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V IV"- ♦ie 4 ,,o . , :, L.4; THE JOURNAL OF 1 1 fl'.I 19 7 2

(.6:7 THE NEW JERSEY POSTAL HISTORY SOCIETY

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L HISTORY S 40 ************************************************************************ vo l. X No. 5 Whole Number 50 November 1982 * *************************************************************************

- CONTENTS -

More Local Posts to New Jersey 54

Rev. ply Family Correspondence by: Clark Hutchinson 55

U.S. c pespatch Post to New Jersey . 60

New Brun>ick "SHIP" Letter by: Gerard Neufeld 0 61

NJ Classl.c Railroads & 1860 RR Map by: Brad Arch . 62

A "MOE" Forerunner by: Brad Arch 64

S1cretary's Report, Notices, Auction Listing Supplement

53 *t***********************************************************************

i Affiliate 95 of the American Philatelic Society Affiliate 1A of the Postal History Society, Inc.

Chapter 443 of the North Jersey Federated Stamp Clubs, Inc. 1

Annual Membership Subscription 310.00

JPHS ot, Secretary

ia•i Lane ski ng . dge NJ 07920

.1 lerar• Ieefiteld - President kl)0,-*****u***************************************************************

O

* 10th ANNIVERSARY YEAR *

NJPHS Journal E. E. Fricks, Editor 26 Windmill Drive Clementon NJ 08021

Brad Arch - Vice President

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MORE LOCALS TO NEW JERSEY

RICHARD WOLFFERS, INC./STAMP AUCTIONS 127 Kearny Street! San Francisco. CA 94108, Telephone 415/781 , 5127

Auction Room: 133 Kearny Street ! Second Floor

APR I L 28, 29, 30 and MAY 1, 1982

2156 2156 Ls4 #1, Et red brown tied by red 13-bar diamond grid on 1849 FL from New York to

Rahway, N.J. Cover also shows matching NY cds, boxed "Paid", and the rare red SWARTS / CHATHAM SQUARE sunk and Chatham Square Ws- Stamp touches at T & B, cover with few minor age spots; F-VF, very scarce postmark r79 PF cart}

PHOTO ECV

82506-3000

The number of locals used recently is rather remarka a Boyd's City Express used example of Swarts anti_the of the Boyd's City Express adhesive. However, the "5 that US postage was paid,

to New Jersey which have come out of hiding ble. The March issue (pg. 23) illustrated with the 1847 US 5-cent. Above is an 5-cent 1847. Below, we see . Another example , this time without any US general issue cts" in the circular datestamp indicates probably in cash by the Boyd's delivery boy.

641

NJPH t/el-toofe:

5L.

REV. ELI FIELD COOLEY, D. D. FAMILY CORRESPONDENCE 1820 - 1857

Clark J. Hutchinson © 1982

In September 1806, Eli Field Cooley, earned his bachelor of arts degree from the College of New Jersey (Princeton University). Like many of his fellow students, Eli, decided to enter the ministry. He studied theology under Rev. Dr. Samuel S. Smith (President of Princeton University) and received his master of arts degree in 1809. That same year he was licensed to preach the gospel by the Presbytery of New Brunswick, New Jersey. Rev. Cooley's first call came in 1810 from the church in Cherry Valley,

New York. He resigned this charge in 1820, partially due to his wife's ill health, and answered the call from the church in Middletown Point (Matawan), New Jersey. He served this congregation until 1823 when he answered the call from the Trenton First (Ewing Presbyterian) Church, New Jersey. During this period the Presbyterian Church was evolving into a national

body. In the past only a small group of churches ceuld afford to hire their own individual ministers. The balance of the churches were served by circuit ministers. The Princeton Theological Seminary had just been found-ed in 1812. As more and more ministers were trained they were swiftly dis-patched to any church with a need. Rev. Cooley was one of these new ministers.

In 1828, Rev. Cooley was elected to serve as a Trustee of Princeton University. Two years later (1830) he was elected as a Trustee of Princeton Theological Seminary. Apparently Rev. Cooley gained quite a reputation as a Trustee of Princeton University for in 1835 he was elected as Clerk of the Board of Trustees. He finished his education at Rutgers 1856 when he earned his doctorate of divinity degree. He retired from active ministry in 1857 and died in 1860. Rev. Cooley's legacy to us is not limited to his correspondence and his

religious and educational work. His home still exists as a private residence. It stands on the grounds of the New Jersey School for the Deaf (Ewing Town.. ship, New Jersey) and can easily be seen from Mercer County route #579. His name is also familiar to geneologists. Rev. Cooley authored the standard resource book on the early families of Ewing Township, New Jersey. This book is entitled "Genealogy of Early Settlers in Trenton and Ewing, Old Hunterdon County, New Jerse

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April 6, 1820

NJPH 55 November 1982

Sarah E. Hamilton of Princeton NJ to Rev. Eli Cooley of Cherry Valley NY

Philatelic Descriptions A worn stampless folded letter tied by a clear black 28mm Princeton circular date stamp. A manuscript "18 1/2" postage rate mark is in the top right corner of the letter (Postal Act of 1816 - 150 to 400 miles). Historical Commentary: Rev. Cooley was still the minister at his first church located in Cherry Valley, New York. He received this letter less than two months before he would begin to preach at Middletown Point (Matawan), New Jersey church on June 2, 1820. A carefull research project concerning the genealogy of the Cooley Family might reveal if the sister who is ill in this letter may in fact be Rev. Cooley's wife.

? ? 1832 E. F. Cooley of Trenton NJ to his son of Wake Forest NC

Philatelic Description: Trenton N.J. manuscript "25" postage rate marking Clear strike (unlisted in ASCC) on a (Item #46 in Auction List #203 of W.

33mm black circular date stamp with a (Postal Act of 1816 - over 400 miles). very clean 1832 stampless folded letter G. Kremper, March 1981)

Historical Commentary: E.F. Cooley writes to his son in Wake Forest NC, re: Cholera '..extending its ravages in every direction, along the line of the Delaware and Raritan Canal, from Griggstown...on through Mapleton at Scudders Mills (etc.) many have died, the college at Brunswick broke up long ago..' a fascinating letter covering temperence as well. Rev. Cooley had been the minister at the Trenton First (Ewing Presbyterian) Church, Trenton, New Jersey for nine years when he wrote this letter. In 1859, Rev. Cooley preached a sermon where he describes this period of time" The years of 1830-1-2 were years of unusual and general sickness, and were years of the greatest mortality of any years of my residence here. In these years the canals were being dug on both sides of the Delaware river, and in one of these years, it was said that about 500 persons in this township were under the care of physicians."

January 24, 1832 E.F. Cooley of Trenton NJ to William S. Cooley of Nottoway Courthouse VA

NJPH 56

November 1982

Philatelic Description: A sound stampless folded letter tied by a fair black Trenton circular date stamp. A manuscript " 18 3/4 postage rate marking is in the top right corner of the letter. (Postal Act of 1825 - 150 to 400 Mi). A manuscript "C" is in the top center of the letter - possibly added by the receiving post office for sorting purposes.

Historical Commentary: A long fascinating letter covering many topics but particularly emphasizing on Rev. Cooley's concerns for his son's future intentions. Rev. Cooley's son, William Scudder Cooley, had earned his bachelor of arts degree in 1828 and his master of arts degree in 1831 from Princeton University. Rev. Cooley devotes an entire paragraph to discussions with Mr. Brown (founder of the Lawrenceville School) regarding William's intentions to establish a school. Other topics covers are the: weather, deaths in his congregation, his appoint,ent as General Agent and Secretary of the Missionary Society of the Synod of New Jersey, family & church news.

? ? 1834 E.F. Cooley of Trenton NJ to Wm. Little, Postmaster, Middletown Point NJ

Philatelic Description: Trenton NJ 33mm red circular date stamp with manu-script "free". Clear strike (unlisted in ASCC) on a fresh stampless folded letter dated 1834 (Postal Acts granted "FREE" Franking privilages for mail to or from Postmasters as well as other bureaucrats). Historical Commentary: Remember that Rev. Cooley was the minister at the Middletown Point (Matawa"), New Jersey church from 1820 to 1823. His son, William, probably established the Middletown Point Academy in the spring of 1834. Eli Cooley writes to Wm. Little re: building an Academy at Middletown Point. Stampless folded letter contains pencil draft of building with dimentions, and discusses building requirements: timber, brick, etc.." (Item #49 in Auction List #204 of W.G. Kremper, January 1982). According to Ellis' History of Monmouth County, "The success of this little school caused greater interest to be taken, and on the 16th of August, 1834, a meeting was held in the bank-office and a subscription was started to erect a suit-able building. It was resolved that the property of the Academy be divided into 22 shares, at fifty dollars each, which were taken by eleven persons, viz.: - " .which included William Little and William Cooley. On the 6th of September, 1834, it was decided to build a school-house 44 x 26 feet, two stories in height."

September 16, 1834

NJPH 57 Novmeber 1982

Dr. Carnahan of Princeton NJ to William S. Cooley of Middletown Point NJ

Philatelic Descriptions A sound stampless folded letter tied by a clear black Princeton (high N variety) circular date stamp. A manuscript '7' is written over the '6' in the circular date stamp. A manuscript "10" postage rate marking is in the top right corner of the letter (postal act of 1816 - 30 to 80 miles rate).

Historical Commentary: A letter of recommendation from Dr. James Carnahan, President of Princeton University (1823-1854) to William Cooley concerning William's establishment of an academy at Middletown Point, New Jersey.

July 23, 1836 His sister of Lawrenceville NJ to William Cooley of Middletown Point NJ Philatelic Description: Lawrenceville NJ July 23 "10" postage rate marking (Postal Act of 1816 - 30 to 80 miles rate), stampless folded letter date-lined 1836 to William Cooley at Middletown Point from his sister re: large school there, 30 boarders & 11 dayschoolers." (Item #9 in Auction List #204 of W.G. Kremper, January 1982).

Historical Commentary: According to Ellis' History of Monmouth County,: "A meeting of the stockholders was held February 5, 1835, to organize and elect trustees. William S. Cooley was selected as principal, and the first term began April 27, 1835. He taught until July 21, 1836 when he was dismissed,." William returned to Princeton University where he tutored from 1836 to 1841.

March 24, 1857 (?) of Princeton NJ to Rev. E.F. Cooley of Ewing NJ Philatelic Description: a fine example of the 30 regular postage stamp issue of 1851-1857 (Scott #11) tied on a Mourning Envelope by a fair black Princeton circular date stamp (Postal Act of 1851 - 30 rate prepaid not exceeding 3000 miles). Historical Commentary: An invitation to attend the funeral service for Rev. Symmes C. Henry on March 26, 1857. Rev. Symmes Cleves Henry was the minister of the First Presbyterian Church of Cranbury, New Jersey.

April 19, 1857 Rev. I.V. Brown of Somerville NJ to Rev. E.F. Cooley of Trenton NJ Philatelic Descriptions A (stamp removed by previous owner) tied on a sound folded letter by a clear black Somerville circular date stamp (Postal Act of 1855 - compulsory prepayment of 30 rate not exceeding 3000 miles). ( Illustration on next page )..

NJPH

5 8 November 1982

Historical Commentary: Rev. Issac Vanarsdale Brown founded the Lawrenceville School, tutored at Printed University from 1805-1806, was elected as a Trustee of Princeton University in 1816, and was elected as a trustee of Princeton Theological Seminary in 1822. He is replying to Rev. Cooley's notices of meetings of the Trustees of the Princeton Theological Seminary as well as keeping Rev. Cooley informed of his latest activities. These activities included his trip to and from Dayton Ohio where he attended the great Will case of D.Z. Cooper (Cooper was a former pupil and had married a Lawrenceville girl) and a fascinating account of a fierce snow storm his train ran into near Scranton, Pennsylvania. The Address on this letter reflects the change in title for Rev. Cooley. He received his doctorate of divinity degree from Rutgers University in 1856.

Bibliography: E.F. Cooley,D.D.-"A semi-Centennial Discourse Preached In The Presbyterian

Church of Ewing, October 9th, 1859. Eli F. Cooley - "Genealogy of Early Settlers in Trenton and Ewing, Old

Hunterdon County, New Jersey, 1883" Franklin Ellis -"History of Monmouth County, New Jersey, 1885" Sampson - "American Stampless Cover Catlog, 1978" Scott - "Specialized Catlog of United States Stamps, 1981" Swan, Norma L. - "Ellis Index, 1973" "Minutes of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America" Vol XIV, 1856, and Vol XV, 1857.

"Princeton University General Catalog 1746-1906, 1908"

Footnote: Transcripts of the contents of the letters are available for loan from the Library of the New Jersey Postal History Society.

NJPH 59 NOvember 1982

U. S. CITY DESPATCH POST

TO JERSEY CITY

The words "United States" were added to the City Despatch Post adhesives after'the pu'rchase of that local carrier by the New York Post Office. This is the first stamp issued by authority of the United State-Post Office Department. The stamp was canceled with a 'U.S.' in an octagon, in an orange or red on this cover.

In Creighton C. Hart's article "Carrier Stamps on 1847 Covers", Chronicle, Vol. 31, No. 104, November 1979, he discusses the carrier services in a number of cities and the use of carrier adhesives with the 1847 U.S. general issue adhesive. The above cover may be more typical or one of a more numerous family, ie, without the 1847. The City Despatch Post was founded in February 1842 and was

soon thereafter purchased by the New York Post Office. The service, which gathered the mail from letter boxes and carried them to the post office and from the post office to the addressees, continued in business until late November 1846. As Hart noted, Alexander M. Greig, a New Yorker, started the

City Despatch Post but it was owned by Henry Thomas Windsor, a Londoner. Scott's Specialized states that the 3 cent denomination included

1 cent in lieu of drop letter charges until June 30, 1845, and the maximun legal carrier fee of 2 cents. USCDP operated as a service of the New York Post Office from August 16, 1842 until 1846. The postage rate of 6 cents was for service from New York to

Jersey City, probably by boat across the Hudson River. With the change in rates on July 1, 1845, the rate for this distance would have changed to 5 cents. The letter is datelined December 14, 1843.

NJPH 60 November 1982

I. •

ANOTHER NEW JERSEY "SHIP" LETTER

Whole Number 45 of this publication, November 1981, carried my article concerning the scarcity of non-contract "SHIP"letters entering the mail-stream at New Jersey ports. Another turned up at the Metro Stamp Co. sale of March 31, 1982. This one originated at Savannah, Ga., 1825, and was addressed to New

York City by way of New Brunswick. Ordinarily one does not think of New Brunswick as a seaport. But the Raritan was, and is, a navigable river, and the docking of small ships is recorded into the 1920s. The cover is pictured below. The postmark is in a pale red ink which made

it necessary to take both a dark and a light copy and superimpose one over the other to get something that would reproduce. Even then it was advis-able to stengthen the lettering of the postmark, manually. At the lower left corner the endorsement "Pr. Wm. Wallace" is seen. Is

there a New Brunswick historian among us who can say whether this was a contemporary man, the name of a ship, or a captain who named his ship after himself?

Unlike the Tuckerton letter shown in the previous article, the New Brunswick office did use the word SHIP, as required by the regulations, The rate is, of course, the 10t single letter rate in the 30 to 80 miles zone, + 2t for letters carried in private vessels,

There are two assists on this one, First, it was Brad Arch who spotted the item in the catalog and called it to my attention. Then, Gene Fricks gave the information concerning the relatively modern use of New Brunswick as a seaport.

Gerard J. Neufeld

NJPH November 1982

61

4444484/4 DOUBLE TRACK 44444erte SINGLE TRACK moo twee IN PROGRESS

— CHARTERED ..d DESIRED

Milford

Stroudsburg

Belvidere

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PENN.

Norristown •

New tionsi;ton

Trenton'

4.13 rs.

PHILADELPHIA

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Reproduction of 1860 map, which shows existing or projected Jersey railroads.

NJ PH

62 November 1982

O cean.

NEW JERSEY'S CLASSIC RAILROADS

by; Brad Arch

Some Representative Covers from New Jersey's Classic Intrastate Railroads.

NETWORK OF TRANSPORTATION LINES

MORRIS & ESSEX RAILROAD -

from : Hoboken to

Hackettstown

BELVIDERE DELAWARE RAILROAD

- from s Belvidere to

Trenton

RARITAN & DELAWARE BAY

RAILROAD -

from s Atlantic Highlands

to Manchester

Scott # 11

30 1851

Scott # 26

30 1857

Scott # 65

30 1861

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C.r( t, r/21.,

NJPH

63 November 1982

r()S11%,(11111),VITII PAID REPLY,

Ifititth$tatelvittA)i ?XIS %IOC IS FOR ACORES'S ONL

Mesrs.Datchelder & son,

Potsdam, N. Y.

DCFACR ANNEXED CARD - •

FOR ANSWER.

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