neo chemical seminar 2007 toine dinnissen / march 27th 2007page 1 why diluents ? that’s why !!!!!!
TRANSCRIPT
NEO Chemical Seminar 2007
Toine Dinnissen / March 27th 2007 Page 1
Why Diluents ?
That’s Why !!!!!!
NEO Chemical Seminar 2007
Toine Dinnissen / March 27th 2007 Page 2
Why Diluents ??
• High processing viscosities of unmodified liquid epoxy resin systems
• Impregnating and wetting properties are favourably influenced by reducing the viscosity
• Larger filler amounts may be used– cheaper formulation– reduce the possible development of heat and shrinkage upon cure
• Possible Disadvantages;– May sweat out of the binder system
• Reduced flexibility– Influence the properties of the binder system
• Hardness• Rate of cure• Adhesion, Intercoat adhesion• Chemical resistance
NEO Chemical Seminar 2007
Toine Dinnissen / March 27th 2007 Page 3
• Alcohols– Benzylalcohol– Furfurylalcohol– Nonyl phenol– Acceleration effect
• Phthalates– Dibutylphthalate
• Hydrocarbon Resins– Necirez-products– Epodil-L
• Pine-oil
Non-Reactive Diluents
OH
CH2-OH
NEO Chemical Seminar 2007
Toine Dinnissen / March 27th 2007 Page 4
Reactive Diluents
• Polypropylene glycol diepoxides– D.E.R.™ 732P liquid epoxy resin– D.E.R. 736P liquid epoxy resin
™ Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company
O
O=
O
O
C
O
• Alcoholglycidylethers & esters [ mono- or multi-functional ]– EMS [ Grilonit ]– Prümmer [ Polypox ]– Resolution [ Heloxy, Cardura E-10]– Air Products [ Epodil ]– Etc…
NEO Chemical Seminar 2007
Toine Dinnissen / March 27th 2007 Page 5
Reactive Diluents
EEW[g/eq]
HyCl[%]
Viscosity@ 25 °C [mPa.s]
Density@ 25°C [g/cm3]
Polypox R 3 1,4-Butanediol Diglycidylether 130 - 145 max. 0.2 12 - 22 1.10 - 1.12Polypox R 6 o-Cresyl Glycidylether 175 - 190 max. 0.3 5 - 10 1.07 - 1.09Polypox R 7 p-tert.-Butyl-Phenyl Glycidylether 220 - 240 max. 0.3 10 - 30 1.02 - 1.04Polypox R 9 Polyglycerine-3-Glycidylether 160 - 180 max. 1.0 1100 - 1360 1.21 - 1.25Polypox R 11 Cyclohexanedimethanol Diglycidylether 165 - 185 max. 1.0 60 - 90 1.08 - 1.11Polypox R 12 Glycerine Triglycidylether 140 - 150 max. 0.6 160 - 200 1.21 - 1.23Polypox R 14 Neopentylglycol Diglycidylether 150 - 160 max. 0.2 15 - 25 1.07 - 1.09Polypox R 16 Pentaerythrit Tetraglycidylether 156 - 170 max. 1.5 900 - 1200 1.23 - 1.25Polypox R 17 2-Ethyl-Hexyl Glycidylether 210 - 230 max. 0.3 2 - 4 0.89 - 0.91Polypox R 18 1,6-Hexanediol Diglycidylether 140 - 161 max. 0.2 15 - 25 1.06 - 1.08Polypox R 19 Polypropyleneglycol Diglycidylether 313 - 345 max. 0.3 40 - 90 1.02 - 1.06Polypox R 20 Trimethylolpropane Triglycidylether 140 - 150 max. 0.8 120 - 180 1.15 - 1.19Polypox R 24 C12-C14 Glycidylether 270 - 313 max. 0.1 5 - 10 0.88 - 0.91
NEO Chemical Seminar 2007
Toine Dinnissen / March 27th 2007 Page 6
Viscosity Cutting Powder
100
1000
10000
0 5 10 15 20
2-EH GE = R 17
C12-C14 AGE = R 24
p-tert. BP GE = R 7
BDDGE, o-CGE, HDDGE = R 3, 6, 18
NEO Chemical Seminar 2007
Toine Dinnissen / March 27th 2007 Page 7
General Observations
• The addition of reactive diluents might have the following effects:
– reduced viscosity,– changed surface tension [ wetting, air-release etc. ],– changed reactivity, especially for the mono-functional
reactive diluents,– changed solvent resistance,– changed physical strength,– changed linear coefficient of expansion,– changed flexibility / impact resistance,– changed abrasion resistance– ......
NEO Chemical Seminar 2007
Toine Dinnissen / March 27th 2007 Page 8
Reactive Diluents used by Dow
o-Cresyl Glycidyl etherC12 - C14 alkyl Glycidyl ether
Hexane diol di Glycidyl ether
Compromise between Environmental, Hygiene & Safety aspects and performance.
NEO Chemical Seminar 2007
Toine Dinnissen / March 27th 2007 Page 9
o-Cresyl Glycidyl ether
O
CH3
O
Typical properties
EEW 180 g/eqViscosity 7 mPa.s @ 25 °C
NEO Chemical Seminar 2007
Toine Dinnissen / March 27th 2007 Page 10
Hexane Diol Di Glycidyl ether
OO
O O
Typical properties
EEW 142 g/eq
Viscosity 14 mPa.s @ 25 °C
Total Chlorine ca 4 wt%
NEO Chemical Seminar 2007
Toine Dinnissen / March 27th 2007 Page 11
C12 - C14 Alkyl Glycidyl Ether
OO
N = 11-13
CH2 CH3
Typical properties
EEW 280 g/eq
Viscosity 7 mPa.s @ 25 °C
Total Chlorine ca 3 wt%
Remark : FDA approved for food contact applications
NEO Chemical Seminar 2007
Toine Dinnissen / March 27th 2007 Page 12
Viscosity Cutting Power
100
1000
10000
0 5 10 15 20 25
Content in D.E.R.™ 331™ epoxy resin [ wt% ]
Vis
cosi
ty [
mP
a.s
]
o-Cresyl GE
Hexane Diol DGE
C12-C14 Alkyl GE
™ Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company
NEO Chemical Seminar 2007
Toine Dinnissen / March 27th 2007 Page 13
Influence on the chemical resistance
Inorganic acids
Organic acids
Caustic Solvents
o-Cresyl GE Good Good Good Poor
C12 - C14 Alkyl GE
Good Poor Good Poor
Hexane Diol DGE
Poor Poor Good Good
NEO Chemical Seminar 2007
Toine Dinnissen / March 27th 2007 Page 14
Chemical Resistance
D.E.R.™321 Dist. Water
10 wt% HCl
10 wt% NaOH
10 wt% HAc
Xylene
Gasoline
+ 1.3
+ 1.1
+ 1.1
+ 1.4
+ 1.4
- 0.1
+ 2.1
+ 1.7
+ 1.7
+ 5.4
+ 9.8
0
+ 1.2
+ 1.1
+ 1.0
+ 20
+ 4.9
+ 0.2
+ 2.5
+ 6.5
+ 2.0
Destroyed
Destroyed
+ 23
Aromatic IPD-adduct DETA-adduct Polyamide
D.E.R.™330 Dist. Water
10 wt% HCl
10 wt% NaOH
10 wt% HAc
Xylene
Gasoline
+ 1.4
+ 1.1
+ 1.1
+ 1.3
+ 0.1
+ 0.1
+ 1.4
+ 1.3
+ 1.0
+ 5.1
+ 0.1
0
™ Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company
NEO Chemical Seminar 2007
Toine Dinnissen / March 27th 2007 Page 15
Enough Chemistry !