new metal oxides for efficient hydrogen production via ...€¦ · bbno thin films grown on...
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This presentation does not contain any proprietary, confidential, or otherwise restricted information
Project ID #PD118
New Metal Oxides for Efficient Hydrogen Production via Solar
Water Splitting
P.I. - Yanfa YanPresenter. - Baicheng Weng
University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 436062016 DOE Annual Merit Review
June 8, 2016
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Overview
• Start date: 9/2014• Project end date: 8/2017• Percent complete: 25%
• Barriers addressed– Y. Materials efficiency– Z. Materials durability– AB. Materials synthesis
• Total project funding$740,000
• Funding received in FY14$240,000
• Funding for FY15 $250,000
Timeline
Budget
Barriers
• National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Partners
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Project Objectives
• Design new metal oxides for PEC hydrogen production
• Develop approaches for synthesizing designed metal oxides
• Examine PEC properties of new metal oxides
• Education and outreach
Relevance
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Approach
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Accomplishments and Progress
BBNO thin films grown on FTO/glass substrate by RF sputtering
Before annealing
Target
After annealing
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Accomplishments and ProgressBBNO thin films grown on FTO/glass substrates by RF sputtering
Samples w/o BaCl2 appear sameSamples with BaCl2 show loss of color 6
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Accomplishments and ProgressBBNO thin films grown on FTO/glass substrates by RF sputtering
Room temp deposited30min 500oC air anneal
Direct bandgap:Approx. 2.05 eV
Single phase confirmed by XRDRhombohedral (R-3)Perovskite structure
Rsheet: ~ 1.5x109 Ω/□
SEM image
XRD
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Accomplishments and ProgressBBNO thin films grown on FTO/glass substrates by RF sputtering
• Thin film synthesis• RF sputtered “Hasitha” system• Room temp, 240min, 50W, 10mTorr, 30
sccm Ar• ~ 200nm thick film
• PEC testing using 300W Xe light source• 1M NaOH (first, all electrodes)• 1M Na2SO3 & 0.5M KH2PO3 (referred to as
“SS/PP”)
PEC measurement setup
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Accomplishments and ProgressBBNO thin films on FTO/substrates grown by Sol-gel method
Acetylacetone as chelating reagentEthyl glycol as solutionSpin-coating
PEC performance of BBNO thin films grown on FTO/glass substrates
XRD
Transmittance
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Accomplishments and ProgressBBNO thin films grown on TiO2 nanowire arrays
1) band position engineering; 2) high surface areas; 3) promote charge transfer
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Accomplishments and ProgressBBNO thin films grown on TiO2 nanowire arrays
• Enhanced light absorption by TiO2 nanowire arrays
• Improved PEC performance
Absorbance spectra
PEC performance of BBNO grown on TiO2 nanowire arrays
XRD curve of BBNO grown on TiO2 nanowire arrays11
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Accomplishments and ProgressBBNO thin films grown on WO3 nanosheets
1) 2-D materials; 2) band position engineering- lower conductive band
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Accomplishments and ProgressBBNO thin films grown on WO3 nanosheets
PEC performance of BBNO grown on WO3 nanosheets
XRD curve
XRD curve of BBNO grown on WO3 nanosheets 13
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Accomplishments and ProgressBBNO nanopowders
BBNO size reduction:
1) Enhance surface areas to improve electrolyte contact
2) Exploring the facet orientation effects
3) Photocatalytic water splitting using both conductive and valence bands
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Accomplishments and ProgressBBNO nanopowders
Ball milled for total 11.5 hours300 rpm20-30mL acetoneAgate jar & balls
100x 6mm diameter16x 10mm diameter
Reversed directions (CW, CCW) every few hoursDiluted final suspension to ~60mL with acetone
• Film surface mostly smooth with visible “wrinkles” – not cracks 15
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Accomplishments and ProgressBBNO nanopowders
Well crystallized double perovskite structure, Band-gap: 1.8 eV
Absorbance of a BBNO nanopwoder film
Absorbance of a BBNO nanopwoder film
XRD curve of a BBNO nanopwoder film 16
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Reviewers Comments
N/A
Collaborations
Todd Deutsch National Renewable Energy Laboratory
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Remaining Challenges
• BBNO thin films are too resistive. • Charge transfer is not efficient• Photocurrents are not high
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• Continue to explore nanostructures to facilitate charge transfer.
• Apply catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction• Test slurry configurations• Try to dope BBNO thin films.
Proposed Future Work
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Technology Transfer Activities
• N/A
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• BBNO thin films were deposited on 1D TiO2 nanowires and WO3 nanosheets to improve photocurrents.
• BBNO nanoparticles were prepared.• The optical properties of BBNO prepared by RF
sputtering and spin-coating methods were studied
Summary
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