New Formats and Models for Scholarly Communication: Publication and Access

Scope Note:

For the purposes of discussion today we primarily refer to:

publication of scholarship, in electronic formats,�available on the internet

And on these, we merely scratch the surface

Beyond Paper:

.. and More

Less Obvious Benefits !  you work is more likely to be actually discovered

!  and cited (and reused)

!  permits metrics of usage

!  extends paper bibliography into a “knowledge network” (linking content, citations, scholars & readers to be come an exchange)

"We're living through—in our historical generation—the largest increase in

human expressive capability in history." - Clay Shirky, Here Comes Everybody: The Power of�� Organizing Without Organizations. Penguin, 2008.

!   access, cost and distribution models

!   preservation

!   intellectual property and rights management

!   media/medium literacy

!   impact on teaching, learning & the research process

!   implications for authors & institutions

!   evaluation & the peer review process

!   promotion & tenure

...  “but  is  not  without  its  issues”  ...    

Same Old Wine ��Brand New Bottle

!   Retained traditional distribution/economic model: (subscriptions, memberships, pay per article, bundled titles)

!   Scholar writes, the publisher “prints” & the user pays

!   Transition works without disruption & is familiar

!   Electronic copy became a “value-added” product or “new” pay service

The Forest For ��The Trees

“But That’s How We’ve Always Done It”

!  You donate your IP to publishers in return for peer review and dissemination.

!  You also donate service as reviewers and editors

!  You’ve surrendered your rights to share it

!  and you, your colleagues, & your libraries ... are increasingly unable to buy it back!

!  and we just can’t afford it !

A Convergence

!   Costs Unsustainable

!   The Technology Is Here

!   Opportunity to Rethink What We Do

Some Advantages of OA

!   Remove barriers to access

!   Re-establish author rights

!   Cost efficiencies & less time to ”press”

!   Facilitate broad pre & post pub review

!   Encourages collaboration and data sharing

!   Greatly increased visibility

Unfortunate Misconceptions

!   OA is incompatible with peer review.

!   Retaining rights is a reflection of lack of quality

OA Journals

Repositories & ��Digital Archives

Tipping Point

Making A Statement !   philosophical commitment to removal of access

barriers

!   raising the level of understanding & conversation

!   re-affirming the rights of authors

!   inspire action on policy and practice

!   celebrate the value of scholarship to a home institution

Creative Commons

Recap

!   New formats = new communication opportunities

!   Legacy publ. models ill-suited & unsustainable

!   Opportunities to assert author rights, re-use rights & remove access barriers

!   Your work, which you gladly donate, is the currency we will use to buy advances in scholarly communication ... where/how will you spend it?

An old tradition and a new technology have converged to make possible an unprecedented public good. The old tradition is the willingness of scientists and scholars to publish the fruits of their research in scholarly journals without payment, for the sake of inquiry and knowledge. The new technology is the internet. ���

The public good they make possible is the world-wide electronic distribution of the peer-reviewed journal literature and completely

free and unrestricted access to it by all scientists, scholars, teachers, students, and other curious minds. Removing access

barriers to this literature will accelerate research, enrich education, ... uniting humanity in a common intellectual

conversation and quest for knowledge. ���

---From the Budapest Open Access Initiative