neutrino factories and muon colliders
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Neutrino Factories and Muon Colliders. Leo Jenner. Overview. Physics motivation Size and layout Neutrino factory -> Muon Collider Collaboration UK effort Opportunities ISS CDR: http://www.hep.ph.ic.ac.uk/iss/reports/ISS-AcceleratorWG-final.pdf. ‘Why does the universe exist?’. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Neutrino Factories and Neutrino Factories and Muon CollidersMuon Colliders
Leo JennerLeo Jenner
Wed 12th MarWed 12th Mar 22
OverviewOverview Physics motivationPhysics motivation Size and layoutSize and layout Neutrino factory -> Muon ColliderNeutrino factory -> Muon Collider CollaborationCollaboration UK effortUK effort OpportunitiesOpportunities
ISS CDR: ISS CDR:
http://www.hep.ph.ic.ac.uk/iss/reports/ISS-http://www.hep.ph.ic.ac.uk/iss/reports/ISS-
AcceleratorWG-final.pdfAcceleratorWG-final.pdf
Wed 12th MarWed 12th Mar 33
‘‘Why does the universe Why does the universe exist?’exist?’
Only exotic theories incorporate a big bang with Only exotic theories incorporate a big bang with unequal particles, anti-particles and photons at unequal particles, anti-particles and photons at beginning of universebeginning of universe
Today nB/nToday nB/nγγ ≈ 6x10 ≈ 6x10-10-10
MuchMuch annihilation in early universe, but not perfectannihilation in early universe, but not perfect CP-violation provides a possible solution: observed CP-violation provides a possible solution: observed
CP-violation in quark sector only makes one galaxy…CP-violation in quark sector only makes one galaxy… CP-violation of heavy Majorana neutrinos could CP-violation of heavy Majorana neutrinos could
provide the answerprovide the answer Recent discoveries have caused excitement: Recent discoveries have caused excitement:
oscillations mean massoscillations mean mass Study of neutrinos can give information about Study of neutrinos can give information about
extremely high energies via the See-saw mechanismextremely high energies via the See-saw mechanism nnνν/n/nγγ ≈ 1/3 ≈ 1/3
Wed 12th MarWed 12th Mar 44
73km
ILC
CLIC
or RAL?
VLHC
How big would a neutrino factory / muon collider be?
Wed 12th MarWed 12th Mar 55
Muon beams make neutrino Muon beams make neutrino beamsbeams
mμ/me = 207 beamstrahlung, bremstrahlung, initial
state radiation considerably lower low energy spread: dp/p=0.003% which
gives scanning precision (A0 , H0)
But muon lifetime: 2.2 microseconds rapid acceleration and cooling required 4 MW 10 GeV proton beam gives required
10^21 muons / year
Wed 12th MarWed 12th Mar 66
FETS RFQ
Beam
FETS chopper
Fast chopping section
Slow chopper and beam dump
Gran Sasso, Soudan Mine, Boulby, Homestake, Kamioka...
RF cavities create bunching in the beam
Bunch rotator reduces energy spread by rotating bunch in longitudinal phase space
dE----------------------------------------------
dXERFERF
Absorber RF Cavities
dE----------------------------------------------
dXERFERF
dE----------------------------------------------
dXERFERF
Absorber RF Cavities
Ionisation Cooling: Liquid H2 absorber, see MICE
FFAG II(8-20GeV)
I SS Baseline (preliminary)I SS Baseline (preliminary)
Wed 12th MarWed 12th Mar 77
Low energy muon physics
Neutrino Physics
Energy frontier collider (1.5 – 4
TeV)
Wed 12th MarWed 12th Mar 88
ArgonneBNL
BudkerCERN
ColumbiaCornell
DLDESY
FermilabIIT
ImperialINFN
IndianaJINRJlab
KarlsruheKEK
LancasterLBNL
Michigan StateMississippi
Northern IllinoisOak Ridge
OsakaOxfordPohang
PrincetonRAL
Tel AvivTriumf
UC-BerkeleyUC-Los Angeles
UC-RiversideUniversity of
Chicago
BrunelBrunel A. Khan, P. Kyberd, J.J. NebrenskyA. Khan, P. Kyberd, J.J. Nebrensky
CCLRC DaresburyCCLRC Daresbury A. Moss, M. PooleA. Moss, M. Poole
GlasgowGlasgow F. J. P. Soler, K. WalaronF. J. P. Soler, K. Walaron
Lancaster & Cockcroft Accelerator Lancaster & Cockcroft Accelerator CentreCentre
R. Seviour, M. StablesR. Seviour, M. Stables
LiverpoolLiverpool P. Cooke, R. GametP. Cooke, R. Gamet
Imperial College LondonImperial College London G. Barber, R. Beuselinck, P. Dornan, R. Flack, A. G. Barber, R. Beuselinck, P. Dornan, R. Flack, A. Jamdagni, Jamdagni,
K. Long, T. Matsushita, D. R. Price, C. Rogers, J. K. Long, T. Matsushita, D. R. Price, C. Rogers, J. Sedgbeer, Sedgbeer,
M. TakahashiM. Takahashi
Oxford & John Adams InstituteOxford & John Adams Institute M. Apollonio, J. H. Cobb, P. Lau, W. Lau, S. YangM. Apollonio, J. H. Cobb, P. Lau, W. Lau, S. Yang
CCLRC RALCCLRC RAL D.E. Baynham, T.W. Bradshaw, M. Courthold, P. D.E. Baynham, T.W. Bradshaw, M. Courthold, P. Drumm, Drumm,
R. Edgecock, M. Hills, Y. Ivanyushenkov, A. R. Edgecock, M. Hills, Y. Ivanyushenkov, A. Jones, W.J. Murray, C. Nelson, J.H. Rochford, K. Jones, W.J. Murray, C. Nelson, J.H. Rochford, K. Tilley, K. WalaronTilley, K. Walaron
SheffieldSheffield C. N. Booth, P. Hodgson, L. Howlett, R. C. N. Booth, P. Hodgson, L. Howlett, R. Nicholson, P.J. SmithNicholson, P.J. Smith
UK MICE Collaboration
Wed 12th MarWed 12th Mar 99
UK involvement / SynergiesUK involvement / Synergies
Proton driver front end test standProton driver front end test stand– beam chopping, RFQbeam chopping, RFQ– Ifmif, subcritical reactors, ISISIfmif, subcritical reactors, ISIS
Solid target R&D Solid target R&D – 1MW 20001MW 2000°°C thermal shocks C thermal shocks
MICEMICE– εε┴┴ ~ 7 mm ~ 7 mm , 1000X more in each transverse , 1000X more in each transverse
dimension, » 10X in longitudinal for muon dimension, » 10X in longitudinal for muon collidercollider
EMMAEMMA– FFAGs, medical applicationsFFAGs, medical applications
Wed 12th MarWed 12th Mar 1010
• MICE in 200 MeV muon beam at RAL• Design, build, commission & operate realistic section of cooling channel• SciFi tracker already has Liverpool engineering effort• Measure performance in variety of operating modes & beam conditions
Results will inform the NF CDR Engineering is challenging
Wed 12th MarWed 12th Mar 1111
MICE assembled in steps
I & II characterise beam
III control systematics
IV demonstrate cooling
V cooling + re-acceleration
VI full lattice section
PHASE I
PHASE II
Q4/07
Q2/08
Q1/09
Q3/09
Q1/10
• Beam transport tuneable 140 – 240 MeV/c
• Lead diffuser emittances of 2, 6, 10 (p) mm-rad
• Aim is 600 muons / 1 msec ‘spill’ @ 1Hz through MICE
• Extensively studied with linear optics codes + GEANT4 simulations
Wed 12th MarWed 12th Mar 1212
Test stand at Daresbury
(under construction) to
commission parts of RF
amplifier system
First MuCOOL 201 MHz cavity
(LBL & JLAB)
Successfully tested at Fermilab
16 MV/m after 5 days conditioning
Wed 12th MarWed 12th Mar 1313
RF LAYOUTRF LAYOUT
2 MW Amplifier
Master OscillatorControls etc
201 MHz Cavity Module
2 MW Amplifier
2 MW Amplifier
201 MHz Cavity Module
CERN300 kW Amplifier
300 kW Amplifier
300 kW Amplifier
300 kW Amplifier
HT Supplies
Los Alamos
HT Supplies
ASTeC
2 MW Amplifier
LBNL
Wed 12th MarWed 12th Mar 1414
o Non-scaling FFAG
o Many technical issues poorly understood
o Prototype is best way forward
o See Maxim’s talk
o ( Joel , David )
EMMA
Wed 12th MarWed 12th Mar 1515
ConclusionsConclusions
Science program appears to be Science program appears to be favoured by STFC – medium/long term favoured by STFC – medium/long term experimentexperiment
Small footprint – no new facility Small footprint – no new facility requiredrequired
Much R&D taking place now – many Much R&D taking place now – many challenges remainingchallenges remaining
Good deal of UK involvementGood deal of UK involvement
Wed 12th MarWed 12th Mar 1616
Science Case ****Science Case **** Technical Issues and Challenges ****Technical Issues and Challenges **** Scale of UK support ****Scale of UK support **** Involvement Opportunities ****Involvement Opportunities ****