new calculation method of multiple gravitational lensing system f. abe nagoya university 18 th...
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New calculation method of multiple gravitational
lensing systemF. Abe
Nagoya University
18th International Conference on Gravitational Microlensing, Santa Barbara, 21st Jan 2014
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Contents
• Introduction• Lensing equation• Matrix expression• Iteration• Remaining problems• Summary
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Triple lens system (two planets, OGLE-2006-BLG-109)
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Quasar microlensing (Garsden, Bate, Lewis, 2011, MNRAS 418, 1012)
Multiple lenses cause complex magnification pattern!!
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Calculation methods
• Single lens• Simple quadratic equation (Liebes 1964)
• Binary lens• Quintic equation (Witt & Mao 1995, Asada 2002)• Inverse ray shooting (Schneider & Weiss 1987)
• Triple lens and more• 10th order polynomial equation (Rhie 2002)• Inverse ray shooting (Schneider & Weiss 1987)• Perturbation (Han 2005, Asada 2008)
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Lensing configuration
θy
θ x
βy
β xObserver
Lens plane Source plane
DL
DS
β⃑
SourceImage
θ⃑ Lens qi
�⃑�𝑖
Lensing equation
?
Lensing equation is difficult to solveSingle source makes multiple images
θ⃑ β⃑and are normalized by
, j = 1, mm: number of images
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Lensing equation
Lensing equation
Scalar potential
Straight projection
Lensing
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Jacobian matrix
Jacobian matrix
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Jacobian determinant and magnification
Jacobian determinant
Magnification
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Magnification map on the lens plane
, j = 1, mm: number of images =
θx
θ y
To get magnification map on the source plane:
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Linear expression
Inverse matrix
, : infinitesimally small
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Calculation of image position: initial point on the source plane exactly traced from a point on the lensing plane: a target point on the source plane close to: first approximation of the image position corresponding to
: second approximation of the image position corresponding to
Iteration
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Calculation of image position
θy
θ x
βy
β xObserver
Lens plane Source plane
DL
DS
β⃑ 0
SourceImage
0 Lens qi
�⃑�𝑖
Lensing equation
t
1
1
2
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Iteration example
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Problems in and
• This method only finds an image close to . • To find other images, we must try other .• If steps over caustic, calculation become divergent. So we need
to select other .
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Summary
• Analytic form of Jacobian matrix is derived for general multiple lens system• Using Jacobian determinant, magnification on the lens plane can be
calculated• Approximate image position can be calculated from a close reference
source point which is exactly traced from lens plane• Calculation to get image position converges in 3-5 times iteration• Although there are problems to get reference point, this method may
be useful for future multiple lens analyses
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Thank you!