neighbourhood design report

SEMESTER PROJECT-PLANNING AN AREA OF SHADIRA AS A RESIDEMTIAL

SECTOR : INDUS HOUSING SOCIETY

SUBMITTED TO:-

LEC. SAROOP SHAHID

A COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN REPORT

Figure 1 Land Use Map

August 25, 2015 [SEMESTER PROJECT-PLANNING IHS AS A RESIDENTIAL SECTOR]

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Group Members

Sr. # NAMES REG #

1 MUHAMMAD AHMAD MUSTUFA 49

2 ASAD ULLAH MALIK 16

3 MUHAMMAD JUNAID ABBAS 66

Acknowledgement

First of all, we would thank Allah Almighty because whatever we are, whatever we

do, whatever we did and whatever has been done by us is solely due to Him and

Him alone and rest all are his creatures which He created to assist us.

We would like to express our very great appreciation to Mrs. Rubina Hussain for her

valuable and constructive suggestions during the planning and development of this

research work. Her willingness to give her time so generously has been very much

appreciated.

Finally, we wish to thank our parents for their support and encouragement throughout

our study.


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“There is no logic that can

be superimposed on the

city; people make it, and it

is to them, not buildings,

that we must fit our plans.”

― Jane Jacobs

https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/17285.Jane_Jacobs


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INTRODUCTION

As the population of Lahore is increasing day by day and its central hub is getting

densely populated, people are demanding for new neighborhoods with self-

contained facilities. Therefore new neighborhoods are being developed outside the

main city with self-contained facilities. This report is about a neighborhood design of

an area in Shadira, Lahore with detailed features and facilities including residential

houses, market, shopping centers, parks and open spaces, streets and public

buildings.

Located on the G.T. Road (a.k.a. Old Ravi Road), in North West part of Lahore, the

land is spread over an area of 4 km2. With its plain topography and Ravi river flowing

adjacent to it, the sector has an amazing and beautiful landscape.

Figure 2 Location of the Land w.r.t to Lahore city shown with a black dot

Lahore city is expanding across the North-South direction. The new sectors being

developed are linked to N5, Raiwind road and Ferozpur road. The land for IHS lies

along the belt of River Ravi. The land is best suitable for neighborhood development

because recreational and historical facilities, like Noor Jehan and Jehangir’s Tomb,

are closer to this area. The total area of the sector is 150 acres. The neighborhood is

designed under Lahore Residential Sector Zoning Building control Regulation 2005

and National Reference Manual. The sector is designed by keeping in mind location

of river Ravi, railway track, accessibility to Metro Bus Terminal and highway. Schools,

parks and masjids are at five minute distance, masjid and class three shopping

centers have their own space parking. The sector is divided into 2 sub sectors with

each sub sector having centrally located elementary school, parks, playgrounds and

shopping center.

Rectangular street pattern was used.


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DEMERITS OF RECTANGULAR STREET PATTERN:

It is unsuited for application in areas of even gently rolling topography, where it may require

excessive amounts of cut and fill for street construction and excessive grading for the

development of building sites;

It may create costly drainage problems

It may make the establishment of street and alley grades difficult.

It may be un-stablising influence since it allows heavy traffic to shift readily from street to

street.

It may be monotonous if applied over large areas without interruption

And is considered by some to be aesthetically unsuited to use it in residential areas.

ADVANTAGES OF RECTANGULAR STREET PATTERN:

The widespread use of rectangular street pattern may be attributed to its powerful

advantages

It is simple to “design” and to lay out, providing efficient lotting.

It is well suited for applications in commercial core areas because traffic can shift readily

from street to street, a desirable feature in such areas.

It facilitates the use of one-way streets.

It is orient for people to orient to and is readily house numbered.

It increases safety by reducing the traffic speeds and reduces the severity, if not the

number, of accidents.

PLANNING

There is no “normative” land use allocation at the city scale nor ideal pattern of

distribution of activities. The proportions and form of the city scape are the

resultants of past and present socio-economic forces.


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Figure 3 Master Plan of Lahore

LAND SUBDIVISION

-200

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

1930 1950 1970 1990 2010 2030 2050

PO

PIL

ATI

ON

/ S

q K

m

YEARS

Population/ Sq Km Vs Years

Linear (Population/ Sq Km VsYears)


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Land subdivision is one of the most important determinant of different urban

patterns e.g. Curvilinear, rectangular, etc. It is far more detailed that Zoning Plan.

ABOUT THE PROJECT

The project has Green and Clean Environment, civic amenities including

mosque, school, club House (Including facilities of swimming pool, squash courts,

Tennis courts, Badminton Courts, Indoor games and Gym etc. the housing scheme

has parks, Children Play land, Open Air Restaurant around the river Ravi with a

walking Trail, Cricket & Football Ground, Modern Shopping Malls, Modern

Landscaping, Walkways, Jogging track around Cricket and Football grounds,

Enquiry Office, Higher Level Amenities provided.

Infrastructure Facilities include minimum 35 ft Wide Streets and 64 ft Wide

Boulevards, Predesigned Services Ducts, Underground Electricity & Sui Gas System,

24/7 Potable Drinking Water, Efficient Drainage & Sewerage System, Solid Waste

Management System, Broadband Optical Fiber Network, Environment Friendly

Planning & Development and Positive Energy Waste Treatment Plant.

Special Security arrangements include Gated community with sub security

sections, Bio and Face recognition access at central gate, Guest reception area at

central gate , Video Conferencing in between House and central gate, Database

of servants, regular visitors and criminals etc., Wireless communication between

guards and central office, and Camera’s at street corners with recording system

Environment & renewable energy is the added feature of the scheme as it

would have Zero or Least Emission Houses, Bio-gas Generation at Combined Waste

Treatment Plant, Treated Effluent for Gardening & Road Washing., Solar Street Lights

and Communication Panels, Solar Panels at Roof Tops for Domestic Use, Solar Heaters

for Water Heating and Rainwater Harvesting for Flushing Toilets.

It would also be equipped with Broadband (Telecom, TV & Internet) having

Fiber to the home (FTTH) network for all type of communication, telephone network

with internal free access, Broadband high speed internet, High speed gaming for

children, HDTV & TV on demand, Distance learning for homework from community

school, Digital Library, Books, and videos, Communication media for Traffic control

system and Communication media for Security system

For the first time, IHS is introducing water metering and billing through digital

metering as a pilot project. IHS will provide 8-10 different designs based on Eco

Architecture to be developed. The proposed designs of the housing Units would have

low energy footprint incorporating the contemporary green building concept.


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SCHOOLS

EDUCATION


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Education is the most vital investment for socio-economic advance. Usually all

schemes of Lahore have 1 primary and 1 secondary school in their subsectors. We

have also planned in a similar way. In Pakistan, the minimum threshold size of schools

is effected by

Different participation rates (between male/females, urban/rural populations,

and regions)

Very different population densities (within and outside cities, between

provinces)

Keeping in view the above factors we planned our schools for large

catchment areas while realizing that these are designed for the compact

environment of large cities.

TYPE OF INSTITUTION SITE AREA

(hectares)

SITE AREA

(ft2)

Minimum

Tolerable

Site Area/

Student in

large Cities

(ft2)

Maximum

Tolerable

Distance

for

farthest

Students

(Km)

Primary School 0.65 70466 108 1

Secondary School 0.47 50158 161 2.45

Total Area= 120624

Our planned Secondary Schools weren’t located near Major busy roads

carrying fast traffic. We also focused on locating primary schools where they were

served by pedestrian routes which did not involve crossing major roads. Schools were

located close to community facilities such as clinics, mosques and public open

spaces.


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Generally followed hierarchy of educational institutes:

HEIRARCHY OF EDUCATION SYSTEMS

Universities

Vocational Training Institutes

Polytechnics

Degree Colleges

Intermediate Colleges

Secondary Schools

Primary Schools

Figure 5 Secondary School Figure 4 Primary School


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HOSPITALS /

CLINICS


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Hospitals were designed with the aim to provide 10 beds for 1000 persons from the catchment

area.

GENERAL HEIRARCHY OF HOSPITALS

We planned a 100 bed hospital near the CBD on

an area of 0.35 hectares (.i.e. 37673.69 ft2).

.

Teaching Hospitals

General Hospitals

District HQ Hospital

Tehsil Hospital

Community Hospital / Polyclinic

RHC (Rural Heath Centre)

BHU (Basic Health Unit)

Dispensary

Figure 6 Hospital


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ROADS /

STREETS


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There are many road classification systems; most are oriented

to the culture of the country of origin. Classification of urban

roads previously used in Pakistan was adopted, based on their

function, volume of traffic, type of traffic and position in

network.

Road widths were decided in the following manner:

Secondary Roads (width = 106 ft)

Local Roads

o Local Access Roads (width = 64 ft)

o Streets (width = R.O.W = 35 ft)

ROAD TYPES Widths / R.O.W Function / Purpose

Secondary Roads 150 ft

These roads provide

access to major

geographical sub-

sectors and may

carry large traffic

volumes.

Loc

al R

oa

ds

Access 64 ft

They provide access

to individual

premises and blocks

Streets 35 ft

Their use and

ownership is

considered to be a

communal extension

to the adjoining

properties.

Road type Width of road ( ft) Length of road ( ft) Area of road (sq ft)

Secondary road 106 1847 195782

Local (Land Access) 64 20033 1282112

Local (Streets) 35 21589 755615

Total = 2233509


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9%

57%

34%

DISTRIBUTION OF ROADS

SECONDARY ROAD

LOCAL (Land Access)

LOCAL (Streets)


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MOSQUES


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`Mosques are a major component of the community

facilities available at local neighbourhood level. Socially they

perform wider functions than simply accommodating religious

services. They are a focal point for a community that’s why we

located most of our Mosques near or in residential areas. We

also calculated that the maximum walking distance to the

nearest Mosque wasn’t more than 500 m for any resident living

in a locality of a mohalla. As our population for the whole sector

did exceed 7000 person (according to our householf

population estimates) we did incorporate a Markazi Mosque, in

our Green Belt along the River Ravi and many Mohalla Mosques

in the sub-sectors of IHS. We took precautions that a Mohalla

Mosque was designed for people ranging from 5000-6000 on a

plot measuring 600-700 sq. metres and was adjacent to open

space.

Figure 7 Markazi Mosque along the River Ravi

MARKAZI

MOSQUE


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OPEN SPACES


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554987 ft2 (5.2 ha) is the total planned open spaces comprising

the parks as well. We took care that the open spaces of our

planned neighborhood were more than 7 % of the total usable

area.

We provided Neighborhood Level Playgrounds with a

combined playfield of 1.63 ha.

Figure 8 Samples of open spaces for Parks


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PUBLIC

SERVICES


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PUBLIC SERVICES

Fire Brigade

o (town committee with 5000-25,000

people,

o equipment=one tanker with pump,

o location=shed near town committee

office,

o water source = tubewell )

Petrol Station

o (or service station,

o located on 100 ft plus width road,

o front side was 190 ft,

o Total Area = 11600 ft2 )

ENTERTAINMENT

Water Sports Amusement

Park

o Area = 47701 ft2 (.i.e. 0.44

ha)

Figure 10 Water Amusement Park

Figure 9 Fire Brigade and Petrol Station


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LAND USE DISTRIBUTION

Themes Categories Area

(ft2)

No.

of

plots

Household

size

Population

residing in it

Re

sid

en

tia

l

Apartments

High Income 85059 3 216 648

Middle

Income 88000 4 360 1440

Low Income 33000 3 324 972

Housing

5 Marla

(25x45) 564750 510 6 3060

10 Marla

(35x65) 1230775 541 6 3246

1 Kanal

(50x90) 450000 100 6 600

River Side

Round Houses 84664 22 6 132

TOTAL 2534428 1183 10098

Co

mm

erc

ial Central Business District

(CBD) 378000 84 12 1008

Local Commercial Centre

of Residential Areas 112500 25 6 150

Total 490500 109 1158

Total Population = 11256

Note: As we were planning IHS solely as a residential housing

scheme that’s why we didn’t incorporate any Heavy Scale

Industry. All the percentages satisfied the standards specified

by National Reference Manual of Pakistan.


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40%

8%

36%

4%

9%3%

DISTRIBUTION OF LAND

HOUSING/RESIDENTIAL

COMMERCIAL

ROADS/STREETS

EDUCATION, HEALTH &OTHER COMMUNITYFACILITIES

24%

52%

24%

DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDENTIAL ZONE

Low Income Residential

Medium Income Residential

High Income Residential


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Figure 12 High Income Luxury Apartments

Figure 11 Medium Income Apartments

Figure 13 Central Business District (CBD)

Figure 14 Railway Line passing through the scheme. Two Level

Crossing are provided which will be guarded 24/7

`Figure 15 Low Income Apartments


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Figure 18 MEDIUM INCOME RESIDENTIAL HOUSES: 10 Marla Residential Plots along with High Income River Side Round Houses at the Bottom-right

Figure 19 LOW INCOME RESIDENTIAL HOUSES: 5 Marla plots

Figure 16 HIGH INCOME RESIDENTIAL HOUSES: 1 Kanal Plots

Figure 17 Graveyard


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LA

ND

US

E P

LA

N


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THE END

neighbourhood design report

Engineering