Publications

New NMFS ScientificReports Published

The publications listed below may beavailable from either the Superintendentof Documents, U.S. Government Print-ing Office, Washington, DC 20402, orfrom the National Technical InformationService, u.s. Department of Commerce,SpringfJeld, VA 22151. Writing to theagency prior to ordering is advisable todetermine availability and price, whereappropriate (prices may change and pre-payment is required).

NOAA Technical Report NMFS Cir-cular 442. Sindermann, Carl 1. (editor).

Progress in FisheriesTechnology, Utilization

"Nahrung aus dem Meer," subtitled inEnglish "Food from the Sea," and pub-lished by Springer- Verlag, Berlin, WestGermany, is a collection of interestingand useful papers from an internationalsymposium of the same title held inBremerhaven in October 1980. Editor isHorst Noelle.

Nine of the nineteen papers are inEnglish; the rest are in German. In theEnglish-language papers, Z. S. Karnickiof FAO reviews the effects of EEZ's onworld fish production, R. Young of Scot-land reviews their experiences in net-penrearing of Atlantic salmon, and musselprotein values, their variation, and stud-ies on a mussel protein concentrate arereported by G. Varela of Spain.

H. Kunachowicz of Poland details thenutritive values of krill and its possiblerole in human nutrition. Problems inanimal feeding studies with krill productsare related and further research is rec-

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"Proceedings of the Sixth U.S.-JapanMeeting on Aquaculture, Santa Barbara,California, August 27.28, 1977." March1982, iii -I- 66 p. (5 papers.)

NOAA Technical Report NMFS Cir-cular 443. Palko, Barbara Jayne, GrantL. Beardsley, and William J. Richards."Synopsis of the biological data on dol·phinfishes, Coryphaena hippurus Lin-naeus and Coryphaena equiselis Lin-naeus." April 1982 iv -I- 28 p., 15 figs.,10 tables.

(No abstract.)

ommended before introducing krill intothe human diet.

Constituents of commercial and in-dustrially important algae are discussedby W. Becker of Germany. Likewise, theuse of seaweeds in human food andmedicine in Japan is reviewed by S.Matsuzaki and K. Iwamura. H. M. Sin-clair reviews the possible importance ofa fish diet in preventing several chronicdegenerative diseases, stressing thatmuch further research is needed. Con-taminants (i.e., mercury, PCB's, etc.) infish and their monitoring in the UnitedKingdom are briefly described by A. W.Hubbard. 1. 1. Connell et al. examinepotentially hazardous substances(PNAH, CP, COD) in smoked fish prod-ucts.

Papers in German review the limits ofmarine food production; fisheries andnutrition investigations; location, catch-ing, and processing of krill; rat- krillfeeding studies with particular referenceto fluoride; underutilized species; fish inthe human diet; fish nutrition, cardio-

NOAA Technical Report NMFSSSRF-752. Lux, F. E., and F. E. Nichy."Movements of tagged summer flounder,Paralichthys dentatus, off southern NewEngland." December 1981. 16 p.

ABSTRACT

A total of 2,839 summer flounder weretagged on outer continental shelf andcoastal grounds off southern New Englandin 1961-62. Tag recaptures showed themigration to offshore grounds in fall andwinter and to inshore areas in spring andsummer. Recaptures from coastal groundswere recorded from northern New Jerseyto south of Cape Cod; those from outershelf grounds were from Baltimore Canyonon the southwest to Veatch Canyon on thenortheast. The overall tag return rate was21.2 percent; however, the returns frominshore tagging (44.5 percent) were muchhigher than those from offshore releases(8.4 percent), suggesting that tagging mor-tality was higher offshore.

NOAA Technical Report NMFSSSRF-753. Low, R. A., Jr., and S. B.Mathews. "Factors influencing oceancatches of salmon, Oncorhynchus spp.,

vascular illness, and serum cholesterol;handling biological wastes, and toxicsubstances (PCB's, pesticides, heavymetals, etc.) in marine species.

The 260-page small-format(61hX91h") paperbound volume is avail-able from the publisher at DM78 (about$37.20, subject to change).

Publication of "Trends in Fish Utili-zation" by 1. 1. Connell and R. Hardy, aBuckland Foundation book, has beenannounced by Fishing News Books Ltd.,1 Long Garden Walk, Farnham, Surrey,England. Much of the world's marineprotein is not fully utilized and the au-thors, director and assistant director,respectively, of the Torry Research Sta-tion, drawing on their own research,discuss how these raw materials mightbe exploited more effectively by theUnited Kingdom.

Following a brief introduction, theauthors review in chapter 2 a number offishery resources either unused or un-

Marine Fisheries Review

off Washington and Vancouver Island."January 1982.12 p.

ABSTRACT

The relative influence of various factorson ocean fishing success was evaluated forpink, Oncorhynchuslorbuscha, chinook,0. tshawytscha, an coho, 0. kisutch,salmon off Washington and VancouverIsland. In addition, an evaluation was madeof the practicality of predictive models forocean catch. For each species, predictiveregression equations were developed andtheir reliabilIty evaluated in terms of theaverage percentage error of predictedcatches from actual catches.

Pink salmon catches were significantlycorrelated with indices of brood year abun-dance and the average individual weight offish caught in terminal areas during thebrood year. Average error of predictedcatches ranged upward of ± 25 percent.Success for chinook salmon in year i washighly associated with Columbia Riverhatcliery releases of fall brood year groupsi - 3 and i - 4, Canadian purse seinecatches of immature chinook salmon inCanadian area 20 during August of year i- I, and troll catch per effort during thefall of year i-I. Washington troll and

derused in the United Kingdom: Im-ported white fish (South African hakes,Alaska pollock, and Pacific cod), Atlan-tic mackerel, sprat, pilchards, crabs, bluewhiting, scad, deepwater species (blueling, grenadiers, black scabbard, andsmall sharks), dabs, mussels, squid, othershellfish (cockles, periwinkles, andwhelks), Norway pout, sandeels, Argen-tines and silvery pout, Antarctic species(krill and various fishes), and recoveredfish flesh.

Development of conventional fishproducts is reviewed in chapter 3-can-ning is believed to hold the most promisefor U.K. expansion. Chapter 4 presentsmore recent developments and products:Laminated small-fillet blocks, kamabo-ko, moulded fillets, deboned flesh, fishprotein concentrate, fish flour, etc. Afinal chapter discusses the problems inmarketing fish and fishery products(pricing, marketing patterns, consumerattitudes, etc.). The authors also presentestimates for potential U.K. increases infishery utilization, providing the proper

June-July 1982, 44(6-7)

sport catches of chinook salmon were alsosignificantly correlated with the amount ofnominal fishing effort. Coho salmoncatches were significantly associated withlevel of fishing effort, indices of brood yearabundance of Columbia River wild cohosalmon, and Columbia River jack returnsthe preceding year. The average error ofpredicted annual troll coho salmon catchesoff the central Washington coast was ± 15percent for 1966-75.

NOAA Technical Report NMFSSSRF-754. Smith, Gary B., and RichardG. Bakkala. "Demersal fish resources ofthe eastern Bering Sea: Spring 1976."March 1982, vii + 129 p.

ABSTRACT

During the spring of 1976, 683 ottertrawl samples were collected within anarea of 337,930 km 2 in the second of twobaseline surveys designed to describe char-acteristics of Bering Sea demersal fish andshellfish populations.

Climatic conditions during the spring1976 survey were anomalously cold, af-fecting both the pattern of trawl samplingand the apparent distributions of fish pop-

technologies and conditions are met. The106-page paper bound, small-format(51!2X8J/2") book costs £6 plus 60 P post-age and is available from the publisher.

"Proceedings of the Sixth AnnualTropical and Subtropical Fisheries Tech-nological Conference of the Americastcompiled by Ranzell Nickelson II, againpresents a wide range of reports for thefishery technologist. Papers, edited bytheir respective authors, range from re-views of Guatemala's fisheries and factorsinfluencing Asian shrimp quality to aPhilippine fish market, the status of sea-food technology in Venezuela, aquacul-ture in Mexico, shrimp mariculture,waste management rules in southernseafood industries, Louisiana's crawfishindustry, and an evaluation of alligatormeat.

Many of the papers contributed at theconference on 20- 23 April 1981 dealtwith shrimp: Marketability in SouthCarolina restaurants; effect of water,

ulations. During April and May, winterpack ice still covered 50-75 percent of thestudy area. Most demersal fish populationswere distributed in deep water along theouter continental shelf where bottom watertemperatures were warmest. At least twospecies populations showed extensivemigrations.

A total of 78 fish species distributedamong 22 families was recorded duringthe 1976 survey. The overall apparent meandensity of demersal fish was 12.3 t/km2 ofwhich pleuronectids accounted for 67.8percent, gadids 18.8 percent, and cottids8.7 percent. Specific regions of highestfish densities were the outer continentalshelf between St. George and UnimakIslands, directly west of St. Paul Island,and the central shelf area between CapeNewenham and Port Moller.

Comparisons between results of the first(August-October 1975) and second (April-June 1976) surveys were interpreted asrepresenting seasonal extremes. During thesurvey of August-October 1975, apparentlylarge-scale migratory movements hadended and the demersal fish populationswere in late summer distributional patterns.Geographical ranges were generally broadand many species extended into BristolBay. During the survey of April-June 1976,demersal fish populations were apparently

bisulfite, and hypochlorite rinses on mi-crobial flora; rapid determination ofdecomposition; indole formation; dif-ferentiation of frozen-thawed and freshshrimp; purification of phenoloxidasefrom Gulf shrimp; quality changes duringiced storage of whole freshwater prawns;and more.

Other papers discuss seafood qualityimprovement, processing variables af-fecting color development in smokedmullet, optimization of drying conditionsfor stockfish produced from underutil-ized fish, quantitation of histamine intuna using an enzyme affinity assay,development of an enzyme affinity assayfor seafood products, Mississippi seafoodprocessing economics, developing U.S.midwest markets for Gulf and southAtlantic seafoods, and more.

Copies of the proceedings, TAMU-SG-82-101, are available from the pub-lisher, Marine Information Service, SeaGrant College Program, Texas A&MUniversity, College Station, TX 77843,for $10 each.

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sampled during a period of transition fromlate winter to early summer distributions.Compared to August-October 1975, spe-cies ranges were restricted more to deepwater, although some populations wereinitiating migrations across the continentalshelf.

NOAA Technical Report NMFSSSRF-755. Scarlett, Paul G. "Annotatedbibliography and subject index on thesummer flounder, Para/ichthys dentatus."March 1982, iii + 12 p.

ABSTRACT

An annotated bibliography and subjectindex for 114 references are presented onthe identity, distribution, life history,ecology, behavior, exploitation, and pop-ulation dynamics of the summer flounder,Paralichthys dentatus.

NOAA Technical Report NMFSSSRF-756. McHugh, 1. L., Marjorie W.Sumner, Paul 1. Flagg, Douglas W. Lip-ton, and William 1. Behrens. "Annotatedbibliography of the hard clam (Mercen-aria mercenarial." March 1982, iii +845p.

(No abstract.)

The Pacific Halibutand Its Fishery

"The Pacific Halibut, The Resourceand the Fishery" by F. Heward Bell,published by Alaska Northwest Publish-ing, Box 4- EEE, Anchorage, AK 99509,provides an excellent review of the bi-ology, history, and economics of the spe-cies and the halibut industry. Bell, retired,was director of the International PacificHalibut Commission.

Chapter 1 reviews the common andscientific names of the halibut and re-lated species. The author believes thatthere is "little basis" for designating theAtlantic and Pacific halibut as separatespecies. Indian and commercial halibutfisheries are examined in chapter 2 whilethe sport fishery is discussed in chapter15. Other chapters review fishing meth-ods (dory fishing, longlining, netting),preservation methods, internationalagreements affecting halibut fisheries,the halibut commission and its research,and brief biographies of people involved

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in halibut fisheries, research, and man-agement.

Likewise, halibut ports and landingsare reviewed, as is the origin of halibutcatches, the halibut industry and itseconomics, incidentally caught halibut,halibut marketing, etc. An "overview"chapter gives brief data on significantevents and discoveries in the Pacifichalibut fisheries.

The large format (8'hX11") volumehas 267 pages. is indexed, provides abibliography, and is well illustrated withover 300 photographs. Historians, fish-ermen, and biologists with an interest inthis species will find the volume useful.It is available from the publisher in eithersoftcover at $19.95 or hardbound at$24.95.

The McKernan Lectures:OCS Development andExtended Fishery Zones

The McKernan Lectures were estab-lished at the University of Washington,Seattle, in memory of Donald L. McKer-nan, first Director of the University'sInstitute for Marine Studies. Third inthis series is "Extended National FisheriesJurisdiction, Palliative or Panacea?" byRoy I. Jackson, former Assistant DirectorGeneral (Fisheries) of the Food andAgriculture Organization, and beforethat Director, International North PacificFisheries Commission.

Jackson briefly reviews the beginningsof extended fisheries jurisdiction and itscurrent status and effect on marine fish-eries. Today, he says, nearly all marinefishery resources are under one or morenational jurisdictions. He then outlineswhat extended jurisdiction means to suchnations as Mauritania, Oman, and Can-ada, and to fisheries in the western andnortheast Pacific Ocean. A summaryreflects the author's views on world fish-eries: Why fishery zone extensions hap-pened so quickly, the need for regionalinternational arrangements, and thatgood management of an exclusive fishingzone may entail more costs than itsowner or its users or its resources cansupport. More than a palliative but lessthan a panacea, the author sees extended

fisheries jurisdiction as having removedbut one unknown from the complex anddifficult equation of fisheries develop-ment.

The fourth lecture, "Balancing Un-knowns, A Decade of Controversy AboutDeveloping the Outer Continental Shelf,"was presented by H. William Menard,former director of the U.S. GeologicalSurvey and now professor of geology atScripps Institution of Oceanography, LaJolla, Calif.

Menard reviews industry, scientific,and public interest in the developmentof OCS resources, the state of scientificinformation on OCS resources, eco-nomic benefits, and environmental costs,and discusses such controversial issuesof the 1970's as on- structure drilling,leasing schedules and procedures, etc.He. concludes that OCS development"has the potential of helping solve ournational energy problem with a smallerrisk to the environment than any com-parable alternative."

Both lectures, interesting and thoughtprovoking discussions of timely marinetopics, are available at $3.00 each fromWashington Sea Grant Communications,3716 Brooklyn Ave. N.E., Seattle, WA98105.

A Handbookfor Fishermen

The fourth edition of "The Fisher-man's Manual" has been compiled,edited, and updated by the staff of WorldFishing. The first 9 chapters are devotedprimarily to trawlers, trawling, and re-lated deck activities. Additional chaptersdeal with seine netting, purse seining,ring netting, fishing with light, set netting,line fishing (pole, troll, jigging, longlin-ing), shellfishing, finding fish, care of thecatch, deck machinery, ropes, knots andnet mending, and handling the vessel.Well illustrated with drawings and pho-tographs, the volume is a handy refer-ence. The large-format (81/4Xl11hinches), 122-page softcover handbook isavailable from IPC Business Press (S&D)Ltd., Sundry Sales Department, Quad-rant House, The Quadrant, Sutton, Sur-rey, England SM2 5AS for £10.

Marine Fisheries Review