NAVAIR Wiring System Initiatives

Presented By: Pall B. ArnasonAAIPT and Wiring Systems Branch (AIR-4.4.4.3)

Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD

Naval Air Naval Air Systems TeamSystems Team

NAVAIR Wiring NAVAIR Wiring Systems Systems TeamTeam

NAVAIR Wiring Systems BranchAIR-4.4.4.3

Mr. Wayne BoblittBranch Manager

Engineering Development and SupportAIR-4.4.4.1

Technical Support & Environmental EvaluationAIR-4.4.4.2

Electrical Power Systems DivisionAIR-4.4.4

Propulsion and Power DepartmentAIR-4.4

Aircraft Wiring Support Equipment CommodityAIR-4.8.1.7

Mr. Bob HubbardTeam Leader

Avionics SupportabilityAIR-4.8.1.7

SE and ALRE Systems EngineeringAIR-4.8.1

Support Equipment and ALREAIR-4.8

Research and Engineering GroupAIR-4.0

Aging Aircraft IPT AIR-4.1D

Collaboration

We Are Responsible For Three ThingsWe Are Responsible For Three Things

1. We Ensure That the Fleet and the OEMs Get Good PartsØ Maintain Quality Parts Lists (Suppliers) Backed up by Testing.Ø Maintaining and Transitioning Specifications

2. We Ensure Adequate Wiring System Designs and InstallationsØ Assess New Aircraft Wiring Installations As Well As Third Party ModificationsØ Evaluate Installations for SOF, Workmanship, Performance and Maintenance

IssuesØ Review Flight Clearance RequestsØ Aging Wiring System AssessmentsØ Quantify Risk and Recommend Solutions and Options

3. We Ensure That Aircraft Wiring Systems Are Maintained ProperlyØ Ensure That Fleet Gets Proper TrainingØ Ensure That Wiring Maintenance Manuals Are up to DateØ Ensure That Proper Tooling is AvailableØ Ensure That Technology Solutions Meet Fleet Needs

Wiring IssuesWiring IssuesWhy Should You Care About Wiring Systems?Why Should You Care About Wiring Systems?

Ø An Indispensable SystemAn Indispensable System

ØØ Impacts Safety and Mission ReadinessImpacts Safety and Mission Readiness

ØØ High Cost Of False Equipment Removals High Cost Of False Equipment Removals

ØØ Complexity and Density Is IncreasingComplexity and Density Is Increasing

ØØ Experiences Aging EffectsExperiences Aging Effects

•• Safety DegraderSafety Degrader

•• Readiness DegraderReadiness Degrader

•• Millions Of MMHMillions Of MMH

•• Escalating CostEscalating Cost

NAVAIR Wiring NAVAIR Wiring Systems IssuesSystems Issues

What Does Our Data Tell Us?What Does Our Data Tell Us?

ØØ Chafing Conditions Are A Primary Factor In A Large Chafing Conditions Are A Primary Factor In A Large Percentage Of Our Wiring System Related Safety IssuesPercentage Of Our Wiring System Related Safety Issues

ØØ We Are Experiencing At Least Two Electrical Fires Per MonthWe Are Experiencing At Least Two Electrical Fires Per Month

ØØ Intermittent Failures And Anomalies And Faulty Components Intermittent Failures And Anomalies And Faulty Components Are Costing Us Millions In False Equipment RemovalsAre Costing Us Millions In False Equipment Removals

ØØ Maintenance ManMaintenance Man--hours Per Flight Hour Are Increasing As hours Per Flight Hour Are Increasing As Our Aircraft AgeOur Aircraft Age

ØØ Polyimide Wiring Continues To Be An Issue (PPolyimide Wiring Continues To Be An Issue (P--3, EA3, EA--6B, And 6B, And CC--2 Have Targeted Rewiring Programs)2 Have Targeted Rewiring Programs)

ØØ Corrosion Continues To Plague Our Wiring SystemsCorrosion Continues To Plague Our Wiring Systems

Wiring Wiring -- QPL and QPL and SpecificationsSpecifications

• Goal - Stop discrepant parts for reaching our fleet - 20-29% of wiring components submitted to our QPL process do not comply with the governing specifications.

• NAVAIR maintains 38 Wiring Product QPLs covering contacts, connectors, wires, terminals, tools, circuit breakers …

• Cost Avoidance ($1.3M/year saves at least $8.9M/year)

• NAVAIR maintained MIL-W-5088, which is now an industry document (AS50881)

• NAVAIR participates in industry specification groups

Concern: Lower Surveillance Levels may allow Discrepant Parts to Reach Fleet.

There has been a reported 250% increase in GIDEPs.

• Example Payoffs: Prevented Arc Tracking Wire ($100+M savings) and Smoking Wire from reaching fleet. Issued 93 failure letters from 1997-1999..

AIRAIR--4.4.4 Airworthiness 4.4.4 Airworthiness ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities

As Part of the Flight Clearance Process AIR-4.4.4 Typically Performs or Reviews:

• Load Analysis (Load vs. Source)

• Power Quality Assessment (MIL-STD-704)

• Wiring and Interconnect System Design Review (Governing Specifications)

Support Elements

Ø Participate in Technical Meetings, Design Reviews, Working Groups and IPT Meetings

Ø Provide Technical Advice on State-of-the-Art Processes and Materials

Ø Review Proposed Wiring and Interconnect System Design and Implementation

Ø Interpret Specifications and Standards

Ø Review Conversion of Military Specifications/Standards to Performance Specifications and Industry Standards

Ø Invoke Lessons Learned During Engineering Reviews

Ø Wiring Metrics Program

Support ElementsSupport Elements

Ø Participate in Technical Meetings, Design Reviews, Working GroupParticipate in Technical Meetings, Design Reviews, Working Groups s and IPT Meetingsand IPT Meetings

ØØ Provide Technical Advice on StateProvide Technical Advice on State--ofof--thethe--Art Processes and MaterialsArt Processes and Materials

ØØ Review Proposed Wiring and Interconnect System Design and Review Proposed Wiring and Interconnect System Design and ImplementationImplementation

ØØ Interpret Specifications and Standards Interpret Specifications and Standards

ØØ Review Conversion of Military Specifications/Standards to Review Conversion of Military Specifications/Standards to Performance Specifications and Industry Standards Performance Specifications and Industry Standards

ØØ Invoke Lessons Learned During Engineering ReviewsInvoke Lessons Learned During Engineering Reviews

ØØ Wiring Metrics Program Wiring Metrics Program

AIRAIR--4.4.4 Airworthiness 4.4.4 Airworthiness ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities

Ø Detailed Review of Wiring and Interconnect System• Drawing Review

• Material Selection

• Electrical Circuit Protection

• Wiring Terminations and Connectors

• Bonding, Grounding and Shielding

• Required Separation From Structures, Tubing, Mechanical Systems and Redundant Circuits

• Identification of Wiring and Equipment

• Consistency in Installations

• Design Implementation

• Aging Wiring Material Condition

• Training

• Risk Assessment

ØØ Detailed Review of Wiring and Interconnect SystemDetailed Review of Wiring and Interconnect System• Drawing Review

• Material Selection

• Electrical Circuit Protection

• Wiring Terminations and Connectors

• Bonding, Grounding and Shielding

• Required Separation From Structures, Tubing, Mechanical Systems and Redundant Circuits

• Identification of Wiring and Equipment

• Consistency in Installations

• Design Implementation

• Aging Wiring Material Condition

• Training

• Risk Assessment

AIRAIR--4.4.4 Airworthiness 4.4.4 Airworthiness ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities

Aging Aircraft Wiring OptionsAging Aircraft Wiring Options

• Do Nothing

• Incorporate Risk Mitigation Technologies and Techniques

• Partial Rewire w/ Mitigation

• Full Rewire

• Full Rewire w/ Proactive Mitigation

TRAINING

Quantify Impact

4.1D/3.4Baseline

4.4.4Technical Training Deficiency

Develop Survey Baseline3.4/4.4.4

Fleet Surveys

NAVWAG

Map Issues

4.4.4/4.2/3.4Analyze Data(Nalda/MTTR/HMRs)

3.4/4.4.4

Aug OctSep Nov Dec Jan Feb

Recommendation(s)

MTRR/Course Review

Roadmap For Navy Training ModelRoadmap For Navy Training Model

Hazardous Risk MatrixHazardous Risk MatrixCATASTROPHIC (1) CRITICAL (2) MARGINAL (3) NEGLIGIBLE (4)

FREQUENT (A) = or > 100/100K flt hrs

1 3 7 13PROBABLE (B)

10-99/100K flt hrs 2 5 9 16OCCASIONAL (C) 1.0-9.9/100K flt hrs 4 6 11 18

REMOTE (D) 0.1-0.99/100K flt hrs 8 10 14 19IMPROBABLE (E)

= or < 0.1/100K flt hrs 12 15 17 20

PMA Acceptance

11-17 LOW SAFETY RISK

IPT / FST / SSWG Acceptance

6-10 MEDIUM SAFETY RISK 18-20 VERY LOW SAFETY RISK

Severity is the worst credible consequence of a hazard in terms of degree of injury, property damage or effect on mission defined below:

Catastrophic - Class A ( damage > $1M / fatality / permanent total disability)Critical - Class B ($200K < damage < $1M / permanent partial disability / hospitalization of 5 or more personnel)Marginal - Class C ($10K < damage < $200K / injury results in 5 or more lost workdays)Negligible - All other injury/damage less than Class C

Probability of occurrence for discreet events may replace Frequency based upon the chart below:

S E V E R I T Y

FREQUENCY

HAZARD CATEGORIZATION

UNACCEPTABLEACCEPTABLE WITH REVIEW

ASN (RD&A) / Fleet Acceptance

UNDESIRABLEACCEPTABLE

WITHOUT REVIEW

1-5 HIGH SAFETY RISK

PEO / AIR-1.0 Acceptance

ExampleElectrical WireDeterioration

(SAR 42-005 Open)

Frequent

(A)

Probable

(B)

Occasional

(C)

Remote

(D)

Improbable

(E)

Hazard Probability

Haz

ard

Sev

erit

y

I Catastrophic

II Critical

III Marginal

IV Negligible

2 4 8 121

3 5 6 10 15

7 9 11 14 17

13 16 18 19 20

SSWG Safety Action Records

RECENT WIRING HAZARD RISK INDEXRECENT WIRING HAZARD RISK INDEX

Hazard Risk Index (HRI) is 6 (6.67 /100,000 flight hours) will • increase to HRI 4 if wiring incidences double as predicted • or HRI 5 if wiring around the engine controls or flight controls

causes a hard landing or crash

Example Age Distribution of Aircraft with Example Age Distribution of Aircraft with PolyimidePolyimide WiringWiring

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

0

250

500

750

1000

1250

1500

1750

2000

2250

2500

2750

3000

3250

3500

3750

4000

4250

4500

4750

5000

5250

5500

5750

6000

TSN (hours)

Qu

anti

ty

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

Per

Par

t P

rob

abili

ty o

f F

ailu

re

Total Example Aircraft with M81381 Wire

Reported Fire & Arc Failures since 1987

Reported M81381 Wire Failures since 1987

PPOF of M81381 Wire Fire and Arc Failures

PPOF of All Failures due to M81381 Wire

All Failures due to Kapton

Kapton Fire and Arcing Failures Only

Example Cost/NMC AC/Aborts vs. Wiring OptionsExample Cost/NMC AC/Aborts vs. Wiring OptionsOverOver TenTen YearsYears

0

100

200

300

400

500Wiring Options

Co

st (

M$)

/NM

C A

C/ A

bo

rts

Total Cost (M$) 132 254.3 148.8 143.1 135.5

Total NMCAircraft

132 104 113 103 86

Total Aborts 483 379 410 374 312

1 2 3 4 5

HRI Rating AfterImplementation 4,5 14 6 11 10

Wiring Maintenance Manual UpdateWiring Maintenance Manual UpdateØ Joint Service Manual

Ø NAVAIR Revising and Updating With Joint Service Participation

Ø Simplifying Over Two Dozen Volumes Into Three

Ø Updating Technical Information

Ø Volume One Due Out in 2003

Ø Subsequent Volumes in 2004 and 2005

Ø E-Business Initiative ; Hot-Link To Aircraft Wiring Information System (AWIS)

Old WUC Example42830 - Electrical Power System Wiring

New WUC Example4257D - MPDB AC Power Wiring FS 347-359 RH

Old Mal Code Example615 - Shorted160 - Broken Wires, Defective Connection

New Mal Code ExampleW00 - Chafing against combustible/bleed air linesW01 - Chafing against structure/components/non-combustible lineW02 - Chafing against control cables/flight control componentsW03 - Chafing against other wire/WBAW46 - Arced/burned/shorted wiring – due to chafing against structure, equipment or fluid/pneumatic lines (including overheat detection elements)W47 - Arced/burned/shorted wiring – due to unknown or other causes (including overheat detection elements)W48 - Broken/open wiring (including overheat detection elements)W49 - Broken spliceW50 - Broken terminal lugs/studs

* Conditional (Non-Failure)

Enhanced Maintenance CodesEnhanced Maintenance Codes

Delete

Wiring SystemWiring System Tool Tool Development ExamplesDevelopment Examples

ØØ SelfSelf--contained, OMA, heat guncontained, OMA, heat gun–– Used to perform 95% of routine wire Used to perform 95% of routine wire

repairsrepairs–– No heavier than 10No heavier than 10--15 pounds15 pounds–– Rechargeable/Replaceable battery packRechargeable/Replaceable battery pack–– Holder to protect worker from the hot toolHolder to protect worker from the hot tool

ØØ Aircraft Wiring Repair KitsAircraft Wiring Repair Kits–– Used to repair and assemble electrical Used to repair and assemble electrical

wiring harness components at the wiring harness components at the Organizational and Intermediate Organizational and Intermediate maintenance levelsmaintenance levels

0302 04 05 06 07 08

Development A/C Test Initial Buy

ECAD Stage IIECAD Stage I

“Rest of the Fleet” Procurement

ECAD Stage IIIAWA Stage I AWA Stage II AWA Stage III

• ECAD: COSSI/OSD Funded Electronic Characterization and Diagnostic System (Portable) Targeted For O-Level

• AWA: ONR CTTO/ASN RDA / CTMA OSD Funded Automatic Wire Analyzer Development

EA-6B, C-2 Initial Transition

Prioritized PMA- 260 /AIR-6.0 Procurement

OffOff--Board DiagnosticsBoard DiagnosticsDevelopmental TimelineDevelopmental Timeline

Handheld Stage I HH Stage II Handheld Stage III

• Handheld Initiative -Collaborative Effort with Air Force (New Start)

TEST SYSTEMSTEST SYSTEMS(MIL-STD-810 EXPLOSIVE ENVIRONMENT)(MIL-STD-810 EXPLOSIVE ENVIRONMENT)

Standing WaveStanding WaveReflectometer - WithReflectometer - WithPlain Text DisplayPlain Text Display

RuggedizedRuggedizedLaptopLaptop

Test Box/Expansion UnitsTest Box/Expansion Units

0100 02 03 04 05 06

Development Flight Test Prod. Install

Wiring Diag. SBIRDetection Technology for Insulation Failures

Smart Connectors* ‘Hockey Puck’ connector saver* Flight hardware processor/sensor development

Phase IIIPhase II

EMD/TransitionLead: P-3, PMA-290AAdditional Retrofits: F/A-18, EA-6B, F-14,

AV-8B, V-22, JSF

Phase I

OffOff--Board Diagnostics (Smart Wiring)Board Diagnostics (Smart Wiring)Developmental TimelineDevelopmental Timeline

Smart Wiring Harness SmartConnector

SmartWiring Integration

Assembly(Organized Wiring)

0100 02 03 04 07 08

Arc Fault Circuit BreakerArc Fault Circuit BreakerDevelopmental TimelineDevelopmental Timeline

05 06Fiscal Year

Transport Aircraft

InstallFlight Test

Prod.Development

Fighter/Helo/Patrol A/C

Ground Test

FlightTest

Prod.Lab Test

BeginDevel

ONR/FAA/AAIPTComponent Impr Program

MS24571MS24571

MS3320 MS3320

Wiring and Equipment Installation Assessment Program

0403 06 07 08 09 1005

Wiring Engineering Support

Data Analysis / Fleet Tracking

New Program Current Program

Wiring

Example Aging Wiring System Example Aging Wiring System RoadmapRoadmap

Wiring Training

Arc Fault CB Testing and Planning

Arc Fault CB Installations

Wire Diagnostics Testing and PlanningOn Board Wire Diagnostics Installation

MR Wire Harness Replacement

(ONR/AF/FAA Funded)

(ONR/ASN RDA,/OSD COSSI)

• Off-board diagnostic systems development completed

• First Fleet buys scheduled for FY’05

Total Rewire Not Historically funded

Related Near Related Near Term InitiativesTerm Initiatives

Ø Next Generation WireØ Corrosion Resistant ConnectorsØ Training AidsØ Accelerated Aging InvestigationsØ Advanced Wiring ArchitecturesØ Fiber OpticsØ Expanded Fleet Wiring Surveys

Related Work With FAA And NTSBRelated Work With FAA And NTSBØ Assisted FAA With Development Of Aging Transport Non-structural

Systems Plan

Ø Plan Became Basis for Aging Transport Systems Rulemaking Advisory Committee (ATSRAC)

– Participated In Aging Systems Task Force Sub-group (Intrusive Inspections)

Ø Partnered With FAA and Air ForceOn Arc-fault Circuit Breaker Program

Ø Continue To Partner With FAA On Science and Technology Initiatives Related To Wiring Systems

Ø Assisted NTSB With Development Of Wiring Systems Lessons Learned Data Library

Ø Participated In the Development of Report To The President On Wiring System Safety

– Member Of Wiring System Safety Interagency Working Group

Joint Council On Joint Council On Aging AircraftAging Aircraft

• Primary Members:– US Air Force Aging Aircraft Planning Director– US Army AMCOM Deputy Commander for Transformation– US Navy Aging Aircraft Program Director– DLA Aging Aircraft Program Manager– FAA Aging Aircraft Programs Director– USCG Aging Aircraft Branch Chief

• Adjunct Members:– NASA, Marine Corps, and Academia

Joint Council On Joint Council On Aging AircraftAging Aircraft

• • JCAA Formed Wiring Steering GroupJCAA Formed Wiring Steering Group

• Focus Areas of Wiring Steering Group:• Focus Areas of Wiring Steering Group:-- Science and Technology (S&T)Science and Technology (S&T)-- AcquisitionAcquisition-- TrainingTraining-- Policies Policies

• • Focus Areas of Wiring S&T SubgroupFocus Areas of Wiring S&T Subgroup-- Diagnostics and PrognosticsDiagnostics and Prognostics-- Circuit ProtectionCircuit Protection-- Maintenance and Design ToolsMaintenance and Design Tools-- Data ManagementData Management-- Failure Modes and EffectsFailure Modes and Effects-- MaterialsMaterials

We Are Responsible For Three ThingsWe Are Responsible For Three Things

1. We Ensure That the Fleet and the OEMs Get Good PartsØ Maintain Quality Parts Lists (Suppliers) Backed up by Testing.Ø Maintaining and Transitioning Specifications

2. We Ensure Adequate Wiring System Designs and InstallationsØ Assess New Aircraft Wiring Installations As Well As Third Party Mods.Ø Evaluate Installations for SOF, Workmanship, Maintenance Issues.Ø Recommend Solutions to Problems Encountered.Ø Review Flight Clearance RequestsØ Aging Wiring System Assessments

3. We Ensure That Aircraft Wiring Systems Are Maintained ProperlyØ Ensure That Fleet Gets Proper TrainingØ Ensure That Wiring Maintenance Manuals Are up to DateØ Ensure That Proper Tooling is Available.Ø Ensure That Technology Solutions Meet Fleet Needs

Questions?Questions?

arnasonpb@navair.navy.milReminder:

Naval Aerospace Vehicle Wiring Action Group (19-21 November, Comfort Inn,

Orange Park, FL)