new immigrants immigrants had come from northern europe since before the american revolution –...
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New ImmigrantsNew Immigrants
immigrants had come from northern Europe since before the American Revolution– United Kingdom (England, Scotland, & Irish)– Germany– Scandinavia (Sweden, Norway, & Finland)
fewer immigrants came from these countries– they already had industrialized countries
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New ImmigrantsNew Immigrants
southern & eastern Europeeastern Mediterranean
much of these areas controlled by – Russian Empire– Austro-Hungarian Empire– Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
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New ImmigrantsNew Immigrants
reasons for leaving:– overpopulation– lack of jobs– mistreatment by government
America offered:– jobs– opportunity– freedom
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Crossing the OceanCrossing the Ocean
1860s steamships replaced sailing ships
companies in Britain & Germany built passenger ships
steamships were strong & sturdy– took danger out of crossing ocean
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Crossing the OceanCrossing the Ocean
steamships were also faster steamships didn’t have to worry about winds steamships could operate on any schedule
cheap passage available– single men could come to America for a few
months or years & go home
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Ellis Island: Gate to AmericaEllis Island: Gate to America
1886: Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor
1892: Ellis Island opened as immigration center
What happened at Ellis Island?
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Medical CheckupsMedical Checkups
checked for diseases & other health impairments
depending on the disease, an immigrant could be– turned away– kept on the island until improvement
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ProcessingProcessing
inspectors might ask immigrants:– Name?– Occupation?– Who paid your fare?– Can you read & write?– How much money do you have?– Have you ever been in prison or the
poorhouse?– Where are you going?
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Name ChangesName Changes
during this processing, names often changed
names that were difficult to pronounce or spell were changed
American-sounding names
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Immigrants SettledImmigrants Settled
settled where there was work– mines– mills– factories
beginning of 1900s half of all immigrants settled in four states– New York, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts,
& Illinois
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Immigrants SettledImmigrants Settled
most immigrants ended up where relatives were located– many immigrants had relatives in America
pay their way
most immigrants ended up doing similar jobs to what their relatives did