INTRODUCTION

The game of netball required different equipment, coaching techniques, technical rules and

regulations, and venues. In regard to equipment for instance, it requires specific ball for the

game (Navin, A., 2008). This assignment attempt to develop a brief module of netball game

that covers some fundamental history of the event in Malaysia, equipment involves venue and

some basic training guide for a starter. In the initial part of this brief module, the writer will

explain the nature of netball. What are the requirements in the event particularly? What are

the suitable coaching techniques to be taught to newcomers? – are some of the questions that

will be answered in this part. This module will briefly elucidate the netball event from the

historical perspective. By looking from the historical perspective of the event, we will be able

to understand the current dominance of the event especially in major meets such as

Commonwealth Games. In this module, I will also briefly elucidate the equipment involves

and suitable venue for the event. These will be elucidated and presented in this small module.

The final part of this module will explain some basic training guide to netballer. A step by

step guide will be given in order to ease coaches and teachers to train their athletes. The guide

shows in this module is suitable for a newcomer for this game.

HISTORY AND BRIEF BACKGROUND IN MALAYSIA

Netball is a sport that is played among the women and men. The rapid growth and

development of this game have triggered netball as one of the favourite sports of international

arena, particularly among Commonwealth countries (Shakespeare & Caldow, 2009). Dr.

James Naismith, a Canadian, has introduced indoor sports for students of Physical Training

College, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA in 1891. He uses a ball large enough to be easily

received and sent, and cannot run with the ball. Goals that are used are made of basket parked

on higher ground as a challenge to be able to focus on skills. In addition to strength, Dr.

James Naismith set of thirteen (13) of the laws of the game. The game gained popularity

when nets were introduced and legal aspects of the facility as well as purified and Netball

created. Basketball brought to England from the United States by Dr. Toles when he visited

the College P.T. Österberg in 1895 (Shakespeare & Caldow, 2009). He introduces scored a

game where the ball into the dustbin. Madam Österberg team gained an international

reputation through Dartford College. In 1897, netball is played on a grass field in the United

Kingdom. After more sophisticated games, zone of the new game, which depicts the ring, is

divided into three areas introduced. In 1957, at a meeting held in London, an agreement on

the use of the law was made jointly by England, Australia, New Zealand, Northern Ireland,

South Africa, United States and Wales. International Federation was formed in a meeting

held in Ceylon in August 1960. The meeting was attended by representatives from England,

Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Ceylon and the West Indies. Constitutional and legal

ethics international game agreed upon during the meeting. Originally, netball was introduced

in Malaya by missionaries Christian missionaries from England to students of primary school

English in the Straits Settlements in the days of British rule. In the late 1960s, the Schools

Sports Council of Malaysia (MSSM) is established under the leadership of Chairman

Technical Mrs. Teh Gin Sooi, netball started to grow extensively. From the 1970s until the

late 1980s, the Malaysian netball was played in female students in schools, colleges,

universities and government departments and clubs. NSW Netball Association is the first

association registered with the Registrar in the early 1970s. This was followed by several

other states such as Penang, Perak, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor and Pahang. Some state

associations affiliated with the Malaysian Netball Association (PBJM). Malaysian Netball

Association (PBJM) was established on March 21, 1978 under the patronage of HRH

Almarhumah Tengku Ampuan Pahang. Until 1990 when the State Netball Association

received application from some affiliates, making the final state is established. The PBJM has

16 affiliates comprising 13 Affiliates from 3 states and non-state Affiliates of the Royal

Malaysia Police, Army Malaysia and the National Electricity Board. In 1990, the National

Electricity Board also becomes Tenaga Nasional Berhad. PBJM is currently having 17

Affiliates that consists of all the 14 states in Malaysia and three non-state Affiliates. PBJM

has joined forces with the Olympic Council of Malaysia (OCM) was established in 1980 by

the International Basketball Federation (IFNA) starting from 1982. When the Asian Netball

Federation was founded in 1985, Malaysia became one of the founding members. One of the

main activities is organizing the tournament PBJM ball nets at the national level. Two annual

tournament held at the national level is the National Basketball Championship Basketball

Championship and Under 21 Years. National Netball Championships (KBJK) has been held

since 1979. It is open to all affiliates. Netball Championship Under-21 started in 1984. A

championship at the national level is the field for the selection of players to international

level.

DESCRIPTION, RULES AND VENUE OF NETBALL GAME

Plate 1: The dimension of netball court

Similar to basketball, the netball is played on hard courts with loop points pointed end of the

court. The ball is also resembled to a basketball, but lighter, smaller, slightly softer in

construction and mostly white. The netball circles have smaller dimensions and lower than a

basketball circle, and also it does not have a board background. The dimension of netball

courts are divided into three that controls the movement of each individual in the team, and

two half- circle "circle scorers - (shooting circles)" at each end where the entire throws- goal

needs to be done. There are seven players on each team, appointed, designated position.

Every player must wear a "bib", as indicated in Table 1 to show the player's position. Each

player is allowed only at certain angles in the court: players out of their position are

considered "one of the - (offside)". The rating is described below:

POSITION IN NETBALL

Position Abbreviation Against Permitted area(s)

Goal Shooter

GS Goal Keeper.

Attacking goal third including goal circle

Goal Attack GA Goal Defense

Attacking goal third, goal circle, and center third

Wing Attack WA Wing defense

Attacking goal third and center third, excluding goal circle

Centre C Centre Everywhere except goal circles

Wing Defense

WD Wing Attack

Defensive goal third and centre third, excluding goal circle

Goal Defense

GD Goal Attack Defensive goal third and centre third, including goal circle

Goal Keeper GK Goal Shooter

Defensive goal third, including goal circle

Table 1: Position in netball

In terms of its playing venue, netball court is slightly larger than a basketball court, the width

of 30.5m and 15.25m. The line length is called the line side and the long line known as the

Line Goals (Goal Lines). This line is divided into three regions of equal size. The size of the

middle ring is about 90cm diameter center. Half circle diameter (radius) 4.9m on each line is

known as the Goal Circle. The width of the ring is not more than 50mm. The goal posts are

3.05m tall from the top of the loop. The rings are approximately 380mm and 150mm from the

post. The loop is made of steel 15mm diameter.

Plate 2: The features of goal post.

EQUIPMENT AND ATTIRE

The most important equipment game is the ball. It is made of leather. However, rubber balls

and other materials are also often used in the making of the balls. For the seniors, the

circumference of the ball used is 690 - 710mm and weighing 400-450 grams, just like

football. Junior players use balls that are smaller and lighter.

Plate 3: The netball produced by manufacturer

Clothing player is currently experiencing a very interesting change. Traditional clothing such

as short skirts and collared white shirt is now converted into a tight shirt and shorts and multi-

coloured shirts. This clothing is very popular amongst netballers. Many teams have the same

colour clothes tracks used during warm-up. However, the clothing is sometimes subject to

cultural and religious definitions. Among Muslim women in Malaysia, for instance, they are

required to observe their aurah even during sports activities including netball.

Plate 4: The ordinary clothing for netballers

Plate 5: Muslim women team wear attire that is suitable for them

Shoes are also changing, with many manufacturers started to produce special shoes for the

game of netball. Appropriate footwear is shock absorbent, supportive soles and soft and

comfortable to wear. As netball is a game without a twist, use of safety equipment is very

limited. There are few countries that wrap the ankle of his players to avoid injury. There are

also players who wear mouth guards. In arena, the post wrapped to prevent serious injury in

the event of a collision.

BASIC TRAINING GUIDE

Indeed, basic skills are very important in sports known by the players. The purpose of skill

should also be informed. The player was informed about it since childhood - a child or since

he was at primary school level. The reason is that the skills will continue to improve over

time and adapted to the stage and condition of the sport. Coaches hence play a vital role

enhancing the skills of the player. Coaches will correct mistakes and give players advice and

guidance as needed. In netball, specific skill needs should be obtained if the player really

wanted to succeed. These skills involve aspects of body control, stamina, teamwork and ball

control. Generally, there are two types of skills in this game.

First and foremost, the basic personal skills involve movement of the feet, hands and

body. Secondly, ball handling skills involve capturing, throwing, controlling, prevent and

selectivity. This skill also involves sending (throws), grabbing, jumping and control

(blocking). Therefore, systematic training is needed to improve the skills of the players.

Catching

There are two ways to catch the ball, the catch with one hand and catching with two hands.

To be a good player, one should be able to catch the ball properly. Most effective if the player

catches the ball with two hands and in the meantime he looked quick ball movement. When

shooting the ball, the player should use the second - two hands: one hand or if it should be

immediately followed by the other hand. Then, hold the ball correctly, one hand holding the

top and back of the ball, while the other hand holds the bottom and front of the ball. Players

must be in a state of readiness and can respond quickly even when - while not unexpected.

Sending

There are different - different ways to send or throw the ball, and it depends on some distance

between the players, the players stumbling and efficiency. The ball can be in motion or

standing with one or two hands. Deliveries can be made pushing the ball, throwing, swipe or

through the head. When the ball is sending and receiving by a player to another, they must

understand each other.

Delivered shoulder level - delivery is often done. This shoulder is cast far and high. This will

not be caught or grabbed easily by opponents. Deliveries will be more powerful and

accurate. Such delivery may be made to the front of the receivers.

Delivered at breast - breast height is sending a strong delivery, fast and for the not so

distance. Deliveries are suitable for the fast and do not require immediate action.

Bounce pass - it is often used when there are many players gathered in one - one of the court,

especially the close to the network. This low pass only and do when players block higher of

the players who make or take delivery. Submissions can bounce thrown with one or two

hands, and often with both hands.

Passing on the head - this is similar to sending a pass in the done in football, except the

player's feet are a bit loose in the throw ball net. Passing on the head is used when players

involved guarded or blocked by an opponent.

Passing sight - Delivery can be made low and under if the barrier straightens his arm forward

to stop. Deliveries can be made using one or two hands. However, this submission is rarely

used because less accurate and sometimes - sometimes difficult to accept.

The movement away

In the game of netball, leg movement is one of the essential skills. For this skill, a player

must use her speed and distance. There are several ways in which the movement of the foot

can be practised in the game of netball. Foot movement skills often always associated with

other skills. Foot movement here means that when a player has received the ball, he jump or

jumped while sending and shooting. Players can practice these skills easily and avoid another

either during delivery, receiving the ball and scored.

Control and avoid

Players should be able to be the aggressor and stumbling once. Then each player must

skilfully attack or block. He should master the basic skill of catching and throwing the ball.

While attacking, the player must move swiftly across his opponent and to the open for a pass.

Players can leave the opponent or escape from opponents to dodge, jump or change direction

while running. Each movement must be done quickly. Players who take delivery of their part

should also move quickly either forward or to the side of the player who makes the delivery

so she could avoid blocked by an opponent.

When controlling, preventing opposing players must make delivery or network. As a

deterrent, the player will control the opponent and the ball will be thrown. When controlling

and preventing, players must guess the direction or path of the ball to be thrown. Typically,

the control is done one on one. Each player will control his opponent throughout the game.

Trawling

Shooting is another important skill in this game. Each player must skilfully score the point for

their teams. Although only two players allowed to score, but the players - other players

should also learn the shooting skills. The goal can be done in any place within the circle

network. The key is that it needs to be adapted in a way to catch the ball, the scorer of the

circle mesh and barrier height. These skills required accuracy on the target network and ring

nets.

REFERENCES

Shakespeare, W & Caldow, M. (2009). Netball-steps to success (2nd ed.). Human Kinetics: United States

Navin, A. (2008). Netball-skills, techniques, tactics. Crowood Press: Marlborough