / global temperature / moisture sounding. Assimilated into Global NWP along with other GPS RO will improve mid-long range models.

3. ISRO / CNES Megha Tropiques (launch ~Jan 2011)

– Orbit : non-sun-synchronous LEO : low inclination Tropical 20S-20N

– Instruments of Interest / Operational Use: MADRAS- integrated water vapor, cloud liquid water, convective rain areas: SAPHIR- cloud free water vapor; ROSA- GPS RO (global temperature / moisture sounding) Improved NWP over tropics…tropical storm observations.

2. NASA SAC-D-Aquarius (launch ~Jan 2011)

– Orbit: sun-synchronous LEO

– Instruments of Interest / Operational Use: ROSA GPS RO / global temperature / moisture sounding. Assimilated into Global NWP along with other GPS RO will improve mid-long range models.

3. ISRO / CNES Megha Tropiques (launch ~Jan 2011)

– Orbit : non-sun-synchronous LEO : low inclination Tropical 20S-20N

– Instruments of Interest / Operational Use: MADRAS- integrated water vapor, cloud liquid water, convective rain areas: SAPHIR- cloud free water vapor; ROSA- GPS RO (global temperature / moisture sounding) Improved NWP over tropics…tropical storm observations.





4. NASA NPP (launch ~Oct 2011)

– Orbit: sun-synchronous LEO, 1330 LST equatorial crossing

– Instruments of Interest / Operational Use: CrIS, ATMS, VIIRS, OMPS. Higher resolution radiances (temp/moisture) assimilated into NWP. High resolution imagery MODIS-like available in AWIPS. Multitude of improved and new products.

5. EUMETSAT (ESA) MeTOP B (launch ~Apr 2012)


– Instruments of Interest / Operational Use: AVHRR, MHS, HIRS, AMSU-A, ASCAT, GRAS / Assimilation into NWP…challenges with fully exploiting IASI. ASCAT provides Ocean Surface Vector Wind measurements + other capabilities. Use of AVHRR imagery in mid-morning possible if NWS IT bandwidth available.

4. NASA NPP (launch ~Oct 2011)


– Instruments of Interest / Operational Use: CrIS, ATMS, VIIRS, OMPS. Higher resolution radiances (temp/moisture) assimilated into NWP. High resolution imagery MODIS-like available in AWIPS. Multitude of improved and new products.

5. EUMETSAT (ESA) MeTOP B (launch ~Apr 2012)


– Instruments of Interest / Operational Use: AVHRR, MHS, HIRS, AMSU-A, ASCAT, GRAS / Assimilation into NWP…challenges with fully exploiting IASI. ASCAT provides Ocean Surface Vector Wind measurements + other capabilities. Use of AVHRR imagery in mid-morning possible if NWS IT bandwidth available.





6. JAXA GCOM-W1 (launch ~2012)


– Instruments of Interest / Operational Use: AMSR-2 / Impacts to NWP. Part of the JPSS data stream.

7. ESA ADM Aeolis (launch ~2012)


– Instruments of Interest / Operational Use: ALADIN / 2-D Lidar Wind Profile. Impacts to NWP. Risk reduction for advanced 3-D Lidar.

8. ISRO ScatSAT (OSCAT-2) – Proposed (launch ~2012)

– Orbit: sun synchronous LEO, TBD equatorial crossing

– Instruments of interest: Ku-Band Scatterometer (Potential QuikSCAT-like)

6. JAXA GCOM-W1 (launch ~2012)


– Instruments of Interest / Operational Use: AMSR-2 / Impacts to NWP. Part of the JPSS data stream.

7. ESA ADM Aeolis (launch ~2012)


– Instruments of Interest / Operational Use: ALADIN / 2-D Lidar Wind Profile. Impacts to NWP. Risk reduction for advanced 3-D Lidar.

8. ISRO ScatSAT (OSCAT-2) – Proposed (launch ~2012)

– Orbit: sun synchronous LEO, TBD equatorial crossing

– Instruments of interest: Ku-Band Scatterometer (Potential QuikSCAT-like)





9. CMA FY-3C (launch ~2012)

– Orbit: sun-synchronous LEO; Morning equatorial crossing

– Instruments of interest / Operational Use: MERSI, MWTS, MWHS, MWRI, IRAS, VIRR, TOU / Impact to NWP. No current plans to use VIRR in NWS operations.

10. NASA / JAXA GPM-Core (launch ~Jul 2013)

– Orbit: non-sun-synchronous LEO; 65 deg inclination

– Instruments of interest / Operational Use: DPR, GMI / Global Precipitation Map available after about 3.5 hours after observation (for full constellation…up to 7 satellites). Related…Megha-Tropiques and GPM-constellation. Impacts to hurricane and flood forecasting .

9. CMA FY-3C (launch ~2012)


– Instruments of interest / Operational Use: MERSI, MWTS, MWHS, MWRI, IRAS, VIRR, TOU / Impact to NWP. No current plans to use VIRR in NWS operations.

10. NASA / JAXA GPM-Core (launch ~Jul 2013)

– Orbit: non-sun-synchronous LEO; 65 deg inclination

– Instruments of interest / Operational Use: DPR, GMI / Global Precipitation Map available after about 3.5 hours after observation (for full constellation…up to 7 satellites). Related…Megha-Tropiques and GPM-constellation. Impacts to hurricane and flood forecasting .





11. NOAA JPSS1 (launch ~Mar 2014)

– Orbit: sun synchronous LEO, 1330 LST equatorial crossing

– See NPP + host of new products and reduced data latency (~60 mins)

12. NASA / JAXA GPM-Constellation (launch ~Various 2014)

‒ Orbit: non-sun-synchronous LEO,

‒ Instruments of interest / Operational Use GMI / See GPM Core and Megha-Tropiques. Impacts to hurricane and flood forecasting .

11. NOAA JPSS1 (launch ~Mar 2014)

– Orbit: sun synchronous LEO, 1330 LST equatorial crossing

– See NPP + host of new products and reduced data latency (~60 mins)

12. NASA / JAXA GPM-Constellation (launch ~Various 2014)

‒ Orbit: non-sun-synchronous LEO,

‒ Instruments of interest / Operational Use GMI / See GPM Core and Megha-Tropiques. Impacts to hurricane and flood forecasting .





13. NASA SMAP (launch ~Nov 2014)

– Orbit: sun-synchronous LEO; 1800 LST equatorial crossing

– Instruments of interest / Operational Use: L-Band Radar . Impact to land surface model…improving NWP. Improved boundary layer temperature and moisture analysis and prediction.

14. CMA FY3D (launch ~Dec 2014)

– Orbit: sun-synchronous LEO; Afternoon equatorial crossing

– Instruments of interest / Operational Use: MERSI, MWTS, MWHS, MWRI, IHSAS vs IRAS, GRO. Impacts to NWP.

13. NASA SMAP (launch ~Nov 2014)


– Instruments of interest / Operational Use: L-Band Radar . Impact to land surface model…improving NWP. Improved boundary layer temperature and moisture analysis and prediction.

14. CMA FY3D (launch ~Dec 2014)

– Orbit: sun-synchronous LEO; Afternoon equatorial crossing

– Instruments of interest / Operational Use: MERSI, MWTS, MWHS, MWRI, IHSAS vs IRAS, GRO. Impacts to NWP.





15. NOAA GOES-R (launch ~Oct 2015)

– Orbit: GEO; TBD longitude (E or W)

– Instruments of interest / Operational Use: ABI, GLM / New ERA of high resolution low latency imagery…total lightning from space. Multitude of improved and new products.

16. JAXA GCOM / W2 (launch ~Dec 2016)


– Instruments of interest / Operational Use: AMSR-2, Possible DFS / Impacts to NWP, used as part of the JPSS system. DFS is possible next-generation Ocean Surface Vector Winds capability.

15. NOAA GOES-R (launch ~Oct 2015)

– Orbit: GEO; TBD longitude (E or W)

– Instruments of interest / Operational Use: ABI, GLM / New ERA of high resolution low latency imagery…total lightning from space. Multitude of improved and new products.

16. JAXA GCOM / W2 (launch ~Dec 2016)


– Instruments of interest / Operational Use: AMSR-2, Possible DFS / Impacts to NWP, used as part of the JPSS system. DFS is possible next-generation Ocean Surface Vector Winds capability.





17. CMA FY3E (launch ~2016)


– Instruments of interest / Operational Use: MERSI, MWTS, MWHS, SWMR, IHSAS, GRO, Impacts to NWP. Possible next generation Ocean Surface Vector Winds.

17. CMA FY3E (launch ~2016)


– Instruments of interest / Operational Use: MERSI, MWTS, MWHS, SWMR, IHSAS, GRO, Impacts to NWP. Possible next generation Ocean Surface Vector Winds.

SummarySummary• Transformational Change within 5-10 yrs

– Growing Bandwidth

– More and improved Sensors

• User Readiness

– Planning for IT-growth and impact to Forecast Office

– Strategic Vision: Data Integration, Decision Support Focus

– Training

• Selected New Satellite Capabilities



– Growing Bandwidth

– More and improved Sensors

• User Readiness

– Planning for IT-growth and impact to Forecast Office

– Strategic Vision: Data Integration, Decision Support Focus

– Training

• Selected New Satellite Capabilities


Discussion / Questions?Discussion / Questions?

new satellite capabilities impacting nws operations mike johnson, nws/ost nov 9, 2010

Documents

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global nwp

transformed capabilities

model data

synchronous leo instruments