neet- 2020- 45 days crash course · 2020. 8. 5. · quiz –neet neet- 2020 ... primordium of shoot...
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1
Information
Date : 5th August 2020
Chapter Name : MORPHOLOGY IN FLOWERING PLANTS
QUIZ – NEET
NEET- 2020- 45 Days Crash Course
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q
Which of the following is not related to corm
(A) Tunic (B) Lateral buds
(C) Nodes (D) Scale leaves
D
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Sol
Ans [A]
Bulb is surrounded by a sheath of dry membranous scale called tunic which is absent in a corm
Bulb Corm
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q
A stem with distinct solid nodes and hollow internodes is
(A) Sobole (B) Culm
(C) Scape (D) Intercalary stem
D
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Sol
Ans [B]
Culm is an erect stem having solid nodes & hollow internodes.
Triticum vulgare (wheat) and Bambusa arundinaceous are example of culm.
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q
Multicellular hairs are found on
(A) Root (B) Stem
(C) Both (a) and (b) (D) None of the above
E
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Sol
Ans [B]
In stem hairs if present, they are multicellular.
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q
Free lateral stipules occur in
(A) Mango / Mangifera (B) Maize / Zea
(C) Rice / Oryza (D) China Rose / Hibiscus
D
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Sol
Ans [D]
A pair of freely arranged stipules present on either side of the leaf base are called free
lateral stipules. e.g., Hibiscus, Gossypium etc.
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q
A leaf is identified from
(A) Flat green lamina (B) Presence of leaf blade and petiole
(C) Presence of axillary bud (D) Occurrence of chlorophyll
E
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Sol
Ans [C]
Leaf is a thin flattened out growth of the plant arising from the node of the stem and
having a bud in its axil.
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q
Leaves fall off from branches in winter due to
(A) Formation of abscission layer (B) Shortening of day length
(C) Fall in temperature (D) All the above
E
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Sol
Ans [A]
The abscission layer, a barrier of thin-walled parenchyma cells, develops across the
stem (or petiole) at the base of a leaf, flower, or fruit as it approaches the time of
falling from a plant
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q
In Tamarind (Imli) the pinnate leaf is
(A) Tripinnate (B) Bipinnate
(C) Paripinnate (D) Imparipinnate
E
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Sol
Ans [C]
The leaves having even number of leaflets are termed as paripinnate,
e.g., Cassia, Tamarind etc.
Tamarind leaf
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q
Presence of sheathing leaf base and ligule are characteristic of
(A) Cycas leaf (B) Fern leaf
(C) Banana leaf (D) Grass leaf
D
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Sol
Ans [D]
In grasses and many monocots, the leaf base is broad and surrounds the stem as
an envelope, such a leaf base is called sheathing leaf base. An additional outgrowth
is present between leaf base and lamina. It is called ligule. e.g., Grasses.
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q
Approximate diameter of Victoria leaf is
(A) 1 m (B) 1.3 m
(C) 2 m (D) 3 m
D
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Sol
Ans [B]
Victoria regain an aquatic plant with floating leaves which are 4 meters in radius
and have diameter of 1.5-1.8 m. These are the largest leaves in plant kingdom.
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q
A dicotyledonous plant showing parallel venation is
(A) Dioscorea (B) Smilax
(C) Calophyllum (D) Hibiscus
E
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Sol
Ans [C]
Parallel venation is the characteristic feature of monocotyledons. Exceptionally few dicots
show parallel venation, e.g., Calophyllum and Eryngium.
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q
In Lathyrus aphaca, the leaves are modified into
(A) Spine (B) Tendril
(C) Scale (D) Stem – like structure
D
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Sol
Ans [B]
The leaves are modified in to slender wiry and coiled structures called leaf tendrils.
The tendril may be formed by entire leaf e.g., Lathyrus aphaca (Wild pea).
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q
In sweet pea, the tendrils are modified
(A) Stem branches (B) Leaflets
(C) Leaves (D) Stipules
E
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Sol
Ans [B]
Terminal leaflets modified in to tendril in Lathyrus odoratus (Sweet pea).
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q
Bud scales of Ficus are modified
(A) Leaves (B) Stipules
(C) Stem (D) Prickles
D
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Sol
Ans [B]
The stipules are the small lateral appendages present on either side of the leaf base. Bud
scales stipules are scaly which protect the leaf buds by surrounding them. e.g., Artocarpus,
Banyan etc.
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q
Imparipinnate leaf is the one where
(A) Leaflets are borne in pairs (B) Leaflets are small
(C) Leaflets are large (D) Rachis is terminated by an odd leaflet
D
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Sol
Ans [D]
Imparipinnate leaf is an unipinnate leaf with odd number of leaflets. The rachis is
terminated by single unpaired leaflet. e.g., Neem, Rose, Murraya.
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q
Storage leaves occur in
(A) Allium (B) Zizyphus
(C) Triticum (D) Trapa
D
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Sol
Ans [A]
In Allium leaves become fleshy due to storage of water or food material. It is because of
their characteristic nature of storing water and food that they are called storage leaves.
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q
Phyllotaxis is
(A) Mode of leaf arrangement on stem
(B) Types of roots
(C) Arrangement of sepals and petals in a flower
(D) Type of ovary
E
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Sol
Ans [A]
Phyllotaxis or phyllotaxy is the arrangement of leaves on a plant stem
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q
Tendrillar stipules occur in
(A) Dolichos lablab (B) Acacia
(C) Smilax (D) Mango
E
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Sol
Ans [C]
When stipules are thin and modified in to wire like structure these are known as tendrillar.
These are help plant in climbing to a support . e.g., Smilax.
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q
Adnate stipules occur in
(A) China Rose (B) Gardenia
(C) Rose (D) Cotton
D
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Sol
Ans [C]
Stipules are the lateral appendages which are found attached at the base of the leaf. They
protect the leaf in its bud stage. Adnate stipules are the two stipules which are attached to
the petiole leaving the anterior end free. For e.g –Rose
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q
Onion stores food in
(A) Underground stem (B) Fleshy scales
(C) Root (D) Shoot
E
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Sol
Ans [B]
In Onion and garlic (underground bulb) scale leaves store food and become fleshy.
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q
Main function of leaf is
(A) Manufacture of food (B) Nerve impulse conduction
(C) Increasing grandeur (D) Exchange of gases
E
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Sol
Ans [A]
The green colour of leaf is due to presence of the photosynthetic pigment – chlorophyll
which helps plants to synthesize organic food.
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q
A monocot can be distinguished from a dicot by
(A) Phyllotaxy (B) Aestivation
(C) Venation (D) Vernation
E
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Sol
Ans [C]
The arrangement of veins in the lamina of a leaf is called venation. Reticulate venation is
found in dicotyledons when parallel venation is found in monocotyledons.
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q
Petiole is modified into tendril in
(A) Passiflora (B) Gloriosa
(C) Pisum (D) Clematis
E
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Sol
Ans [D]
In few plants the petioles are modified in to tendrils and helps the plant climbing
e.g., Clematis and Tropaeolum.
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q
Swollen spongy petiole is present in
(A) Hydrilla (B) Eichhornia
(C) Ruppia (D) Pistia
D
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Sol
Ans [B]
In some plants petiole becomes swollen and spongy due to the development of
aerenchyma. The type of petioles encloses much air and helps the plant to float.
e.g., Trapa bispinosa and Eichhornia.
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q
Which part of leaf shows venation
(A) Lamina (B) Mesopodium
(C) Epipodium (D) Leaflet
E
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Sol
Ans [C]
The green expanded portion of the leaf is called the lamina (epipodium). Lamina is
specialized to perform photosynthesis. Lamina bears network of Veins and Vein lets.
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q
When leaves bear floral buds in their axil, they are called
(A) Cotyledonary leaves (Scutellum) (B) Bract leaves (Hypsophylls)
(C) Scale leaves (Cataphylls) (D) Floral leaves (Sporophylls)
D
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Sol
Ans [B]
Hypsophylls or Bract Leaves are special leaves which bear floral buds at their axils.
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q
Axillary bud and stipules are absent in
(A) Simple leaves (B) Leaflets
(C) Cauline leaves (D) Ramal leaves
D
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Sol
Ans [B]
As leaflets are divided leaves there are no axillary buds at their point of attachment with
the rachis. There are no stipules in leaflets .
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q
Quadrifoliate palmate compound leaf is found in
(A) Trigonella (B) Trifolium
(C) Marsilea (D) Bombax
D
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Sol
Ans [C]
Quadrifoliate leaf has four leaflets attached to the tip of petiole. e.g., Marsilea, Paris quadrifolia.
Marsilea
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q
Leaves of which plant are economically important
(A) Coffee (B) Tea
(C) Ocimum (D) Palms
E
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Sol
Ans [B]
Tea obtained from the leaves of Camellia sinensis (family - Theaceae).
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q
In Ficus (Rubber plant) the young leaves are protected by reddish structures called bud
scales. These are
(A) Stipules (B) Scales
(C) Bracts (D) Bracteoles
D
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Sol
Ans [A]
Scales which protect the buds are called bud scales (convolute). Sometimes they are the
modified into stipules. The bud scales fall off as the buds open, e.g., Artocarpus and Ficus.
Ficus – stipule
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q
Leaf is
(A) Exogenous lateral outgrowth (B) Endogenous lateral outgrowth
(C) Superficial dorsal outgrowth (D) Vascular lateral growth
D
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Sol
Ans [A]
The leaf is a green, flat, thin expanded lateral appendage of stem which is borne at a
node and bears a bud in its axil. It is exogenous in origin and develops from the leaf
primordium of shoot apex.
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q
Rachis is present in
(A) Pinnate compound leaf (B) Palmate compound leaf
(C) Both correct (D) Both wrong
D
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Sol
Ans [A]
In pinnately compound leaves, a row of leaflets forms on either side of an extension of
the petiole called the rachis
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q
The leaf of Mimosa pudica is
(A) Simple (B) Bifoliate
(C) Bipinnate (D) Trifoliate
D
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Sol
Ans [C]
When the single leaflets of the unipinnate leaf gets replaced with unipnnate leaves
themselves becomes bipinnate leaves.
Example: Mimosa pudica
Leaves of Mimosa pudica
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q
A phyllotaxy with two or more leaves present on the same node is
(A) Opposite (B) Verticillate
(C) Whorled (D) Cyclic
D
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Sol
Ans [C]
When more than two leaves arise at a node of stem and its branches and form a whorl,
the phyllotaxy is said to be whorled as in Alstonia, Nerium etc. In Alstonia five leaves are
present in a whorl while in Nerium three leaves are present in a whorl
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q
Phyllode is an adaptation to
(A) Heterophylly environment (B) Halophytic environment
(C) Mesophytic environment (D) Xerophytic environment
E
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Sol
Ans [D]
Many xerophytes reduce the size of their leaves to minimize water loss. Such plant develop
phyllodes to carry out photosynthesis. e.g., Acacia, Melanoxylon and Parkinsonia.
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q
In Calotropis the phyllotaxy is
(A) Alternate (B) Verticellate
(C) Opposite and superposed (D) Opposite and decussate
D
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Sol
Ans [D]
In opposite phyllotaxy the two leaves at each node are always opposite one another. If the
successive pairs of leaves be placed at right angles to one another, the arrangement is
termed opposite decussate e.g., Calotropis, Zinnia, Tulsi, Quisqualis.
Opposite deccusate
phyllotaxy – calotropis
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q
When leaves fall individually at different times it is called
(A) Caducous (B) Deciduous
(C) Persistent (D) Abscission
E
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Sol
Ans [C]
When leaves remain on the plant for more than one year, fall off individually at different times
so that the plant gives an evergreen look , they are called persistant e.g., Eucalyptus.
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q
On the margins of leaves of a plant called Bryophyllum tiny plants grow complete with
roots. These tiny plants fall of and continue to grow. This is a form of
(A) Hermophroditism (B) Vegetative reproduction
(C) Sexual reproduction (D) Reproduction by fission
E
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Sol
Ans [B]
In some plants the vegetative propagation is carried out by the production of epiphyllous
buds on leaves. Such leaves are called reproductive leaves. e.g., Bryophyllum.
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q
In Banana, true stem is underground. The stem like structure outside soil is formed by
(A) Peduncle (B) Petiole of leaves
(C) Leaf bases (D) Overlapping of leaves
D
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Sol
Ans [C]
The banana plant is the largest herbaceous flowering plant. Banana plants are often
mistaken for trees. Bananas have a false stem (called pseudostem), which is made by
the lower part of the leaves.
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q
Tuberous roots are found in
(A) Ginger (B) Onion
(C) Potato (D) Sweet potato
E
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Sol
A tuberous root is an enlarged fleshy root modified as a storage organ
with shoots produced at one end and roots produced at the other
Tuberous root in sweet potato
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q
Pinnately parallel venation is found in
(A) Canna (B) Grass
(C) Zizyphus (D) Castor
D
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Sol
Ans [A]
In Pinnate parallel venation the leaf lamina possesses single prominent vein which
gives rise to a large number of lateral veins. All the lateral veins run parallel towards
margin. e.g., Canna, Banana, Curcuma etc.
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q
Ochreate stipules occur in leafy vegetable
(A) Amaranthus (B) Mentha
(C) Platanus (D) Rumex
D
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Sol
Ans [D]
Membranous tubular stipules that ensheath the axillary bud and a part of internode is called
ochraceous stipule. It is formed by the union of two stipules. e.g., Polygonum and Rumex.
Rumex – stipule
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q
Parallel venation occurs in
(A) Monocots (B) Dicots
(C) All angiosperms (D) Ferns
E
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Sol
Ans [A]
In parallel venation (striate venation), veins and veinlets run parallel to each other.
Parallel venation is the characteristic feature of monocots.
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q
Bombax leaf is
(A) Tripinnate (B) Unipinnate
(C) Multifoliate (D) Quadrifoliate
D
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Sol
Ans [C]
In Bombax, the petiole bears five or more leaflets at the tip like the fingers of the palm.
Therefore, it is categorized as palmately compound multifoliate leaf.
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q
Name the plant having reticulate venation
(A) Musa (B) Mangifera
(C) Oryza (D) Canna
E
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Sol
Ans [B]
Because Mangifera (mango) is a dicot plant and reticulate venation found in dicots.
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q
In Nepenthes the pitcher is modified
(A) Whole leaf (B) Leaf apex
(C) Lamina (D) Petiole
E
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Sol
Ans [C]
In case of Nepenthes, Dischidia and Sarracenia leaf-lamina is modified into pitcher-like
structure called leaf-pitcher
Pitcher of Nepenthes
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q
In Opuntia the spines are modification of
(A) Leaf (B) Branch
(C) Epidermis (D) Flower
E
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Sol
Ans [A]
A pointed structure formed by the modification of entire leaf or part of a leaf is called a
spine. Leaf or entire leaf may be modified into spines. e.g., Opuntia (axillary branches
are modified in to spines).
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q
Leaf of which of the following plant shows circinate venation at young stage
(A) Fern (B) Mango
(C) Hydrilla (D) Funaria
D
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Sol
Ans [A]
Circinate venation is coiling of young leaves. It is a characteristic feature of ferns
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q
Isobilateral leaf is found in
(A) Dicots (B) Monocots
(C) Hydrophytes (D) Xerophytes
D
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Sol
Ans [B]
In a isobilateral leaf, both adaxial and abaxial surface are uniform in colour and show
similar structure. Both surface receive light. e.g., Monocots (Maize).
Maize leaf Anatomy of isobilateral leaf
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q
The leaves the Utricularia plant are modified into
(A) Hooks (B) Tendrils
(C) Bladders (D) Pitchers
E
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Sol
Ans [C]
In Utricularia (Bladderwort) some of the leaves are modified to form small bladders
(utricles) each of 1-3mm diameter.
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q
The reticulate venation is commonly found in the leaves of
(A) Monocot plants (B) Dicot plants
(C) Bryophytes (D) Thallophytes
E
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Sol
Ans [B]
In reticulate venation the main veins divide into various branches and make a net-like
structure in the lamina. It is found in most of the dicot plants.
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q
The branch system of the shoot bearing a group of flowers is called as
(A) Placentation (B) Venation
(C) Inflorescence (D) Phyllotaxy
E
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Sol
Ans [C]
An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a
main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Morphologically, it is the modified
part of the shoot of seed plants where flowers are formed.
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q
The most important function of inflorescence is to help in
(A) Forming large number of fruits
(B) Attracting insects for cross pollination
(C) Dispersal of seeds
(D) Release of pollen grains
E
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Sol
Ans [B]
The most important function of inflorescence is it makes flower more conspicuous to
pollinating agents (insects/birds) so that chances of cross pollination are high.
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q
The most advanced type of inflorescence is
(A) Corymb (B) Catkin
(C) Spadix (D) Capitulum
D
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Sol
Ans [D]
Capitulum (Head) inflorescence is a characteristic of compositae (Asteraceae)family
Penduncle is flattened to form receptacle that bears centripetally arranged small sessile
flowers called florets surrounded by involucre of bracts. e.g., Marigold, Sunflower.
The capitulum inflorescence has been considered to be the
most advanced and perfect due to the following reasons
• The individual flowers are quite small and massed
together in heads, and therefore, they add to greater
conspicuousness to attract the insects and flies for
pollination.
• At the same time there is a considerable saving of
material in the construction of the corolla and other floral
parts.
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q
Amentum (Catkin) inflorescence is found
(A) Mulberry (Morus) (B) Poplulus (Poplar)
(C) Acalypha (Cats tail) (D) All of these
D
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Sol
Ans [D]
Catkin (Amentum) is a compact spike like inforescence in which the peduncle is thin and
weak and the flowers are sessile and unisexual e.g., Morus (Mulberry), Populus (Poplar),
Acalypha (Cats tail), Salix (Willow), Betula (Birch).
Catkin infloresence
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q
Capitulum is a modification of
(A) Raceme (B) Spike
(C) Spadix (D) Hypanthodium
D
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Sol
Ans [A]
Capitulum (Head) : It is a modified raceme in which the main axis is flattened, called receptacle.
Characteristics of inflorescence
• The main axis or receptacle becomes suppressed, and almost flat,
• Flowers (also known as florets) are sessile (without stalk) so that they become crowded
together on the flat surface of the receptacle. The florets are arranged in a centripetal
manner on the receptacle
• The individual flowers (florets) are bracteate.
Capitulum Inflorecence
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q
Inflorescence in Musa paradisiaca (banana) is a
(A) Raceme (B) Catkin
(C) Spadix (D) Verticellaster
D
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Sol
Ans [C]
Spadix is a modification of catkin spike in which the peduncle is thick and fleshy with upper
part sterile (called appendix) and lower part bearing male, neuter and female unisexual
flower surrounded by a large bract called spathe. e.g., Musa paradisiaca.