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Page 1:  · nature’s way of adding diversity to a system that lacks diversity. ADEQUATE DIVERSITY Nature’s efforts to add diversity can be countered by adding beneficial diversity to

www.dakotalakes.com

Page 2:  · nature’s way of adding diversity to a system that lacks diversity. ADEQUATE DIVERSITY Nature’s efforts to add diversity can be countered by adding beneficial diversity to

Dakota Lakes Research Farm

• OWNED BY FARMERS• BOTH IRRIGATION AND DRYLAND• 100% LOW-DISTURBANCE NO-TILL • PRODUCTION ENTERPRISE

PROFITS SUPPORT RESEARCH

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Page 4:  · nature’s way of adding diversity to a system that lacks diversity. ADEQUATE DIVERSITY Nature’s efforts to add diversity can be countered by adding beneficial diversity to
Page 5:  · nature’s way of adding diversity to a system that lacks diversity. ADEQUATE DIVERSITY Nature’s efforts to add diversity can be countered by adding beneficial diversity to
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A FARMER MANAGES ECOSYSTEMS AND TAKES SUNLIGHT, WATER, AND CARBON DIOXIDE AND

MAKES THEM INTO PRODUCTS TO BE SOLD.

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ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES

• WATER CYCLE• ENERGY FLOW• MINERAL CYCLE• COMMUNITY DYNAMICS

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ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES

• WATER CYCLE-Does rain feed plants and recharge groundwater or does it run off and cause erosion and water quality degradation?

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The Dakota Lakes Research Farm began to use diverse, low-disturbance, no-till and cover cropping to control runoff from center-pivot irrigators.

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ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES

• ENERGY FLOW-How much sunlight strikes green leaves and makes food for the ecosystem? How much falls on dead vegetation or bare ground?

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ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES

The Dakota Lakes Research Farm uses cover and forage crops to fine-tune crop rotations, increase carbon capture, sequester nutrients, fix nitrogen, encourage friendlies, etc.

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Page 17:  · nature’s way of adding diversity to a system that lacks diversity. ADEQUATE DIVERSITY Nature’s efforts to add diversity can be countered by adding beneficial diversity to
Page 18:  · nature’s way of adding diversity to a system that lacks diversity. ADEQUATE DIVERSITY Nature’s efforts to add diversity can be countered by adding beneficial diversity to
Page 19:  · nature’s way of adding diversity to a system that lacks diversity. ADEQUATE DIVERSITY Nature’s efforts to add diversity can be countered by adding beneficial diversity to
Page 20:  · nature’s way of adding diversity to a system that lacks diversity. ADEQUATE DIVERSITY Nature’s efforts to add diversity can be countered by adding beneficial diversity to
Page 21:  · nature’s way of adding diversity to a system that lacks diversity. ADEQUATE DIVERSITY Nature’s efforts to add diversity can be countered by adding beneficial diversity to
Page 22:  · nature’s way of adding diversity to a system that lacks diversity. ADEQUATE DIVERSITY Nature’s efforts to add diversity can be countered by adding beneficial diversity to
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ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES• MINERAL CYCLE-Are the

nutrients available for plant use and environmental services”? Or have they been leached, eroded, or transported from the landscape?

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ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES• MINERAL CYCLE-

–Ecosystems that leak nutrients become deserts.

–Saline seeps indicate leakage–Decreasing pH indicates leakage–One unit train of soybeans contains

1 million pounds of phosphorus

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Saline Seep Formation

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MOST NITROGEN IN FEED HAULED TO THE FEEDLOT DOES NOT MAKE IT BACK TO THE FIELD. MOST N IN FEED CONSUMED IN THE FIELD REMAINS THERE.

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ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES

• COMMUNITY DYNAMICS-Do many species (great and small) have fairly stable populations of all ages? Or does the population of just a few species fluctuate widely?

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ADEQUATE DIVERSITY

Weeds and diseases are nature’s way of adding diversity to a system that lacks diversity.

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ADEQUATE DIVERSITYNature’s efforts to add diversity can be countered by adding beneficial diversity to the system.

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COVER AND FORAGE CROPS ARE A TOOL NOT AN END. THEY ARE A WAY TO

IMPROVE ROTATION DIVERSITY AND INTENSITY

WHILE PROVIDING COMPETITION.

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COVER and FORAGE CROPS

Cover and forage crops provide the opportunity to increase both intensity and diversity in situations where production of a grain crop would not be possible, would be unprofitable, or would be excessively risky.

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COVER and FORAGE CROPS

In humid environments (tall-grass prairie or wetter) the goal should be to have something growing at all times. In areas with a limited growing season this will require the use of cover crops and/or forage double crops.

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COVER and FORAGE CROPS

In subhumid, semiarid, and arid environments cover crops can be utilized to increase organic matter and biological activity.

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TOP 10 THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT COVER CROPS

• Decide what you want to do before trying to choose a cover crop, forage crop, or cover crop mixture.

Page 39:  · nature’s way of adding diversity to a system that lacks diversity. ADEQUATE DIVERSITY Nature’s efforts to add diversity can be countered by adding beneficial diversity to

TOP 10 THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT COVER CROPS

• Think of the cover crop as another component in a rotation.

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TOP 10 THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT COVER CROPS

• Using a mixture of cover-crops allows meeting several goals simultaneously. Mixtures add more diversity, grow at different times, better compete with weeds, optimize nutrient cycling, etc.

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Silage Corn

Working With Forage Soybean

Silage Corn - Forage Soybean

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TOP 10 THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT COVER CROPS

• Creating conditions beneficial to the next crop is usually one of the primary goals of a cover-crop.

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TOP 10 THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT COVER CROPS

• Water and nutrient management is often another primary goal. Water used by a cover-crop during the non-crop period can often be regained during the growing season because of better infiltration, reduced runoff, and improved water relations BUT THE COVER NEEDS TO BE MAINTAINED.

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Soil water content 11-4-10 and 4-29-11

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

4-Nov 29-Apr

inch

es

OatsMilletLentilCowpeaRadishMixCheck 1VCVC+RVFPVFP+RFSFFSF+RCheck 2

3.76

0.84

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TOP 10 THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT COVER CROPS

• Understanding rainfall patterns in your area and the water holding characteristics of your soils is mandatory to fully benefit from cover and forage crop programs. USE WEB SOIL SURVEY AND RAINFALL DATA.

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TOP 10 THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT COVER CROPS

• Cover crop seed must be INEXPENSIVE in terms of its potential benefit. Small seeds mean less volume/acre thus requiring less tank fills.

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TOP 10 THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT COVER CROPS

• Small seeds grow better on the surface than larger seeds while large seeds usually emerge better through a mat of residue.

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TOP 10 THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT COVER CROPS

• Using harrows to improve the stand of surface broadcast seed also improves the stand of weeds.

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TOP 10 THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT COVER CROPS

• One important goal is to use the cover crop to balance the diet of soil organisms. High carbon residue (low protein) requires low carbon (high protein) cover crops to balance the diet. Low residue crops (low C) require high residue crops (high C).

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MANAGING COVER CROPS IS MORE

GUESSWORK THAN SCIENCE AT THIS

POINT

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ROTATION, SANITATION, AND

COMPETITION ARE THE PRIMARY TOOLS OF

PEST CONTROL.

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CATCH AND RELEASE

NUTRIENTS

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“Within all textural groups, as organic matter increased from 1 to 3%, the available water capacity approximately doubled. When organic matter content increased to 4%, it then accounted for more than 60% of total AWC“.8

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27,000 gallons of water with 1% OM in 6 inches of soil.

This is 0.26 inches of water.

If we can increase by 4% that is 1 inch in the top 6 inches or 2 inches in the top foot,

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When soil water storage capacity is low, much of the rain that falls during extended periods of precipitation is lost. In contrast, a high water storage capacity, combined with the effective capture of rain and snowmelt over the fall, winter and spring can support a crop through an extended dry period.

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Commonality Among Tillage Tools

• All Tillage Tools Destroy Soil Structure.• All tillage tools decrease water

infiltration• All tillage tools reduce organic matter

• All tillage tools increase weeds.

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Continuous Low-Disturbance No-till in Combination with Diverse Rotations and Cover Crops:

A BIOLOGIC ANSWER TO A BIOLOGICAL PROBLEM

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ADDING VALUE TO LIVESTOCK DIVERSITY · FAO ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND HEALTH Rome, 2010 168 paper ADDING VALUE TO LIVESTOCK DIVERSITY Marketing to promote local breeds and improve livelihoods

October 18, 2019 Adding Generational Perspectives ... · 1 October 18, 2019 Adding Generational Perspectives: Extending the Diversity Conversation Blake, Cassels & Graydon LLP –

ADDING VALUE TO LIVESTOCK DIVERSITY · Adding value to livestock diversity – Marketing to promote local breeds and improve livelihoods. FAO Animal Production and Health Paper. No

Nature’s Patterns

Nature’s life

Philip Patston — Adding Diversity to Common Sense

Hifsa Haroon-Iqbal Diversity Officer Religious Literacy Leadership Programme ‘Having Faith– Adding Value’

Nature’s blessing or nature’s curse [EBRD - Working papers]€¦ · Nature’s blessing or nature’s curse: the political economy of transition in resource-based economies Akram

INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY NATURE’S OWN CHEMICAL … · INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY NATURE’S OWN CHEMICAL PLANT ... INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY – NATURE’S OWN CHEMICAL PLANT ... as

Nature’s cheats

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Glaciers—Nature’s Ice Sculptor. Nature’s Ice Sculptor

Nature’s Temptations

Nature’s Kidneys

Nature’s Triumph

Nature’s Microworlds

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Nature’s Fury- Hurricanes

Tsunami nature’s fury

NATURE’S POND CONDITIONER

Assessment Report Ecosystems · ecosystems – nature’s diversity v > Ecosystems nature’s diversity • uses within the South-east Marine Region – describing our knowledge of

Nature’s brilliance

A nature’s treasury: Pseudoscorpion diversity of the ... · new species (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae, Cheiridiidae) and new records ... 27-45 microdentatus sp. nov., ... MSS (UTM

Nature’s hotline foundation

NATURE’S 10

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ADDING VALUE TRANSFORMING SUPPLY OF DIVERSITY CHAINS … · ADDING VALUE OF DIVERSITY & INCLUSION IN SUPPLY CHAINS For over 10 years, we have been dedicated to the mission of improving

Godrej nature’s basket

NATURE’S ALLIES

Nature’s Trading Post

Nature’s blessing or nature’s curse [EBRD - Working …...Nature’s blessing or nature’s curse: the political economy of transition in resource-based economies Akram Esanov,

Ambac Financial Group, Inc. Adding diversity to our financial sector holdings

Mai Po – Nature’s