nes 720 waste disposal policy - category 2

Waste Disposal Policy

Ministry of Defence Defence Standard 02-720

Issue 2 Publication Date 09 September 2002

Category 2

AMENDMENTS ISSUED SINCE PUBLICATION

AMD NO DATE OFISSUE

TEXT AFFECTED SIGNATURE &DATE

Revision Note

This Issue of this Standard has been prepared to incorporate changes to text and presentation.The technical content has been updated in line with current practice.

Historical Record

NES 720 Issue 1 Jan 82NES 720 Issue 2 Oct 87NES 720 Issue 3 Sep 91DEF STAN 02-720 Issue 1 Apr 00

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DEFENCE STANDARD 02720 (NES 720)

WASTE DISPOSAL POLICY

ISSUE 2

This Defence Standard is

authorized for use in MOD contracts

by the Defence Procurement Agency and

the Defence Logistics Organization

Published by:

Defence Procurement AgencyAn Executive Agency of The Ministry of DefenceUK Defence StandardizationKentigern House65 Brown StreetGlasgow G2 8EX

DEF STAN 02720 / ISSUE 2(NES 720)

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SCOPE

1. This Defence Standard (DEF STAN) covers the Ministry of Defence (MOD) policy for fittingout HM Surface Ships to comply with international, national and service requirements for thecollection, containment, treatment and disposal of all forms of waste arising on-board shipsincluding sewage, garbage, oil and oily water and waste waters (but excluding nuclear waste).


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FOREWORD

Sponsorship

1. This Defence Standard (DEF STAN) is sponsored by the Warships Support Agency (WSA),Ministry of Defence (MOD).

2. Any user of this Standard either within MOD or in industry may propose an amendment toit. Proposals for amendments that are not directly applicable to a particular contract shallbe made to the publishing authority identified on Page (i), and those directly applicable to aparticular contract shall be dealt with using contract procedures.

3. If it is found to be unsuitable for any particular requirement, MOD shall be informed inwriting of the circumstances.

4. No alteration shall be made to this Standard except by the issue of an authorized amendment.

5. Unless otherwise stated, reference in this Standard to approval, approved, authorized andsimilar terms means by the MOD in writing.

6. Any significant amendments that may be made to this Standard at a later date will beindicated by a vertical sideline. Deletions will be indicated by 000 appearing at the end of theline interval.

7. Extracts from British Standards quoted within this Standard have been included with thepermission of the British Standards Institution.

8. This Standard has been reissued to reflect changes in departmental nomenclature and thechanges to technical requirements.

Conditions of Release

General

9. This Standard has been devised solely for the use of the MOD, and its contractors in theexecution of contracts for the MOD. To the extent permitted by law, the MOD hereby excludesall liability whatsoever and howsoever arising (including but without limitation, liabilityresulting from negligence) for any loss or damage however caused when the Standard is usedfor any other purpose.

10. This document is Crown Copyright and the information herein may be subject to Crown orthird party rights. It shall not be released, reproduced or published without writtenpermission of the MOD.

11. The Crown reserves the right to amend or modify the contents of this Standard withoutconsulting or informing any holder.

MOD Tender or Contract Process

12. This Standard is the property of the Crown. Unless otherwise authorized in writing by theMOD it shall be returned on completion of the contract, or submission of the tender, inconnection with which it is issued.

13. When this Standard is used in connection with a MOD tender or contract, the user shall ensurethat he is in possession of the appropriate version of each document, including relateddocuments, relevant to each particular tender or contract. Enquiries in this connection maybe made to the authority named in the tender or contract.

14. When Defence Standards are incorporated into MOD contracts, users are responsible for theircorrect application and for complying with contractual and any other statutory requirements.Compliance with a Defence Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.


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Categories of Standard

15. The Category of this Standard has been determined using the following criteria:

a. Category 1. If not applied may have a Critical affect on the following:

Safety of the vessel, its complement or third parties.

Operational performance of the vessel, its systems or equipment.

b. Category 2. If not applied may have a Significant affect on the following:

Safety of the vessel, its complement or third parties.

Operational performance of the vessel, its systems or equipment.

Through life costs and support.

c. Category 3. If not applied may have a Minor affect on the following:

MOD best practice and fleet commonality.

Corporate Experience and Knowledge.

Current support practice.

Related Documents

16. In the tender and procurement processes the related documents listed in each section andAnnex A can be obtained as follows:

a. British Standards British Standards Institution,389 Chiswick High Road,London, W4 4AL.

b. Defence Standards Defence Procurement AgencyAn Executive Agency of The Ministry of DefenceUK Defence StandardizationKentigern House65 Brown StreetGlasgow G2 8EX

c. Other documents Tender or Contract Sponsor to advise.

17. All applications to MOD for related documents shall quote the relevant MOD Invitation toTender or Contract number and date, together with the sponsoring Directorate and theTender or Contract Sponsor.

18. Prime Contractors shall be responsible for supplying their subcontractors with relevantdocumentation, including specifications, standards and drawings.

Health and Safety

Warning

19. This Standard may call for the use of processes, substances and/or procedures that may beinjurious to health if adequate precautions are not taken. It refers only to technical suitabilityand in no way absolves either the supplier or the user from statutory obligations relating tohealth and safety at any stage of manufacture or use. Where attention is drawn to hazards,those quoted may not necessarily be exhaustive.

20. This Standard has been written, and shall be used, taking into account the policy stipulatedin JSP430 MOD Ship Safety Management System Handbook.

Additional Information

(There is no relevant information included)


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CONTENTSPage No

TITLE PAGE 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SCOPE 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FOREWORD 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sponsorship 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Conditions of Release 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Categories of Standard 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Related Documents 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Health and Safety 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Additional Information 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CONTENTS 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION 1. PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 Waste Minimization 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION 2. NATIONAL/INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS 7. . . . . . . . 2.1 Environmental Regulations 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION 3. MILITARY STANDARDS/REQUIREMENTS 8. . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION 4. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS/GUIDANCE 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 Environmentally Sound Design 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 Liquid Waste 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.1 Black Water (Sewage) Disposal 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Figure 4.1 Typical Example of Restricted Areas: Sewage Disposal 10. . . . . 4.2.1.1 MOD Policy 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.2 Grey Waters 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.2.1 MOD Policy 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.3 Oil and Bilge Water 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.3.1 MOD Policy 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 Solid Waste 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.1 Garbage (NonPlastic) 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Figure 4.2 Typical Example of Restricted Areas: Garbage (NonPlastic)

Disposal 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.1.1 MOD Policy 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.2 Plastics 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.2.1 MOD Policy 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.3 Food Wastes 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.3.1 MOD Policy 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.4 Sanitary Waste 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.4.1 MOD Policy 18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.5 Medical Waste 18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.5.1 MOD Policy 18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION 5. CORPORATE KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE 18. . . . . . 5.1 General 18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


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Page No

ANNEX A. RELATED DOCUMENTS 20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ANNEX B. ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS 21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ANNEX C. PROCUREMENT CHECK LIST 25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ALPHABETICAL INDEX 26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


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1. PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION

1.1 Waste Minimization

a . Equipment suppliers, ship designers, installation and maintenance staff andother ship staff shall seek to minimize both the amount of potential waste thatis brought onto the ship and the amount of waste generated through activitiesundertaken on-board the ship. Waste minimization shall be considered asintegral to reducing the overall Waste Disposal requirements of a ship. Allwaste disposal incurs cost.

b . Examples of changes that may be introduced at the design stage to contribute towaste minimization:

(1) Remove and dispose of all unnecessary packaging at the shore side,wherever possible;

(2) Within the constraints of cost and technical specification, aim to:

(a) Maximize inclusion of reusable, recyclable components anddisposable items, wherever practicable;

(b) Minimize water requirements if this subsequently generates greywater;

(c) Maximise use of aqueous based (as an alternative to VolatileOrganic Compound (VOC) based) products and biodegradablematerials, wherever practicable;

(d) Consider inherent `leakproof' designs, components andconnections;

(3) Ensure maintenance procedures emphasis prevention and earlycorrection of problems and that the information/instructions provided inhandbooks and manuals fully comply with this aim.

2. NATIONAL/INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS

Related Documents: MARPOL 73/78; JSP 418; BR 8623; see also Annex A.

2.1 Environmental Regulations

a . Existing and projected port, National and International regulations forpreventing pollution from ships will impose restrictions, or a total ban, on thedischarge into the sea of pollutants such as oil, sewage, garbage and plastic. Insome `Special Areas' there is, or will be, a ban on the overboard discharge ofcertain waste streams and/or materials.

b . Regulations aimed at the prevention of pollution from ships were first agreed atthe International Conference on Marine Pollution (the `London Conference') ofthe International Maritime Organizations (IMO) in 1973. These, together withthe modifications in the 1978 Protocol, are collectively known asMARPOL 73/78. Specific regulations to control the sources and discharge ofwastes generated from ships are contained in six Annexes of the Convention.

c . The Annexes to MARPOL 73/78 are:

(1) Annex I Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Oil;

(2) Annex II Regulations for the Control of Pollution by Noxious LiquidSubstances;


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(3) Annex III Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by HarmfulSubstances in Package Form;

(4) Annex IV Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Sewage;

(5) Annex V Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Garbage;

(6) Annex VI Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships.

d . The UK is presently a signatory to MARPOL 73/78 Annexes I, II, III, and V.Annex IV, however, has not yet been ratified.

e . MOD Policy guidance is published in JSP 418. The terms of the regulations andtheir application to HM Surface Ships and Submarines are given more fully inthe following sections covering individual waste streams and additionally inBR 8623.

3. MILITARY STANDARDS/REQUIREMENTS

(No relevant information included)

4. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS/GUIDANCE

Listed in Annex A.

4.1 Environmentally Sound Design

a . Environmental sound design has the following attributes:

(1) Compliance with National and International Environmental Legislationand Regulations at all times;

(2) No significant adverse environmental impact from its operations ordischarges (solids, liquids or gaseous emissions);

(3) Minimal dependence on shore facilities for waste/residue disposal;

(4) Minimal costs for waste management;

(5) Minimal use of hazardous materials in warship construction andin-service operations;

(6) Adequately trained and environmentally aware personnel to operate thesystems fitted to warships.

b . The requirements for the inclusion of procedures, equipment and facilities forthe prevention of pollution shall be considered at an early stage in the design ofa ship. In many instances it will be possible to positively influence thecompartment arrangements and equipment integration to minimize theimpact of the waste management on the crew and ship operations.

c . The operational role of any new ship, including the geographical areas in whichit will be expected to operate, shall be clearly defined prior to initiation of thedesign process. This will ensure that the appropriate waste managementsystems are selected and can be fully integrated into the ship design.


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4.2 Liquid Waste

a . Liquid wastes generated by HM Surface Ships and Submarines for which thereare regulations governing their discharge are:

(1) Black Water (sewage and liquid wastes from sick bay drains);

(2) Grey Waters;

(3) Bilge Water.

b . Black Water and Bilge Water are regulated internationally by MARPOL 73/78Annexes IV and I, respectively. Grey Waters are not covered by MARPOL 73/78but discharges are increasingly being controlled through National Regulations.

c . The requirements for disposal of liquid wastes are detailed in the followingsections.

4.2.1 Black Water (Sewage) Disposal

a . A number of countries already have national legislation governing sewagedischarges in their own waters and other countries are likely to introducesimilar legislation prior to MARPOL Annex IV coming into force when ratified.

b . The UK is a signatory to the MARPOL 73/78 Convention and is committed tocompliance with the principles stated in Annex IV.

c . Annex IV specifies the following restrictions for the discharge of black water:

(1) Untreated/stored black water (sewage) may only be discharged at sea inan area more than 12 nm from the nearest land or Antarctic ice shelvesand provided that the ship is moving at not less than 4 knots;

(2) Sewage shall always be discharged as far as possible from nearest land;

(3) Macerated and disinfected sewage may only be discharged in an area morethan 4 nm from nearest land;

(4) Within the 4 nm of nearest land and in harbour, allowable discharges arerestricted to those from approved sewage treatment plants where theeffluent complies with the standard laid down by the Convention.Approved plants are those certified by bodies (e.g. Lloyds, US Coastguard)authorized to act on behalf of the IMO.

d . Many governments already provide facilities for receiving sewage from ships atports and terminals. It is RN policy to equip all its ships with the equipment toenable the discharge of sewage to shore reception facilities wherever these areavailable. Once ratified, the Convention will require all signatories to providereception facilities for sewage.

e . To meet these requirements ships shall have to be fitted with plants for thetreatment or containment of sewage. Ships not so fitted shall be faced with thenecessity of closing down Water Closets (WC) and urinals when inside the 12 nmlimit and since the limits are measured from the Hydrographic Baselines thiscan be a considerable distance from port (e.g. the 12 nm limit is approximately100 miles from Glasgow as illustrated in Figure 4.1).


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Baselines where they differ fromthe low water line.

4 mile limit

12 mile limit

INNER RESTRICTED AREANo discharge except fully treatedsewage.

OUTER RESTRICTED AREADischarge of macerated sewagepermitted.

UNRESTRICTED AREANo restriction on discharge.

Belfast

Glasgow

Fort William

Mull

Barrow

DublinLiverpool

Isle

Skerryvore

Dubh Artach

IslayArran

Anglesey

IRISH SEA

ofMan

Hydrographic Dept.C (W) 233

7 6 W 4 3

7 6 W 4 3

N

N

Figure 4.1 Typical Example of Restricted Areas: Sewage Disposal


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4.2.1.1 MOD Policy

a . MOD policy is to fit all new design ships with IMO approved sewage plants thatare the most appropriate to the type of ship and to install the best practicablesystem in existing ships, on an opportunity basis, that will enable fullcompliance with Annex IV for the remainder of that ship's life.

b . The provision of a sewage treatment or holding system involves leading allsewage drains to a common point in the vicinity of the plant. In order to achievethis objective in the most practicable and economic manner the ship layoutshall take account of the drain runs by siting the sewage sources so that anadequate declivity (See DEF STAN 02-712 & 02-718) can be provided in theavailable vertical separation between sewage source and plant. In many ships itwill be necessary to install more than one plant.

c . If a vacuum collection system is used instead of a gravity system, the pipes willbe of a smaller diameter and consequently the declivity of the pipe runs may beminimized, thus making the routing of pipes through the ship easier.(See DEF STAN 02-718).

d . There are three main sewage treatment system options available:

(1) An approved sewage treatment plant that will permit complete freedom ofoperation in restricted waters and in harbour. The discharge of treatedeffluent is permitted;

(2) A sewage holding tank that provides the capacity to retain untreatedsewage on-board whilst inside the 12 nm limit. This may restrictoperational freedom if an extended presence is required in restrictedwaters or in ports with no reception facilities. The ship may need to traveloutside the 12 nm limit to discharge sewage. This is a suitable option forvessels working close to shore with frequent access to shore receptionfacilities;

(3) A combined maceration/disinfection and holding tank system thatenables the tank contents to be discharged beyond 4 nm from the nearestland. This extends the operational freedom of the ship enabling it tooperate close to shore without the need to travel outside the 12 nm limit orto shore reception facilities for sewage disposal.

e . The policy for fitting out ships to comply with the recommendations is asfollows:

(1) All new MOD vessels shall be fitted with sewage plants, holding an IMOapproved certification;

(2) Inshore craft to be fitted with the most appropriate sewage treatmentplant or holding tank (either with no treatment or with combinedmaceration/disinfection) as appropriate to their pattern of operation;

(3) Harbour craft and ships designed for day running to be provided withholding tanks;

(4) Existing MOD vessels that will continue in service beyond 2000 shall beprovided, on an opportunity basis, with the best practicable system with


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the capacity for the full complement. This selection should take accountof the functional role and operating pattern of the ship;

(5) All ships shall be provided with high level and low level discharges fittedwith IMO standard connections in accordance with DEF STAN 02-712and discharge pumps capable of transferring tank contents to a docksideconnection or other reception facility in accordance with DEF STAN02-718.

f . Detailed requirements for the design and installation of sewage systems arecontained in NES 712 and the requirements for the design and manufacture ofsewage plants are contained in DEF STAN 02-718.

g . In all cases the complement, functional role and operating pattern of the shipshall be examined in depth. The appropriate type and design of plant and thesystem should be selected in conjunction with the equipment Sponsor WSAMAES3b. (See also DEF STAN 02-712).

4.2.2 Grey Waters

a . Grey waters are the waste waters generated from bathrooms, laundry andgalley (food waste is not included in this category and is considered inSection 4.3).

b . MARPOL 73/78 does not currently place any restrictions on the discharge ofgrey waters in international waters, including in Special Areas.

c . In certain areas of the world, particularly in some US Coastal areas and ports,Canadian Great Lakes, the Caribbean, Japan and the Great Barrier ReefRegion, national regulations prohibit the direct discharge of grey wateroverboard. This practice is likely to become more widespread and will severelyrestrict the operational freedom of ships with limited holding capacity. Many ofthe above regions do not have shore reception facilities available. Those that docharge significant sums for disposal.

d . Local port regulations are increasingly prohibiting the overboard discharge ofgrey water in docks and enclosed basins. The policy is applied in all HM NavalBases.

4.2.2.1 MOD Policy

a . Unless a grey water treatment plant is installed, MOD Policy is to discharge allgrey water directly overboard when outside harbours. The grey water systems,i.e. drains from wash-basins, showers, laundries and galley wash water, in newconstruction ships shall be grouped and led to common shipside discharges inthe vicinity of the sewage plant(s). Facilities shall be provided to permit thedischarge of the grey waters via the sewage plants in harbour. Facilities forconnecting hoses to shipside discharges shall be provided as a means ofpreventing indiscriminate discharge when in dry dock at times when thesewage plant pumps are not operational.

b . Detailed requirements for the design and installation of grey water systems arecontained in DEF STAN 02-712.

4.2.3 Oil and Bilge Water

a . MARPOL 73/78 Annex I imposes restrictions on discharges of oil and bilgewater and specifies measures to be adopted to ensure that the regulations are


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met. A number of countries (e.g. Germany, Netherlands) are introducingsimilar national regulations.

b . MOD policy is to equip all new ships in accordance with the requirements ofMARPOL 73/78 provided that no overriding operational penalty is incurred.

c . The following restrictions are imposed on the discharge of oil and bilge water byships of 400 tonnes gross weight and above. Smaller ships shall comply as far asis practicable:

(1) In ports and harbours, and inside the 12 nm limit, discharges arepermitted provided that the oil content is less than 15 ppm and ship isunderway;

(2) Outside the 12 nm limit discharges are permitted from ships provided theoil content is less than 15 ppm.

(3) In Annex I Special Areas, there is a ban on the discharge of oil or bilgewater other than treated bilge water containing less than 15 ppm andprovided the ship is outside the 12 nm limit and underway;

(4) In the Antarctic area and in the Great Barrier Reef Region, there is a banon the discharge of oil and bilge water, including treated bilge water.

d . MARPOL Annex I imposes further restrictions on oil tankers which applies tosome of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary (RFA) vessels. These restrictions andassociated engineering measures are detailed in DEF STAN 02-322 and DEFSTAN 02-717.

4.2.3.1 MOD Policy

a . It is RN policy to fit IMO certified Bilge Water Separators (BWS) to all vessels asmost have very limited holding capacity available for oily wastes.

b . In order to comply with the 15 ppm discharge limit, Annex I requires ships to befitted with an oil content monitor/alarm and a stopping device, whichautomatically shuts OFF the flow when the oil content exceeds 15 ppm, andreturns any non-compliant effluent to the bilge tank for further processing. Itis RN policy to install these devices on all in-service ships once suitableequipment has been identified and proven. It is anticipated that such deviceswill be interfaced to the Machinery Control and Surveillance (MCAS) system.

c . Ships shall be provided with adequate holding tanks for the retention of wasteoil (drained from machinery and separated by the BWS) for discharge to shorereception facilities.

d . Ships discharge lines shall be fitted with standard (MARPOL Annex I)discharge connections to enable them to connect to reception facilities.

e . Every ship > 400 tonnes gross weight shall be fitted with tanks to receive oilresidues. The tanks shall be constructed so as to facilitate their cleaning anddischarge of residues to reception facilities. Pipework to and from residues toreception tanks shall have no direct connection overboard, other than thestandard discharge connections referred to in Clause 4.2.3.1d .

f . Detailed requirements for the design, manufacture and installation of BWS andassociated equipment are contained in DEF STAN 02-322 and DEF STAN02-717.


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g . The type of BWS, oil content monitor and shoreside interface arrangementsshould be selected in conjunction with the equipment sponsor WSA MAES3b.

h . Oil Record Books (Parts 1 and 2), as appropriate, shall be provided inaccordance with MARPOL Annex I.

Footnote:1. Oil residues include, but are not limited to, residues from the purification of fuels and

lubricating oils, oil leakages from machinery spaces and separated residues fromBWS.


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4.3 Solid Waste

a . Solid wastes generated on-board RN ships and covered by this Standard are:

(1) Garbage (non-plastic);

(2) Plastics;

(3) Food wastes;

(4) Sanitary wastes.

(5) Medical waste.

4.3.1 Garbage (NonPlastic)

a . MARPOL Annex V controls the disposal of garbage in international waters. Anumber of countries have imposed national and local regulations on thedumping of garbage within their national waters and ports.

b . The UK Merchant Shipping (Prevention of Pollution by Garbage) Regulations1998 prohibit the disposal of all garbage inside the Antarctic area.

c . In Special Areas and the Great Barrier Reef Region, and within 3 nm of thenearest land, overboard disposal of garbage is prohibited.

d . Overboard disposal of garbage is permitted between 3 nm of the nearest landprovided it has been ground to pass through a 25 mm mesh.

e . Outside the 12 nm limit overboard disposal is permitted provided that thematerials have been compacted to ensure that they will sink. Any materialsthat will float shall not be discharged within 25 nm of the nearest land.

f . A typical example of the sea areas covered by these limits is shown in Figure 4.2.

g . In addition to statutory regulations, RN Policy concerning the disposal ofgarbage will still apply, i.e. for operational reasons the ditching of garbage isprohibited in the following circumstances:

(1) When closed down in condition alpha (except during watch changes atnight);

(2) When a mining threat exists or when Mine Counter Measures (MCM)forces are operating in the vicinity;

(3) When at Flying Stations;

(4) When berthed alongside or at anchor.


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Belfast

Dublin

CorkMilford Haven

Skerryvore

Glasgow

Anglesey

Cardiff

Bristol Channel

Smalls

IRISH SEA

IslayIsleof

Man

NORTHCHANNEL

Liverpool

St.GeorgesChannel

Baselines where they differ from thelow water line.

12 mile limit.

25 mile limit.

0 to 12 miles: Disposal into seaprohibited except when comminutedto pass through a 25 mm screen, inwhich case disposal is permittedoutside the 3 nm limit.0 to 25 miles: Disposal into sea ofdunnage and similar materials whichwill float is prohibited.

Hydrographic Dept.C (W) 233

Figure 4.2 Typical Example of Restricted Areas: Garbage (NonPlastic) Disposal


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4.3.1.1 MOD Policy

a . Unless ships are provided with adequate equipment and facilities forcompliance with the regulations, a drastic effect on habitability and hazards tohealth and ship safety can quickly arise. Accumulations of garbage inpassageways and lobbies restrict movement through the ship, hinder damagecontrol operations and constitute a health and fire risk.

b . MOD policy is to provide suitable equipment and storage facilities in all newdesign ships to permit compliance with the regulations without detriment toeither the standard of habitability or the operation of the ship. Thearrangements shall be such that even under closed down conditions there willbe no hazard to health or ship safety. In existing ships, equipment and storagefacilities shall be provided to the maximum practicable extent on anopportunity basis.

c . The implementation of MOD policy will influence the design of new ships to theextent of providing adequate space or spaces in the appropriate positions andthe requirements shall be considered at an early stage of the design. (Labourinvolvement can be reduced to a minimum by careful siting of spaces andequipment).

d . MOD policy is to retain all garbage on-board whenever disposal is notpermitted. The storage volume for garbage can be significantly reduced byshredding and/or compaction. This shall be provided where available spacepermits.

e . All existing ships shall be fitted with one or more Garbage ProcessingMachine(s) (GPM).

f . Harbour craft and ships designed for day running shall make provision for thestorage of all wastes on-board for subsequent shore disposal.

g . For new ships, incineration of garbage may also be an alternative disposalmethod provided that there is sufficient volume of material (likely to be inconjunction with other combustible materials such as plastics, food wastes,sludges, etc.) available to justify its use.

h . The selection of either shredding/compaction or incineration has implicationsfor ship design and compartment arrangements. Therefore, the decision andselection of equipment should be carried out in conjunction with the equipmentsponsor WSA MAES3b.

i . Detailed requirements for garbage disposal are contained in DEF STAN02-721 Parts 1 and 2.

j . Detailed requirements for the design and installation of incinerators arecontained in DEF STAN 02-346.

4.3.2 Plastics

a . The overboard disposal of plastics from ships is prohibited.

4.3.2.1 MOD Policy

a . MOD policy is to retain all plastics and synthetic materials on-board for shoredisposal. The storage volume for plastics can be significantly reduced byshredding and/or compaction. This shall be provided wherever available spacepermits.

b . All existing ships shall be fitted with one or more Plastics ProcessingMachine(s).


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c . For new ships, incineration of plastics may also be an alternative disposalmethod provided that there is sufficient volume of material (likely to be inconjunction with other combustible materials such as garbage, food wastes,sludges, etc.) available to justify its use.

d . The selection of either shredding/compaction or incineration has implicationsfor ship design and compartment arrangements. Therefore, the decision andselection of equipment should be carried out in conjunction with the equipmentsponsor WSA MAES3b.

e . Detailed requirements for the design and installation of incinerators arecontained in DEF STAN 02-346.

4.3.3 Food Wastes

a . MARPOL Annex V controls the disposal of food wastes in international watersand is relevant for allowable discharges in national waters and ports.

b . In Special Areas within 12 nm of the nearest land, in the Great Barrier ReefRegion and in other areas within 3 nm of the nearest land, the overboarddisposal of food waste is prohibited.

c . Overboard disposal of food waste is permitted between 3 nm and 12 nm of thenearest land, including special areas, provided it has been ground to passthrough a 25 mm mesh.

d . Outside the 12 nm limit overboard disposal of food wastes is permitted.

4.3.3.1 MOD Policy

a . In all ships (other than harbour craft and ships designed for day running)pulping and discharge facilities for food waste shall be provided. A pulper< 25 mm mesh will enable the requirements of Clause 4.3.3c to be met whenoperating between 3 nm and 12 nm from the nearest land. This will serve tominimize the period during which food waste shall be retained on-board.

b . If storage of food waste is required for any reason, the period should beminimised to safeguard crew health and the operating environment.Consideration should be given to the location and conditions for storage.

4.3.4 Sanitary Waste

a . The introduction of sea going RN female personnel results in the generation ofsanitary waste. This waste comprises tampons, sanitary towels and pantyliners that are contaminated with blood and bodily fluids. In many instancesthese items contain plastics (typically between 5 per cent and 30 per centplastics or synthetic materials).

b . Regulations in the UK and many other countries define these wastes as`clinical' waste and prescribe the waste management procedures and disposalroutes. In addition, under MARPOL regulations, the plastic content precludesdischarge at sea.

c . The operation of sanimacerators on-board ships is in contravention ofMARPOL regulations, i.e. the prohibition on the disposal of plastics at sea.These shall not be fitted to new ships and, where currently fitted, advice on analternative disposal method/route shall immediately be sought from WSAMAES3b.


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4.3.4.1 MOD Policy

a . MOD Policy is to retain all plastics and synthetic materials on-board for shoredisposal. Clinical waste shall be rendered non-hazardous and stored underconditions that do not compromise the health and safety of the crew or otherpersonnel involved in the management of the waste.

b . For the foreseeable future, the management and disposal of sanitary wasteson-board mixed crew ships will be handled through a contract with Rentokilthat will be administered through CINCFLEET. Rentokil bins will be providedto ships for the disinfection and storage of sanitary wastes on-board. Whenalongside, bins will be collected by the contractor's agents and replaced withclean empty bins.

c . An alternative disposal route for a limited number of ships shall be to useshipboard incinerators. The temperature required for disposal of sanitarywaste is higher than generally used for garbage and shall therefore be raisedwhen sanitary waste is present. Advice shall be sought from WSA MAES3b ifthis is being considered as a disposal option.

d . The Rentokil contract is normally applicable world-wide but problems may beencountered with collection and replacement of the bins outside mainlandEurope, notably in the Arabian Gulf States.

e . For current and new ships it will be essential to consider the operational profileand the implications for management of sanitary wastes. In areas of the worldwhere bins cannot be exchanged, it may be possible to arrange an agreementwith local hospitals for sanitary wastes to be bagged up and disposed of withtheir clinical/medical waste.

f . All ships that are intending to use the Rentokil contract shall consultWSA MAES3b and CINCFLEET.

4.3.5 Medical Waste

a . Refer to JSP 666 for information regarding Medical Waste

4.3.5.1 MOD Policy

a . JSP 666 sets out MOD policy for the waste stream.

5. CORPORATE KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE

5.1 General

a . The Defence Environmental Statement and the Navy Board EnvironmentalStrategy have set a target of 2005 for achieving an `Environmentally CompliantSurface Flotilla' for the Royal Navy (RN).

b . The Environmental Policy Statement by the Secretary of State for Defence(September 1996) states that all United Kingdom (UK), National andInternational legislation and conventions will be complied with by all vessels,land based facilities and personnel. In many cases, port and nationalregulations set more stringent requirements and discharge limits thaninternational regulations.

c . Defence exemptions will only be invoked in operational activity of over-ridingimportance.


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d . It is RN policy that all Ships shall be fitted with equipment and/orarrangements that will enable them to be fully compliant, provided that nooverriding operational penalty is incurred.

e . Ships that lack equipment and/or arrangements to enable compliance withenvironmental regulations, or only possess partial systems in an unacceptableon-board condition, will be increasingly restricted in their field of operation.In `Special Areas', the restriction on overboard discharge will rapidly result inunacceptable on-board conditions through the need to store large volumes ofwaste.


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ANNEX A.

RELATED DOCUMENTS

A1. The following documents and publications are referred to in this Standard:

JSP 418 MOD Environmental Manual

JSP 430 MOD Ship Safety Management System Handbook

JSP 666 *

DEF STAN 02-322

(NES 322)

Oil Pollution Prevention Shipboard Arrangements

DEF STAN 02-346

(NES 346)

Requirements for Incinerators for HM Surface Ships

DEF STAN 02-712**

(NES 712)

Requirements for Sewage and Grey Water Systems forHM Surface Ships

DEF STAN 02-717

(NES 717)

Requirements for Bilge Sullage and Drain Tank Systems forHM Surface Ships

DEF STAN 02-718***

(NES Pt 7)

Requirements for Sewage Plant Ancillary Equipment forHM Surface Ships:

Part 7: Sewage Vacuum Collection Systems

DEF STAN 02-721 PT1****

Part 1: General Requirements

DEF STAN 02-721 PT2****

Part 2: Requirements for Equipment

(NES 721) Garbage Disposal in HM Surface Ships

BR 8623 Handbook on Environmental Pollution

NOTE

* Until the MOD policy position has been defined, consult WSA MAES3b.

** Denotes that DEF STAN 02-712 is being subsumed into DEF STAN 02-718which is currently being updated.

*** Denotes that DEF STAN 02-718 is currently being updated and combined intoone part instead of seven parts at present and will include DEF STAN 02-712.

**** Denotes that DEF STAN 02-721 is currently being updated and combined intoone part instead of two parts as at present.


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ANNEX B.

ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS

B1. For the purpose of this standard the following abbreviations apply:

BR Book of Reference

BWS Bilge Water Separator

CINCFLEET Commander in Chief Fleet

DEF STAN Defence Standard

DLO Defence Logistics Organization

DPA Defence Procurement Agency

GPM Garbage Processing Machine

HM Her Majesty

IMO International Maritime Organization

JSP Joint Service Publication

MARPOL International Convention for the Prevention from Pollution forShips 1973/1978

MCAS Machinery Control and Surveillance

MCM Mine Counter Measures

ME Marine Engineering

MOD Ministry of Defence

NES Naval Engineering Standard

nm Nautical Mile

ppm Parts Per Million

RFA Royal Fleet Auxiliary(s) (as the context permits)

RN Royal Navy

UK United Kingdom

US United States

VOC Volatile Organic Compound

WC Water Closet(s) (as the context permits)

WSA Warship Support Agency


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B2. For the purpose of this standard the following definitions apply which are as defined inMARPOL 73/78 (1991)

Cargo-associatedWaste

All materials which have become wastes as a result of useon-board a ship for cargo stowage and handling.Cargo-associated waste includes but is not limited to dunnage,shoring, pallets, lining and packing materials, plywood, paper,cardboard, wire and steel strapping.

Cargo Residues Defined as the remnants of any cargo material on-board thatcannot be placed in proper cargo holds (loading excess andspillage) or which remain in cargo holds and elsewhere afterunloading procedures are completed (unloading residual andspillage). However, cargo residues are expected to be smallquantities.

Contaminated Rags Contaminated rags are rags which have been saturated with asubstance defined as a harmful substance in the other annexes tothe Convention.

Dishwater The residue from the manual or automatic washing of dishes andcooking utensils which have been pre-cleaned to the extent thatany food particles adhering to them would not normally interferewith the operation of automatic dishwashers.

Domestic Waste All types of food wastes and wastes generated in the living spaceson-board the ship.

Food Wastes Any spoiled or unspoiled victual substances, such as fruits,vegetables, dairy products, poultry, meat products, food scraps,food particles, and all other materials contaminated by suchwastes, generated aboard ship, principally in the galley anddining areas.

Garbage All kinds of victual, domestic and operational waste excludingfresh fish and parts thereof, generated during the normaloperation of the ship and liable to be disposed of continuously orperiodically except those substances which are defined or listed inother Annexes to the present Convention.

NOTE For the purpose of separate regulations, e.g. plastic orfood wastes are defined as garbage.

Grey Water Drainage from dishwasher, shower, laundry, bath andwash-basin drains and does not include drainage from toilets,urinals, hospitals, and animal spaces, as defined in Regulation 1(3) of Annex IV, as well as drainage from cargo spaces.

Holding Tank Is a tank used for the collection and storage of sewage.

Maintenance Waste Defined as materials collected by the engine department and thedeck department while maintaining and operating the vessel,such as soot, machinery deposits, scraped paint, deck sweeping,wiping waste, and rags, etc.

Medical Waste

Nearest Land The baselines from which the territorial sea of the territory inquestion is established in accordance with international law,except in the case of the north eastern coast of Australia wherespecial baselines apply. See the current Convention for detail.

Oily Rags Rags which have been saturated with oil as controlled inAnnex I to the Convention.


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Operational Waste All cargo-associated waste and maintenance waste, and cargoresidues defined as garbage.

Plastic Solid material which contains as an essential ingredient one ormore synthetic organic high polymers and which is formed(shaped) during either manufacture of the polymer or thefabrication into a finished product by heat and/or pressure.Plastics are used for a variety of marine purposes including, butnot limited to, packaging (vapour-proof barriers, bottles,containers, liners), ship construction (fibreglass and laminatedstructures, siding, piping, insulation, flooring, carpets, fabrics,paints and finishes, adhesive, electrical and electroniccomponents), disposable eating utensils and cups, bags, sheeting,floats, fishing net, strapping bands, rope and line.

Sewage (1) Drainage and other wastes from any form of toilets, urinals,and WC scuppers;

(2) Drainage from medical premises (dispensary, sick bay, etc.)via wash-basins, wash tubs and scuppers located in suchpremises;

(3) Drainage from spaces containing living animals;

(4) Other waste waters when mixed with the drainage asdefined in (1), (2) or (3) above.

Special Areas Sea areas where, for recognized technical reasons in relation to itsoceanographical and ecological condition, and to the particularcharacter of its traffic, the adoption of special mandatorymethods for the prevention of sea pollution is required. Specialareas are defined for each MARPOL Annex as follows: (RelevantAnnexes are indicated in parentheses.)

1. North Sea (V);

2. Mediterranean Sea (I,V);

3. Baltic Sea (I, II, V);

4. Black Sea (I, II, V);

5. Red Sea (I,V);

6. Gulf of Aden (I);

7. Gulfs Area - NW of a line between Ras el Hadd andRas Al Fasteh (I,V);

8. Antarctic (I,V);

9. Wider Caribbean Region (V).

It should be noted that new Special Areas may be classified for oneor more Annexes during the life of this standard. Once ratifiedthese are mandatory. This currently applies to Annex IV, whereno Special Areas are currently defined but this will change onceit is ratified.

B3. For the purpose of this standard the following definitions apply:

Black Water See Sewage.

Compactor Equipment designed to compress all types of ship generated wasteinto hygienic containers suitable for on-board storage and shoredisposal, or overboard discharge, i.e. designed to sink.

NOTE: Compactors should not be used for mixed wastes,including plastics, unless compacted waste is to beretained on-board for shore disposal.


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Day Running A seagoing operational pattern involving return to harbourevery night.

Dunnage Large pieces of timber.

Food Pulper Equipment designed to process food waste and other soft garbageby reducing it to small particles which can be discharged wherepermitted as a waterborne slurry.

Garbage ProcessingMachine

Shredder/compactor used for volume reduction of all non-foodgarbage into hygienic containers suitable for on-board storageand shore disposal, or overboard discharge, i.e. designed tosink.

Harbour Craft(or Service)

Craft designed for and engaged on service entirely within theconfines of harbours.

Macerated Sewage Sewage which has been passed through a macerator to breakdown large solids prior to treatment, overboard discharge orshore disposal.

Synthetic Polymeric materials (usually organic) of large molecular weightthat can be shaped by flow, examples are polyvinyl chloride,polyethylene, ureaformaldehyde.

Synthetic Items This may include bottles, containers, insulation, flooring, fabrics,electrical and electronic components, disposable cups, sheet,strapping bands, rope, lines, etc., made from polymeric material.

Plastic ProcessingMachine

Equipment designed to render plastic/synthetic waste into amalleable state by use of heat and shape it into a compact solidblock for easy stowage and disposal ashore.

Raw Sewage Sewage as collected from the soil line without any form oftreatment or processing.

Restricted Areas (orWaters)

Any area of water to which restrictions on the discharge ofpolluting substances apply.

Sewage Effluent The discharge from any sewage plant.

Sewage Holding Plantor System

Any plant or system designed to receive and retain raw sewage fora limited period until it can be legally discharged at sea or to areception facility.

Sewage TreatmentPlant or System

A plant or system designed to process raw sewage and produce aneffluent suitable for discharge into water to which restrictions onthe standard of discharge apply.

Shredder Equipment designed to shred or chop dry garbage, including cansand bottles, in order to reduce its volume for storage.


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ANNEX C.

PROCUREMENT CHECK LIST

Notes:

1. This Check List is to ensure that certain aspects of this Defence Standard are consulted

when preparing a procurement specification for a particular application.

2. Clauses where a preference for an option is to be used or where specific data are to be

added are included in the Check List.

3. Each item is to be marked either:

= included

NA = not applicable

CheckNo.

Check Clause No. or NA

1 Sewage plants - options available 4.2.1.1c

2 MOD policy for fitting out ships to comply with

regulations

4.2.1.1e (4)

3 Selection of plant and systems in conjunction with

the equipment sponsor section

4.2.1.1g ,

4.2.3.1g ,

4.3.1.1h ,

4.3.2.1d ,

4.3.4c ,

4.3.4.1c to

4.3.4.1f


27

ALPHABETICAL INDEX

(Note: Page numbers are given)

BBilge Water Separators, 13

DDefence Environmental Statement, 19

EEnvironmental Regulations, 7

GGarbage disposal

effect on ships, 17limitations on discharge, 15MOD policy for provision of facilities, 17

Grey Water, 12Local Port Regulations, 12MOD Policy, 12

LLimitations on discharge, garbage, 15

Liquid Waste, 9Black Water, 9, 11

MOD Policy, 11

MMOD policy

garbage disposal - provision of facilities, 17sewage disposal - general, 11sewage disposal - installation, 11

OOil and Oily Water, 12, 13

Equippment design and installation, 13MOD Policy, 13Regulations, 12

Options available, sewage disposal, 11

RRegulations, garbage disposal, 15

SSewage disposal

design and installation requirements, 11effect on ships, 11MOD policy - general, 11MOD policy - installations, 11system/plant selection, 12systems - options available, 11

Ships Operation - effect of lack offacilities, 20

Solid Waste, 15, 17, 18, 19Food Waste, 18

MOD Policy, 18Garbage (Non-Plastic), 15, 17

MOD Policy, 17Plastic, 17

MOD Policy, 17Sanitary Waste, 18, 19

MOD Policy, 19

WWaste Management, 8

Inside Rear Cover

Crown Copyright 2002

Copying Only as Agreed with DStan

Defence Standards are Published by and Obtainable from:

Defence Procurement AgencyAn Executive Agency of The Ministry of Defence

UK Defence StandardizationKentigern House65 Brown Street

GLASGOW G2 8EX

DStan Helpdesk

Tel 0141 224 2531/2 Fax 0141 224 2503

Internet e-mail [email protected]

File Reference

The DStan file reference relating to work on this standard is D/DStan/69/02/720.

Contract Requirements

When Defence Standards are incorporated into contracts users are responsible for their correctapplication and for complying with contractual and statutory requirements. Compliance witha Defence Standard does not in itself confer immunity from legal obligations.

Revision of Defence Standards

Defence Standards are revised as necessary by up issue or amendment. It is important thatusers of Defence Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest issue oramendment. Information on all Defence Standards is contained in Def Stan 00-00 Standardsfor Defence Part 3 , Index of Standards for Defence Procurement Section 4 Index of DefenceStandards and Defence Specifications published annually and supplemented regularly byStandards in Defence News (SID News). Any person who, when making use of a DefenceStandard encounters an inaccuracy or ambiguity is requested to notify the Directorate ofStandardization (DStan) without delay in order that the matter may be investigated andappropriate action taken.

CONTENTSTITLE PAGESCOPEFOREWORDSponsorshipConditions of ReleaseCategories of StandardRelated DocumentsHealth and SafetyAdditional Information

1. PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION1.1 Waste Minimization

2. NATIONAL/INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS2.1 Environmental Regulations

3. MILITARY STANDARDS/REQUIREMENTS4. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS/GUIDANCE4.1 Environmentally Sound Design4.2 Liquid Waste4.2.1 Black Water (Sewage) DisposalFigure 4.1 Typical Example of Restricted Areas: Sewage Disposal4.2.1.1 MOD Policy

4.2.2 Grey Waters4.2.2.1 MOD Policy

4.2.3 Oil and Bilge Water4.2.3.1 MOD Policy

4.3 Solid Waste4.3.1 Garbage (NonPlastic)Figure 4.2 Typical Example of Restricted Areas: Garbage (NonPlastic) Disposal4.3.1.1 MOD Policy

4.3.2 Plastics4.3.2.1 MOD Policy

4.3.3 Food Wastes4.3.3.1 MOD Policy

4.3.4 Sanitary Waste4.3.4.1 MOD Policy

4.3.5 Medical Waste4.3.5.1 MOD Policy

5. CORPORATE KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE5.1 General

ANNEX A. RELATED DOCUMENTSANNEX B. ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONSANNEX C. PROCUREMENT CHECK LISTALPHABETICAL INDEX

nes 720 waste disposal policy - category 2

Documents

defence standard def

ministry of defence

mod contractsby

exdef stan

nes 7202scope1

nes 7203forewordsponsorship1

waste disposal policyissue

forms of waste