ADVANCES INPOWER ENGINEERINGProceedings of International Power

Engineering ConferenceMay 17-21> 1992 Hangzhou* Zhejiang? China

Sponsored byThe American Society of Mechanical EngineersThe Chinese Society of Power EngineeringThe Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

Edited byCen Kefa and David Y. S. Lou

International Academic Publishers

CONTENTS

PREFACE iii

INVITED PLENARY PAPERS

Forty Years Development of Electricity in China 3Yao Fusheng

Challenges in the Electric Utility Industry in the United States and Lessons Learned 14Scott A. Patulski

Alternative Fuels for Internal Combustion Engines — Vegetable Oils as an Alternative 20Fuel for Diesel EnginesHans May

Modelling of Autoignition and Knock in a Compression Ignition Engine of the Dual 34Fuel TypeG. A. Karim, Yan Zhaoda & Liu Zhigang

Prospects of Applying Computer-Aided Testing (CAT) to Designing and Testing 39BoilersCen Kefa & Fan Jianren

POWER PLANT AND SYSTEM

Study on Electricity, Steam, Heating and Cooling Cogeneration of Small—Scale 49Power Station with Heat Pump SystemGu Huang, Shi Tingpi, Hu Meili, Yan Jianming, Ren Haoren & Lu Bo jut

Applications of Exergy Analysis in the Optimization Design of Power Equipments 53Wang Ruwu

Analytical Studies about the Effects on the Performance of a TSAEH Exerted by the 60LCHWC in the Storage TankLin Wenxian & Lu Enrong

Researches on Optimizing Distribution of Heat and Electric Power Load among the 64

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Juxtaposed Units in Thermal Power Plant

Sun Guang, Zhou Li pan & Yang Shanrang

Practical Experience with Second Law Power Plant Monitoring 68

Fred D. Lang & Ken F. Horn

A Special Multistage Slagging Combustor for Direct Coal-Fired Gas Turbine and 78

Production of Fused Ca Mg P Fertilizer

Wang Zhenhua

Thermal Energy from Environmental Fluids for Producing Power, Heat and 82

Refrigeration

Yan Po Chang

The Exergy Analysis for the 600MW Condensing Turbine Set's Thermal System 92

Ge Ronghua & Wang Weien

Applications of the Energy Grade Balance Analysis to Heat Exchanger Networks 97

Yang Donghua & Joseph C. Y. Wang

Exergy Analysis of Integration of Gasification with Combined Cycle Power Plant 103

System

Zhong Shiming & Zhou Jie

Cold and Electricity Cogeneration 109You Hongyi

Parametric Analysis of Gas Turbine Power Plant Based on First and Second Law 114

Analysis

K. Sarabchi

Analysis of the PA6 Marine Diesel Engine Waste Heat Power Recovery Systems by 120

Thermoeconomics Approach

Xu Lijun & Cao Yubai

A Matrix Method for Thermoeconomic Costing 124

Wang Jiaxuan, Yang Yongjmg & Wang Qingzhao

Study on the Design of Intelligent Control Algorithm for Coordinate System of 130Unit-Generator

Wu Hucigang, Jiang Guochen, Lu Zhenzhong & Qian Weiming

Firing Coal Power Plant Operator Training Simulator 136

Wang Liying & Wan Yi

Developments in Condition Diagnosis and Life Management of Elevated 139

Temperature Plant

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B. J. Cane

Implementation of a Computerised Information Management System, 155"POWRTRAK" on Stanwell Power Station Project, Queensland, AustraliaB. R. Garsden & K. G. Cross

On-Line Fault Detection on High—Pressure Feed water Heater in power Plant Using 164Parameter Estimation MethodZhang Jian & Cao Zuqing

The Input Methodology and Parameter Control Function of the Steady-State 170Thermodynamic System Simulation Software TSACHu Niansu

Advanced On—Line Data Storage & Retrieval System for Power Stations 175Brian Stirk

The Dynamic Character Correlation Identification of Thermal Power Plant Unit 183Ju Lincang, Liu Qishou & Song Youxiang

Root Cause of Safety Valve Problems 187Y. S. Lai

Economical Analysis for Jet Air Pumps in Steam Power Plants 195Xu Da & Yang Jiqing

Theoretical Prediction of the Velocity—Field and Temperature—Field in Vertical 198Steam AccumulatorsLi Ming, Xi Shiguang & Bai Qiang

Study on Transient Two—Phase Flow for Downcomer Pipe of Deaerator 205Weng Rongzhou

The Stress Analysis of the Tubesheet with Integral Channel and Shell in HPFH of 211300MW Generating UnitCao Leisheng, Cheng Fengyuan & Zhu Jimei

Boundary Element Analysis of Solitary Wave on Free Falling Thin Liquid Films 216Lu Wenqiang

Optimization of Multistream Plate-Fin Heat Exchangers with Multi-component 221Two-Phase Fluids1A Kequn, Li Meiling & Luo Xing

Analysis of the Performance of Energy Storage Unit by Phase Change with Fin Tube 227He Jie, Yang Zeliang & Yang Zhirong

The Theoretic Analysis and Calculation for the Effective Thermal Conductivity of 233

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the Porous Materials which Porosity is Greater than n / 6Liu Yingyi & Zhong Maiying

BOILER

Numerical Analysis of Radiative Heat Transfer in Circulating Fluidized Bed 239Combustion System by Monte Carlo MethodHiroshi Taniguchi, Kazuhiko Kudo, Akiyoshi Kuroda, Yoshihito Chida, Ccn Kefa,Hiroshi Kaneda & Takeru Fukuchi

Experimental Study on Radial Gas Dispersion and Its Enhancement in Circulating 245Fluidized BedsZheng Qiayu & Xing Wei

Experimental and Theoretical Studies on the Fraction of Fuel Heat Releasing in the 250Dense Bed of CFBBLi Yan, Lu Xiaoma, Yue Guangxi & Zhang Xuyi

Study on Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion for Cogeneration Application 256Chang Yumin, Kang Jungshing & Chen Meiyen

The Influence of Fuel Having Broad Distribution on the Design and Operation of 262CFBTian Ziping

Long Time Operating Test of a PFBC 265Zhang Mingyao, Liu Qianxin, Chen Xiangrong, Shi Mingxian & Shen Xianglin

The Combustion Experiment on the Oil Shale Scrap of El—LAJJUN Jordan in a 271Fluidized Bed BoilerLu Guoqing, Liu Baiqian & Fu Zhenzong

A New Fluidized Burning Technology of Multipurpose Utilization for low Calorific 277Power Coal with High AshKang Qifa, Shi Zhenglun, Qin Zhigang, Fu Zicheng, Cai Jinqiang & Ba Ling

Research of 6000 KWe Fluidization-Vortex Complex Combustion Boiler 286Miao Deling, Tang Shift, Li Jinhong, Luo Chunhua & Tu Chang fa

Investigation on Combustion Efficiency and Sulphur Retention in Complex 294Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustor (CCFBC)Yang Lidan, Yao Jie, Zhou Ding, Bao Yiling, Wu Wenyuan, Li Binxi & Hou Gen fa

The Study of a Multitube Fluidized Ash Recycle Device and System with Cold 297ModellingLi Songsheng, Fu Jia, Dai Xin & Tu Dayan

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Investigation of the Segregation in the Fluidized Bed 300Wu Jiangquan, Xu Jinyuan & Yang Yihua

Gas / Solid Flow Characteristics in a Vortexing Fluidized Bed Combustor (VFBC) 304

Zhao Changsui, Duan Yufkng & Xu Yiqian

Studies on Vertical Weight Fraction Distribution of Fluidized Bed Materials with 310Different Densities and in Wide Particle Size RangesWu Shaohua, Xing Chunli, Sun Shaozeng, Yang Lidan & Qin Yukun

An Instrument for Measuring the Local Flow Characteristics around the Tube 314Surface Immersed in a High Temperature Fluidized BedFu Xinyao, Li Hongshun, Cai Meiying & Lu Jidong

Cold Model Studies of Tube Erosion in Fluidised Bed Coal Combustors 317Chang Zheng & Fan Congzhen

Verification of the Tsinghua-CFBB Model with the Testing Results on an 323Industrial-Scale CFB BoilerShen Youting, Song Zexi & Zhu Hongwei

Modelling of the Sulfation of Calcinated Limestone in CFB Combustion Systems 327Li Xuantian, Cen Kefa, Ni Mingjang & Luo Zhongyang

A Diagnostic Expert System for Pulverized Coal Combustion 333Zhou Huaichun, Xiao Xudong & Han Caiyuan

Experimental Study of Diffluence-Type Vortex Pulverized-Coal Burner 339Wu Jin, Shi Haoxun, Yang Shuichun & Wang Xiaoping

Research on CWM Combustion of Stoker 343Li Nianping, Zhao Juying, Zhang Jingwen, Zhang Guoqiang

High—Ash—Content Coals Burning Optimization 349S. V. Makarytchev & Ren Anlu

An Analytical Study on Abrasion of "Y" Type Coal-Water Slurry Burner 352Xia Dehong, Xu Wenli & Wang Shijun

Researches on the Large—Scale Coal Water Slurry Burners 355

Cao Xinyu, Yao Qiang, Liu Jianzhong, Tu Jianhua, Zhao Xiang, Huang Zhengyu& Cen Kefa

Investigation of Ignition and Flamestability for Low—volatile Pulverized Coal with 361Slitting Bluff-Body BurnerQian Renzhang, Shi Xuefeng & Zhen Yuan ping

Development of Low NOxBurner for Pulverized Coal Combustion 364

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Htnnobu Kobayashi, Shigeru Azuhata & Shigeki Morita

Effect of Adding Sorbent on SO2and NOxEmission in Pulverized Coal Combustion 369ProcessesZeng Hancai, Lu Huanyao, Guo Jia & Zhong Wenying

Experiment Studying on a New Pulverized Coal Combustor—Gasification and Dust 373Removing CombustorDing Yulong & Cong Daqiang

Ignition and Auxiliary Combustion of Pulverized Coal in a FB Furnace for Power 376

PlantLiu Baiqian & Fu Zhenzong

Development of Technology for Very Low Volatile Matter Anthracite on 380Conventional 4-Corner Tangential Firing BoilersChen Jiaxian

Flame Stability Analysis for Tangentially Fired Utility Boilers 389Zhang Mingchuan & Xu Xuchang

Study of Turbulence Problems in Pulverized-Coal Combustion 395

liu Yanchun & Xu Jianshi

The Study on Model Experiment for Babcock-Vortex Burner and the Improvement 399of the Burner on the BoilerLi Zhenzhong, Huang Qili & Zhang Jingwu

An Aerodynamic Experimental Analysis of Tangential Fired Furnace with 406Cross—Section of High Length—Width RatioChi Zuohe, Ma Huaijun, Luo Weihong, Zhu Zhenjn & Cen Kefa

Study on Aerodynamic Characteristic of Swirl Burner by Cooling Similarity 412Zhang Yongan, Li Chunsheng, Wang Qiang, Xian Jingyang, Wu Shaoan

&LiChengzhi

A Model with the Imaginary Plane Method for Radiative Heat Transfer in Furnace 418

of Utility BoilersDong Peng, Ruan Liming, Wu Shaohua, Qin Yukun & Xun Jinyuan

Precise Interpret of the Density Distribution of Heat-Flow on Boiler's 424Membrane-Wall SurfaceZhou Yigong

Heat Flux Distribution in a Pulverized—Coal, Tangentially—Fired Furnace 429Guo Hongsheng, Xu Tongmo, Hui Shien & Xu Jinyuan

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Measurement of Instantaneous Coal—Fired Heat Rate Using Accurate Emissions 435DataFred D. Lang

A Fixed Heat Flow Meter and Heat Flux Absorption in a Furnace 445Ge Rongsheng

The Numerical Calculation of Three—Dimensional Flow Field and Temperature 449Field in Boiler FurnaceSun Zhaoxing, Ding Shi fa & Wang Yaqin

Mathematical Model of a Slagging Pulverized Coal Gasifier 455Peter Schoen

Experimental and Numerical Modeling for the Flow Field in Conversion Furnace 463Ying Danyang, Xu Hongbin, Zhang Songlong & Zhang Zhen

Mathematical Simulation on Sorbent Direct Injection into a One—Dimention 469Pulverized Coal Test Furnace for Capture SOX

Zhang Zhongxiao, Yu Ronghua, Duan Zheng & Li Yong

Installation and Operating Experience with 15 to 25 MW Agricultural and Wood 474Waste Fueled Power Plants in the United StatesDavid Precht & Wang Chi-Chung

Discussing Technical Transformation of Oil—Fired Boiler on the Basis of 482Transforming Oil—Fired Boilers to Coal—Fired Boilers Installed by Our CompanyYu Tianhai

Study on Design of Single Drum Black Liquor Recover Boiler 489

Wang Zhaoyong

Bagasse Combustion Technique and Its Application to Thermo—Electric 493Cogeneration

Chen Zhenlin

Experimental Study on Complete Combustibility of Briquettes with Inorganic 500BindersZhang Quanguo, Zhang Bailiang, Liu Shengyong & Gu Yu

The Combustion Technique of Side-Blown for a Boiler with Chain Grate Stoker 503Zhang Yin fa

Research on Design Method of Chain Grate 508

Chen Qingping

Recent Developments in Flue Gas Desulfurization 517

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Wen-Jia Chen & Sen-Min Chang

The Experimental Research on the Fluidization Technique Used to Ash Removing 522on the Botto. 1 Plate of Bag FiltersWang Yuping, Wang Zeming & Zhao Zhuying

PAFP Activzted Carbon Process for Stack SO2Recovery as Sulfuric Acid 527

Chen Jilu

Study on Flash Devolatilization for Two Chinese Lignites 532

Yan Yongje. Wang Jie & Zou Chizi

Effect of Mixed catalyst on Steam—Char Gasification 537Sang Done Kim & Byung Ho Song

Combustion of Methanol-Air Mixture in a Closed Chamber Ignited by a Pulsed Jet 545Plume of Hydrogen FlameKazunori Wakai, Shunsuke Kito & Shoshi Shimizu

The Self Desulfurization Investigation of CaO Rich Coals 551

Xu Tongmo, Hui Shien, Liu Zhongjin, Jiang Huishu, Guo Hongsheng, Wang Cuiling,

Chen Yili & Zou Xuzhao

Study of Regularity of Sulphur Evolution during Coal Combustion 556Lu Chunmei & Xu Bingsong

Effect of Additives on Combustion of Bituminous and Anthracite 562Xu Guheng, Jiang Junyan & Zhang Hesheng

Studies for Effects of Turbulence on Pre-mixed Combustion Process of Methanol 569Lin Xie, M. Kono, Li Jingding, Shen Hongfeng & Chu Shuhua

Multi—thermal Gravity Curves Method in Coal Combustion Thermal Analysis 574Wang Yanpeng, Zhang Xiaopeng, Zhu Jianning & Zhou Yuming

Analysis and Prevention of Sub-Cooled Boiling in the Industrial Hot-Water Boilers 579Zhang Mengzhu, Cheng Lin & Tian Maocheng

Measurement of Mass Flow Rate and Quality of Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow 584

Using One Single Drag Flow Rate Meter

Fu Feng, Zhao Zaisan & Cao Weiwu

Experimental Study of Tube Response in Flow for Helical Tube Steam Generator 588Bo Hanliang, Song Zhijan, Shen Shi fang & Jia Dounan

Boiling Heat Transfer in Smooth and Ribbed Tubes at Subcritical and 592Near-Critical PressureT. K. Chen, X. Z. Chen.J. X. Zheng & X. J. Chen

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Analysis of Hydrodynamic Instabilities for 600MW Supercritical Pressure 598Once—Through Boiler During Start-Up PeriodTian Yongsheng, Chen Tingkuan, Qi Guangze & Zhu Guozheng

Feasibility Research on Heat Pipe Air Primary Heater for Power Plant 604Wu Cunzhen, Hu Jiangen & Hu Yacai

Mathematical Modeling for Performance Analysis of Power Boiler in Operation 607Zhou Keyi & Zhang Chengyue

Laminar Entrance Flow and Heat Transfer in Finned Tube Annuli 613Hsieh Shou Shing & Lin Chang Chun

Prediction of Heat Exchanger Tube—Support Impact Force and Wear 621Shen Shi fang, Ding Chuanyi & Wang Tianhua

Cleaning Technique of Tubular Air Heater in Boiler with High Pressure Water Jet 626C. T. Li & Q.T.Zhou

Theoretical Analysis and Test Investigation on Calculation Method of Thermal 629

Deviation and Tube Wall Temperature of Superheater and Reheater inHigh-Capacity Utility Boiler

Liu Linhua, Yang Zongxuan & Wang Menghao

The Result of the Investigation on Temperature Deviation Between Parallel Tubes of 633Superheater and Reheater Panels in Utility Boilers and Its ApplicationWang Menghao & Yang Zongxuan

Sub—Channel Mixing in Rod Bundles 638X.Wu&A.C. Trupp

Heat Transfer in Radiative—Disturbing Air—Preheater 645

Yu Jun, Zhong Zhiying, Shen Yan & Liu Fengming

Experimental Study of Ash Erosion Property 650Jin Weiqiang, Sun Jiaqing & Shi Qiguang

The Stress Analysis of Heavy Thick-Walled Components of Boiler 654Zeng Fanlin, Lin Hongshu & Wang Xucheng

Heat Transfer Characteristics Study on Two—Phase Open Thermosyphon and Its 659ApplicationZhu Hua, Sun Zhifang, Hong Ronghua & Tu Chuanjng

The Study of the Software Package in Computer Aided Calculation of the Boiler 664Xie Hailong, Wang Min, YangJiqing & Jiang Anzhong

Recoverable Heat Analysis for Industrial Flue Gas 669

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Ma Xianguo & Chen Zhihang

Enhanced Heat Transfer in a Channel Using Spherical Turbulators 674P. Cheng, T. H. Hwang, A. Chowdhury & Y. Cai

Ash Cooling and Removal from Fluidized Bed Combustion Boilers 680Zhou Ruqiang A Shi Shangda

The Study of Realizing Method of Computer Aided Design of Boiler 683Wang Jinming, Xie Hailong, Wang Xiuqing <£ Cao Juan

Application of Optic Fiber Transducer to Measure Two Phase Flow Patterns 688Gao Huahun, Zhang Zengqing, Li Chongxiang, Lian Guopn & Tian Shuiquan

TURBINE

Advanced Technology of High Efficiency Steam Turbine 695M. Matsukuma & M. Tsuchiya

Feasibility Study for the Combustion Turbine Repowering of North Bangkok Power 703PlantUnits 1,2& 3P. Kemeny

A Comprehensive Evaluation of 200MW Turbine—Generators — Thermodynamic 728Performance, Operating Modes and Reliability AnalysesJiang Yong, Pen Jingxin & Zhou Liangmao

Considering Shaft Torsional Oscillation in the Design of Large Turbine Governing 734Systemyu Daren & Xu Jiyu

Microcomputer Finds the Guaranteed Performance of a Turbine—Generator in 739Simplified Acceptance TestJiang Yong & L. M. Zhou

The Realization of Optimal Starting and the Design of Starting Controller of 745200MW Steam TurbineXu Weiyong, Zhang Guangrong & Shen Aiguo

The Experimental Study of Digital Control System of Steam Turbine with Hydraulic 752Stepping MortorYie Rongxue, Liu Baojun & Li Xueyuan

An Adding Stage Design, Whole Set Adjusting Test and a Study on Return Flow of 755the Axial CompressorHou Shuangting & Xue Heng

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Application of Research Results and Operating Experience of FCC Expanders to the 761Development of PFBC ExpanderLu Pengfei

CAD in Design of Thermal Turbine Rotors 767Huang Shuhong, He Guoqiang & Wang Hong

The Analysis and Calculation on the End—Splitter Cascade for Improving the 773Pneumatic Property of Long Blade stator CascadeTaoZhengliang, Zhou Dongmei & Zhang Zhigong

The Calculation of Flow Field in Tandem Cascades and Cascades with Splitter 777Vanes of TurbomachineryShi Daozhong

Identification of Failures of Long Turbine Blades by Telemetry and FEM Analysis 781/. A. Kubiak, A. Camera, O. Yrigoyen, J. M. Ojeda & A. Ramirez

Theoretical Research of Untwist Angle of Steam Turbine Blade 791Tsui Shutsun & Li Jie

Investigation of the Hard Salts—Deposit Cleaning from Turbine Blades with 798High-Pressure Water-Solid Two-Phase JetQ. T. Zhou & C. T. Li

Numerical Study on a Zigzag Channel Flow 802Huang Hai, Liu Feng, Lu Zhenhua & Xi Shitong

Experiment Investigation of Axial Double-Flow Vaneless Nozzle 807J. M. Liu, B. Liu & Y. M. Xiang

Fundamental Principles of Condenser Operation 811Edward G. Saxon & Hu Liye

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

On Current Status and Future Development of Dual Fuel Engines 817Fei Shaomei, Yan Zhaoda & Yu Xiaoli

Experimental Studies for Improving Combustion Processes in S. I. Engines Using 826High—Voltage Electrostatic FieldsXia Laiqing, Huang Haiyu, Jin Hui, Du Dexing & Shen Hongfeng

Testing for Dynamic Parameters of Diesel Generator Sets 831Cheng Yong, Zhang Limei, Wu Bo & Huang Yiliang

PAPERS NOT AVAILABLE BY THE TIME FOR PUBLICATION 836

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